CN103613265B - Sludge drying method - Google Patents
Sludge drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103613265B CN103613265B CN201310673052.0A CN201310673052A CN103613265B CN 103613265 B CN103613265 B CN 103613265B CN 201310673052 A CN201310673052 A CN 201310673052A CN 103613265 B CN103613265 B CN 103613265B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a sludge drying method. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) carrying out microbubble amplification on sludge: adding solid sodium hydroxide into mechanically dehydrated sludge, and then carrying out microbubble amplification on the sludge through high-speed stirring so that the density of the sludge subjected to microbubble amplification is reduced to 0.65 g/mL-0.75 g/mL; (2) carrying out solar energy drying: spreading the sludge subjected to microbubble amplification in a solar greenhouse for solar energy drying until the water content of the sludge is 30%-40%. The sludge is dried by using microbubble amplification in combination with solar energy drying, thus the sludge drying method has the advantages of good dehydration property, high drying efficiency, short drying time, low treatment cost and the like and is capable of realizing resource utilization of the sludge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the specific resistance to filtration technology in field of environmental engineering, be specifically related to a kind of drying method for sludge.
Background technology
Mud refers to the general designation of sanitary sewage and the solid matter be separated in the treating processes of trade effluent or dam.In recent years, along with the increase day by day of China's dirt, wastewater treatment capacity, the sludge yield in treating processes also sharply increases.Mud usually containing a large amount of poisonous, harmful or material of having a negative impact to environment as the by product of sewage disposal, being disposed if do not carried out appropriate process, all will be constituted a serious threat to ecotope and human health.In the process disposal process of mud, key link is exactly reduce the water ratio of mud, thus reduces sludge volume, improves the collection of mud, storage, transport efficiency.
At present, the method for sludge dewatering mainly contains mechanical dehydration, seasoning and high-temperature hot desiccating method.Comparatively speaking, mechanical dehydration easy and simple to handle, but water separation capability is limited, and the moisture percentage in sewage sludge generally after mechanical dehydration is still 65% ~ 85%.Realize the deep dehydration to mud, usually need adopt seasoning and the dry two kinds of methods of high-temperature hot.
Though moisture percentage in sewage sludge can be down to less than 40% by high-temperature hot desiccating method, its energy consumption is excessive, generally the water ratio of mud is down to 40% by 85%, and the energy expenditure of heat drying is 479MJ ~ 750MJ, and therefore economic worth is not high.Solar energy drying is one of nature drying method, because it takes full advantage of natural sun power, has energy-saving and cost-reducing realistic meaning.Meanwhile, there is abundant solar energy resources in China, about 2/3 territory sun power year radiation quantity close to or more than 5000MJ/m
2, annual sunshine time is more than 2200h, and belong to solar energy resources and enrich or more rich area, therefore the method for solar energy drying has good application prospect in China.
But solar energy drying has again the inefficient shortcoming of drying sludge.Usually, thickness is the mud of about 30cm, and its water ratio is down to 40% by 88%, still needs 8 ~ 14d in the summer of solar radiation abundance, then needs the time of about one month at plum rain season.For improving the processing efficiency of solar energy drying, emerge improving one's methods of multiple solar drying technology both at home and abroad, mainly concentrate on the improvement aspect of solar energy drying system, carry out being heated in order to topmost research platform based on greenhouse type sun greenhouse or assisted heat pump, solar energy heat collector etc.In sludge pretreatment, publication number is CN102633421A, name is called in the Chinese patent literature of " a kind of method of sludge drying " and discloses microvesicle amplification process for the improvement of drying sludge performance.But, by carrying out the method for solar energy drying after carrying out pre-treatment to mud again, also rarely have report.For how, the microvesicle of mud amplification process is combined with solar energy drying, and overcomes the two and combine the technological difficulties run into, further reduction mud water ratio and improve the research of the solar energy drying processing efficiency of mud, there is not yet report especially.If natural sun power can be made full use of, reduce sludge treatment cost, and improve the unit surface steam output of mud, and then improve the processing efficiency of solar energy drying, " minimizing, stabilization, innoxious, the resource utilization " realizing mud is had important practical significance and economic worth.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provides the drying method for sludge that a kind of dewatering is good, drying efficiency is high, processing cost is low.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of drying method for sludge, comprises the following steps:
(1) mud microvesicle amplification: add solid sodium hydroxide in the mud after mechanical dehydration, then by high-speed stirring, microvesicle amplification is carried out to mud, the sludge density after microvesicle is increased is down to 0.65g/mL ~ 0.75g/mL;
(2) solar energy drying: the mud stand after above-mentioned microvesicle amplification is piled in solar energy greenhouse, carries out solar energy drying, until moisture percentage in sewage sludge is 30% ~ 40%.
In above-mentioned drying method for sludge, preferably, the moisture percentage in sewage sludge after described mechanical dehydration is 75% ~ 85%.
In above-mentioned drying method for sludge, preferably, described solid sodium hydroxide add that quality is the mud weight in wet base after described mechanical dehydration 0.8% ~ 1.2%.
In above-mentioned drying method for sludge, preferably, the speed of described high-speed stirring is 180r/min ~ 300r/min.
In above-mentioned drying method for sludge, preferably, the shape of described mud stand heap is strip, i.e. strip mud stand heap, the length of described strip mud stand heap is 3m ~ 4m, and width is 1.5m ~ 2m, thickness is 50cm ~ 80cm, and the space between piles of described strip mud stand heap is 0.5m ~ 0.8m.
In above-mentioned drying method for sludge, preferably, the condition in described solar energy greenhouse is: wind speed is 0.2m/s ~ 1.2m/s, and temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C, and humidity is 20% ~ 50%.
In above-mentioned drying method for sludge, preferably, in described solar energy drying process, the turning frequency of mud is 5 times/day ~ 10 times/day.
In above-mentioned drying method for sludge, preferably, the device that described solar energy drying adopts is heat collector-greenhouse type solar energy drying system, and thermal barrier is air; The process of described heat collector-greenhouse type solar energy drying system sludge-drying is: daytime, air is sent in heat collector and heats, form warm air, by blower fan, a part of warm air is sent into solar energy greenhouse and carry out drying to mud, another part warm air sends into storage in thermophore; At night, the warm air in thermophore is sent into solar energy greenhouse by blower fan and continues to carry out drying to mud.
In above-mentioned drying method for sludge, preferably, the heating surface of described solar energy greenhouse is towards positive the south, and lighting surface inclination angle is local latitude, adopts the gas flow pattern of bottom air inlet, top air draft in described solar energy greenhouse.
In above-mentioned drying method for sludge, preferably, the mud after described solar energy drying carries out compacting and discharges in described solar energy greenhouse, finally disposes in the mode of burning or Land_use change.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) method that the present invention adopts microvesicle amplification pre-treatment to combine with solar energy drying carries out drying to mud, in mud microvesicle amplification pre-treatment, additive is only solid sodium hydroxide, add that quality is the mud weight in wet base after mechanical dehydration 0.8% ~ 1.2%, compared with the CaO of prior art, in the present invention, the dosage of additive greatly reduces, the speed of mud microvesicle amplification significantly improves, and the operation steps of mud microvesicle amplification obtains very large simplification.Solar energy drying is carried out again through the microvesicle pretreated mud that increases, on the basis utilizing natural sun power, give full play to the advantage that microvesicle amplification mud unit surface steam output is high, drying rate is fast, significantly shortened the time of solar energy drying, improve the processing efficiency of solar energy drying.
(2) method processing step of the present invention is simple, and the microvesicle amplification rate of mud is fast, and solar energy drying efficiency is high, and the moisture percentage in sewage sludge after dehydration is low, is convenient to subsequent disposal.The present invention has important practical significance for " minimizing, stabilization, innoxious, the resource utilization " realizing mud.
(3) mud of the present invention is after microvesicle amplification and solar energy drying, greatly sludge volume can be reduced by compacting, thus reduce the trucking costs of mud, cost-saving, and dried moisture percentage in sewage sludge is lower, meet the relevant criterion of country about sludge disposal, directly can carry out final disposal through modes such as burning, Land_use change, realize the recycling of mud.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of drying method for sludge of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of solar energy greenhouse in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the change curve of water ratio with the solar energy drying time of microvesicle amplification mud and dewatered sludge in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the change curve of water ratio with the solar energy drying time of microvesicle amplification mud and dewatered sludge in embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is the local shape appearance figure of gained sludge-drying after microvesicle amplification and solar energy drying in embodiment 2.
Marginal data:
1, mud inlet; 2, mud mouth; 3, inlet mouth; 4, air outlet; 5, sludge-turning machine; 6, solar radiation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and concrete preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection domain not thereby limiting the invention.
embodiment 1
A kind of drying method for sludge of the present invention, its technical process as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) mud microvesicle amplification: learn from else's experience from storage mud room gravity concentration and mechanical dehydration (municipal sewage plant's process) afterwards water ratio be 83%, density is that the dewatered sludge of 1.05g/mL is placed in agitator, then in this dewatered sludge, the solid sodium hydroxide that quality accounts for dewatered sludge weight in wet base 1% is added, high-speed stirring, stirring velocity is 200rpm, obtains the microvesicle amplification mud that density is 0.70g/mL after stirring 20min.
(2) solar energy drying: by above-mentioned density be 0.70g/mL microvesicle amplification mud stand pile in solar energy greenhouse, its heap body is strip, namely strip mud stand heap, thickness is 50cm, and width is 1.5m, and length is 4m, strip mud stand pile space between piles be 0.8m.The mud that increased by microvesicle utilizes sun power to carry out drying in solar energy greenhouse, and the wind speed (i.e. speed air flow) in solar energy greenhouse controls at 0.5m/s ~ 0.9m/s, and temperature controls at 42 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C, and humid control is 39.2% ~ 43.7%.In solar energy greenhouse, the regulation and control of temperature or humidity are realized by the wind speed changed in greenhouse, the controller of temperature or humidity is connected with wind speed variable valve, when the temperature in greenhouse or humidity exceed set(ting)value, controller can regulate wind speed variable valve automatically, by the control realization of wind speed to the adjustment of humiture.Microvesicle amplification mud in solar energy greenhouse stirs once (namely 6 times/day) every 4h, and measures its water ratio, and result as shown in Figure 3, obtains the sludge-drying that water ratio is 33.6% after 80h.Contrasted with the dewatered sludge that the density that sewage work takes out is 1.05g/mL by above-mentioned microvesicle amplification mud, in solar energy greenhouse, dewatered sludge just directly carries out solar energy drying process without microvesicle amplification.Under same mummification condition, after dry 80h, the water ratio of dewatered sludge is down to 70.4%, and the water ratio of microvesicle amplification mud is down to 33.6%.As shown in Figure 3, the curve of water ratio with solar energy drying time variations of microvesicle amplification mud and dewatered sludge, known by contrasting, through microvesicle increase the mud processed solar energy drying speed apparently higher than without microvesicle amplification process dewatered sludge drying rate, namely adopt the microvesicle method combined with solar energy drying that increases to carry out drying to mud, improve the processing efficiency of solar energy drying.
The subsequent disposal of sludge-drying: compacting is carried out to the mud after solar energy drying in the present embodiment, what compacting adopted is that crawler belt rolls real machine; Sludge-drying after compacting is carried out burn, Land_use change, complete final disposal, reclaim the available stock in mud simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, the solar energy greenhouse size that the present embodiment adopts is 6m × 5m × 4m, and solar energy greenhouse is provided with mud inlet 1, mud mouth 2, inlet mouth 3, air outlet 4, is also equiped with sludge-turning machine 5 in solar energy greenhouse.Solar energy greenhouse adopts double-layer cement wall body structure, hollow layer is left between double wall, for thermal insulation layer, top is triangular structure, accepts solar radiation 6, and heating surface is towards positive the south, lighting surface inclination angle is local latitude, top adopts double glazing material, and Glass base adds layer of plastic film, plays insulation effect.Bottom air inlet is adopted, the gas flow pattern of top air draft in solar energy greenhouse.The device that solar energy drying adopts is heat collector-greenhouse type solar energy drying system, and thermal barrier is air.On daytime, first air enters heat collector, and in heat collector after heating, a part of warm air enters solar energy greenhouse by blower fan, and another part enters storage in thermophore (filler is wood chip and pebbles).At night, the warm air in thermophore enters solar energy greenhouse by blower fan, continues to carry out drying to mud.What the heat-sink material of heat collector adopted is PC solar heat-collection plate, plates absorber coatings on collecting plate simultaneously, in order to fully to absorb sun power, reduces the reflection of sunlight.
embodiment 2
A kind of drying method for sludge of the present invention, its technical process as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) mud microvesicle amplification: learn from else's experience from storage mud room gravity concentration and mechanical dehydration (municipal sewage plant's process) afterwards water ratio be 83%, density is that the dewatered sludge of 1.05g/mL is placed in agitator, then in dewatered sludge, add the solid sodium hydroxide stirring that quality accounts for dewatered sludge weight in wet base 1.2%, high-speed stirring, stirring velocity is 200rpm, obtains the microvesicle amplification mud that density is 0.70g/mL after stirring 12min.
(2) solar energy drying: by above-mentioned density be 0.70g/mL microvesicle amplification mud stand pile in solar energy greenhouse, its heap body is strip, thickness is 60cm, width is 1.8m, and length is 4m, and the distance between strip sludge is 0.5m, sun power is utilized to carry out drying, stir once (namely 8 times/day) every 3h, and measure its water ratio, result as shown in Figure 4.Blast velocity control in solar energy greenhouse is at 1.0m/s ~ 1.2m/s, and temperature controls at 42 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C, and humid control is 28.5% ~ 33.1%.
Contrasted with the dewatered sludge that the density that sewage work takes out is 1.05g/mL by above-mentioned microvesicle amplification mud, in solar energy greenhouse, dewatered sludge just directly carries out solar energy drying process without microvesicle amplification.Under same mummification condition, the water ratio of dewatered sludge after solar energy drying 48h is down to 35.8%, and above-mentioned the present embodiment microvesicle amplification mud be only just down to 36.1% with solar energy drying 30h water ratio, fewer than dewatered sludge use 18 little time, save the time of drying of 3/8.As shown in Figure 4, that microvesicle amplification mud and dewatered sludge water ratio are with the curve of solar energy drying time variations, known by contrasting, the drying rate of microvesicle amplification mud is apparently higher than the drying rate of dewatered sludge, namely the microvesicle method combined with solar energy drying that increases is adopted to carry out drying to mud, significantly shorten the time of solar energy drying, improve the processing efficiency of solar energy drying.As shown in Figure 5, be the local shape appearance figure of final gained sludge-drying after microvesicle amplification and solar energy drying, as shown in Figure 5, there is many holes hole in sludge-drying, be very easily compacted, effectively can reduce the volume of mud.
The subsequent disposal of sludge-drying: in the present embodiment after solar energy drying gained water ratio be 36.1% sludge-drying carry out compacting, compacting adopt be that crawler belt rolls real machine; Sludge-drying after compacting is carried out burn, Land_use change, complete final disposal, reclaim the available stock in mud simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, the solar energy greenhouse size that the present embodiment adopts is 6m × 5m × 4m, and solar energy greenhouse is provided with mud inlet 1, mud mouth 2, inlet mouth 3, air outlet 4, is also equiped with sludge-turning machine 5 in solar energy greenhouse.Solar energy greenhouse adopts double-layer cement wall body structure, hollow layer is left between double wall, for thermal insulation layer, top is triangular structure, accepts solar radiation 6, and heating surface is towards positive the south, lighting surface inclination angle is local latitude, top adopts double glazing material, and Glass base adds layer of plastic film, plays insulation effect.Bottom air inlet is adopted, the gas flow pattern of top air draft in solar energy greenhouse.The device that solar energy drying adopts is heat collector-greenhouse type solar energy drying system, and thermal barrier is air.On daytime, first air enters heat collector, and in heat collector after heating, a part of warm air enters solar energy greenhouse by blower fan, and another part enters storage in thermophore.At night, the warm air in thermophore enters solar energy greenhouse by blower fan, continues to carry out drying to mud.What the heat-sink material of heat collector adopted is PC solar heat-collection plate, plates absorber coatings on collecting plate simultaneously, in order to fully to absorb sun power, reduces the reflection of sunlight.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is also not only confined to above-described embodiment.All technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.It is noted that for those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a drying method for sludge, comprises the following steps:
(1) mud microvesicle amplification: add solid sodium hydroxide in the mud after mechanical dehydration, then by high-speed stirring, microvesicle amplification is carried out to mud, the sludge density after microvesicle is increased is down to 0.65g/mL ~ 0.75g/mL;
(2) solar energy drying: the mud stand after above-mentioned microvesicle amplification is piled in solar energy greenhouse, carries out solar energy drying, until moisture percentage in sewage sludge is 30% ~ 40%;
Moisture percentage in sewage sludge after described mechanical dehydration is 75% ~ 85%; Add that quality is the mud weight in wet base after described mechanical dehydration 0.8% ~ 1.2% of described solid sodium hydroxide; Condition in described solar energy greenhouse is: wind speed is 0.2m/s ~ 1.2m/s, and temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C, and humidity is 20% ~ 50%.
2. drying method for sludge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the speed of described high-speed stirring is 180r/min ~ 300r/min.
3. drying method for sludge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the shape of described mud stand heap is strip, i.e. strip mud stand heap, the length of described strip mud stand heap is 3m ~ 4m, width is 1.5m ~ 2m, and thickness is 50cm ~ 80cm, and the space between piles of described strip mud stand heap is 0.5m ~ 0.8m.
4. drying method for sludge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described solar energy drying process, the turning frequency of mud is 5 times/day ~ 10 times/day.
5. the drying method for sludge according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that, the device that described solar energy drying adopts is heat collector-greenhouse type solar energy drying system, and thermal barrier is air; The process of described heat collector-greenhouse type solar energy drying system sludge-drying is: daytime, air is sent in heat collector and heats, form warm air, by blower fan, a part of warm air is sent into solar energy greenhouse and carry out drying to mud, another part warm air sends into storage in thermophore; At night, the warm air in thermophore is sent into solar energy greenhouse by blower fan and continues to carry out drying to mud.
6. the drying method for sludge according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, the heating surface of described solar energy greenhouse is towards positive the south, and lighting surface inclination angle is local latitude, adopts the gas flow pattern of bottom air inlet, top air draft in described solar energy greenhouse.
7. the drying method for sludge according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that, the mud after described solar energy drying carries out compacting and discharges in described solar energy greenhouse, finally disposes in the mode of burning or Land_use change.
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| CN107477991B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2019-11-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Solar energy and the united sludge drying system of biogas combustion radiator |
| CN113181878A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-07-30 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Method for preparing sludge-based biochar through microbubble drying-low-oxygen baking pretreatment |
| CN113413874A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-21 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Method for preparing sludge-based biochar by virtue of drying, coupling and pyrolysis of mixed microbubbles |
| CN113828261A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-24 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Heat-preservation temperature-control organic waste biological drying reactor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102381826A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2012-03-21 | 江苏龙腾工程设计有限公司 | Greenhouse-heat collector-type solar sludge drying system and method |
| CN102633421A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 湖南大学 | Sludge drying method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102381826A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2012-03-21 | 江苏龙腾工程设计有限公司 | Greenhouse-heat collector-type solar sludge drying system and method |
| CN102633421A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 湖南大学 | Sludge drying method |
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