CN103606105A - Method and system for reliability check and evaluation index statistics of engineering agricultural full-set machinery product - Google Patents

Method and system for reliability check and evaluation index statistics of engineering agricultural full-set machinery product Download PDF

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CN103606105A
CN103606105A CN201310566043.1A CN201310566043A CN103606105A CN 103606105 A CN103606105 A CN 103606105A CN 201310566043 A CN201310566043 A CN 201310566043A CN 103606105 A CN103606105 A CN 103606105A
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王书茂
付函
张亚伟
王冬
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China Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种工程农机整机产品可靠性考核评定指标的统计方法及系统,分为S1,从制造厂检验合格的产品中随机抽样;S2,将记录装置中多个代表作业时间、故障类别及停止工作的互锁按键安装在样机操纵手柄附近;S3,由机手根据样机的作业情况,摁下相应的按键,记录装置计算作业时间、判别故障类别及统计故障次数;S4,记录装置与远程监测中心通过无线移动通信网络通信,实现试验数据的远程传输;S5,试验时间结束后,检测人员根据远程监测中心存储的数据计算、评定首次故障前平均故障时间和平均故障间隔时间等考核指标。本发明能有效地远程跟踪试验样机,降低检测人员的工作强度,提高数据的一致性和准确性。

Figure 201310566043

The present invention relates to a statistical method and system for assessing and assessing indicators of engineering agricultural machine product reliability, which is divided into S1, randomly sampling from the products that pass the inspection of the manufacturer; S2, recording multiple representative operating time and fault categories and the interlock button for stopping work is installed near the control handle of the prototype; S3, the operator presses the corresponding button according to the working conditions of the prototype, and the recording device calculates the working time, distinguishes the fault type and counts the number of faults; S4, the recording device and The remote monitoring center communicates through the wireless mobile communication network to realize the remote transmission of test data; S5, after the test time is over, the inspectors calculate and evaluate the evaluation indicators such as the average time to failure before the first failure and the average time between failures based on the data stored in the remote monitoring center . The invention can effectively remotely track the test prototype, reduce the work intensity of the inspectors, and improve the consistency and accuracy of data.

Figure 201310566043

Description

工程农机整机产品可靠性考核评定指标统计方法及系统Statistical method and system for product reliability assessment and evaluation index of engineering agricultural machinery

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种产品可靠性考核评定指标的统计方法及系统,应用对象为工程农机整机。The invention relates to a statistical method and system for product reliability assessment and evaluation indicators, and the application object is the complete engineering agricultural machinery.

背景技术Background technique

工程农机产品指用于农业工程作业和农业田间作业的机械产品,如用于农业工程作业的农用装载机、农用挖掘机以及用于农业田间作业的拖拉机、收割机等。工作时间是指完成作业的运行时间,包括工程农机负荷作业时间、地头转弯时间、装卸时间和加油加水时间。Engineering agricultural machinery products refer to mechanical products used for agricultural engineering operations and agricultural field operations, such as agricultural loaders, agricultural excavators for agricultural engineering operations, tractors, harvesters, etc. for agricultural field operations. Working time refers to the running time for completing the work, including the time for engineering agricultural machinery load operation, turning time at the headland, loading and unloading time, and refueling and watering time.

工程农机产品的可靠性一直是关系其实际作业质量、用户利益和企业生存的重大问题。根据国家标准《工程农机产品可靠性考核评定指标体系及故障分类通则》的规定,可靠性考核指标应能定量衡量规定条件下使用的可靠性,对整机产品,其建议采用首次故障前平均工作时间(MTTFF)和平均故障间隔时间(MTBF)等,这些数据是可靠性评估及产品可靠性改进的重要依据。The reliability of engineering agricultural machinery products has always been a major issue related to the quality of its actual operation, the interests of users and the survival of enterprises. According to the national standard "Engineering Agricultural Machinery Product Reliability Evaluation Index System and General Rules for Fault Classification", the reliability evaluation index should be able to quantitatively measure the reliability of the use under the specified conditions. These data are important basis for reliability evaluation and product reliability improvement.

目前可靠性数据一般来自现场可靠性试验,即结合产品的实际使用,在专人监督下进行现场可靠性试验或定点跟踪现场可靠性试验;试验室或试验场可靠性试验,即由试验人员负责,按可靠性试验规范,在可控条件下的试验室或在规定条件的试验场进行可靠性试验;用户调查,在产品的用户中进行调查来获得产品实际使用的可靠性数据。在这几种方法中,来自现场可靠性试验的数据最直接、最有效,也最可靠。但是,工程农机产品种类繁多、作业环境恶劣、现场试验条件极差,而还需要派专人检测人员长期(1年左右)跟踪试验,几乎难以做到,并且受人为因素影响,数据的一致性较差。At present, reliability data generally come from on-site reliability tests, that is, in combination with the actual use of the product, on-site reliability tests or fixed-point tracking on-site reliability tests are conducted under the supervision of special personnel; laboratory or proving ground reliability tests are performed by test personnel, According to the reliability test specification, the reliability test is carried out in the laboratory under controllable conditions or in the test field under the specified conditions; the user survey is carried out among the users of the product to obtain the reliability data of the actual use of the product. Among these methods, the data from field reliability test is the most direct, effective and reliable. However, there are many types of engineering agricultural machinery products, harsh operating environment, and extremely poor field test conditions, and it is almost impossible to send special inspectors to follow up the test for a long time (about 1 year). Moreover, due to human factors, the consistency of the data is relatively low. Difference.

发明内容Contents of the invention

(一)要解决的技术问题(1) Technical problems to be solved

本发明拟解决的技术题是提出一种可靠性考核指标的统计方法并设计相应的系统,通过无线移动通信技术实现数据的远程传输,以实现考核指标的远程监测,达到有效的长期跟踪田间试验的目的,为产品可靠性评估及可靠性改进提供更加一致性和准确性的数据。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a statistical method of reliability assessment indicators and design a corresponding system to realize remote transmission of data through wireless mobile communication technology to realize remote monitoring of assessment indicators and achieve effective long-term tracking of field experiments The purpose is to provide more consistent and accurate data for product reliability evaluation and reliability improvement.

(二)技术方案(2) Technical solution

为解决上述技术问题,本发明提出了一种可靠性考核指标的统计方法,具体步骤包括:In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a statistical method of reliability assessment index, and the specific steps include:

S1,工程农机整机产品的抽样:试验样机从制造厂检验部门检验合格的产品中抽取,并采取随机抽样,抽样数量一般为年产量的10%;S1. Sampling of complete engineering agricultural machinery products: the test prototype is selected from the qualified products inspected by the inspection department of the manufacturer, and random sampling is adopted. The sampling quantity is generally 10% of the annual output;

S2,具有作业时间计算、故障类别判断及故障次数统计等功能的记录装置安装:记录装置中有多个代表作业状态、故障类别或停止工作等具有互锁功能的按键,将其安装在操作手柄附近,故障类别至少包含一般故障、严重故障或致命故障中的一种;S2, the installation of recording device with the functions of operation time calculation, fault category judgment and fault count statistics: there are multiple buttons in the recording device with interlocking functions representing the operation status, fault type or stop working, etc., which are installed on the operating handle Nearby, the failure category includes at least one of general failure, serious failure or fatal failure;

S3,作业时间与故障次数的记录:操作机手摁下作业状态按键,记录装置中作业计时功能被触发,摁下所述某个故障类别按键,记录装置中统计故障次数功能被触发,同时由于按键间的互锁作用,作业计时被暂停,摁下停止工作按键,全部按键弹起,计时、计数功能暂停S3, recording of operation time and number of failures: the operator presses the operation status button, the operation timing function in the recording device is triggered, presses a certain failure category button, and the function of counting the number of failures in the recording device is triggered. The interlocking function between the buttons, the job timing is suspended, press the stop button, all the buttons pop up, and the timing and counting functions are suspended

S4,试验数据的远程传输:记录装置中与远程监测中心进行双向通讯,接收单次被叫的指令后,上传1次当前记录数据,或接收定时功能指令,定时时间到即刻上传数据,或首次故障触发时即刻上传数据,试验数据主要包括样机ID号、系统时间、累积作业时间、故障类别及故障次数、作业地点经纬度及作业速度;S4, Remote transmission of test data: Two-way communication is carried out between the recording device and the remote monitoring center. After receiving a single called instruction, upload the current recorded data once, or receive a timing function instruction, and upload the data immediately when the timing is reached, or for the first time Upload data immediately when a fault is triggered. The test data mainly includes the ID number of the prototype, system time, cumulative operating time, fault type and number of faults, latitude and longitude of the operating location, and operating speed;

S5,考核指标的统计、计算及评定:试验时间结束后,检测人员根据上传的数据按照公式(1)和(2)进行考核指标的统计计算:S5, Statistics, calculation and evaluation of assessment indicators: After the test time is over, the testing personnel will perform statistical calculation of assessment indicators according to formulas (1) and (2) according to the uploaded data:

首次故障前平均工作时间 MTTFF = 1 r ( Σ i = 1 r t i + Σ j = 1 n - r t j ) - - - ( 1 ) Average operating time before first failure MTTFF = 1 r ( Σ i = 1 r t i + Σ j = 1 no - r t j ) - - - ( 1 )

其中,n为被试验样品中,统计首次故障的有效个数Among them, n is the effective number of statistics of the first failure in the tested sample

r为被试验样品中,发生首次故障的产品个数r is the number of products with the first failure among the tested samples

ti为第i个样品发生首次故障时的累积工作时间,单位为小时(h)t i is the cumulative working time when the first failure of the i-th sample occurs, in hours (h)

tj为可靠性试验结束时未发生首次故障的第j个样品的累积工作时间,单位为小时(h)t j is the cumulative working time of the jth sample without the first failure at the end of the reliability test, in hours (h)

平均故障间隔时间 MTBF = Σ i = 1 n t ci r a - - - ( 2 ) mean time between failures MTBF = Σ i = 1 no t ci r a - - - ( 2 )

其中,n为被试验样品中,统计首次故障的有效个数Among them, n is the effective number of statistics of the first failure in the tested sample

tci为第i个试验样机的累积工作时间,单位为小时(h)t ci is the cumulative working time of the i-th test prototype, in hours (h)

ra为被试验样机在试验时间内现场故障次数的总和r a is the sum of the number of on-site failures of the tested prototype within the test time

实现上述步骤中的记录装置主要包括:Realize that the recording device in the above steps mainly includes:

具有多个互锁按键的琴键开关,每个按键代表作业状态、故障类别或停止工作中的一种;A key switch with multiple interlocking keys, each of which represents one of working status, fault category, or stop working;

GPS单元,获取系统时间、作业地点经纬度与作业速度,对试验数据的可靠性提供一种依据;GPS unit, to obtain the system time, latitude and longitude of the work site and work speed, and provide a basis for the reliability of the test data;

处理单元,主要由微处理器或单片机组成,包括外围电路,是整个记录装置的核心,主要用于根据琴键开关对应按键的状态计算作业时间、统计故障类别及相应的故障次数,还从GPS单元解析系统时间、作业地点经纬度及作业速度;The processing unit is mainly composed of a microprocessor or a single-chip microcomputer, including peripheral circuits, and is the core of the entire recording device. It is mainly used to calculate the working time according to the state of the corresponding key of the key switch, and count the fault category and the corresponding fault times. Analyze the system time, latitude and longitude of the work location and work speed;

存储单元,与处理单元连接,用于存储累积作业时间、故障类别及累积故障次数;The storage unit is connected with the processing unit and is used to store the accumulated operating time, fault category and accumulated fault times;

无线通信单元,与处理单元连接,将试验数据传输到远程监测中心;The wireless communication unit is connected with the processing unit to transmit the test data to the remote monitoring center;

显示单元,与处理单元连接,显示试验数据;The display unit is connected with the processing unit to display test data;

供电单元,给记录装置中的其他单元供电,同时与试验样机中的电瓶连接,由电瓶为其充电。The power supply unit supplies power to other units in the recording device, and is connected to the storage battery in the test prototype at the same time, and is charged by the storage battery.

远程监测中心主要包括:The remote monitoring center mainly includes:

无线移动通讯装置,与记录装置中的无线通信单元组网通信,进行数据的远程传输;The wireless mobile communication device communicates with the wireless communication unit in the recording device in a network for remote data transmission;

计算机以及计算机中的处理软件,与无线移动通讯装置连接,用于控制指令发送、试验数据解析、显示、存储和地理信息监测等。The computer and the processing software in the computer are connected with the wireless mobile communication device for sending control instructions, analyzing test data, displaying, storing, and monitoring geographical information.

(三)有益效果(3) Beneficial effects

本发明设计的工程农机整机产品可靠性考核评定指标统计方法及系统,通过放置在样机中的记录装置实现作业时间计算、故障类别及故障次数统计,并利用无线移动通信技术实现数据的远程传输,由远程监测中心实现考核目标的统计、计算及评定,能有效地远程跟踪试验样机,大大降低检测人员的工作强度,提高试验数据的一致性;记录装置中琴键开关的互锁性,使得每次检测的状态唯一,简化了操作步骤,同时保证了试验数据的准确性;通过GPS单元采集系统时间、作业地点经纬度及作业速度,对数据的可靠性做了进一步提高。The method and system for counting the reliability evaluation indicators of engineering agricultural machinery products designed by the present invention realizes the calculation of operation time, statistics of fault types and fault times through the recording device placed in the prototype machine, and realizes remote transmission of data by using wireless mobile communication technology , the statistics, calculation and evaluation of assessment objectives can be realized by the remote monitoring center, which can effectively track the test prototype remotely, greatly reduce the work intensity of the test personnel, and improve the consistency of the test data; the interlocking of the key switches in the recording device makes each The state of each test is unique, which simplifies the operation steps and ensures the accuracy of the test data; the reliability of the data is further improved by collecting the system time, latitude and longitude of the work site and work speed through the GPS unit.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例工程农机整机产品可靠性考核评定指标统计方法流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the statistical method for evaluating and assessing the product reliability of engineering agricultural machinery products according to an embodiment of the present invention.

图2是工程农机整机产品可靠性考核评定指标统计系统中记录装置结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the recording device in the statistical system for the reliability assessment and evaluation index of the whole engineering agricultural machinery product.

图3是工程农机整机产品可靠性考核评定指标统计系统方案示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the system scheme for the reliability assessment and evaluation index statistics system of complete engineering agricultural machinery products.

图中标号:1、琴键开关,101、作业时间按键,102、一般故障按键,103、严重故障按键,104、致命故障按键,105、停止工作键,2、处理单元,3,、显示单元,4、GPS单元,401、GPS天线,5、无线通信单元,501、通信天线,6、存储单元,7、供电单元Symbols in the figure: 1, key switch, 101, working time button, 102, general failure button, 103, serious failure button, 104, fatal failure button, 105, stop working button, 2, processing unit, 3, display unit, 4. GPS unit, 401, GPS antenna, 5. Wireless communication unit, 501, communication antenna, 6. Storage unit, 7. Power supply unit

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

图1是本发明实施例工程农机整机产品可靠性考核评定指标统计方法流程,整个过程如下。Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the statistical method for the reliability assessment and evaluation index of the complete engineering agricultural machinery product of the embodiment of the present invention, and the whole process is as follows.

S1,被试验的工程农机整机从制造厂检验部门检验合格的产品中随机抽样。S1. The complete engineering and agricultural machinery to be tested is randomly sampled from the qualified products inspected by the inspection department of the manufacturer.

S2,具有作业时间计算、故障类别判断及故障次数统计等功能的记录装置安装。记录装置的结构示意图见图2所示,主要包括:S2, the installation of a recording device with the functions of calculation of working time, judgment of fault type and statistics of fault times. The structural schematic diagram of the recording device is shown in Figure 2, which mainly includes:

具有多个互锁按键的琴键开关1,每个按键代表一种功能,这里设按键101代表作业时间,按键102代表一般故障,按键103代表严重故障,按键104代表致命故障,按键105代表停止工作;A key switch 1 with a plurality of interlocking keys, each key represents a function, where key 101 represents operating time, key 102 represents general faults, key 103 represents serious faults, key 104 represents fatal faults, and key 105 represents stop working ;

记录装置的核心处理单元2,主要由微处理器或单片机组成,包括外围电路,与所述琴键开关1的各个按键相连,根据所述按键状态,用于计算作业时间、判断故障类别及统计相应的故障次数,还从GPS单元解析系统时间、作业地点经纬度及作业速度;The core processing unit 2 of the recording device is mainly composed of a microprocessor or a single-chip microcomputer, including peripheral circuits, which are connected with each key of the key switch 1, and are used to calculate the working time, judge the fault type and count the corresponding according to the state of the key. The number of failures, and also analyze the system time, latitude and longitude of the work site and work speed from the GPS unit;

显示单元3,用于显示处理单元2计算的作业时间、故障类别及相应的故障次数、系统时间、经纬度坐标及作业速度;The display unit 3 is used to display the operation time calculated by the processing unit 2, the type of failure and the corresponding number of failures, system time, latitude and longitude coordinates and operation speed;

GPS单元4,包括GPS天线401,用于采集系统时间、试验所在的作业地点经纬度与作业速度,对试验数据的可靠性提供一种依据;GPS unit 4, including GPS antenna 401, is used to collect system time, longitude and latitude and operating speed of the operating site where the test is located, and provides a basis for the reliability of the test data;

无线通信单元5,包括天线501,用于将所述处理单元2整合的数据传输到远程监测中心;A wireless communication unit 5, including an antenna 501, configured to transmit the data integrated by the processing unit 2 to a remote monitoring center;

存储单元6,用于存储所述处理单元2计算的累积作业时间或故障类别及累积故障次数;The storage unit 6 is used to store the cumulative operating time or fault type and cumulative fault times calculated by the processing unit 2;

供电单元7,给记录装置中其他单元供电,同时与试验样机中的电瓶相连,由电瓶为其充电;The power supply unit 7 supplies power to other units in the recording device, and is connected to the storage battery in the test prototype at the same time, and is charged by the storage battery;

由于琴键开关1需要手动操作,为方便操作手机,可以将其放置在样机操纵手柄附近。Since the key switch 1 needs to be manually operated, it can be placed near the joystick of the prototype for the convenience of operating the mobile phone.

S3,操作机手根据作业情况摁下记录装置中代表相应功能的按键,记录装置自动计算相应的作业时间、判断故障类别及统计故障次数。S3, the operator presses the button representing the corresponding function in the recording device according to the operation situation, and the recording device automatically calculates the corresponding operation time, judges the type of fault and counts the number of faults.

当样机开始作业时,操作机手在操作手柄开始工作的同时,将琴键开关1中代表作业时间的按键101摁下,处理单元2检测到与按键101相连管脚的电平发生变化,便开始计时;如果在作业过程中发生了一般故障、严重故障或致命故障中的一种,操作机手在停机工作的同时只需摁下代表一般故障按键102、严重故障按键103或致命故障按键104,由于按键间的互锁作用,按键101均会被弹起,处理单元2停止作业时间计时,而相应的故障次数加1;当停止作业时,操作机手将琴键开关1中代表停止工作的得按键105摁下,作业时间计时停止,而处理单元2计算的累积作业时间、故障类别及相应的故障次数被放到存储单元6。When the prototype starts to work, the operator presses the key 101 representing the working time in the key switch 1 while the operating handle starts to work, and the processing unit 2 detects that the level of the pin connected to the key 101 changes, and starts Timing; if one of general failure, serious failure or fatal failure occurs during the operation, the operator only needs to press the general failure button 102, the serious failure button 103 or the fatal failure button 104 while stopping the work, Due to the interlocking effect between the keys, the keys 101 will all be bounced, the processing unit 2 will stop the operation time counting, and the corresponding failure times will be increased by 1; When the button 105 is pressed, the operation time counting stops, and the accumulated operation time, fault type and corresponding fault times calculated by the processing unit 2 are stored in the storage unit 6 .

S4,远程监测中心与记录装置通过无线移动通信网络通信,进行试验数据的远程传输。N台样机中的N部记录装置与远程监测中心组成星型网络结构,见图3所示,监测中心通过无线移动装置按照设定的通讯协议与记录装置进行远程通讯、传输数据,通讯方式可以是单次主叫,当需要查看某个记录装置中的数据时,只需向其发送指令,记录装置收到指令后将装置ID号、系统时间、累积作业时间、故障类别及故障次数、作业地点经纬度及作业速度返给监测中心,通讯方式也可是记录装置定时上传,由监测中心远程设定时间,另外通讯方式还可是首次故障触发上传数据,当故障类别中的一种发生时,琴键开关中相应的按键被摁下,记录装置主动将此时的数据上传到远程监测中心。S4, the remote monitoring center communicates with the recording device through the wireless mobile communication network, and performs remote transmission of test data. The N recording devices in the N prototypes and the remote monitoring center form a star network structure, as shown in Figure 3. The monitoring center performs remote communication and data transmission with the recording device through the wireless mobile device according to the set communication protocol. The communication method can be It is a single call. When you need to check the data in a recording device, you only need to send an instruction to it. After receiving the instruction, the recording device will send the device ID number, system time, cumulative operation time, fault type and The latitude and longitude of the location and the operation speed are returned to the monitoring center. The communication method can also be uploaded regularly by the recording device, and the time can be set remotely by the monitoring center. In addition, the communication method can also be the first fault trigger upload data. When one of the fault types occurs, the key switch When the corresponding button is pressed, the recording device actively uploads the data at this time to the remote monitoring center.

S5,检测人员根据远程监测中心存储的数据对所要考核的可靠性指标进行统计、计算及评定。安装在远程监测中心中计算机中的软件根据无线移动通讯装置传回的数据将装置ID号、系统时间、累积作业时间、故障类别及故障次数、作业地点经纬度及作业速度进行解析、显示和存储,由于此软件拥有地理信息监测模块,在软件地图中还显示每个试验样机的作业地点;当规定的试验时间结束时,检测人员根据存储的试验数据从中统计出首次故障的有效个数n,发生首次故障的产品个数r,第i个样品发生首次故障时的累积工作时间ti(单位小时,h),可靠性试验结束时未发生首次故障的第j个样品的累积工作时间tj,根据如下公式计算首次故障前平均工作时间:S5, the inspector performs statistics, calculation and evaluation on the reliability index to be assessed according to the data stored in the remote monitoring center. The software installed in the computer in the remote monitoring center analyzes, displays and stores the device ID number, system time, cumulative operating time, fault type and fault times, longitude and latitude of the operating location and operating speed according to the data returned by the wireless mobile communication device. Since this software has a geographic information monitoring module, the operating location of each test prototype is also displayed on the software map; when the specified test time is over, the inspectors will count the effective number n of the first failure based on the stored test data, and the occurrence The number r of products with the first failure, the cumulative working time t i (unit hour, h) when the i-th sample has the first failure, the cumulative working time t j of the j-th sample that did not have the first failure at the end of the reliability test, Calculate the average working time before the first failure according to the following formula:

首次故障前平均工作时间

Figure BDA0000414096590000031
Average operating time before first failure
Figure BDA0000414096590000031

检测人员还需统计第i个试验样机的累积工作时间tci(单位小时,h)和被试验样机在试验时间内现场故障次数的总和ra,根据如下公式计算平均故障间隔时间:Inspectors also need to count the cumulative working time t ci (unit hour, h) of the i-th test prototype and the sum of the number of on-site failures r a of the tested prototype within the test time, and calculate the average time between failures according to the following formula:

平均故障间隔时间 mean time between failures

以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明,而并非对本发明的限制,有关技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以做出各种变化和变型,因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴,本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all Equivalent technical solutions also belong to the category of the present invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (4)

1.一种工程农机整机产品可靠性考核评定指标统计方法,其特征在于,所述步骤包括:1. a kind of engineering agricultural machinery complete machine product reliability assessment index statistical method, it is characterized in that, described step comprises: S1,从制造厂检验部门检验合格的产品中随机抽取被试验的工程样机;S1, randomly select the engineering prototype to be tested from the qualified products inspected by the inspection department of the manufacturer; S2,将记录装置中多个代表作业时间、故障类别及停止工作等具有互锁作用的按键安装在操作手柄附近,还需将所述装置与样机中的电瓶相连,由电瓶为其充电;所述故障类别至少包含一般故障、严重故障或致命故障中的一种;S2, installing a plurality of buttons in the recording device with interlocking functions representing the working time, fault category and stop working near the operating handle, and the device needs to be connected with the battery in the prototype, and the battery will charge it; The above fault categories include at least one of general faults, serious faults or fatal faults; S3,由操作机手根据样机的作业情况,摁下相应的按键,记录装置计算作业时间、判别故障类别及统计故障次数;摁下所述作业状态按键,记录装置中作业计时功能被触发,摁下所述某个故障类别按键,记录装置中统计故障次数功能被触发,同时由于按键间的互锁作用,作业计时被暂停,摁下停止工作按键,全部按键弹起,计时、计数功能暂停;S3, the operator presses the corresponding button according to the working conditions of the prototype, and the recording device calculates the working time, distinguishes the fault type and counts the number of faults; presses the working state button, the operation timing function in the recording device is triggered, press When a button of a fault category is pressed, the function of counting the number of faults in the recording device is triggered. At the same time, due to the interlocking effect between the buttons, the operation timing is suspended. When the stop button is pressed, all the buttons pop up, and the timing and counting functions are suspended; S4,记录装置与远程监测中心通过无线移动通信网络通信,实现试验数据的远程传输;记录装置接收单次被叫的指令后,上传1次当前记录数据,或接收定时功能指令,定时时间到即刻上传数据,或首次故障触发时即刻上传数据;试验数据主要包括样机ID号、系统时间、累积作业时间、故障类别及故障次数、作业地点经纬度及作业速度;S4, the recording device communicates with the remote monitoring center through a wireless mobile communication network to realize remote transmission of test data; after receiving a single called instruction, the recording device uploads the current recorded data once, or receives a timing function instruction, and the timing is up immediately Upload data, or upload data immediately when the first fault is triggered; test data mainly includes prototype ID number, system time, cumulative operating time, fault type and number of faults, latitude and longitude of the operating location, and operating speed; S5,试验时间结束后,检测人员根据监测中心存储的数据进行考核指标的计算及评定;假设从数据中统计出首次故障的有效个数n,发生首次故障的产品个数r,第i个样品发生首次故障时的累积工作时间ti(单位小时,h),可靠性试验结束时未发生首次故障的第j个样品的累积工作时间tj(单位小时,h),则首次故障前平均工作时间
Figure FDA0000414096580000011
S5. After the test time is over, the inspectors calculate and evaluate the assessment indicators according to the data stored in the monitoring center; assuming that the effective number n of the first failure is counted from the data, the number r of products with the first failure, and the i-th sample The cumulative working time t i (unit hour, h) when the first failure occurs, and the cumulative working time t j (unit hour, h) of the jth sample without the first failure at the end of the reliability test, the average working time before the first failure time
Figure FDA0000414096580000011
检测人员还需统计第i个试验样机的累积工作时间tci(单位小时,h)和被试验样机在试验时间内现场故障次数的总和ra,则Inspectors also need to count the cumulative working time t ci (unit hour, h) of the i-th test prototype and the sum of the number of on-site failures r a of the tested prototype within the test time, then 平均故障间隔时间
Figure FDA0000414096580000012
mean time between failures
Figure FDA0000414096580000012
2.一种实现工程农机整机产品可靠性考核评定指标统计方法的系统,其特征在于,所述系统包括安装在样机中的记录装置和远程监测中心。2. A system for realizing the statistical method for the reliability assessment and evaluation index of engineering agricultural machinery products, characterized in that the system includes a recording device installed in the prototype and a remote monitoring center. 3.一种实现权利要求2中的记录装置,其特征在于,所述装置主要包括:3. A recording device for realizing claim 2, wherein said device mainly comprises: 具有多个互锁按键的琴键开关,所述每个按键代表作业状态、故障类别或停止工作中的一种;A key switch having a plurality of interlocking keys, each of which represents one of working status, fault category or stop working; 获取系统时间、作业地点经纬度与作业速度的GPS单元,对试验数据的可靠性提供一种依据;The GPS unit that obtains the system time, the latitude and longitude of the operating location and the operating speed provides a basis for the reliability of the test data; 处理单元,主要由微处理器或单片机组成,包括外围电路,是整个记录装置的核心,主要用于根据所述琴键开关中对应按键的状态计算作业时间、判别故障类别及计算相应的故障次数,还从所述GPS单元解析系统时间、作业地点的经纬度坐标及作业速度;The processing unit is mainly composed of a microprocessor or a single-chip microcomputer, including peripheral circuits, and is the core of the entire recording device. It is mainly used to calculate the working time, determine the type of failure and calculate the corresponding number of failures according to the state of the corresponding key in the key switch. Also analyze the system time, the latitude and longitude coordinates of the work site and the work speed from the GPS unit; 存储单元,与所述处理单元连接,用于存储累积作业时间、故障类别及累积故障次数;A storage unit, connected to the processing unit, for storing accumulated operating time, fault category and accumulated fault times; 无线通信单元,与所述处理单元连接,将试验数据传输到远程监测中心;A wireless communication unit, connected to the processing unit, transmits test data to a remote monitoring center; 显示单元,与所述处理单元连接,显示试验数据;a display unit connected to the processing unit to display test data; 供电单元,为记录装置中的其他单元供电,同时与试验样机中的电瓶连接,由电瓶为其充电。The power supply unit supplies power to other units in the recording device, and is connected to the battery in the test prototype at the same time, and is charged by the battery. 4.一种实现权利要求2中的远程监测中心,其特征在于,所述监测中心主要包括:4. A remote monitoring center realizing claim 2, characterized in that said monitoring center mainly comprises: 无线移动通讯装置,与所述记录装置中的无线通信单元组网通信,进行数据的远程传输;A wireless mobile communication device communicates with the wireless communication unit in the recording device in a network to perform remote data transmission; 计算机以及计算机中的处理软件,与无线移动通讯装置连接,用于控制指令发送、试验数据解析、显示、存储和地理信息监测等。The computer and the processing software in the computer are connected with the wireless mobile communication device for sending control commands, analyzing test data, displaying, storing, and monitoring geographical information.
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