CN103604384A - Distributed fiber monitoring method and system for strains and stresses of ship lock structure - Google Patents
Distributed fiber monitoring method and system for strains and stresses of ship lock structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention brings forward a distributed fiber monitoring method and system for strains and stresses of a ship lock structure. The system comprises distributed sensitive optical cables, a data acquisition device, and a data processing and analyzing module; and the distributed sensitive optical cables are laid into tops and bottoms or inner surfaces and outer surfaces of reinforced concrete surface layers of a lock head base plate, a water delivery gallery, a lock chamber base plate, and a lock chamber wall by a way of binding with main ribs so as to form a U-shaped loop. After concrete pouring is completed for laying of the distributed sensitive optical cables into the tops and bottoms or inner surfaces and outer surfaces of the reinforced concrete surface layers of the lock head base plate, the water delivery gallery, the lock chamber base plate, and the lock chamber wall by a way of binding with main ribs, the distance between the sensitive optical cables and the surfaces of the concretes is 5 to 10cm; and the sensitive optical cables are deformed synchronously with the reinforced concrete structures and optical fiber sensors generate corresponding stresses. And a data acquisition station is established at the top of the lock head; and the laid sensitive optical cables lines are connected to the data acquisition station by optical cables.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to marine traffic engineering monitoring technical field, relate in particular to a kind of lock main body structural strain based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, monitoring method and the system of stress.
Background technology
China's marine traffic engineering infrastructure is in the large-scaled construction period, and large-sized concrete structure has also obtained application more and more widely in the marine traffic engineerings such as ship lock.Because the marine traffic engineering complex structures such as ship lock, difficulty of construction are larger, therefore in order to guarantee structures safety, need to the strain of keypoint part, stress state, monitor in construction and run duration.By monitoring, can accurately know its quality control on construction parameter, understand the stress characteristic at structural key position, significant to design, construction and the maintenance of optimization ship lock structure.
At present, in marine traffic engineering monitoring technical field, particularly the technical method relevant to ship lock monitoring during construction mainly contains settlement monitoring technology, soil body deviational survey technology, surface subsidence monitoring technology etc., and instrument and equipment adopts sedimentometer, tiltmeter, total powerstation, spirit-leveling instrument etc. more.These technical methods all have point measurement feature, and measuring point is sparse, are difficult to realize the conduct monitoring at all levels to measurand, because sensor mostly is resistance-type, pressure resistance type, condenser type, perishable again, are difficult to realize long term monitoring.Conventional monitoring technology majority still can not be realized Real-Time Monitoring, and sensing principle is varied, and data class is many, is difficult to integrated extensive real-time monitoring system.Therefore, be necessary that research and development are applicable to method of real-time and the technology of Novel ship lock xoncrete structure, to meet growing ship lock construction time and the operation requirement of phase safety monitoring and the needs of correlation theory research.
Based on Brillouin optical time domain analysis (Brillouin Optical Time-domain Analysis, abbreviation: BOTDA) with Raman scattering optical time domain reflection (Raman Optical Time-domain Refectometry, abbreviation: distributed sensing technology ROTDR) is the most advanced and sophisticated optical fiber sensing technology rising in optoelectronic information field in the world in recent years, corrosion-resistant except thering is general optical fiber sensing technology, the advantage of anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), also there is distributed (the continuous measuring point of super-high density), real-time online measuring, the direct advantage such as the strain of arbitrfary point and temperature information in measuring optical fiber, feature according to reinforced concrete distortion, can also calculate the multi-term physical indexes such as stress, displacement.BOTDA and ROTDR Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, for fields such as communication, building, the energy, traffic, are also having a large amount of engineering application aspect the monitorings such as pile foundation, tunnel structure, side slope, foundation ditch.But because ship lock complex structure, construction node are various, and distributed monitoring system design is comparatively complicated, so BOTDA technology is not also effectively applied in ship lock.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of ship lock routine monitoring ways and means, the present invention is intended to propose a kind of based on distributing optical fiber sensing, can be long-term, accurately, system monitoring lock main body structure in construction time and the operation strain of phase, the method and system of stress state.
The present invention realizes the technical scheme that its object takes:
Ship lock structural strain and device for detecting temperature based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, comprise distributed sensing optical cable, data acquisition equipment, data processing and analysis module; Distributed sensing optical cable is laid in shiplock head floor, water delivery gallery, the lock floor of ship lock structure, top, the end or the inside and outside surface on lift wall reinforced concrete structure top layer form U font loop in the mode with main muscle colligation; After concreting completes, sensing optic cable is apart from concrete surface 5-10cm; Sensing optic cable will produce deform in same pace with reinforced concrete structure, and Fibre Optical Sensor produces corresponding strain, and the Strain Distribution of sensing optic cable is carried out to temperature compensation, done the Strain Distribution that just obtains reinforced concrete structure under corresponding operating mode effect after difference is calculated; At lock head top, set up data acquisition website, laid sensing optic cable link tester is crossed to optical cable and be connected to data acquisition website.Further, concreting completes, and treats that hydration heat of concrete discharges completely, after concrete initial set, gathers monitoring initial value; Afterwards, in concrete curing phase and each construction stage, according to construction node, gather sensing optic cable data, utilize the temperature data that ROTDR records to carry out temperature compensation to straining sensing optical cable, and then obtain ship lock structure in the Strain Distribution situation of construction period, for guaranteeing construction safety, instructing construction in later period that foundation is provided; During ship lock operation, regular image data, obtains the strain and stress feature of structure, is optimizing engineering design, instructs similar engineering construction that foundation is provided.
Distributed sensing circuit forms with pine cover multimode sensing optic cable by tightly overlapping single mode sensing optic cable, and two optical cables are arranged along main muscle side by side.Tight cover single mode sensing optic cable is for strain measurement, and pine cover multimode sensing optic cable is for temperature survey.
Data acquisition equipment comprises Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument (BOTDA) and Raman light time-domain reflectomer (ROTDR).BOTDA is mainly used in the measurement that fibre strain distributes, the measurement that ROTDR distributes for fiber optic temperature.Wherein BOTDA signal (FBG) demodulator spatial resolution is that 0.05m, measuring accuracy are that 20 μ ε, measurement length can reach 80km; ROTDR system signal (FBG) demodulator measures temperature range and be-and 40-120 ℃, resolution are ± 0.1 ℃, measuring accuracy ± 0.5 ℃, spatial resolution 1m, measurement length 6km.The high spatial resolution of distributed optical cable signal (FBG) demodulator and high precision contribute to realize the leading monitoring and prediction of automation remote monitoring and structural cracks growth.
Data processing and analysis module can extract fibre strain data and temperature data, strain and temperature are carried out to position correction, noise reduction, can realize the temperature compensation of strain data, the calculating of structural strain, stress, have the storage of raw data and result of calculation, demonstration, be output as the function of specified format.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, monitoring device of the present invention and monitoring method, can system, long-term, high precision, full distributed monitoring ship lock agent structure be as strain, the Temperature Distribution of the xoncrete structures such as shiplock head floor, water delivery gallery, lock floor, navigation and lift wall, by further analysis, can obtain the stress distribution of structure, comprehensively control the stress characteristic of ship lock structure keypoint part in construction time and operation phase;
2, the monitoring device construction technique arriving involved in the present invention is simple, almost noiseless to major project construction, and distributed sensor has anticorrosive, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), the advantage such as contain much information, can realize long term monitoring; Overcome the monitoring that existing method is parts, the present invention is comprehensively full phase monitoring, and the development of counter stress strain is especially clear is clear, and is more conducive to the integral body of structure and safety, the assessment of science more comprehensively on the life-span.
3, monitoring method of the present invention not only can be monitored structural key position, sensing optic cable can also be arranged to the strain and stress state of monitoring respective regions inner structure by certain density graticule mesh;
4, monitoring system involved in the present invention can arrange by (FBG) demodulator, carries out unmanned automatic monitoring and data acquisition, meanwhile, also can carry out data acquisition, storage and transmission by network control (FBG) demodulator, realizes remote monitoring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that lock head base plate fibre circuit lays schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that lock head water delivery gallery fibre circuit lays schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that lock chamber base plate fibre circuit lays schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that lock chamber lift wall fibre circuit lays schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is ship lock malformation distributed optical fiber sensing system schematic.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
As Figure 1-5, application distribution optical fiber sensing technology involved in the present invention is to ship lock agent structure, the monitoring device that comprises shiplock head floor, water delivery gallery, lock floor and lift wall is comprised of strain & temperature sensing optic cable and light signal (FBG) demodulator, wherein 1 is shiplock head floor, the 3rd, water delivery gallery, the 5th, lock floor, the 7th, lift wall, 2, the 4,6, the 8th, strain and temperature sensing optic cable, the 9th, the integrated point of each optical cable.
Wherein the installation steps of sensing optic cable are:
(1) lay and indicate: before concreting, bar-mat reinforcement completes after laying, according to the designing requirement of monitoring scheme, indicates the laying circuit of sensing optic cable on bar-mat reinforcement.In sign process, need measure the laying length of each section of sensing optic cable and carry out respective record, corner location need to be considered the minimum curvature requirement of sensing optic cable.
(2) sensor lays: along sign, lay sensing optic cable, and temporary fixed with adhesive plaster or band.During cable laying, notice that sensing optic cable should remain on relaxed state, collect each lightguide cable link and lay to lock head top along structure reinforcing bars, and reserved 2-5m drift is for the integrated and welding wire jumper of circuit.
(3) build front fixing: before concreting operation is about to start, sensing optic cable is fixed.Fixed form is for adopting the pointwise of high-strength PVC adhesive plaster that optical cable is fixed on bar-mat reinforcement.Can the density degree of point of fixity depend on the form that control sensing optic cable, must make sensing optic cable lay along marking line straight line in fixation procedure.
(4) turning is controlled and buffer protection: for corner location, should meet the minimum profile curvature radius requirement of sensing optic cable, must encrypt point of fixity, to guarantee that this position can not produce along with pouring construction movement when laying fixedly.The position easily impacting when building, can adopt padded coamings such as being wound around foam sponge, forms one deck cushion, to protect sense line not to be damaged.
(5) node welding: treat that pouring construction completes, possess after weld job condition,, form sensing network, and accessed transmission cable needing the node of welding to carry out weld job according to Monitoring Design scheme, form monitoring system.
(6) route protection: easily cause the position of circuit damage according to the concrete condition of actual monitoring object and monitoring of environmental for welding node, high-risk section etc., take corresponding safeguard measure.
Sensing optic cable is installation position explanation in lock main body structure:
(1) shiplock head floor: referring to Fig. 1, temperature & straining sensing optical cable is laid in shiplock head floor reinforced concrete structure top, basal surface formation U font loop in the mode of main muscle colligation; Optical cable is at top, basal surface consistency from top to bottom, and it is central to physical dimension to be laid in base plate length; At top, basal surface, cross crook, invest the reinforcing bar that crooked radian is larger, and encrypt colligation, protection optical cable; After casting concrete completes, sensing optic cable is advisable apart from concrete surface 5-10cm; The optical cable of underplate concrete exit position is wound around diaphragm to add strong interface protection, and lays to lock head top along reinforced concrete structure outer wall.
(2) water delivery gallery: referring to Fig. 2, temperature & straining sensing optical cable is laid in water delivery gallery top chamfer position in the mode of main muscle colligation; Sensing optic cable is with U font loop be laid in upper edge and the lower edge of water delivery gallery top chamfer, and lays to lock head top along top empty van outer walls of concrete, and after casting concrete completes, sensing optic cable is advisable apart from concrete surface 5-10cm.
(3) lock floor: referring to Fig. 3, temperature & straining sensing optical cable is laterally laid in lock floor upper and lower surface in the mode of main muscle colligation, form U font loop, after casting concrete completes, sensing optic cable is advisable apart from concrete surface 5-10cm; Sensing optic cable lays to lock head top along a side lift wall.
(4) lift wall: referring to Fig. 4, temperature & straining sensing optical cable is laterally laid in the above 1m in lock chamber lift wall bottom, formation U font loop, 1.5m position in the mode of main muscle colligation; After casting concrete completes, sensing optic cable is advisable apart from concrete surface 5-10cm; Optical cable lays to lock head top along the lift wall near lock head position.
The computing method of fibre strain, temperature, temperature compensation and structural stress:
Brillouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA) technology is based on stimulated Brillouin scattering principle, utilized the linear relationship between Brillouin scattering frequency variation in optical fiber and optical fiber axial strain, environment temperature to realize sensing, and this relation can be expressed as
V
B(ε，T)=V
B(ε
0，T
0)+K
ε(ε-ε0)+K
T(T-T
0)
In formula, V
b(ε
0, T
0), V
b(ε, T) is respectively the frequency shift amount of Brillouin scattering in the forward and backward optical fiber of test; ε
0, ε is respectively the axial strain value of the forward and backward optical fiber of test; T
0, T is respectively the forward and backward temperature value of test.Proportional coefficient K
εand K
tvalue be about respectively 0.05MHz/ μ ε and 1.2MHz/ ℃.In order accurately to know the strain and stress of structure under load action, must carry out temperature compensation to sensing optic cable.ROTDR thermometry irradiates fibre core with light pulse, and light is injected in optical fiber, and the optical phonon in photon and optical fiber can produce inelastic collision, and Raman scattering occurs, and Raman diffused light comprises two components.What frequency was higher is anti-Stokes light, and what frequency was lower is stokes light.The strength ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light and temperature have following relation:
In formula, R (T) is for treating the function of testing temperature; I
afor anti-Stokes light intensity; I
bfor Stokes light intensity; v
afor anti-Stokes light frequency; v
bfor Stokes light frequency; C is the light velocity in vacuum; V is Raman translational movement; H is Planck's constant; K is Boltzmann constant; T is absolute temperature.In conjunction with optical time domain reflection technology, can realize the distributed temperature sensing based on Raman scattering.When temperature changes, need by following formula, carry out temperature compensation to the strain under different temperatures, to remove the impact of variation of ambient temperature on strain monitoring result:
In formula, meaning of parameters is the same.Structure any point Stress calculation formula is:
P
l=ε
lE
In formula, P
lfor structural stress, ε
lfor the strain of structural correspondence position, E is structured material elastic modulus.
The present invention is based on the strain of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques monitoring ship lock agent structure, stress and temperature, temperature and straining sensing optical cable are laid in to lock main body structure, comprise shiplock head floor, water delivery gallery, lock floor, lift wall reinforced concrete top layer; Concreting completes, and treats that hydration heat of concrete discharges completely, after concrete initial set, gathers monitoring initial value; Afterwards, in concrete curing phase and each construction stage, according to construction node, gather sensing optic cable data, when structure generation distortion, sensing optic cable will produce deform in same pace with reinforced concrete structure, Fibre Optical Sensor produces corresponding strain, utilizes the temperature data that ROTDR records to carry out temperature compensation to straining sensing optical cable, does the Strain Distribution that just obtains reinforced concrete structure under corresponding operating mode effect after difference is calculated.Each optical cable series connection in ship lock structure, Strain Distribution by BOTDA Brillouin optical time domain analysis technology and ROTDR Raman light time domain reflection technology synchro measure optical fiber, form distributed optical fiber sensing net, thus realize to ship lock structure keypoint part in real time, robotization, distributed monitoring.
Claims (5)
1. ship lock structural strain, stress distribution formula fiber-optic monitoring method, is characterized in that comprising distributed temperature and straining sensing optical cable, Brillouin optical time domain analysis data acquisition equipment, Raman scattering optical time domain reflection data acquisition equipment, data processing and analysis module; By temperature and straining sensing optical cable are laid in to lock main body structure, comprise shiplock head floor, water delivery gallery, lock floor, lift wall reinforced concrete top layer; When structure generation distortion, sensing optic cable will produce deform in same pace with reinforced concrete structure, Fibre Optical Sensor produces corresponding strain, and the Strain Distribution of sensing optic cable is carried out to temperature compensation, done the Strain Distribution that just obtains reinforced concrete structure under corresponding operating mode effect after difference is calculated; Each optical cable series connection in ship lock structure, Strain Distribution by BOTDA Brillouin optical time domain analysis technology and ROTDR Raman light time domain reflection technology synchro measure optical fiber, form distributed optical fiber sensing net, thus realize to ship lock structure keypoint part in real time, robotization, distributed monitoring.
2. ship lock structural strain according to claim 1, stress distribution formula fiber-optic monitoring method, is characterized in that laying continuously many optical cable routes, forms distributed optical fiber sensing net, realize to ship lock structure keypoint part in real time, robotization, distributed monitoring.
3. ship lock structural strain according to claim 1, stress distribution formula fiber-optic monitoring method, is characterized in that concreting completes, and treats that hydration heat of concrete discharges completely, after concrete initial set, gathers monitoring initial value; Afterwards, in concrete curing phase and each construction stage, according to construction node, gather sensing optic cable data, utilize the temperature data that ROTDR records to carry out temperature compensation to straining sensing optical cable, and then obtain the Strain Distribution situation of ship lock structure in construction period; During ship lock operation, regularly image data, with the Strain Distribution situation parameter comparison of construction period, obtains the strain and stress feature of ship lock structure.
4. ship lock structural strain, stress distribution formula optical fiber monitoring device, is characterized in that comprising distributed sensing optical cable, data acquisition equipment, data processing and analysis module; Distributed sensing optical cable is laid in shiplock head floor, water delivery gallery, the lock floor of ship lock structure, top, the end or the inside and outside surface on lift wall reinforced concrete top layer form U font loop in the mode with main muscle colligation; After shiplock head floor, water delivery gallery, lock floor, the top layer concreting of lift wall reinforced concrete that distributed sensing optical cable is laid in ship lock structure in the mode with main reinforcement colligation completes, sensing optic cable is apart from concrete surface 5-10cm; Sensing optic cable will produce deform in same pace with reinforced concrete structure, and Fibre Optical Sensor produces corresponding strain, and the Strain Distribution of sensing optic cable is carried out to temperature compensation, done the Strain Distribution that just obtains reinforced concrete structure under corresponding operating mode effect after difference is calculated; At lock head top, set up data acquisition website, laid sensing optic cable link tester is crossed to optical cable connection data and gather website.
5. ship lock structural strain according to claim 4, stress distribution formula optical fiber monitoring device, it is characterized in that distributed sensing circuit forms with pine cover multimode sensing optic cable by tightly overlapping single mode sensing optic cable, two optical cables are arranged along main muscle side by side, tight cover single mode sensing optic cable is for strain measurement, and pine cover multimode sensing optic cable is for temperature survey.
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| CN106289388A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2017-01-04 | 大连海事大学 | The remote supervision system of a kind of ship lock health status and monitoring method thereof |
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| CN110645899B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-07-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Distributed optical fiber monitoring method and device for structural crack |
| CN110512608A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-29 | 上海建工二建集团有限公司 | Concrete anticracking apparatus and method based on distribution type fiber-optic |
| CN111311872A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-19 | 上海中船船舶设计技术国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Long-term monitoring and alarming system for stress of hull structure |
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