CN109186820A - A kind of hot spot stress monitoring method based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure - Google Patents
A kind of hot spot stress monitoring method based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109186820A CN109186820A CN201810764326.XA CN201810764326A CN109186820A CN 109186820 A CN109186820 A CN 109186820A CN 201810764326 A CN201810764326 A CN 201810764326A CN 109186820 A CN109186820 A CN 109186820A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of hot spot stress monitoring method based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure belongs to the monitoring of design Ship local strength, whole ship stress monitoring field.This method installs fibre optical sensor according to the needs of real height stressed zone, and sensor is placed in nominal stress area；Finite element model simulated experiment is carried out, in conjunction with sea situation and wave parameter information, reads similar loading and load working condition in FEM numerical simulation process, reality ship stress is determined, determines point position and find out the coefficient of relationship k of measuring point Yu hot spot stress；According to coefficient of relationship, in conjunction with measuring point stress, directly according to formula δ2=k* δ1Read hot spot stress.Finite element model and real ship can preferably be together in series by the present invention, directly can survey Voltage force according to fibre optical sensor during real ship normal/cruise and obtain hot spot stress；The information such as the installation site that must be taken into consideration to more accurately measure hot spot stress intensity are avoided that in fibre optical sensor installation process, can be faster, more efficient carry out ship stress, strain real-time monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to design Ship local strength monitoring, whole ship stress monitoring field, and in particular to one kind is based on optical fiber
The hot spot stress monitoring method of Sensor pressure.
Background technique
The safety of structure is the basis for guaranteeing normal/cruise during ship's navigation, in Ship Design, designer
The related specifications and criterion to be provided according to classification society determine various design loads, to assess component strength.But due to practical boat
Sea situation is complicated during row, and the randomness of stress easily causes to damage to Ship Structure, so needing stress real-time monitoring, especially
It is the hot spot stress of the region of high stress.Monitoring system develops to fibre optical sensor skill of today by initial resistance strain plate
Extensive, distributed sensing may be implemented in art, constitutes distributed sensing grid, and it is many and diverse to solve resistance strain measurement wiring.Cable
The deficiencies of too many.Fibre optical sensor not only can carry out stress monitoring to the region of high stress, faint component, can also pass through statistical number
Ship reliability is analyzed according to analysis.
Such as various ships: oil carrier, bulk freighter, multi-hull ship, drill ship, LNG ship, the Ship Structures such as container ship are multiple
Miscellaneous, typical node is numerous, considers that as much as possible includes the typical structure type of full ship, full vessel FE model is divided into deck
And platform, typical cross section, bulkhead is these three types of in length and breadth, by experience it is known that access hatch corner, deck cross member and longitudinal bulkhead
Junction, Superstructure End, the plate unit node at superstructure dog-ear etc. at structural mutations, platform and the transition of topside bracket
The plate units nodes such as place, each typical case cross section, pillar and deck cross member junction, topside deepbar and deck intersection, bracket
Plate unit node at the structural mutations such as the toe-end position intersected with inner bottom plating (at interior bottom dog-ear) or Deck Plating, longitudinal bulkhead and cross
Bulkhead bracket junction, longitudinal bulkhead and deck bracket junction, transverse bulkhead and stringers intersection, longitudinal bulkhead and crossbeam intersection etc.
Plate unit node, often the region of high stress occur position.Hull hot spot stress is not directly available, need according to 0.5t and
Stress value interpolation at 1.5t (plate thickness that t is partial component) obtains, due to the commissure mistake of the hull partial component region of high stress
In narrow, sensor cannot be mounted directly, in order to avoid sensor degradation, general sensor is mounted on away from a certain distance from hot spot, and
The point position being not required to estimates hot spot stress.The invention of the applicant after study, devises a kind of coefficient of relationship, can
To directly obtain the hot spot stress of real height stressed zone according to measuring point pressure.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hot spot stress monitoring methods based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure.In order to
Intuitively reflect hot spot stress intensity from fibre optical sensor measuring point stress, the present invention uses a kind of new relationship coefficient k, according to this
Coefficient of relationship carry out it is simple calculate can direct readout value, can be more efficient, more rapid carry out real-time monitoring.For one
Under the true operational configuration of large ship, when carrying out stress monitoring with fibre optical sensor, it is only necessary to know measuring point stress δ1, according to
Coefficient of relationship k, so that it may know stress value at hot spot at once are as follows: δ2=k* δ1。
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of hot spot stress monitoring method based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) according to the needs of real height stressed zone, fibre optical sensor is installed；Sensor is placed in nominal stress area,
In conjunction with space installation without specific location requirement.
(2) during real ship navigation, in conjunction with sea situation and wave parameter information, similar dress in FEM numerical simulation process is read
Load and load working condition, find out the coefficient of relationship of measuring point Yu hot spot stress.
The corresponding hotspot location of the partial component is found on finite element model, and the grid near hot spot is refined,
According to real boat measurement point at a distance from hot spot and position of the Sensor on model is found out in direction, at head and the tail both ends according at that time
Sea situation and stress simulated, apply constraint and load (hull load beam, by ship motion generate cargo dynamic pressure, sea
Hydrodynamic pressure etc.).Hot spot stress for partial component on ship hot spot stress, according to the relevant regulations on tired guide, by
Tired interpolation obtains δh=1.5 δ0.5t-0.5δ1.5t, δ0.5t=1.5 δ1-0.5δ3, δ1.5t=1.5 δ2-0.5δ4；By optical fiber on real ship
The point position that sensor is placed is found on finite element model, and the stress value δ of measuring point is obtained by finite element analysisn。
(3) according to coefficient of relationship, in conjunction with measuring point stress, hot spot stress is directly read according to formula；During real ship navigation
Stress degree is complicated, according to tired guide, in real simulation on finite element model, using the power with weld seam vertical direction as base
It is quasi-, it is generally recognized that the direction vertical with hot spot weld seam is the immediate power of representative of measuring point stress, the size of power byIt obtains,
Then real ship hot spot stress intensity in the environment of at that time is
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) finite element model and real ship can preferably be together in series by the present invention, in the case where real ship design initial stage determines k value
Come, Voltage force directly can be surveyed according to fibre optical sensor during later period reality ship normal/cruise and obtain hot spot stress, saved according to biography
Sensor real time data is carrying out linear relationship fitting derivation；
(2) present invention avoids to examine in fibre optical sensor installation process in order to more accurately measure hot spot stress intensity
The information such as the installation site of worry can enable the installation of sensor in conjunction with the case where real ship specific position by coefficient of relationship
And spot welding.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is a kind of hot spot stress monitoring method flow chart based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure；
Fig. 2 is hot spot stress interpolation schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is three cargo tank structure schematic diagrames；
Fig. 4 is three bay section hot zone structure charts；
Fig. 5 is mesh refinement schematic diagram at three bay section hot zone hot spots；
Fig. 6 is extraction unit lattice ID schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing:
The present invention is based on the method that fibre optical sensor measuring point stress immediately arrives at hot spot stress, this method is based on real simulation
The coefficient of relationship of hot spot stress and measuring point stress on the finite element model of full ship, such as: the end that transverse bulkhead intersects with inner bottom plating
Hot spot stress, it is only necessary to which the expression formula for the coefficient of relationship that fibre optical sensor monitoring point stress value is obtained with finite element model can be straight
It connects to obtain the size of hot spot stress.This method can be faster, more efficient carry out ship stress, strain real-time monitoring.
A method of hot spot stress intensity being directly obtained by fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure, by real ship and finite element model
It is used in combination, the coefficient of relationship of hot spot stress and measuring point stress is obtained in the model for simulating real ship, it can according to the coefficient of relationship
Realize the real-time monitoring to hot spot stress.When finite element model is established, hot spot region will coincide with real ship, and point position will be in mould
It is decided in type, the sea situation during ship's navigation will load out by seaway load software, according to real ship stress condition
On model by field, quality point simulate come.It is consistent with real ship stress in a word.The relationship system being precipitated by finite element fraction
Number, passes through δ on real ship2=k* δ1Hot spot stress can be directly obtained.
Monitoring object: three cargo tank structure part region of high stress hot spot stress such as Fig. 1 of certain ship, 2.As shown in Figure 1, finite element mould
Type establishes three cargo tank structure illustraton of model of real ship, and node establishes MPC constraint in the middle part of two end node of bay section and natural axis.Fig. 2 is shown
The hot zone that Transverse Bulkhead and board shelf plate and outside plate point of intersection generate in cargo tank structure.(after full ship designs wave operation,
It is higher that stress value should be gone out, therefore determine hot zone, real-time monitoring is carried out on real ship).At hot spot refinement as shown in figure 3, by
HCSR specification software carries out refinement at hot spot, and coarse grid is refined as to the unit grid of t*t size.
Specific practice is as follows:
(1) moment of flexure for applying 1*10^7N/mm at three bay section left end MPC obligatory points, points out in right end MPC and is set as freely-supported
Model center position is found out in beam form formula, displacement constraint 0, is made model adaptation with inertia release, is reached equilibrium state.
(2) it is calculated with finite element software, extracts the stress of 4 plate units in X direction, as shown in figure 4, the list extracted
Member number and stress intensity are as follows
| Element number | X-direction stress value (MPa) |
| ELm169987 | 19.37 |
| Elm169986 | 16.94 |
| Elm169992 | 17.85 |
| Elm169991 | 16.02 |
(3) stress intensity 21.50MPa at hot spot Node109043 is calculated according to previously mentioned interpolation formula, it is false
If fibre optical sensor is then read at measuring point Node110077 in finite element at axially away from hot spot 25mm when real ship monitoring
Stress is 13.29MPa, by δ2=k* δ1Formula show that k value is about 1.618.
(4) it be can analyze out by example above, when ship stress and constraint are identical with example model, and measuring point and model position
When setting identical, hot spot stress intensity on real ship can be directly obtained using the coefficient of relationship, carrys out evaluation structure and obtains safety and reliable
Property.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of hot spot stress monitoring method based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the needs of real height stressed zone, fibre optical sensor is installed, sensor is placed in nominal stress area；
(2) finite element model simulated experiment is carried out, in conjunction with sea situation and wave parameter information, is read close in FEM numerical simulation process
Loading and load working condition, determine reality ship stress, determine point position and find out the coefficient of relationship k of measuring point Yu hot spot stress；
(3) according to coefficient of relationship, in conjunction with measuring point stress, directly according to formula δ2=k* δ1Read hot spot stress.
2. a kind of hot spot stress monitoring method based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: hot spot region will coincide with real ship, and point position will determine on model when the finite element model is established
Get off, the sea situation during ship's navigation will load out by seaway load software, according to real ship stress condition on model
By field, quality point simulate come.
3. a kind of hot spot stress monitoring method based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure according to claim 1, feature
Be: the method for solving of the coefficient of relationship k is that the corresponding hotspot location of the partial component is found on finite element model, right
Grid near hot spot is refined, according to real boat measurement point is at a distance from hot spot and Sensor is found out on model in direction
Position, head and the tail both ends according at that time sea situation and stress simulated, apply constraint and load；Hot spot stress is on ship
The hot spot stress of partial component is obtained according to the relevant regulations on tired guide by tired interpolation
δh=1.5 δ0.5t-0.5δ1.5t
Wherein δ0.5t=1.5 δ1-0.5δ3, δ1.5t=1.5 δ2-0.5δ4, δ1For the measuring point stress at grid 1, δ2At grid 2
Measuring point stress, δ3For the measuring point stress at grid 3, δ4For the measuring point stress at grid 4；Fibre optical sensor on real ship is placed
Point position is found on finite element model, and the stress value δ of measuring point is obtained by finite element analysisn, then point position and survey is found out
It puts and the coefficient of relationship of hot spot stress is
4. a kind of hot spot stress monitoring method based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure according to claim 3, feature
Be: the constraint and load includes hull load beam, the cargo dynamic pressure generated by ship motion, seawater dynamic pressure.
5. a kind of hot spot stress monitoring method based on fibre optical sensor measuring point pressure according to claim 1, feature
Be: the measuring point stress refers to that the direction vertical with hot spot weld seam is the immediate power of representative of measuring point stress；Real ship navigated by water
Stress degree is complicated in journey, according to tired guide, in real simulation on finite element model, is with the power with weld seam vertical direction
Benchmark.
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| CN110767322A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-07 | 上海交通大学 | Ocean floating platform hot spot stress calculation method based on response surface model |
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Application publication date: 20190111 |