CN103604351B - Measurement instrument and measuring method for short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact weathering off depth - Google Patents
Measurement instrument and measuring method for short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact weathering off depth Download PDFInfo
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- CN103604351B CN103604351B CN201310602357.2A CN201310602357A CN103604351B CN 103604351 B CN103604351 B CN 103604351B CN 201310602357 A CN201310602357 A CN 201310602357A CN 103604351 B CN103604351 B CN 103604351B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement instrument and its measuring method for short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact rock surface weathering off depth for this, the measurement instrument includes measuring bent plate and dial gauge, the measurement bent plate and dial gauge are used in conjunction with each other, the dial gauge includes dial plate, axle journal, measuring staff, gauge head, the gauge head is foremost, measuring staff, axle journal, dial plate is successively backward, the measurement bent plate is cylindrical, some gaging holes are opened up on the measurement bent plate, the lower edge for measuring bent plate is fixedly connected with supporting construction, the supporting construction lower end is mutually fixedly connected with being embedded in the Short bolt on ground, it is fixed on the axle journal to survey support, it is described to survey the arc-shaped surface that the outer surface held in the palm is in indent, have accuracy in measurement high after being measured using the measurement instrument, scene is adaptable, the advantages of measuring point accurate positioning and higher site density.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement instrument for short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact rock surface weathering off depth and its survey
Amount method.
Background technology
For all kinds of stone cultural artifacts(Including short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact)For, the peeling that rock surface is produced by weathering
Depth is historical relic's protection worker and the one of concern big problem of engineering geology scientific researcher, because the surface of stone cultural artifact
Weathering off degree and its correlative study will be related to the digital preservation problem of the stone cultural artifact manufactured by ancient times craftsman.Consider
The drum type brake weathering off depth measurement instrument of the present invention is designed for short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact, it is necessary to lift this kind of stone matter
The example of historical relic is illustrated:In many stone cultural artifacts of China, there is a class that there is the stone cultural artifact of short cylindrical shape appearance, its
Antique value is often very high, for example, collected the stone lamp stand in the southern Confucian temple in Quzhou City of Zhejiang Province(See Fig. 1)Deng.It should be understood that by
It is less in the concern in the past to above-mentioned short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact digital preservation problem, so relevant this kind of stone cultural artifact both at home and abroad
The prior art that weathering off depth is measured seldom, but stills need the wherein available prior art of summary and disabled similar skill
Art, to deepen the demonstration of the background proposed to instrument of the present invention.
If for the existing measurement technology of stone cultural artifact surface rock weathering off depth, can only lift such as Fig. 2 institutes
The horizontal stripe cellular type draw point shown measures method and orifice plate type rock surface roughness mechanical measuring apparatus as shown in Figure 3.The former is
Sancho etc. peels off a kind of of depth design for measurement Spain somewhere sandstone surface because caused by long-term weathering and measures dress
Put:They are mounted with 6 horizontal stripes in the same plane on vertical rack(See Fig. 2), allow the outer surface of each horizontal stripe to constitute
One relative plane.In addition, being evenly distributed 10 gaging holes in every horizontal stripe, pitch of holes is 50mm, to accurately determine survey
Position of the point in tested plane.The area of these gaging holes covering is about 0.165m2.During measurement, designer will be with graduated
Draw point is inserted perpendicularly into these above-mentioned gaging holes, to measure between the tested measuring point that each horizontal stripe outer surface is touched to draw point top
Relative level distance.The relative level distance measured further according to each gaging hole relative position in the plane and by each gaging hole, really
The weathering off depth of fixed each measuring point rock surface, foundation is provided for the determination of depth of weathering.According to the experience of author, this method
Measurement sensitivity be not above 0.5mm.According to analyzing the method for measurement, advantage is directly perceived, conveniently, but at least 3 points deficiencies
Place:First, draw point accuracy in measurement is relatively low.Either in theory or in actual measurement, the measurement of described draw point insertion method
Precision will be less than its sensitivity 0.5mm, and this is obviously relatively low for rock surface weathering off depth;Second, it will be difficult to protect
6 installed horizontal stripes of card are in together in a plane, and this deficiency would be possible to further reduce accuracy in measurement;3rd,
If mishandling, in the horizontal stripe of 6 measurements of setting, it is easy to cause measurand --- the damage of historical relic.The latter is
A kind of measuring equipment that Zhang Zhongjian etc. designs to measure Quzhou and Pingyao Old City Wall rock building block weathering off depth(See figure
3).The advantage of the quasi-instrument is that accuracy in measurement is higher(Its sensitivity and precision respectively reach 0.1mm and 0.03mm), and at data
Reason is convenient etc., but maximum shortcoming be then the plate glass that it is used area namely both sides area it is too small(Typically not greater than
0.1m2), it is difficult to it is suitable for area larger quantities and surveys object.But be also pointed out that, it is above-mentioned both can be used for weathering off depth dose
The technology of survey, can only be suitable for the substantially planar measurement object of appearance global shape, but still cannot be used for meaning of the invention
The stone cultural artifact in short cylindrical shape Correlated Case with ARMA Measurement.The summary of similar techniques is perhaps can be described as about both, can be helped
We further appreciate that the technical background that this invention is proposed, it is investigated that being used as the stone cultural artifact weathering off available for short cylindrical shape
The existing measurement technology of depth mainly has the impression technique of soft-plastic material.Yang Zhi methods et al. once use specially treated soft plastic
Material --- plasticine carries out stamp to stone cultural artifacts such as Handan Xiang Tangsi ancient stone tablets, deep with the weathering off for measuring related stone tablet
Degree.This technology can also be used for above-mentioned short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact(The stone lamp stand of the southern Confucian temple in Quzhou for example shown in Fig. 1)It is local
Weathering off depth measurement.Actual measurement shows that this technology is, with easy to operate, to measure cost low excellent
Point, but weak point also has at 2 points:First accuracy in measurement is not high(Normally no higher than 0.5mm);Second, once measure involved
Measuring surface very little(Typically not greater than 20cm2), otherwise will further reduce accuracy in measurement.Just because of involved by this kind of method
The usual very little of measuring surface, so the weathering off depth for being not only suitable for the stone cultural artifact that integral surface is shaped as plane is measured,
The corresponding measurement of above-mentioned cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact is shaped as available for integral surface, but for the latter, it is difficult to complete cylindrical shape
The measurement of stone cultural artifact integral surface weathering off depth.
Invention one kind is sought after it can be seen from analysis more than dedicated for various cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact rock surface wind
Change and peel off the instrument that depth is measured.So the measurement object of the present invention is the circular arc rock table of the stone cultural artifact in short cylindrical shape
The weathering off depth in face.Investigated according to existing correlation technique both at home and abroad, it is believed that what this petition was proposed is directed to short
The drum type brake weathering off depth measurement instrument that cylindrical stone cultural artifact rock surface weathering off depth is measured is new proposes
A technology.
The content of the invention
In view of the need for being measured in the weathering off depth of the circular arc rock surface of the stone cultural artifact of short cylindrical shape, this hair
It is bright to propose a kind of drum type brake weathering of the weathering off depth of the circular arc rock surface available for short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact
Peel off depth measurement instrument and its method for measurement.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:Including measuring bent plate and dial gauge, the measurement bent plate and hundred
Point table is used in conjunction with each other, and the dial gauge includes dial plate, axle journal, measuring staff, gauge head, and the gauge head is foremost, measuring staff, axle
Successively backward, the measurement bent plate is cylindrical for neck, dial plate, and some gaging holes, the measurement bent plate are opened up on the measurement bent plate
Lower edge be fixedly connected with supporting construction, the supporting construction lower end is mutually fixedly connected with being embedded in the Short bolt on ground, described
Fixed on axle journal to survey support, the outer surface of the survey support is in the arc-shaped surface of indent.
Preferably, the supporting construction includes clamping plate, connecting bolt, the upper end of the clamping plate sets upper installing hole, institute
State upper installing hole by fixing bolt with measuring the bent plate mounting hole that bent plate lower edge is set to be connected, the clamping plate bottom is separated
If narrow slot, the connecting bolt tack insertion narrow slot of the connecting bolt, the lower end of the clamping plate sets lower mounting hole, the lower peace
Dress hole is connected by fixing bolt with the mounting hole set on connecting bolt tack.
Preferably, the supporting construction has 3, it is 120 ° between neighbouring support structure.
Preferably, some extension bars are connected between the gauge head and measuring staff, the side compressed between the extension bar using screw thread
Formula is connected.
Preferably, it is columnar poly (methyl methacrylate) plate to measure bent plate.
Preferably, the gaging hole is in a row evenly distributed.
The measuring method of described measurement instrument, including step one, will measure bent plate and are enclosed on stone cultural artifact to be measured and lead to
Cross supporting construction and be fixed on ground, it is ensured that measure bent plate vertical central axis consistent with the vertical central axis of stone cultural artifact;Step
Two, the measuring staff insertion of dial gauge is measured into the gaging hole of bent plate so that survey support and fitted with measuring bent plate;Step 3, by dial gauge
Gauge head hold out against the point of tested stone cultural artifact prediction, read the data of the dial plate of dial gauge, record;Step 4, is measured every successively
One gaging hole, obtains one group of data, and tested stone cultural artifact weathering off depth is learnt through computer analysis.
The present invention is a kind of amount specifically designed for above-mentioned this kind of short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact rock surface weathering off depth
The drum type brake mechanical measuring apparatus surveyed and designed(See Fig. 4).Institute during it is saved with the present invention about the technical background one of specification part
The domestic and international prior art stated is compared, with advantages below:(1)Due at home and abroad can be used for stone cultural artifact rock surface weathering
Peel off in the various existing methods of depth in addition to soft-plastic material impression technique, be essentially all to be directed to the stone with plane body surface
What the measurement of matter historical relic needed and designed, so these technologies(Such as technology shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3)Circle is cannot be used in principle
The measurement of cylindricality stone cultural artifact, and this technology newly proposed is more suitable because having taken into full account the short cylindrical shape profile of measurand
Close this kind of special measurement.On the new accuracy in measurement problem for proposing technology, due to used in this technology being one engineered
Dial gauge, the measurement instrument measurement accuracy used in the technology is higher(Estimation is up to 0.05mm), far above above-mentioned soft-plastic material print
The precision of mould technology;(2)Measuring point is using the Short bolt being embedded on measurand peripheral ground and is distributed in cartridge type measurement song
What the gaging hole on plate was positioned, and the gauge head of dial gauge just injects gaging hole, and hold out against measuring point and immovable, improve by
The positioning precision of measuring point;(3)In the adaptability of field measurement, the live adaptability of instrument of the present invention is stronger, instrument
Cost it is relatively low.Wherein main parts size(Such as engineered dial gauge and cylindrical shape measure bent plate)It is reusable;
(4)Because the measuring equipment is that critical piece cylindrical shape is measured bent plate using the special survey seat of the compositions such as Short bolt to fix not
It is dynamic, but can easily dismount(Install, pulled down when not measuring when measuring, make scene is tight to stay 3 short anchors for being embedded to earth's surface
Bar).So allow the weathering off depth periodically to historical relic to carry out timely monitor, and accordingly to the stone cultural artifact in specific environment
Under rate of weathering make accurate estimation, this is that method and above-mentioned soft-plastic material impression technique shown in Fig. 3 is difficult to accomplish
's.
The present invention has accuracy in measurement high, and scene is adaptable, the advantages of measuring point accurate positioning and higher site density.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stone lamp stand of short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact Typical Representative(Positioned at the southern Confucian temple in Quzhou);
Fig. 2 is that Sancho etc. measures method measurement Spain somewhere sandstone weathering off depth using horizontal stripe cellular type draw point
Scene photograph;
Fig. 3 is a national inventing patent technology-orifice plate type rock surface roughness mechanical measuring of the developments such as Zhang Zhongjian
Instrument;
Fig. 4 is the top view of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of dial gauge of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the expanded schematic diagram that cylindrical shape measures bent plate(Note:Left bounding lines AB is the same line in figure);
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of clamping plate;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of connecting bolt.
1 is shallow bore hole in figure, and 2 be mortar, and 3 be Short bolt, and 4 be connecting bolt, and 5 be ground, and 6 be connecting bolt tack, and 7 are
Clamping plate, 8 be fixing bolt, and 9 be hold-doun nut, and 10 be to measure bent plate, and 11 be stone lamp stand, and 12 be gauge head, and 13 be extension bar, and 14 be to survey
Bar, 15 be axle journal, and 16 be to survey support, and 17 be dial plate, and 18 be gaging hole, and 19 be bent plate mounting hole, and 20 be upper installing hole, and 21 be narrow slot,
22 be lower mounting hole, and 23 be mounting hole.
Embodiment
Below against accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated in conjunction with the embodiments.
A kind of embodiment 1, measurement instrument for short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact weathering off depth mainly includes cylindrical shape amount
Bent plate 10, dial gauge, supporting construction are surveyed, cylindrical shape measures bent plate 10 and is used in conjunction with each other with dial gauge, it is circle to measure bent plate 10
The poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of tubular, cylindrical shape measures and some gaging holes 18 is opened up on bent plate 10, and gaging hole 18 is in a row evenly distributed.Supporting construction
Including clamping plate 7, connecting bolt 4(From the connecting bolt being of convenient length), the upper end of clamping plate 7 sets upper installing hole 20, upper to install
Hole 20 is connected by fixing bolt 8 with measuring the bent plate mounting hole 19 that the lower edge of bent plate 10 is set, and the bottom of clamping plate 7 separately sets narrow
Groove 21, the insertion narrow slot 21 of connecting bolt tack 6 of connecting bolt 4, the lower end of clamping plate 7 sets lower mounting hole 22, lower mounting hole 22
It is connected by fixing bolt 8 with the mounting hole 23 set on connecting bolt tack 6, supporting construction has 3, phase in the present embodiment
It is 120 ° between adjacent supporting construction(I.e. corresponding clamping plate 7, connecting bolt 4 each 3, the matching increase of the grade of fixing bolt 8), connect spiral shell
Bolt 4 is with being embedded in ground correct position(Water of the i.e. selected each position from the vertical center axis of short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact to be measured
Put down apart from substantially the same)On Short bolt 3 be connected, and will be inserted in by means of them outside short cylindrical stone cultural artifact to be measured
Cylindrical shape measure bent plate 10 fix on the ground.The present invention is changed to the existing range bought for 50mm dial gauge
Make, it includes dial plate 17, axle journal 15, measuring staff 14, gauge head 12, in order to further improve the accuracy in measurement of instrument, will not using glue
The outer surface of rust steel making is fixed in a part of length of the axle journal 15 of dial gauge in the survey support 16 of the arc-shaped surface of indent,
And make its remainder exposed, furthermore it is also possible to according to the position of specific measuring point, increase extension bar 13, extension bar 13 can be one
Connected between root, two or many, many piece-root grafting bars 13 by the way of screw thread compression, and connecting length when ensureing to measure every time
Identical, the present embodiment 1 is connected to a piece-root grafting bar 13, and gauge head 12 is foremost, and extension bar 13, measuring staff 14, axle journal 15, dial plate 17 are successively
Backward.
The installation process of the invention is mainly included the following steps that:The first step, the short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact for treating measurement enters
Row geometrical analysis, determines its axial symmetry axle(I.e. through its circular horizontal cross section home position upright wires);Second step,
Bent plate expanded view is measured from the cylindrical shape shown in Fig. 7, it can be seen that the measurement bent plate arranges multiple rows of gaging hole and 3 groups(Every group 2
Hole)6 bent plate mounting holes.Respectively it is separated by 120 ° between this 3 suite plate mounting hole;3rd step, by means of fixing bolt and fixed spiral shell
Cap, and 3 clamping plates are respectively arranged on bent plate mounting hole by the upper installing hole of clamping plate;4th step, will install 3 clamping plates
Cylindrical shape measure bent plate be enclosed on stone cultural artifact stone lamp stand to be measured, make it longitudinally asymmetric axle and stone cultural artifact longitudinal direction
Symmetry axis is consistent;5th step, by means of fixing bolt and hold-doun nut, the lower peace of 3 isometric connecting bolts and clamping plate
Dress hole is connected;6th step, according to the marginal position for determining cylindrical shape measurement bent plate, makes 3 connecting bolts on ground
Particular location, to bury Short bolt;7th step, by means of jackhammer or manual grooving mode, in the embedded Short bolt made
It is each on position to beat next shallow bore hole 1, and 3 tapped Short bolts are embedded in shallow bore hole respectively with mortar 2, and consolidated
It is fixed;8th step, the height of the lower edge of bent plate from the ground is measured according to each row's gaging hole, cylindrical shape on bent plate is measured positioned at cylindrical shape
Degree, and stone lamp stand detected part height, the suitable 3 isometric connecting bolts of designated length;9th step, connecting bolt is public
It is threaded into the box thread of Short bolt, then connecting bolt tack is directed at the lower mounting hole of clamping plate, makes connecting bolt tack accurate
Really insert in narrow slot, the lower mounting hole for making their connecting bolt mounting hole be aligned on clamping plate allows fixing bolt to pass through each peace
Hole is filled, then is fixed with hold-doun nut;If connecting bolt tack can not be inserted in narrow slot exactly because of processing or alignment error, or
Inserting the lower mounting hole of rear plate, the mounting hole on connecting bolt tack can not in a straight line, then can be using pouring mortar
Relation is solved between fine setting connecting bolt and the box thread of Short bolt before.
During measurement, dial indicator measuring head, extension bar, measuring staff are inserted in some gaging hole that cylindrical shape measures bent plate together, make hundred
Divide the exposed parts of table axle journal to be also inserted into the gaging hole, and the arc surface curved surface of survey support is adjacent to the appearance that cylindrical shape measures bent plate
Face, allows gauge head to hold out against certain measuring point of tested stone cultural artifact.In this state, the data read from dial plate are that cylindrical shape is measured
The outer surface of bent plate is to the relative distance between tested stone lamp stand point.In this way, measuring each gaging hole successively, one group can be measured
Data.
Utilize special computer software(Excel, sufer etc.)Measured object table will be depicted as to the data that each gaging hole is surveyed
Face is because of the depth of weathering off.If necessary, also the posterior a certain moment identical measure can be carried out.In theory, for quilt
The difference of the metric data twice of the same observation station of survey(Latter data subtract previous data), divided by this period twice length
Degree, so that it may know the average weathering speed of the period of the measuring point under residing microenvironment.
Listed above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, it is clear that the invention is not restricted to above example.This area
All deformations that those of ordinary skill directly can export or associate from present disclosure, all should belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of measurement instrument for short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact weathering off depth, including bent plate and dial gauge are measured, it is described
Measure bent plate and dial gauge is used in conjunction with each other, the dial gauge includes dial plate, axle journal, measuring staff, gauge head, and the gauge head is before most
End, measuring staff, axle journal, dial plate are successively backward, it is characterised in that the measurement object of the measurement instrument is the circular arc rock of stone cultural artifact
Surface, the measurement bent plate is cylindrical, opens up some gaging holes on the measurement bent plate, the lower edge of the measurement bent plate is fixed
Connected support structure, the supporting construction lower end is mutually fixedly connected with being embedded in the Short bolt on ground, fixed on the axle journal to survey
Support, described to survey the arc-shaped surface that the outer surface held in the palm is in indent, the supporting construction includes clamping plate, connecting bolt, the clamping plate
Upper end set upper installing hole, the upper installing hole pass through fixing bolt with measure bent plate lower edge setting bent plate mounting hole phase
Connection, the clamping plate bottom separately sets narrow slot, the connecting bolt tack insertion narrow slot of the connecting bolt, the lower end of the clamping plate
Lower mounting hole is set, and the lower mounting hole is connected by fixing bolt with the mounting hole set on connecting bolt tack, described
Supporting construction has 3, is 120 ° between neighbouring support structure, some extension bars, the extension bar are connected between the gauge head and measuring staff
Between connected by the way of screw thread compression, measurements bent plate is columnar poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, and the gaging hole is in a row evenly distributed.
2. a kind of measuring method of measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step one, will measure bent plate and is enclosed on
Stone cultural artifact to be measured simultaneously is fixed on ground by supporting construction, it is ensured that measure the vertical of bent plate vertical central axis and stone cultural artifact
It is consistent to central shaft;Step 2, measures the gaging hole of bent plate so that survey support and be affixed with measuring bent plate by the measuring staff insertion of dial gauge
Close;Step 3, the gauge head of dial gauge is held out against the point of tested stone cultural artifact prediction, reads the data of the dial plate of dial gauge, record;
Step 4, measures each gaging hole successively, obtains one group of data, learns that tested stone cultural artifact weathering off is deep through computer analysis
Degree.
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CN201310602357.2A CN103604351B (en) | 2013-11-25 | 2013-11-25 | Measurement instrument and measuring method for short cylindrical shape stone cultural artifact weathering off depth |
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CN103604351B true CN103604351B (en) | 2017-09-19 |
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CN2210380Y (en) * | 1994-06-18 | 1995-10-18 | 刘根社 | Multi parameter measuring frame for column roller |
CN2240710Y (en) * | 1995-09-08 | 1996-11-20 | 哈尔滨铁路分局哈尔滨车辆段 | Depth tester for article surface defect |
CN101514885A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-26 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Orifice plate type rock surface roughness mechanical measuring apparatus |
CN203216434U (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-25 | 丹阳市万隆铸造有限公司 | Meter used for measuring depth of step hole |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2006334299A (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2006-12-14 | Nishikawa Sangyo Kk | Human body dimension measuring method and device using pin slide device |
JP5552925B2 (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2014-07-16 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Tire wear measurement system |
CN103162604B (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2016-07-06 | 长沙理工大学 | Real-time testing device and method for volume deformation of cement-based composite material after hardening |
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- 2013-11-25 CN CN201310602357.2A patent/CN103604351B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2210380Y (en) * | 1994-06-18 | 1995-10-18 | 刘根社 | Multi parameter measuring frame for column roller |
CN2240710Y (en) * | 1995-09-08 | 1996-11-20 | 哈尔滨铁路分局哈尔滨车辆段 | Depth tester for article surface defect |
CN101514885A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-26 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Orifice plate type rock surface roughness mechanical measuring apparatus |
CN203216434U (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-25 | 丹阳市万隆铸造有限公司 | Meter used for measuring depth of step hole |
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