CN110579160B - Tension crack depth and width measuring device and application thereof - Google Patents
Tension crack depth and width measuring device and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110579160B CN110579160B CN201910966310.1A CN201910966310A CN110579160B CN 110579160 B CN110579160 B CN 110579160B CN 201910966310 A CN201910966310 A CN 201910966310A CN 110579160 B CN110579160 B CN 110579160B
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- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims description 31
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 claims description 31
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tension crack depth and width measuring device and application thereof, and relates to a measuring device. The invention is portable, flexible and simple to operate, not only can directly measure the depth and the width of the tension fracture, but also can directly measure the height difference at two sides of the tension fracture, and quantitatively analyze the change rule of the tension fracture through continuous measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring device, in particular to a tension crack depth and width measuring device and application thereof.
Background
Due to the continuous exploitation of various underground mineral resources, various types and different degrees of surface deformation phenomena are generated on the surface, wherein tension cracks are a common surface deformation phenomenon in mining areas. The generation of tensile cracks often causes serious geological environment problems such as aggravation of water and soil loss, reduction of shallow surface water level, damage to roads and buildings, and the like, and is widely focused by people.
The geological environment influence of the tension fracture is greatly influenced by the depth and the width of the tension fracture, so that the research on the depth and the width of the tension fracture is an important aspect of the research on the development characteristics and the environment influence of the tension fracture. The current measuring method for the depth and the width of the tension fracture mainly comprises a geophysical detection method and a direct measurement method, wherein the geophysical detection method is adopted and a large amount of instruments and equipment are needed, so that time and labor are wasted in measurement; the direct measurement method is mainly used for measuring the surface width of the crack, the measurement of the width of the deep part of the crack is inaccurate, the precision is low, and meanwhile, the depth measurement is often limited. The tension crack depth and width measuring device provided by the invention can measure the depth and width of the tension crack simply, rapidly and accurately.
The research result shows that the tension fracture is generally triangular in section, one side and two angles are determined according to the triangle basic theory, a unique triangle can be obtained, the basic principle can be used for accurately describing the section morphology of the tension fracture by measuring the widths of the tension fracture at different depths and by a drawing method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a tension fracture depth and width measuring device and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of complicated tension fracture measuring method, high cost and the like in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a tension crack depth and width measuring device which comprises two groups of supporting components, wherein each supporting component consists of a foot rest, a base arranged at the top of the foot rest, a vertical rod detachably arranged at the top of the base, a first leveling device, a horizontal rod with two ends respectively sleeved on the vertical rod and adjustable in height, two measuring rods with top ends slidably arranged on the horizontal rod, and a second leveling device arranged on the horizontal rod.
Further, the vertical rod and the horizontal rod are provided with scales, and the scales are accurate to 1mm.
Further, the foot rest is specifically an adjustable support, and the vertical rod is vertically and in threaded installation at the top of the base.
Further, a sliding groove for sliding the top ends of the two measuring rods is formed in the top of the horizontal rod.
Further, the two measuring rods are respectively composed of an upper hook and a lower half cone, the top of each hook is hung in the chute and can slide in the chute, a complete cone can be formed after the two half cones are bonded, each half cone is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the hook, and the vertical wall of each measuring rod is a vertical surface after being hung on a horizontal rod which is horizontally arranged.
Further, two ends of the horizontal rod are movably connected with the corresponding vertical rods through butterfly bolts respectively.
Further, the vertical rod, the horizontal rod, the base and the measuring rod are all made of light stainless steel.
Further, a cylindrical rubber protective sleeve which is used for sleeving the bottom tip of the complete cone and is butterfly-shaped in overlook is also arranged, a groove for accommodating the bottom tip of the complete cone is formed in the center of the top of the rubber protective sleeve, a half groove which can accommodate half rubber protective sleeves is formed in each half cone vertical wall, and when two ends of the rubber protective sleeve are respectively arranged in the corresponding half grooves, two half cones are tightly attached to form the complete cone.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the deep width of the tension fracture by using the tension fracture deep width measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, respectively arranging two foot frames on two sides of a stretching crack, respectively installing corresponding bases, and adjusting the corresponding foot frames according to corresponding first leveling devices to enable the tops of the two bases to reach a horizontal state;
step 2, respectively installing corresponding vertical rods on the two leveled bases, then installing horizontal rods on the two vertical rods, leveling through a second leveling device, and hanging the two measuring rods on the horizontal rods;
step 3, reading the height difference delta H of the corresponding scales at the two ends of the horizontal rod at the moment to obtain the height difference at the two sides of the tension fracture;
Step 4, selecting any vertical rod as a reference rod;
Step 5, adjusting the horizontal height of the horizontal rod, reading the scale H on the corresponding reference rod, adjusting the two measuring rods to be in contact with the two side walls of the tension fracture respectively, and reading the difference DeltaL of the scales on the corresponding horizontal rod at the top of the two measuring rods to obtain the width DeltaL of the tension fracture at the H position;
and 6, repeating the step 5 to obtain the width delta L of the tensile fracture under different scales H, and obtaining the tensile fracture development data.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
Step 7, calibrating
The two ends of the rubber protective sleeve are respectively embedded in the corresponding half grooves to enable the two half cones to be tightly attached to form a complete cone, the horizontal height of the horizontal rod is adjusted to any measured H position, the complete cone is slid to enable the complete cone to be respectively contacted with the side wall of the stretching crack, then the scale difference delta L on the corresponding horizontal rod is read, the difference between the measured delta L and the measured delta L corresponding to the two half cones at the moment is obtained, and whether the difference is in an error range is judged.
The invention provides a tension crack depth and width measuring device and application thereof, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The equipment has simple structure and convenient operation;
(2) The measurement efficiency is improved by arranging two semi-conical bodies;
(3) By arranging the rubber protective sleeve, on one hand, the storage of equipment after the equipment is disassembled is facilitated, the safety of the equipment is improved, and on the other hand, the two half cones can be combined into a complete half cone by matching the half cone with the half groove, so that the aim of accurate calibration can be realized, and data errors are avoided;
(4) The equipment has low manufacturing cost, is convenient to carry and is convenient to popularize and apply.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tensile crack depth and width measuring device;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a rubber boot and half groove.
In the figure: 1. a foot rest; 2. a base; 3. a vertical rod; 4. a first leveling device; 5. a horizontal bar; 6. a measuring rod; 7. a second leveling device; 8. a hook; 9. a half cone; 10. a rubber protective sleeve; 11. semi-groove
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a more complete description of the present application will be provided below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is evident that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the term "comprising" in the description of the application and in the claims is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a method that comprises a sequence of steps is not necessarily limited to those steps that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps not explicitly listed or inherent to such method. Embodiments of the application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Examples
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, a tension crack depth and width measuring device is provided, where the measuring device includes two sets of support components, each support component is composed of a foot stand 1, a base 2 installed at the top of the foot stand 1, a vertical rod 3 detachably installed at the top of the base 2, and a first leveling device 4, and further includes a height-adjustable horizontal rod 5 with two ends respectively sleeved on the vertical rod 3, two measuring rods 6 with top ends slidably installed on the horizontal rod 5, and a second leveling device 7 installed on the horizontal rod 5.
Through the arrangement, the foot rest 1 can effectively support the base 2 and other parts mounted on the base 2, the corresponding foot rest 1 is adjusted according to the first leveling device 4 (in the embodiment, the first leveling device 4 and the second leveling device 7 are all horizontal bubbles) at the top of the base 2, so that the top of the base 2 can be adjusted to be in a horizontal state, and the foot rest 1 can be effectively maintained in the horizontal state after being fixed;
After the two vertical rods 3 are respectively installed, the two ends of the horizontal rod 5 are respectively sleeved on the two vertical rods 3, the heights of the two ends are adjusted according to the second leveling device 7 on the two vertical rods to enable the two ends to be in a horizontal state and then locked, the horizontal rod 5 can be effectively kept horizontal, and then after the two measuring rods 6 are hung, equipment assembly and leveling are completed.
In particular, in the present embodiment, in order to facilitate reading and measuring of data, graduations are provided on both the vertical rod 3 and the horizontal rod 5, and are accurate to 1mm.
By the arrangement, the measurement data can be read in real time.
In particular, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the leveling of the base 2, the foot stand 1 is embodied as an adjustable bracket, and the vertical rod 3 is vertically and threadedly mounted on top of the base 2.
Through the arrangement, the base 2 can be effectively adjusted, the vertical rod 3 can be effectively detached, and the equipment is convenient to carry and debug;
the adjustable support can be specifically an A-frame made of a plurality of adjustable telescopic rods.
In particular, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate adjustment of the positions of the measuring bars 6 and to avoid errors during sliding, the top of the horizontal bar 5 is provided with a chute for sliding the top ends of the two measuring bars 6.
Through the arrangement, the top ends of the two measuring rods 6 can directionally slide in the sliding groove, so that operation errors are avoided;
in particular, in the present embodiment, in order to further improve the accuracy and precision of the measurement data, both the measurement bars 6 are set to the following structure:
The measuring device is characterized by comprising an upper hook 8 and a lower half cone 9, wherein the top of each hook 8 is hung in a chute and can slide in the chute, a complete cone can be formed after the two half cones 9 are attached, each half cone 9 is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the hook 8, and the surface of the vertical wall of each measuring rod 6 is a vertical surface after the measuring rod is hung on a horizontal rod 5 which is horizontally arranged.
Through the arrangement, the semi-conical body 9 is arranged in a thick and thin manner, so that the tip of the semi-conical body is downward, and the semi-conical body is in contact with the surface in the use process, so that the purpose of improving the data accuracy is realized;
Through the arrangement, the semi-cone 9 is rotatably connected with the corresponding hook 8, so that the semi-cone 9 can rotate, and further when the tensile fracture is elongated, the vertical surface of the semi-cone can face the tensile fracture side wall by rotating the semi-cone 9, so that the phenomenon that the tip cannot be contacted with a measuring point due to the existence of a certain width of the semi-cone (namely, the defect that the corresponding data cannot be measured due to the fact that the upper part of the semi-cone is contacted with the tensile fracture side wall and the bottom of the semi-cone is not contacted when the curved surface faces the tensile fracture side wall) is avoided, the purpose of effectively obtaining accurate data in various environments is realized, and the application range of equipment is improved;
and the surface of the vertical wall of each measuring rod 6 is a vertical surface after the measuring rods are hung on the horizontal rods 5 which are horizontally arranged, so that the data measured at the tip of the semi-conical body 9 can accurately reflect the real tension fracture data.
In particular, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate adjustment of the horizontal height of the horizontal rod 5, two ends of the horizontal rod 5 are movably connected with the corresponding vertical rods 3 through butterfly bolts, respectively.
In particular, in the present embodiment, in order to facilitate carrying of the apparatus and at the same time to improve the service life of the apparatus, the vertical rod 3, the horizontal rod 5, the base 2, and the measuring rod 6 are all made of lightweight stainless steel.
In particular, in this embodiment, in order to enable two half-cone 9 to be tightly attached when attaching, and simultaneously to be convenient for transport after equipment is disassembled, the tip of the half-cone 9 is avoided from hurting people, a cylindrical rubber protection sleeve 10 which is used for sleeving the tip of the bottom of the complete cone and is butterfly-shaped in overlook is further provided, a groove for accommodating the tip of the bottom of the complete cone is formed in the center of the top of the rubber protection sleeve 10, a half groove 11 which can accommodate one half of the rubber protection sleeve 10 is formed in the vertical wall of each half-cone 9, and when two ends of the rubber protection sleeve 10 are respectively arranged in the corresponding half grooves 11, the two half-cone 9 are tightly attached to form the complete cone.
Particularly, as can be seen from fig. 2, in this embodiment, the cross section of the rubber protection sleeve 10 is butterfly-shaped, the two corresponding half grooves 11 are also butterfly-shaped after being combined, when two half cones 9 need to be attached, only one end of the rubber protection sleeve 10 needs to be plugged into the corresponding half groove 11, under the action of the butterfly-shaped, one end of the plugged rubber protection sleeve 10 can be automatically expanded towards the direction away from the outlet by means of self elasticity, so that one end of the plugged rubber protection sleeve 10 can be tightly embedded into the corresponding half groove 11, then the other half groove 11 is extruded to the other end of the rubber protection sleeve 10, so that the other end of the rubber protection sleeve 10 is extruded into the other half groove 11, and under the action of the butterfly-shaped, both ends of the rubber protection sleeve 10 can be automatically extruded into the corresponding half groove 11, so that the two half cones 9 face each other, and finally the purpose of tightly attaching is achieved.
Example 2
In this example, a method for measuring the depth and width of a tension crack using the apparatus of example 1 is provided, the method comprising the steps of:
Step 1, respectively arranging two foot frames 1 on two sides of a stretching crack, respectively installing corresponding bases 2, and adjusting the corresponding foot frames 1 according to corresponding first leveling devices 4 to enable the tops of the two bases 2 to reach a horizontal state;
step 2, respectively installing corresponding vertical rods 3 on the two leveled bases 2, then installing horizontal rods 5 on the two vertical rods 3, leveling through a second leveling device 7, and hanging two measuring rods 6 on the horizontal rods 5;
step 3, reading the height difference delta H of the corresponding scales at the two ends of the horizontal rod 5 at the moment to obtain the height difference at the two sides of the tension fracture;
Step 4, selecting any vertical rod 3 as a reference rod;
Step 5, adjusting the horizontal height of the horizontal rod 5, reading the scale H on the corresponding reference rod, adjusting the two measuring rods 6 to be respectively contacted with the two side walls of the tension fracture, and reading the difference delta L of the scales on the corresponding horizontal rod 5 at the tops of the two measuring rods 6 to obtain the width delta L of the tension fracture at the H position;
and 6, repeating the step 5 to obtain the width delta L of the tensile fracture under different scales H, and obtaining the tensile fracture development data.
Step 7, calibrating
The two ends of the rubber protective sleeve 10 are respectively embedded in the corresponding half grooves 11 to enable the two half cones 9 to be tightly attached to form a complete cone, the horizontal height of the horizontal rod 5 is adjusted to any measured H position, the complete cone is slid to enable the complete cone to be respectively contacted with the side wall of the stretching crack, then the scale difference delta L on the corresponding horizontal rod 5 is read, the difference between the measured delta L and the measured delta L corresponding to the two half cones 9 at the moment is obtained, and whether the difference is in an error range is judged.
The method realizes the effective acquisition of the tension fracture data, and simultaneously realizes the effective verification of the authenticity of the data and improves the accuracy of the data by combining the two half conical bodies 9 and calibrating.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not limited to the above description of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should not make any improvements and modifications based on the present invention without inventive effort.
Claims (6)
1. The tension crack depth and width measuring device is characterized by comprising two groups of supporting components, wherein each supporting component consists of a foot rest (1), a base (2) arranged at the top of the foot rest (1), a vertical rod (3) detachably arranged at the top of the base (2) and a first leveling device (4), and the tension crack depth and width measuring device is further provided with a horizontal rod (5) which is sleeved on one vertical rod (3) at two ends and has adjustable height, two measuring rods (6) with top ends slidably arranged on the horizontal rod (5) and a second leveling device (7) arranged on the horizontal rod (5);
the two measuring rods (6) are respectively composed of an upper hook (8) and a lower half-cone (9), the top of each hook (8) is hung in a chute and can slide in the chute, the two half-cones (9) can form a complete cone after being attached, each half-cone (9) is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the hook (8), and the surface of the vertical wall of each measuring rod (6) is a vertical surface after being hung on a horizontal rod (5) which is horizontally arranged;
the cylindrical rubber protection sleeve (10) is used for sleeving the bottom tip of the complete cone and takes a butterfly shape in overlook, a groove for accommodating the bottom tip of the complete cone is formed in the center of the top of the rubber protection sleeve (10), a half groove (11) capable of accommodating one half of the rubber protection sleeve (10) is formed in the vertical wall of each half cone (9), and when two ends of the rubber protection sleeve (10) are respectively arranged in the corresponding half grooves (11), the two half cones (9) are tightly attached to form the complete cone;
the method for measuring the deep and wide of the stretching crack by using the stretching crack deep and wide measuring device comprises the following steps:
Step 1, respectively arranging two foot frames (1) on two sides of a stretching crack, respectively installing corresponding bases (2), and adjusting the corresponding foot frames (1) according to corresponding first leveling devices (4) to enable the tops of the two bases (2) to reach a horizontal state;
Step 2, respectively installing corresponding vertical rods (3) on the two leveled bases (2), then installing horizontal rods (5) on the two vertical rods (3) and leveling through a second leveling device (7), and hanging two measuring rods (6) on the horizontal rods (5);
step 3, reading the height difference delta H of the corresponding scales at the two ends of the horizontal rod (5) at the moment to obtain the height difference at the two sides of the tension fracture;
Step 4, selecting any vertical rod (3) as a reference rod;
Step 5, adjusting the horizontal height of the horizontal rod (5) and reading the scale H on the corresponding reference rod, adjusting the two measuring rods (6) to be respectively contacted with the two side walls of the tension crack, and reading the difference delta L of the scales on the horizontal rod (5) corresponding to the tops of the two measuring rods (6) to obtain the width delta L of the tension crack at the H position;
Step 6, repeating the step 5 to obtain the width delta L of the tensile fracture under different scales H, and obtaining tensile fracture development data;
Further comprises:
Step 7, calibrating
The two ends of the rubber protective sleeve (10) are respectively embedded in the corresponding semi-grooves (11) to enable the two semi-conical bodies (9) to be tightly attached to form a complete conical body, the horizontal height of the horizontal rod (5) is adjusted to any measured H position, the complete conical body is slid to enable the complete conical body to be respectively contacted with the side wall of the stretching crack, then the scale difference delta L on the corresponding horizontal rod (5) is read, the difference between the measured delta L and the measured delta L corresponding to the two semi-conical bodies (9) at the moment is obtained, and whether the difference is in an error range is judged.
2. The tension crack depth and width measuring device according to claim 1, wherein scales are arranged on the vertical rod (3) and the horizontal rod (5) and are accurate to 1mm.
3. The tension crack depth and width measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the foot rest (1) is specifically an adjustable bracket, and the vertical rod (3) is vertically and threadedly mounted on the top of the base (2).
4. A tension crack depth and width measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the top of the horizontal rod (5) is provided with a chute for sliding the top ends of the two measuring rods (6).
5. The tension crack depth and width measuring device according to claim 4, wherein two ends of the horizontal rod (5) are movably connected with the corresponding vertical rods (3) through butterfly bolts respectively.
6. The tension crack depth and width measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the vertical rod (3), the horizontal rod (5), the base (2) and the measuring rod (6) are all made of light stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910966310.1A CN110579160B (en) | 2019-10-12 | Tension crack depth and width measuring device and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910966310.1A CN110579160B (en) | 2019-10-12 | Tension crack depth and width measuring device and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110579160A CN110579160A (en) | 2019-12-17 |
| CN110579160B true CN110579160B (en) | 2024-07-02 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204188107U (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-04 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | One adopts ground fissure monitoring device |
| CN209230453U (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-08-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of geology crack measuring device with height adjusting function |
| CN210533255U (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-05-15 | 安徽理工大学 | Tension crack depth and width measuring device |
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204188107U (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-04 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | One adopts ground fissure monitoring device |
| CN209230453U (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-08-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of geology crack measuring device with height adjusting function |
| CN210533255U (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-05-15 | 安徽理工大学 | Tension crack depth and width measuring device |
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