CN103595161A - Three-phase alternating current permanent magnet synchronous generator system - Google Patents
Three-phase alternating current permanent magnet synchronous generator system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103595161A CN103595161A CN201310560193.1A CN201310560193A CN103595161A CN 103595161 A CN103595161 A CN 103595161A CN 201310560193 A CN201310560193 A CN 201310560193A CN 103595161 A CN103595161 A CN 103595161A
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-phase alternating current permanent magnet synchronous generator system which is applied to a full electric vehicle using storage batteries for power supply. The system comprises an electric generator used for providing power for the full electric vehicle and a program allocation controller used for controlling the electric generator and the storage batteries to provide power for the full electric vehicle and controlling the electric generator to charge the storage batteries, wherein a rare earth permanent magnet serves as the excitation source of the electric generator, the program allocation controller comprises an instantaneous combined power supply mode control unit and a storage battery charging control unit, the instantaneous combined power supply mode control unit is used for conducting controlling to form an instantaneous combined power supply mode with the electric generator put in the first place and the storage batteries put in the second place when an instantaneous peak current exceeds a transient short-circuit current by multiple times, and the storage battery charging control unit is used for controlling the electric generator to work at a power meeting requirements of normal operation of the electric vehicle and charge the storage batteries dynamically by means of residual electric energy of the electric generator when the full electric vehicle works at a power lower than a rated power within a period of time. The three-phase alternating current permanent magnet synchronous generator system can increase power output of the electric generator and control the electric generator to charge the storage batteries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pure electric automobile technical field, particularly relate to the extended-range technical field of generators of pure electric automobile, be specially a kind of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system.
Background technology
Pure electric automobile is to take storage battery as DC power supply, a kind of new combustion source automobile that (permanent magnetism) straight (friendship) stream motor is actuating force, motor as power source, must meet electric motor car in various actual road conditions, the needs that travel under operating mode, be reflected on driving force motor is the fluctuation variation of load, the output of motor so, input power also can change at any time, and it is not only frequent to change fluctuation, amplitude is also larger, and storage battery dedicated group of large " ampere-hour " power can meet this requirement substantially, but its maximum problem is: when specified electric quantity runs out of, therefore electric motor car will lose power.
And the distance increasing unit of exploitation is to drag dedicated three-phase alternating-current synchronous generator system by miniature gasoline engine for this reason; When the accumulator electric-quantity of pure electric automobile runs out of, alternate power storage battery and continue to electric motor car to provide power supply one covering device, works under the same conditions and travels in order to meet pure electric automobile.As the generator system in distance increasing unit, now also must meet electric motor car under actual condition and the frequency of power-driven system power and the requirement of peak change that cause, and can dump energy dynamically be charged to batteries in good time, also need to consider the restriction of the factors such as cost, volume, weight simultaneously.
And generator system of the prior art can not meet the demand.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system, for solving the requirement that generator system of the prior art cannot meet frequency and the peak change of power-driven system power, it cannot be also the problem of battery charging.
For achieving the above object and other relevant objects, the invention provides a kind of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system, be applied to adopt in the pure electric automobile of batteries power supply, described generator system comprises: generator, to pure electric automobile, provide power supply, described generator adopts rare-earth permanent magnet as excitation source; Programme distribution controller, is connected between generator and batteries, for controlling generator and batteries to pure electric automobile power supply and generator to battery charging.
In Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, described programme distribution controller comprises: instantaneous associating powering mode control unit, be connected with batteries with generator respectively, when instantaneous peak current surpasses generator transient state short-circuit current multiple, for control form take generator as main storage battery group be auxiliary instantaneous associating powering mode.
In Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, described programme distribution controller also comprises: battery charging control unit, be connected with batteries with generator respectively, when pure electric automobile at a time between section when moving under lower than rated power state, control dump energy that generator take power work when meeting electric automobile and normally moving and utilize generator and dynamically charge as described batteries.
In Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, described generator adopts Y-connection, the center line of drawing during Y-connection is connected in programme distribution controller, central point voltage third-harmonic component while utilizing Y-connection in three phase windings, improves the power output of described generator.
In Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, the rotor in described generator adopts the tangential rotor magnetic structure that has pole shoe and have poly-magnetic effect.
In Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, on the rotor in described generator, be provided with damping system magnetic structure so that transient current to the demagnetizing effect of permanent magnet the level during close to steady-state current.
In Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, in described generator, stator winding adopts four road parallel-connection structures.
In Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, the power density of described generator is 500VA/kg.
As mentioned above, Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, has following beneficial effect:
1, the generator in Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention adopts rare-earth permanent magnet can increase the output of generator power as excitation source, by adopting programme distribution controller can control voltage adjustment and instantaneous large overload capacity, when providing power supply for pure electric automobile, also can control generator to the charging of batteries.So the invention solves the requirement that generator system in prior art cannot meet frequency and the peak change of power-driven system power, it cannot be also the problem of batteries transient state charging.
2, in generator of the present invention because rotor is not established excitation winding, there is no between excitation loss and brush friction, contact loss, generally (power, rotating speed certain) its efficiency of small power generator also can reach more than 90%.
3, generator of the present invention is because adopting rare-earth permanent magnet as excitation source, so just there is not excitation winding short circuit yet, open circuit, a series of failure factors such as insulation damages, brush and slip ring loose contact, the amount of parts of while generator is corresponding being reduced also, the reliability of generator also just further gets a promotion, not only efficiency is high in the present invention simultaneously, and high efficiency section is wider, this is conducive to when load variations is larger, still can keep higher efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shown as the electrical structure schematic diagram of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is shown as the structural representation of generator in Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention.
Element numbers explanation
1 generator system
11 generators
111 cooling fans
112 rotors
113 stators
114 end caps
115 rectifier assemblies
116 capacitive filter assemblies
117 protective covers
12 programme distribution controllers
2 batteries
3 power-driven systems
31 controllers
32 motor
Embodiment
By particular specific embodiment explanation embodiments of the present invention, person skilled in the art scholar can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily by the disclosed content of this specification below.
This embodiment relates to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Notice, appended graphic the illustrated structure of this specification, ratio, size etc., equal contents in order to coordinate specification to disclose only, for person skilled in the art scholar, understand and read, not in order to limit the enforceable qualifications of the present invention, therefore the technical essential meaning of tool not, the adjustment of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size, not affecting under the effect that the present invention can produce and the object that can reach, all should still drop on disclosed technology contents and obtain in the scope that can contain.Simultaneously, in this specification, quote as " on ", the term of D score, " left side ", " right side ", " centre " and " " etc., also only for ease of understanding of narrating, but not in order to limit the enforceable scope of the present invention, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, under without essence change technology contents, when being also considered as the enforceable category of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system, cannot meet the requirement of frequency and the peak change of power-driven system power for solving generator system of the prior art, cannot be also the problem of battery charging.By describing principle and the execution mode of a kind of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention in detail, make those skilled in the art not need creative work can understand a kind of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention below.
Refer to Fig. 1, be shown as the electrical connection schematic diagram of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system, be applied to adopt in the pure electric automobile of batteries power supply, wherein, it is as follows that pure electric automobile electric parameter requires electric motor car: rated power P
n, rated current I
n, rated voltage U
n, its operating voltage range is 65%U
n～120%U
n, its overload capacity should reach following standard: 2I
nduration 3min, 3I
nduration 2min, peak-peak duration 60s; Its duty form is S2-60min.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 1, described generator system 1 comprises: generator 11 and programme distribution controller 12.Described generator system 1 connects batteries 2, batteries 2 is connected with the power-driven system 3 of pure electric automobile afterwards, in the present embodiment, and as shown in Figure 1, wherein, described power-driven system 3 comprises as the motor 32 of power source and the controller 31 of these motor 32 operations of control.
In the present embodiment, described generator 11 is direct current output.
Particularly, refer to Fig. 2, be shown as the structural representation of generator 11 in Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, described generator 11 has the general structure of conventional generator, at least comprise rotor 112, the cooling fan 111 being connected with rotor 112, stator 113, end cap 114, rectifier assembly 115, capacitive filter assembly 116 and protective cover 117.
In the present embodiment, described generator 11 adopts solid rotor structure, is adapted to high-speed cruising, has very high power density.Permanent magnet generator adopts the rare-earth permanent magnet excitation of High Energy Product, it is very little that rotor 112 diameters can be done relatively, and smooth surface, a similar solid rotor electric machine, the utmost point is adapted to high-speed cruising, so this permanent magnet generator power density is very high, (power grade generally, rotating speed is certain) its power density reaches 500VA/kg, and in the present embodiment, the power density of described generator 11 is 500VA/kg.
The high efficiency realization of permanent magnet generator is because rotor is not established excitation winding, there is no friction, contact loss between excitation loss and brush.Generally (power, rotating speed certain) its power of small power generator also can reach more than 90%.
Simultaneously, not only efficiency is high for generator system 1, and high efficiency section is wider, and this is conducive to when load variations is larger, still can keep higher efficiency.This is because the impact of impedance drop and armature reaction when load increases of conventional synchronous generator is large, terminal voltage is declined severe, for keeping generator 11 terminal voltages constant, can only increase exciting current and improve gap density, iron loss and excitation steel consumption obviously increase like this, and the employing of the excitation source of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator is rare-earth permanent magnet, the high feature of coercive force in it, make armature reaction impact very little, when during load variations, air gap changes, gap density changes very littlely, and iron loss can be used as a constant parameter.
In addition, Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system in the present embodiment is because adopting rare-earth permanent magnet as excitation source, so just there is not excitation winding short circuit yet, open circuit, a series of failure factors such as insulation damages, brush and slip ring loose contact, the amount of parts of while generator 11 is corresponding being reduced also, and the reliability of generator 11 also just further gets a promotion.
According to service condition and the requirement of pure electric automobile drive motors under different road conditions and operating mode, it counts key performance requirement is inherent voltage regulation and instantaneous large overload capacity, therefore when design, should do the adjustment of systemic synthetic innovation analysis and essence.
1, inherent voltage regulation Δ U(%)
Pure electric automobile is under different road conditions, operating mode, and load variations is very large, and the change in voltage that generator 11 rotating speeds occur should remain unchanged time, its numerical value must meet the instructions for use of power-driven system 3.Inherent voltage regulation depends on the fundamental characteristics of generator 11 completely, with the percentage (per unit value) of rated voltage, represents.
ΔU＝E
0-U/U*100%；
Accordingly, in order to reduce voltage regulation, must be at given E
0in the situation of value, increase output voltage U as far as possible, that is to say and will reduce the degaussing magnetic flux that armature reaction causes, reduce again armature resistance R
1with leakage reactance X
1.In the present embodiment, the concrete measure of taking is as follows:
1) reduce the degaussing magnetic flux that armature reaction causes, should select coercive force H
cgreatly, recoil permeability μ
rlittle rare-earth permanent magnet material increases permanent magnet magnetization direction length simultaneously, is that improve working point, weakens armature reaction impact.
2) reduce the armature winding number of turn that is often in series, and increase rotor-exciting and lead to weaken the demagnetizing effect of armature reaction to permanent magnet.Select residual flux density B for this reason
rlarge rare-earth permanent magnet material, and increase the sectional area that permanent magnet provides every utmost point magnetic flux when design as far as possible, magnetic flux is obviously increased, just can effectively reduce the number of turn that is often in series.
3) reduce stator 113 leakage reactance X
1, in design, time require in principle to accomplish that stator 113 flute profiles are wide and shallow as far as possible, thereby reduce the armature winding number of turn that is often in series.
4) reduce armature resistance R
1, need to reduce be often the in series number of turn and to increase cross-sectional area of conductor long-pending of armature winding.
2, instantaneous large overload capacity (transient state short-circuit current multiple)
Pure electric automobile is when real road travels, and power-driven system 3 tends to occur instantaneous peak current, its numerical value can be rated current 3-4 doubly, if consider this factor during generator designs, be a kind of waste in fact, but this situation can not be ignored again.So will carry out system when design, consider.Concrete measure is in the present embodiment as follows.
1) in the present embodiment, rotor in described generator 11 112 adopts has tangential rotor structure pole shoe and that have poly-magnetic effect, on the rotor 112 in described generator 11, be provided with damping system magnetic structure simultaneously so that transient current to the demagnetizing effect of permanent magnet the level during close to steady-state current.
2) in the present embodiment, in described generator 11, stator winding adopts four road parallel-connection structures, can significantly reduce the heating level of generator 11, and improve instantaneous peak current.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, described programme distribution controller 12 comprises instantaneous associating powering mode control unit, be connected with batteries 2 with generator 11 respectively, when instantaneous peak current surpasses generator 11 transient state short-circuit current multiple, for control form take generator 11 as main storage battery group 2 be auxiliary instantaneous associating powering mode.
In addition, in the present embodiment, described programme distribution controller 12 also comprises batteries 2 charging control unit, be connected with batteries 2 with generator 11 respectively, when pure electric automobile at a time between section when moving under lower than rated power state, control dump energy that generator 11 take power work when meeting electric automobile and normally moving and utilize generator 11 and dynamically charge as described batteries 2.
In the present embodiment simultaneously, described generator 11 adopts Y-connection, the center line of drawing during Y-connection is connected in programme distribution controller 12, and the central point voltage third-harmonic component while utilizing Y-connection in three phase windings improves the power output of described generator 11.
Intelligent programme distribution controller 12 and generator 11 by Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system reach following object with the electric connecting relation of programme distribution controller 12.
A), when instantaneous peak current surpasses generator 11 transient state short-circuit current multiple, it is that main storage battery group 2 is auxiliary instantaneous associating powering mode that this programme distribution controller 12 distributes by generator 11 automatically.
B) when pure electric automobile at a time between section when moving under lower than electric rating state, change programme distribution controller 12 and can automatically distribute generator 11 rated power, after meeting the normal operation of electric automobile, dump energy is distributed to batteries 2 and dynamically charge.
C) utilize the central point voltage third-harmonic component in three phase windings, increase the power output 10% that improves Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator 11---15%.
In sum, Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention, has reached following beneficial effect:
1, the generator in Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system of the present invention adopts rare-earth permanent magnet can increase the output of engine power as excitation source, by adopting programme distribution controller can control voltage adjustment and instantaneous large overload capacity, when providing power supply for pure electric automobile and can control engine to the charging of batteries.So the invention solves the requirement that generator system in prior art cannot meet frequency and the peak change of power-driven system power, it cannot be also the problem of battery charging.
2, in generator of the present invention because rotor is not established excitation winding, there is no between excitation loss and brush friction, contact loss, generally (power, rotating speed certain) its power of small power generator also can reach more than 90%.
3, generator of the present invention is because adopting rare-earth permanent magnet as excitation source, so just there is not excitation winding short circuit yet, open circuit, a series of failure factors such as insulation damages, brush and slip ring loose contact, the amount of parts of while generator is corresponding being reduced also, the reliability of generator also just further gets a promotion, not only efficiency is high in the present invention simultaneously, and high efficiency section is wider, this is conducive to when load variations is larger, still can keep higher efficiency.
So the present invention has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can, under spirit of the present invention and category, modify or change above-described embodiment.Therefore, such as in affiliated technical field, have and conventionally know that the knowledgeable, not departing from all equivalence modifications that complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought or changing, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system, is applied to adopt in the pure electric automobile of batteries power supply, it is characterized in that, described generator system comprises:
Generator, provides power supply to pure electric automobile, and described generator adopts rare-earth permanent magnet as excitation source;
Programme distribution controller, is connected between generator and batteries, for controlling generator and batteries to pure electric automobile power supply and generator to battery charging.
2. Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described programme distribution controller comprises:
Instantaneous associating powering mode control unit, is connected with batteries with generator respectively, when instantaneous peak current surpasses generator transient state short-circuit current multiple, for control form take generator as main storage battery group be auxiliary instantaneous associating powering mode.
3. Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described programme distribution controller also comprises:
Battery charging control unit, be connected with batteries with generator respectively, when pure electric automobile at a time between section when moving under lower than rated power state, control dump energy that generator take power work when meeting electric automobile and normally moving and utilize generator and dynamically charge as described batteries.
4. Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described generator adopts Y-connection, the center line of drawing during Y-connection is connected in programme distribution controller, central point voltage third-harmonic component while utilizing Y-connection in three phase windings, improves the power output of described generator.
5. Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the rotor in described generator adopts the tangential rotor magnetic structure that has pole shoe and have poly-magnetic effect.
6. Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, on the rotor in described generator, be provided with damping system magnetic structure so that transient current to the demagnetizing effect of permanent magnet the level during close to steady-state current.
7. Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described generator, stator winding adopts four road parallel-connection structures.
8. Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous generator system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the power density of described generator is 500VA/kg.
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| CN201310560193.1A CN103595161A (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2013-11-12 | Three-phase alternating current permanent magnet synchronous generator system |
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| CN201310560193.1A CN103595161A (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2013-11-12 | Three-phase alternating current permanent magnet synchronous generator system |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105490601A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-04-13 | 江西清华泰豪三波电机有限公司 | Hybrid electric vehicle based on axle generator wide speed range voltage regulation |
| CN107994665A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-04 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Use the charging system of wound rotor synchronous motor |
| CN109474216A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-03-15 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Impulse generator group electric braking power supply |
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Application publication date: 20140219 |