CN103595014A - Protective device for photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Protective device for photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103595014A CN103595014A CN201310632689.5A CN201310632689A CN103595014A CN 103595014 A CN103595014 A CN 103595014A CN 201310632689 A CN201310632689 A CN 201310632689A CN 103595014 A CN103595014 A CN 103595014A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a protective device for a photovoltaic power generation system. The protective device comprises an overcurrent protection unit and an energy storing component, wherein the overcurrent protection unit is connected in series between a photovoltaic assembly and the dc side of a photovoltaic inverter, and the energy storing component is connected in parallel between the photovoltaic assembly and the dc side of the photovoltaic inverter. According to the protective device, the energy storing component is connected in parallel between the photovoltaic assembly and the dc side of the photovoltaic inverter, so that a current source characteristic of a solar cell panel is converted into a voltage source characteristic; when a short-circuit fault occurs in the photovoltaic power generation system, energy stored in the energy storing component can be used to reliably fuse the overcurrent protection unit; such protection is almost not limited by the energy input into the solar cell panel, and can be reliably realized even light is very weak; and the scheme is simple, and protection is reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic power generation technology field, relate in particular to a kind of photovoltaic generating system protective device.
Background technology
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is the equipment that a kind of direct current energy by solar panel is converted to AC energy.In today that the energy is day by day in short supply, demand day by day increases, environmental protection concept is rooted in the hearts of the people, solar energy with its obtain simply, cleanliness without any pollution, the advantage such as inexhaustible be subject to paying close attention to widely various countries, the ，Ye whole world and be widely applied.Solar energy power generating is exactly that the direct current energy that solar panel is produced is transformed into by conversion equipments such as inverters the process that AC energy flows to electrical network.As shown in Figure 1, from the volt-ampere curve characteristic of solar panel, there are four key properties: one,, under specific illumination condition, output current is at one section of voltage range, its output current size is almost constant, thereby externally presents the characteristic of typical current source.Two, cell panel is 0 at output voltage, and in the situation of output short-circuit, its maximum current compares that its maximum power point (mpp) current value (Impp) differs neither be very large, generally, is about 1.2 times of left and right of Impp electric current.Three, in output open circuit situation, port voltage does not infinitely raise yet, and its open circuit voltage is about 1.25 times of left and right of maximum power point (mpp) magnitude of voltage (Vmpp).Four, there is maximum power point in the power output of cell panel, leaves the both sides of maximum power point, and its power output is all little than the power output of maximum power point position.As shown in Figure 2; in traditional application that is input as voltage source; conventionally adopt and between input power and converter, install over-current protection device additional and the overcurrent protection that protective device is realized power supply such as open as fuse, sky; such as when there is the faults such as short circuit in rear level power supply; because the internal resistance of input voltage source is very little; moment can provide very large electric current by over-current protection device, is enough to guarantee that fuse blows or sky open pyromagnetic mechanism action tripping operation, thereby realizes the separation of fault.
But, for being input as in current source application, even the in the situation that of rear class short circuit, its maximum output current can be very not large yet, solar panel as mentioned above, can be similar to and regard current source as, because the maximum exportable electric current of cell panel only has the maximum rated current of 1.2 times, generally be difficult to make fuse blows or switch trip.Particularly, in the situation that sunray is weak, its short circuit current is less than maximum rated current especially, thereby has caused very large difficulty to the application of this current source.As shown in Figure 3, suppose the inner A of header box, there is short circuit in 2 of B, or there is short-circuit conditions (as the operating modes such as short circuit appear in the prime of rear class inverter) in header box output, current source characteristic due to every road solar panel, even under the best operating mode of light, header box Nei Ge road fuse still can not reach fusing condition, so for this operating mode, the fuse (all fuses of inverter direct current input in other words and prime) that is arranged on header box just can not play effective protective effect, electric current can continue to maintain certain numerical value, and finally may cause the lasting expansion of fault.When 2 of input C, the D of header box are short-circuited, can rely on " pouring in down a chimney " electric current of other group string, fuse fuses.While generally only having string number in parallel to be more than or equal to three strings, this protection just can be effectively.As a same reason, can analyze the situation of using fuse at inverter input terminal, due to " current limliting " characteristic of battery component input, this occupation mode can not play a protective role under most of operating modes.In summary, due to the current source characteristic that solar panel presents, make conventional power source adopt method that fuse or air switch protect near inefficacy, thereby system normal use is produced to very large potential safety hazard.Need to take special salvo, as used with the air switch of shunted exciter tripping function etc., reach the object of system protection by the auxiliary judgment of control circuit, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, by a kind of photovoltaic generating system protective device, solve the problem that above background technology is partly mentioned.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A protective device, comprises over-current protection device and energy-storage travelling wave tube; Wherein, described over-current protection device is serially connected between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side; Described energy-storage travelling wave tube is attempted by between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side.
Especially, described energy-storage travelling wave tube is installed between photovoltaic module and header box input.
Especially, described energy-storage travelling wave tube is installed between header box output and photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet input.
Especially, described energy-storage travelling wave tube is installed between the output of photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet and the DC side of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Especially, described over-current protection device comprises fuse, air switch.
Especially, described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises capacity cell, energy-storage battery.
Photovoltaic generating system protective device provided by the invention is energy-storage travelling wave tube in parallel (such as electric capacity etc.) between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side, because the internal resistance of energy-storage travelling wave tube is very little, moment can be regarded as a voltage source, thereby the current source characteristic of solar panel is converted to voltage source characteristic, when there is short trouble in photovoltaic generating system, by energy-storage travelling wave tube, withdraw deposit the energy of storage by reliably fusing of over-current protection device (such as fuse etc.), the quantitative limitation of solar panel energy is inputted in this protection hardly, at very weak light, still can realize reliably protecting, in addition, at photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter front end, increase after energy-storage travelling wave tube, can also improve the ability that photovoltaic generating system suppresses surge impact, can also reduce the high frequency ripple voltage that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter side feeds back to solar panel port simultaneously, to improve the working life of cell panel.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the typical volt-ampere characteristic figure of solar panel;
Fig. 2 is that voltage source is applied typical protection philosophy schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is for organizing n in the photovoltaic module typical case application schematic diagram that confluxes;
The photovoltaic generating system protective device rough schematic view that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 5 specifically applies schematic diagram for the photovoltaic generating system protective device that the embodiment of the present invention two provides;
Fig. 6 specifically applies schematic diagram for the photovoltaic generating system protective device that the embodiment of the present invention three provides.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.Be understandable that, specific embodiment described herein is only for explaining the present invention, but not limitation of the invention.It also should be noted that, for convenience of description, in accompanying drawing, only show part related to the present invention but not full content.
Embodiment mono-
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic generating system protective device comprises over-current protection device and energy-storage travelling wave tube.Described over-current protection device is serially connected between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side.Described energy-storage travelling wave tube is attempted by between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side.
In practical application, described over-current protection device comprises fuse, air switch, and described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises capacity cell, energy-storage battery.As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, over-current protection device is selected fuse, and energy-storage travelling wave tube is selected electric capacity.The photovoltaic module array of PVAray1 for simplifying, 401 is header box, and 402 is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and fuse F1+, fuse F1-, capacitor C 1 are installed in header box 401, and fuse F, capacitor C 2 are installed in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 402.
In large-sized photovoltaic electricity generation system; conventionally also need the output of several header boxs to be connected to and on photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet, to carry out secondary and conflux; and then access photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; each header box correspondence is connected to the air switch of a road photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet; the same with header box principle; by obtaining the total output in Yi Luhuoji road after the output-parallel of n road, be connected to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.If adopt direct solar panel input scheme, the current source characteristic because solar panel presents, when the faults such as rear class is short-circuited, particularly, under low light condition, adopts the scheme of fuse cannot realize effective protection.So consider to safeguard and security needs, the branch protection device of photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet is difficult to adopt traditional fuse as protection component, therefore makes the cost of DC power distribution cabinet higher, system relative complex.If but increased the energy-storage travelling wave tubes such as electric capacity in the prime of DC insurance, according to above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system protective device principle Analysis, could realize equally photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet and use fuse as the scheme of protection component, thereby make system simplification.
Embodiment bis-
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic generating system protective device comprises over-current protection device and energy-storage travelling wave tube.Described over-current protection device is serially connected between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side.Described energy-storage travelling wave tube is attempted by between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side.
As shown in Figure 5, in the present embodiment, over-current protection device is selected fuse, and energy-storage travelling wave tube is selected electric capacity.PVAray1-PVArayn is photovoltaic module array, and 501 is header box, at the output of every group of photovoltaic module, is also the input of header box 501, is all connected in series fuse, equal shunt capacitance between both positive and negative polarity.
Because the internal resistance of electric capacity is very little, moment can be regarded as a voltage source characteristic, by choosing suitable capacitance, can guarantee when short circuit appears in AB end, and storage capacitor moment provides fuse required operating current, reaches the effect of quick protection.Can analyze the situation of CD terminal shortcircuit as a same reason.By increasing storage capacitor, from the angle of error protection, can convert the current source characteristic of solar panel to voltage source characteristic, thereby greatly expand protection range.As can be seen from Figure 5, even when light is very weak, if Short-circuit Working Condition appears in AB end or CD end, due to the existence of electric capacity energy energy storage device, still can realize the action message of the protection devices such as fuse.
Embodiment tri-
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic generating system protective device comprises over-current protection device and energy-storage travelling wave tube.Described over-current protection device is serially connected between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side.Described energy-storage travelling wave tube is attempted by between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side.
As shown in Figure 6, in the present embodiment, over-current protection device is selected fuse, and energy-storage travelling wave tube is selected electric capacity.PVAray1-PVArayn is photovoltaic module, and 601 is header box, and only the output at header box 601 has increased electric capacity.
Can analyze, when short circuit appears in CD end, still can play effective protective effect.In addition; while being short-circuited fault for rear class as photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter input side; existence due to this storage capacitor of prime; can the fuse of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter input side reliably be fused by the energy of this capacitance stores; realize safeguard protection; as a same reason, the quantitative limitation of cell panel energy is also inputted in this protection hardly, under very weak light, still can realize reliably protecting.
It should be noted that, as long as described energy-storage travelling wave tube is attempted by between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side, can realize the overcurrent protection to photovoltaic generating system, specifically adding holding position can adjust flexibly.Energy-storage travelling wave tube can be installed between (header box prime) between photovoltaic module and header box input, header box output and photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet input, between the output of photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet and the DC side of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, in header box, each road input of photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet is, total output of photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet, the direct current input side in inverter.
Technical scheme of the present invention installs energy-storage travelling wave tube additional in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter prime DC side; utilize energy-storage travelling wave tube energy storage, low internal resistance and instantaneous discharge characteristic; guaranteed when there is short trouble; the transient current of over-current protection device action is provided; thereby reach the effect of effective protection; scheme is simple, and protection is reliable.In addition, at photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter front end, increase after energy-storage travelling wave tube, can also improve the ability that photovoltaic generating system suppresses surge impact, can also reduce the high frequency ripple voltage that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter side feeds back to solar panel port, to improve the working life of cell panel simultaneously.Can analyze, increase after energy-storage travelling wave tube, can't affect the original control strategy of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, under the prerequisite that does not reduce security of system, realize efficient, cheap protected mode.
Note, above are only preferred embodiment of the present invention and institute's application technology principle.Skilled person in the art will appreciate that and the invention is not restricted to specific embodiment described here, can carry out for a person skilled in the art various obvious variations, readjust and substitute and can not depart from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although the present invention is described in further detail by above embodiment, the present invention is not limited only to above embodiment, in the situation that not departing from the present invention's design, can also comprise more other equivalent embodiment, and scope of the present invention is determined by appended claim scope.
Claims (6)
1. a photovoltaic generating system protective device, is characterized in that, comprises over-current protection device and energy-storage travelling wave tube; Wherein, described over-current protection device is serially connected between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side; Described energy-storage travelling wave tube is attempted by between photovoltaic module and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side.
2. photovoltaic generating system protective device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described energy-storage travelling wave tube is installed between photovoltaic module and header box input.
3. photovoltaic generating system protective device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described energy-storage travelling wave tube is installed between header box output and photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet input.
4. photovoltaic generating system protective device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described energy-storage travelling wave tube is installed between the output of photovoltaic DC power distribution cabinet and the DC side of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
5. according to the photovoltaic generating system protective device one of claim 1 to 4 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, described over-current protection device comprises fuse, air switch.
6. photovoltaic generating system protective device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises capacity cell, energy-storage battery.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310632689.5A CN103595014A (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2013-11-29 | Protective device for photovoltaic power generation system |
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| CN201310632689.5A CN103595014A (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2013-11-29 | Protective device for photovoltaic power generation system |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN104934927A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-23 | 武汉市圣德利科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic direct-current side short circuit protection device and control method thereof |
| CN110492453A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-22 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | A kind of energy-storage system and its multistage short circuit protection system |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104934927A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-23 | 武汉市圣德利科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic direct-current side short circuit protection device and control method thereof |
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| CN110492453A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-22 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | A kind of energy-storage system and its multistage short circuit protection system |
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| CN110492453B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2023-01-06 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Energy storage system and multistage short-circuit protection system thereof |
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Address after: 214174 Jiangsu Province Economic Development Zone, Huishan wind power science and Technology Industrial Park, wind energy road, No. 1 standard factory building Applicant after: SINENG ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd. Address before: 214174 Jiangsu Province Economic Development Zone, Huishan wind power science and Technology Industrial Park, wind energy road, No. 1 standard factory building Applicant before: Top energy Electric Co.,Ltd. Address after: 214174 Jiangsu Province Economic Development Zone, Huishan wind power science and Technology Industrial Park, wind energy road, No. 1 standard factory building Applicant after: Top energy Electric Co.,Ltd. Address before: 214174 Jiangsu Province Economic Development Zone, Huishan wind power science and Technology Industrial Park, wind energy road, No. 1 standard factory building Applicant before: WUXI SINENG NEW ENERGY CO.,LTD. |
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Application publication date: 20140219 |