CN103592407A - On-line power plant SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) denitration system catalyst activity monitoring method - Google Patents
On-line power plant SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) denitration system catalyst activity monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fume tail denitration by using a selective catalytic reduction method in a power plant, and particularly relates to an on-line power plant SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) denitration system catalyst activity monitoring method which mainly comprises the following steps: 1, obtaining a laboratory to perform activity detection on fresh catalysts of the same specification, so as to obtain the activity of the fresh catalysts that alpha0 is equal to 1, wherein an optimal denitration efficiency which can be achieved through the fresh catalysts is eta0; 2, in practical operation of a machine set, on-site property testing is performed to an SCR denitration system so as to obtain SCR practical operation data and property parameters; 3, calculating the real activity of the present catalysts by using the SCR catalyst activity modifying method provided by the invention. The invention aims to provide the on-line SCR denitrition system catalyst activity modification calculation method, the problem that the calculated activity is deviated from an actual value because of laboratory sampling representativeness problems and over-ideal reaction condition is solved, and the accuracy and the real-time capability in catalyst activity detection are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power plant's SCR and carry out flue gas afterbody denitration technology field, particularly a kind of SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method.
Background technology
Selective catalytic reduction method (Selective Catalytic Reduction is called for short SCR) is current power plant application denitration technology more widely.In SCR denitrification apparatus, denitrating catalyst is the most important parts of most critical in SCR flue gas denitrification system, and catalyzer generally accounts for 30%～50% of denitrification apparatus total cost.Directly affect the performance of the operating cost of whole denitrating system denitration and the performance of denitrating system in its activity and serviceable life, so the life-span of the SCR catalyzer person's that is subject to power plant management attention.Effectively the performance of catalyzer is monitored, adjust operation early, optimizes SCR denitrating system to extend SCR catalyzer tenure of use; SCR catalyst life is followed the tracks of simultaneously, in time SCR catalyzer is blown to ash, carry out if desired replacement or the regeneration of catalyst layer, to guarantee chimney breast NO
xconcentration reaches new environmental protection standard requirement.
The leading indicator of SCR catalyst performance has denitration efficiency, outlet NO
xconcentration, catalyst activity etc.Catalyst activity is catalyst performance in actual motion and the relative value of fresh catalyst performance, has reflected the decline degree of catalyst life in actual motion.When at present the detection of catalyst activity is mainly overhauled by compressor emergency shutdown, from carrying out catalyzer sample piece in reactor, sample, then in laboratory, carry out catalyst activity experiment.Power plant is generally spaced apart 1 year by catalyzer censored time, and the time interval is longer, is unfavorable for that operations staff understands the variation of catalyst activity in time, is unfavorable for the efficient operation of denitrating system.
A kind of modification method of catalyst activity has been proposed in the modification method > > of catalyst activity in the patent < < Yi Zhong SCR of power plant denitrating system, catalyzer apparent activity (Nm/h of unit) is revised, the i.e. correction to the vivacity of catalyzer, the amount of catalyst activity coefficient Shi You unit, is not easy to the quality of operations staff's intuitive judgment catalyst performance.And the size of catalyst activity coefficient can not directly reflect catalyst performance.While carrying out catalyst performance detection in laboratory; common meeting calculated activity relative quantity (being called for short " activity "); and activity is the ratio of actual catalyst vivacity and fresh catalyst vivacity, be relative quantity, be convenient to the intuitive judgment of operations staff to catalyst activity.When activity is during lower than certain limit value, think that catalyzer can not meet tail flue gas denitration, need to carry out the replacement of catalyst layer or increase catalyst layer or carry out catalyst regeneration.Therefore the present invention is intended to this relative quantity directly perceived of catalyst activity to carry out on-line monitoring, for on-line monitoring and the correction of catalyst activity provides a kind of method.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention, is just to provide that a kind of cost is low, precision is high, the SCR of the power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method of real-time.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method.
A SCR denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) Analysis deterrmination SCR denitrating system catalyst structure parameter and SCR denitrating system operational factor;
(2) according to selected catalyzer, to make laboratory catalyst activity and detect test report, the activity of fresh catalyst is relative activity a
0=1, corresponding fresh catalyst the highest accessible denitration efficiency is η
0, denitration efficiency:
catalyzer face velocity: AV=Q/ (V*Ap), catalyst activity coefficient: K=-AV*ln (1-η), catalyst activity: a=K/K
0;
Wherein: η is denitration efficiency;
for SCR entrance NO
xconcentration, unit is mg/Nm
3;
for SCR outlet NO
xconcentration, unit is mg/Nm
3; AV is the face velocity of catalyzer, and unit is Nm/h; Q is flue gas flow, and unit is Nm
3/ h, the cumulative volume that V is catalyzer, unit is m
3; Ap is the specific surface area of catalyzer, and unit is m
2/ m
3; K is actual catalyst vivacity, and unit is Nm/h; K
0for the vivacity of fresh catalyst, unit is Nm/h; A is catalyst activity;
(3) when catalyst performance detection test is carried out in laboratory, reaction conditions is tending towards idealized, and flue gas flow distributes more even compared with actual motion distribution, and flue-gas temperature and pressure are also relatively idealized.Consider that while testing with fresh catalyst Performance Detection when flue gas enters the SCR reactor of actual motion, flow distribution may be different, can produce flow deviation, influential to the performance of catalyst activity; Simultaneously along with the prolongation of time of putting into operation of SCR denitrating system, SCR catalyzer is for a long time in the environment in high temperature with high dust, and SCR catalyzer can be subject to corrosion and wearing and tearing in various degree, and SCR specific surface area of catalyst changes; Secondly, laboratory is the optimal reaction temperature at catalyzer while carrying out catalyst activity test, and the residing temperature of reaction of SCR off-target temperature often during actual motion.The to sum up consideration of many factors is introduced active modifying factor k catalyst activity is revised in actual motion, to obtain the actual value of catalyst activity, wherein k >=0;
(4) definite method of first Application the method Shi，Dui SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity initial value is as follows:
According to power plant's SCR denitrating system put into operation time and catalyst activity span, select one of following mode to carry out catalyst activity initial value value:
1. SCR denitrating system time of putting into operation shorter, in the good situation of catalyst performance, catalyst activity initial value gets 1;
2. SCR denitrating system time of putting into operation longer, in the situation that catalyst performance obviously declines, catalyst activity initial value get [0,1) between value, as 0.5 or 0.6;
3. with reference to the last catalyst activity examining report, the catalyst activity of usining in examining report is as the initial value of catalyst activity in the method;
During first Application the method, carrying out the definite object of the SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity initial value is number of times and the working time that reduces first iteration;
(5) obtain t theoretical catalyst activity a constantly
t:
Conventionally when SCR denitrating system moves, specific surface area of catalyst is because abrasion and corrosion and Reasons of Ash Deposition are to change, and is difficult for measuring, and is difficult to directly calculate face velocity AV, thereby can not directly obtains catalyst activity coefficient K accurately; The present invention adopts the relative quantity a of catalyst activity to carry out the sign of catalyst activity.Constantly, catalyst activity coefficient is K=-AV*ln (1-η) to denitrating system operation t, theoretical active calculating of corresponding catalyzer:
at this, first ignore the impact that the SCR denitrating system specific surface area of catalyst of actual motion and the variation of fresh catalyst specific surface area cause, above formula arranges to obtain ln (1-η
t)=a
t* ln (1-η
0); k
0=ln (1-η
0) be constant, and be negative value; Obtain thus ln (1-η
t)=a
t* k
0;
The influence factor that consideration is mentioned in step (3) is on active impact, and the comprehensively impact of each factor, introduces active modifying factor k a is revised, a
t, bestfor the optimum activity of t moment catalyzer, a
t=k[j] * a
t, best; The initial value k[0 of k is set]=1.0; a
t, best=a
t-1, being about to upper one constantly, the catalyst activity actual value that t-1 calculates is constantly as the optimum activity of current time catalyzer;
ln(1-η)＝a
t,best*k[j]*k
0＝a
t*k
0；
Theoretical catalyzer denitration efficiency: η
t=1-exp (a
t* k
0); Theoretical SCR outlet NO
xconcentration:
Wherein, K
tfor t moment actual catalyst vivacity, unit is Nm/h; K
0for the vivacity of fresh catalyst, unit is Nm/h; AV
tfor t catalyzer face velocity unit is constantly Nm/h; AV
0for fresh catalyst face velocity unit is Nm/h; η
tfor t theoretical catalyzer denitration efficiency constantly; a
tfor t theoretical catalyst activity constantly; a
t, bestoptimum activity for t moment catalyzer; J is active modifying factor iterations; a
t-1for t-1 catalyzer constantly truly active;
theoretical SCR outlet NO
xconcentration, unit is mg/Nm
3;
(6) calculate the actual outlet of SCR reactor NO
xconcentration
with the theoretical SCR outlet NO calculating according to catalyst activity
xconcentration
the absolute error relative value of deviation
if ε is less than the error factor ε of setting
0, preserve and export current active modifying factor k[n] and catalyzer truly active
iterative computation finishes; If ε is greater than the error factor ε of setting
0, proceed step (7);
Wherein,
unit be mg/Nm
3, n is termination of iterations number of times;
(7) adjust active modifying factor: after the j time iteration finishes, ε is greater than the error factor ε of setting
0, according to the actual outlet of SCR reactor NO
xconcentration and SCR outlet NO
xthe deviation size of concentration theoretical value, adjusts active modifying factor; If actual value is greater than theoretical value, reduce active modifying factor; If actual value is less than theoretical value, increase active modifying factor;
(8) repeat (5) (6) (7) and carry out iterative computation, until the actual outlet of SCR reactor NO
xconcentration
with the theoretical SCR outlet NO calculating according to catalyst activity
xconcentration
the absolute error relative value ε of deviation is less than the error factor ε of setting
0.
The parameter of SCR denitrating system catalyst structure described in step (1) is SCR position, catalyst structure pattern, the catalyzer number of plies, the volume of catalyzer and the specific surface area of catalyzer; Described SCR denitrating system operational factor is SCR reactor inlet flue gas flow, SCR reactor inlet flue-gas temperature, SCR reactor inlet flue gas pressures, SCR reactor inlet NO
xconcentration, SCR reactor outlet NO
xconcentration and SCR reactor inlet ammonia nitrogen mol ratio.
In described step (2), the overall activity of the single reactor of research, does not consider catalyzer layering, and layer is interior, the catalyst activity nonunf ormity of interlayer.
The value of j is 1≤j≤100 in described step (7), and j is integer, and maximum iteration time is 100.
In a described t upper moment constantly, determining of the t-1 moment need be according to actual conditions and requirements set time step long value.
Whether online correction of the method catalyst activity accurately depends on entrance NO
xconcentration, outlet NO
xthe accuracy of measurement of concetration, so require on-the-spot denitrating system measurement instrument to measure accurately.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Compared with prior art, the present invention attempts to utilize actual operating data reflection SCR catalyst activity, realizes the online of SCR catalyst activity, improves the real-time of SCR catalyst monitoring; The present invention carries out catalyzer by SCR denitrating system actual operating data and revises online, prediction for catalyst activity, catalyst life prediction, and catalyst updating plan provides foundation, be conducive to improve the horizontal ，Wei of the optimum management SCR of the thermal power plant denitrating system of catalyst activity forecasting accuracy and SCR denitrating system and even the safety economy optimization of whole steam generator system operation powerful support is provided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of catalyst activity on-line monitoring method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the logical diagram of catalyst activity on-line monitoring method of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
The 600MW of Yi Mou power plant unit is research object, describes the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
(1) the SCR denitrating system of this unit is arranged in after economizer before air preheater, belongs to board-like catalyst structure pattern.This SCR denitrating system has A, and two reactors of B, are arranged symmetrically with.SCR denitrating system catalyst structure parameter is as shown in table 1.
Table 1SCR denitrating system catalyst structure parameter
(2) SCR denitrating system design parameter:
(A) boiler uses design coal and can meet and checks coal;
(B) boiler normal load scope (40%BMCR(boiler maximum continuous rating)～100%BMCR load), SCR reactor inlet flue-gas temperature: 300～420 ℃;
(C) SCR reactor inlet NO
xconcentration: 800mg/Nm
3(oxygen content 6%, butt).
(3) by the inventive method, being take SCR denitrating system A reactor is embodiment object, obtains the activity of fresh catalyst (being relative activity) a according to the active test report that detects of its fresh catalyst
0=1, the corresponding accessible best denitration efficiency of fresh catalyst is η
0=0.90.
(4) when catalyst performance detection test is carried out in laboratory, reaction conditions is tending towards idealized, and flue gas flow distributes more even compared with actual motion distribution, and flue-gas temperature and pressure are also relatively idealized.Consider that while testing with fresh catalyst Performance Detection when flue gas enters the SCR reactor of actual motion, flow distribution may be different, can produce flow deviation, influential to the performance of catalyst activity; Simultaneously along with the prolongation of time of putting into operation of SCR denitrating system, SCR catalyzer is for a long time in the environment in high temperature with high dust, and SCR catalyzer can be subject to corrosion and wearing and tearing in various degree, and SCR specific surface area of catalyst changes; Secondly, laboratory is the optimal reaction temperature at catalyzer while carrying out catalyst activity test, and the residing temperature of reaction of SCR off-target temperature often during actual motion.The to sum up consideration of many factors is introduced active modifying factor k activity is revised in actual motion, and active modifying factor initial value is k[0]=1.
(5) for reducing number of times and the working time of first iteration, consider that embodiment unit the last time carried out catalyst activity test at 2013 beginning of the years, the catalyst activity that can using in test testing result at this is as catalyst activity initial value of the present invention, a
best=0.65.Adopt method: with reference to the last catalyst activity examining report, the catalyst activity of usining in examining report is as the initial value of catalyst activity.
(6) calculate the actual outlet of SCR reactor NO
xconcentration
with the theoretical SCR outlet NO calculating according to catalyst activity
xconcentration
the absolute error relative value of deviation
specification error factor ε
0=0.01, program stopping criterion for iteration: ε < ε
0.
(7) adjust active modifying factor, through iterative computation repeatedly, the results are shown in Table 2.In table 2, catalyst activity initial value is got to a
best=1 and a
best=0.65 two kind of initial value establishing method contrasts, and result shows to adopt a
best=0.65 as catalyst activity initial value, and iterations is less, and working time is short.Equally, current time (t constantly) catalyst activity initial value is got a moment (t-1 constantly) (according to actual conditions and requirements set time step long value) catalyst activity actual value as setting initial value a
t, initial=a
t-1, setting initial value is a
best=1 iterations is few, and working time is short, is applicable to active on-line monitoring.
(8) the active actual value a that the sample of obtaining in same amount of time in table 2 obtains there are differences, and reason is outlet NO
xinhomogeneous and the instrument measurement precision drift of CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION causes NO
xthere is deviation in concentration, thereby causes the difference of active actual value.Because of the method crucial accuracy that is the basic data that actual instrument is measured accurately.
Table 2 catalyst activity result of calculation contrast table
Claims (6)
- The SCR of 1.Yi Zhong power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method, is characterized in that: concrete steps are as follows:(1) Analysis deterrmination SCR denitrating system catalyst structure parameter and SCR denitrating system operational factor;(2) according to selected catalyzer, to make laboratory catalyst activity and detect test report, the activity of fresh catalyst is relative activity a 0=1, corresponding fresh catalyst the highest accessible denitration efficiency is η 0, denitration efficiency:catalyzer face velocity: AV=Q/ (V*Ap), catalyst activity coefficient: K=-AV*ln (1-η), catalyst activity: a=K/K 0;
Wherein: η is denitration efficiency;for SCR entrance NO xconcentration, unit is mg/Nm 3;
for SCR outlet NO xconcentration, unit is mg/Nm 3; AV is the face velocity of catalyzer, and unit is Nm/h; Q is flue gas flow, and unit is Nm 3/ h, the cumulative volume that V is catalyzer, unit is m 3; Ap is the specific surface area of catalyzer, and unit is m 2/ m 3; K is actual catalyst vivacity, and unit is Nm/h; K 0for the vivacity of fresh catalyst, unit is Nm/h; A is catalyst activity;
(3) introduce active modifying factor k catalyst activity is revised, to obtain the actual value of catalyst activity, wherein k >=0;(4) definite method of first Application the method Shi，Dui SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity initial value is as follows:According to power plant's SCR denitrating system put into operation time and catalyst activity span, select one of following mode to carry out catalyst activity initial value value:1. catalyst activity initial value gets 1;2. catalyst activity initial value get [0,1) between value;3. with reference to the last catalyst activity examining report, the catalyst activity of usining in examining report is as the initial value of catalyst activity in the method;(5) obtain t theoretical catalyst activity a constantly t:T theoretical catalyst activity constantly calculates:the impact that the variation of ignoring specific surface area of catalyst at this causes, arranges to obtain ln (1-η t)=a t* ln (1-η 0); k 0=ln (1-η 0) be constant, and be negative value, ln (1-η had t)=a t* k 0; Introduce active modifying factor k to a trevise a t, bestfor the optimum activity of t moment catalyzer, t theoretical catalyst activity is constantly a t=k[j] * a t, best; The initial value k[0 of k is set]=1.0; Suppose the true active a of being of t-1 catalyzer constantly t-1, a t, best=a t-1, be about to the upper one catalyst activity actual value constantly calculating as the optimum activity of current time catalyzer; Arrange to obtain ln (1-η t)=a t, best* k[j] * k 0=a t* k 0;
T theoretical catalyzer denitration efficiency is constantly η t=1-exp (a t* k 0); Theoretical SCR outlet NO xconcentration:Wherein, K tfor t moment actual catalyst vivacity, unit is Nm/h; K 0for the vivacity of fresh catalyst, unit is Nm/h; AV tfor t catalyzer face velocity unit is constantly Nm/h; AV 0for fresh catalyst face velocity unit is Nm/h; η tfor t theoretical catalyzer denitration efficiency constantly; a tfor t theoretical catalyst activity constantly; a t, bestoptimum activity for t moment catalyzer; J is active modifying factor iterations; a t-1for t-1 catalyzer constantly truly active;theoretical SCR outlet NO xconcentration, unit is mg/Nm 3;
(6) calculate the actual outlet of SCR reactor NO xconcentrationwith the theoretical SCR outlet NO calculating according to catalyst activity xconcentration
the absolute error relative value of deviation
if ε is less than the error factor ε of setting 0, preserve and export current active modifying factor k[n] and catalyzer truly active
, iterative computation finishes; If ε is greater than the error factor ε of setting 0, proceed step (7);
Wherein,unit be mg/Nm 3, n is termination of iterations number of times;
(7) adjust active modifying factor: after the j time iteration finishes, ε is greater than the error factor ε of setting 0, according to the actual outlet of SCR reactor NO xconcentration and SCR outlet NO xthe deviation size of concentration theoretical value, adjusts active modifying factor; If actual value is greater than theoretical value, reduce active modifying factor; If actual value is less than theoretical value, increase active modifying factor;(8) repeat (5) (6) (7) and carry out iterative computation, until the actual outlet of SCR reactor NO xconcentrationwith the theoretical SCR outlet NO calculating according to catalyst activity xconcentration
the absolute error relative value ε of deviation is less than the error factor ε of setting 0.
- 2. a kind of SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the parameter of SCR denitrating system catalyst structure described in step (1) is SCR position, catalyst structure pattern, the catalyzer number of plies, the volume of catalyzer and the specific surface area of catalyzer; Described SCR denitrating system operational factor is SCR reactor inlet flue gas flow, SCR reactor inlet flue-gas temperature, SCR reactor inlet flue gas pressures, SCR reactor inlet NO xconcentration, SCR reactor outlet NO xconcentration and SCR reactor inlet ammonia nitrogen mol ratio.
- 3. a kind of SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the overall activity of the single reactor of research in described step (2), do not consider catalyzer layering, layer is interior, the catalyst activity nonunf ormity of interlayer.
- 4. a kind of SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (7), the value of j is 1≤j≤100, and j is integer.
- 5. a kind of SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: constantly, t determining of a upper moment constantly need be according to actual conditions and requirements set time step long value for described t-1.
- 6. a kind of SCR of power plant denitrating system catalyst activity on-line monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: whether online correction of the method catalyst activity accurately depends on entrance NO xconcentration, outlet NO xthe accuracy of measurement of concetration, so require on-the-spot denitrating system measurement instrument to measure accurately.
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| CN109411031A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-01 | 郑州师范学院 | In-service denitrating catalyst method for predicting residual useful life based on actual motion condition |
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| CN111044667A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-21 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 | Method for evaluating activity of denitration system catalyst and method for correcting denitration efficiency |
| CN111044667B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2022-06-21 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 | Method for evaluating activity of denitration system catalyst and method for correcting denitration efficiency |
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| CN114459545A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-10 | 触媒净化技术(南京)有限公司 | Method and system for prolonging service life of denitration catalyst |
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