CN103591601A - High-calorific-value coal multi-step energy-saving burning device and method - Google Patents
High-calorific-value coal multi-step energy-saving burning device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103591601A CN103591601A CN201310360019.2A CN201310360019A CN103591601A CN 103591601 A CN103591601 A CN 103591601A CN 201310360019 A CN201310360019 A CN 201310360019A CN 103591601 A CN103591601 A CN 103591601A
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Abstract
A high-calorific-value coal multi-step energy-saving burning method includes a first burning stage, a second burning stage, a third burning stage and a fourth burning stage. In the first burning stage, pulverized coal with more than 80 meshes and first mixed gas are sent to a pulverized coal burner by a blower, wherein the first mixed gas includes, by content, 60-70% of mixed coal gas and 30-40% of air. In the second burning stage, second mixed gas is blown by a second blower, wherein the second mixed gas includes, by content, 10-20% of the mixed coal gas, 10% of water vapor and 70-80% of the air. In the third burning stage, third mixed gas is blown by a third blower, wherein the third mixed gas includes, by content, 10% of the water vapor and 90% of the air. In the fourth burning stage, fourth gas, namely the air, is blown by a fourth blower, and oxygen supplied by the fourth gas is 25% of oxygen needed according to calculation based on through burning of blown pulverized coal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high combustion value coal burner and method, is a kind of high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion square law device and method.
Background technology
Existing coal burner efficiency is lower, and efficiency of combustion is the highest only can reach 70% left and right, long service time with burner, and burning condition worsens, and efficiency of combustion can further reduce.
Meanwhile, for adopting in the situation of producing as fuel for the coal that adopts high heating value, high heating value coal dust ignition temperature is high, and combustion process is fast, and fuel can not get utilizing completely.Burning and exhausting aspect does not reach national requirements for environmental protection, serious environment pollution.In order to improve the coal-fired particularly combustion thermal efficiency of high heating value fire coal, greatly reduce the discharge capacity of flue dust and pernicious gas, in recent years, research and development various burning new methods.
Application number is that 200810126070 application for a patent for invention discloses a kind of coal-burning boiler energy-saving method, this power-economizing method comprises step: from the gas-distributing cylinder of boiler, introduce steam, and the steam of introducing is passed in the superheater of boiler, make steam become the dry steam of 500-800 ℃; Dry steam is passed in a plurality of spray booms in the plenum chamber that is arranged on boiler; Make dry steam from the aperture ejection of described spray boom, with the fully mixed combustion of coal-fired layer.The power-economizing method of this invention has improved the efficiency of combustion of coal, can reach the benefit of energy efficiency.But the method is not suitable for the efficient burning of high heating value coal dust.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion apparatus and method.The method and device can effectively improve combustion thermal efficiency, and exotic fuels are fully burnt, and have both improved the utilization rate of fuel, have reduced again the discharge in combustion process.The present invention adopts following technical proposal:
A kind of high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method, it is characterized in that the following step: comprise the first combustion phases, this stage is by the above coal dust of 80 order, together with the first mist, by air blast, send into coal burner, wherein the first mist comprises that volume content is the mixed gas of 60%-70% and the air of 30%-40%, wherein mixed gas hollow bottle coal gas volume ratio is 50-75%, the mist that water-gas volume ratio is 25%-50%, and wherein mist temperature is 250-280 ℃; The second combustion phases: be blown into the second mist by the second air blast, the mixed gas that the second mist kind contains 10%-20%, 10% steam and the air of 70%-80%, wherein the second mist kind air gas volume ratio is 50-75%, water-gas volume ratio is 25%-50%; The 3rd combustion phases: by the 3rd air blast, be blown into the 3rd mist, contain 10% steam and and 90% air, the 3rd mist temperature is 800-900 ℃; The 4th combustion phases: be blown into the 4th gas by the 4th air blast, the 4th gas is air.
A Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method, at the first combustion phases, the oxygen that wherein the first mist is supplied is for to calculate 40% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, and at the first combustion phases, flame temperature is 850-950 ℃.
A Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method, at the second combustion phases, the oxygen that wherein the second mist is supplied is for to calculate 20% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, and at the second combustion phases, flame temperature is 900-1000 ℃.
A Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method, at the 3rd combustion phases, the oxygen that wherein the 3rd mist is supplied is for to calculate 15% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, and at the 3rd combustion phases, flame temperature is 850-950 ℃.
A Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion apparatus, comprises burning chamber shell and burner, and wherein burner comprises lighting-up tuyere, the first blast orifice, the second blast orifice and the 3rd blast orifice and the 4th blast orifice, and wherein each blast orifice is equipped with cyclone.
A Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion apparatus, each blast orifice comprises the valve by host computer control.
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention is by being blown into mist, and combustion chamber internal combustion is abundant, and energy utilization rate is high.
(2) the present invention is because flame temperature is low, and completely, the noxious gas emissions such as nitride, sulfide significantly reduce in burning simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is combustion method schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is burner structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is combustion process schematic diagram of the present invention.
The present invention uses high heating value coal dust as fuel, and calorific value is approximately 3500-4000 card.Burning the first stage first by the coal dust after atomization (fineness >=80 order), by the first air blast, send into the volatilization combustion phases of coal burner, the first air blast is blown into the mixed gas that volume content is 60%-70% simultaneously, and (air gas volume ratio is 50-75%, water-gas volume ratio is the mist of 25%-50%) and the mist of 250-280 ℃ of the air of 30%-40%, mist is in combustion chamber internal combustion, now in coal dust, volatile component volatilizees rapidly, jointly burn with fuel gas and oxygen composition in mixed gas, the combustion chamber of now volatilizing is mainly that carbon monoxide and hydrogen and methane gas burn.Combustion flame temperature is probably at 850-950 ℃.
In the first stage, the oxygen that the first mist is supplied is for to calculate 40% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, and institute's supply oxygen is coal combustion volatile materials on the one hand, reacts on the one hand with solid carbon, generates imflammable gas.
Continuation along with flame mechanism, at the first air blast, continue under blasting action, second stage combustion product has entered solid-state combustion phases, in solid-state combustion phases, the second air blast is blown into the mixed gas that volume content is 10%-20%, and (air gas volume ratio is 50-75%, water-gas volume ratio is the mist of 25%-50%), the mist of 10% steam and the air of 70%-80%, under high temperature action, now steam and air react with first stage combustion product and produce carbon monoxide, hydrogen, the gases such as methane, mist burns rapidly, now in combustion chamber, flame temperature is 900-1000 ℃.
At the second combustion phases, the oxygen that wherein the second mist is supplied is for to calculate 20% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion.
Along with the continuation of flame mechanism, second stage combustion product has entered the 3rd combustion phases, and in the 3rd combustion phases, the 3rd air blast is blown into the mist that volume content is the air of 20% steam and 80%, and mist temperature is 800-900 ℃.Because the first two is in the stage, in coal dust, volatile ingredient exhausts, and has part solid carbon to generate imflammable gas burning, and therefore the stage is blown into high-temperature vapor and the air gas mixture of 800-900 ℃ again.On the one hand, steam continues to react with solid carbon, generates carbon monoxide, methane and a small amount of hydrogen; Meanwhile, directly directly burning in body of heater of part solid carbon; In this stage, in combustion chamber, flame temperature is 850-950 ℃.
At the 3rd combustion phases, the oxygen that wherein the 3rd mist is supplied is for to calculate 15% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion.
Burning is proceeded, and phase III combustion product has entered the 4th combustion phases, and in the 4th combustion phases, the 4th air blast is blown into air.In front three phases, most of solid carbon has generated imflammable gas burning, then is blown in right amount air, and remaining solid carbon and imflammable gas are burnt.In this stage, in combustion chamber, flame temperature is 850-900 ℃.
At the 4th combustion phases, the oxygen that wherein the 3rd mist is supplied is for to calculate 25% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion.In this stage, in combustion chamber, flame temperature is 900 ℃.
Applicant utilizes the inventive method to test the coal dust of calorific value 3500-4000 card, and experiment situation is as follows:
Embodiment mono-
In the present embodiment, having selected calorific value is the coal dust of 3500 cards.Carried out following experiment.
Burning the first stage first by the coal dust after atomization (fineness is 90 orders), by the first air blast, send into coal burner, it is that (air gas volume ratio is 50% for 60% mixed gas that the first air blast is blown into volume content simultaneously, water-gas volume ratio is 50% mist) and first mist of 250 ℃ of 40% air, the oxygen that wherein the first mist is supplied is for according to passing into 40%, the first mist that coal dust completing combustion calculates required oxygen in combustion chamber internal combustion.Sensor records combustion flame temperature probably at 950 ℃.Continuation along with flame mechanism, at the first air blast, continue under blasting action, first stage combustion product has entered solid-state combustion phases, in solid-state combustion phases, it is that (air gas volume ratio is 50% for 20% mixed gas that the second air blast is blown into volume content, water-gas volume ratio is 50% mist), the second mist of 10% steam and 70% air, the oxygen that wherein the second mist is supplied is for calculating 20% of required oxygen and pass according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, and sensor records combustion flame temperature probably at 950 ℃.Continuation along with flame mechanism, second stage combustion product has entered the 3rd combustion phases, in the 3rd combustion phases, the 3rd air blast is blown into the 3rd mist that volume content is the air of 10% steam and 90%, the oxygen that wherein the 3rd mist is supplied is for to calculate 15% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, mist temperature is 800-900 ℃, and sensor records combustion flame temperature probably at 900 ℃.Continuation along with flame mechanism, phase III combustion product has entered the 4th combustion phases, in the 4th combustion phases, the 4th air blast is blown into air, mist temperature is 800-900 ℃, the oxygen that wherein the first mist is supplied is for to calculate 25% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, and sensor records combustion flame temperature probably at 900 ℃.
After experiment, get cinder and detect.Detect and find, now in cinder, carbon content is less than 0.01%, has substantially realized the completing combustion of coal.
In experimentation, detect nitrous oxides concentration, emission nitrous oxides concentration is 10ppm.
Comparative example 2
In the present embodiment, having selected calorific value is the coal dust of 3500 cards.Carried out following experiment.
In the burning first stage, first by the coal dust after atomization (fineness is 90 orders), by the first air blast, send into coal burner, each air blast, according to the ratio of oxygen supply, is blown into air according to four steps.
After experiment, get cinder and detect.Detect and find, now in cinder, carbon content is 2%, has substantially realized the completing combustion of coal.
In experimentation, thermocouple shows that ignition temperature is at 1250-1300 ℃.
In experimentation, detect nitrous oxides concentration, emission nitrous oxides concentration is 280ppm.
Embodiment tri-
In the present embodiment, having selected calorific value is the coal dust of 40000 cards.Carried out following experiment.
Burning the first stage first by the coal dust after atomization (fineness is 90 orders), by the first air blast, send into coal burner, it is that (air gas volume ratio is 50% for 70% mixed gas that the first air blast is blown into volume content simultaneously, water-gas volume ratio is 50% mist) and first mist of 280 ℃ of 30% air, the oxygen that wherein the first mist is supplied is for according to passing into 40%, the first mist that coal dust completing combustion calculates required oxygen in combustion chamber internal combustion.Sensor records combustion flame temperature probably at 980 ℃.Continuation along with flame mechanism, at the first air blast, continue under blasting action, first stage combustion product has entered solid-state combustion phases, in solid-state combustion phases, it is that (air gas volume ratio is 50% for 20% mixed gas that the second air blast is blown into volume content, water-gas volume ratio is 50% mist), the second mist of 10% steam and 70% air, the oxygen that wherein the second mist is supplied is for calculating 20% of required oxygen and pass according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, and sensor records combustion flame temperature probably at 940 ℃.Continuation along with flame mechanism, second stage combustion product has entered the 3rd combustion phases, in the 3rd combustion phases, the 3rd air blast is blown into the 3rd mist that volume content is the air of 10% steam and 90%, the oxygen that wherein the 3rd mist is supplied is for to calculate 15% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, mist temperature is 800-900 ℃, and sensor records combustion flame temperature probably at 950 ℃.Continuation along with flame mechanism, phase III combustion product has entered the 4th combustion phases, in the 4th combustion phases, the 4th air blast is blown into air, mist temperature is 800-900 ℃, the oxygen that wherein the first mist is supplied is for to calculate 25% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, and sensor records combustion flame temperature probably at 900 ℃.
After experiment, get cinder and detect.Detect and find, now in cinder, carbon content is less than 0.01%, has substantially realized the completing combustion of coal.
In experimentation, detect nitrous oxides concentration, emission nitrous oxides concentration is 14ppm.
Comparative example four
In the present embodiment, having selected calorific value is the coal dust of 40000 cards.Carried out following experiment.
In the burning first stage, first by the coal dust after atomization (fineness is 90 orders), by the first air blast, send into coal burner, each air blast, according to the ratio of oxygen supply, is blown into air according to four steps.
After experiment, get cinder and detect.Detect and find, now in cinder, carbon content is 2%, has substantially realized the completing combustion of coal.
In experimentation, thermocouple shows that ignition temperature is at 1250-12800 ℃.
In experimentation, detect nitrous oxides concentration, emission nitrous oxides concentration is 300ppm.
Above-mentioned experimental result contrast is as follows
From embodiment above, can find out, adopt after the inventive method, combustion flame temperature significantly improves, thereby has opened up space for the utilization of low calorific value coal.In cinder, carbon content significantly reduces, thereby fuel obtains utilizing more completely.Meanwhile, lower due to combustion flame temperature, therefore reduces air hazardous compound, especially oxynitrides.
The feature of having utilized burning different phase in the present invention, passes into different types of mist, has improved to greatest extent Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.Improved the scope of utilizing of low heat value coal dust.
Burner of the present invention comprises igniter 1, the first blast orifice 2, the second blast orifice 3, the three blast orifice 4, the four blast orifices 5; These blast orifices connect generating mixed gas.Each blast orifice is provided with electromagnetic valve, by host computer control.Each blast orifice is also provided with cyclone.Burner is outer can also be connected to fuel pulverizing plant, water-gas, air gas, steam preparation facilities.Burner inside is also provided with pyrometer couple.
The present invention is directed to the feature of high heating value coal, rationally utilize combustion-supporting gas, obtained good combustion efficiency.In the first stage, part fuel gas enters, burning rapidly, and oxygen and solid carbon react simultaneously, generate imflammable gas.Now, airborne oxygen substantially exhausts in ， coal dust firing district and is blown into the second mist, makes the imflammable gas after coal dust fugitive constituent and coal dust gasification, rapidly burning.In this stage, still there is part solid carbon not consume.Enter the phase III, be blown into steam and air, proceed reacting of solid carbon and water and air, generate flammable gas.Enter after fourth stage, solid carbon is seldom residual substantially, is blown into air, and burning remaining imflammable gas of phase III and solid carbon, complete whole combustion process.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes or modification and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention the embodiment of the present invention according to application documents are disclosed.
Claims (7)
1. a high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method, it is characterized in that the following step: comprise the first combustion phases, this stage is by the above coal dust of 80 order, together with the first mist, by air blast, send into coal burner, wherein the first mist comprises that volume content is the mixed gas of 60%-70% and the air of 30%-40%, wherein mixed gas hollow bottle coal gas volume ratio is 50-75%, water-gas volume ratio is the mist of 25%-50%, the oxygen that wherein the first mist is supplied is for to calculate 40% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, wherein the first mist temperature is 250-280 ℃, the second combustion phases: be blown into the second mist by the second air blast, the mixed gas that the second mist kind contains 10%-20%, 10% steam and the air of 70%-80%, wherein the second mist hollow bottle coal gas volume ratio is 50-75%, water-gas volume ratio is 25%-50%'s, at the second combustion phases, the oxygen that wherein the second mist is supplied is for to calculate 20% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion, the 3rd combustion phases: be blown into the 3rd mist by the 3rd air blast, contain 10% steam and and 90% air, at the 3rd combustion phases, the oxygen that wherein the 3rd mist is supplied for 15%, the three mist temperature according to passing into coal dust completing combustion and calculate required oxygen be 800-900 ℃, the 4th combustion phases: be blown into the 4th gas by the 4th air blast, the 4th gas is air, at the 4th combustion phases, the oxygen that wherein the 4th gas is supplied is for to calculate 25% of required oxygen according to passing into coal dust completing combustion.
2. high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, at the first combustion phases, at the first combustion phases, flame temperature is 850-950 ℃.
3. high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, at the second combustion phases, flame temperature is 900-1000 ℃.
4. high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, at the 3rd combustion phases, flame temperature is 850-950 ℃.
5. high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, at the 4th combustion phases, flame temperature is 900 ℃.
6. a high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method, comprises burning chamber shell and burner, and wherein burner comprises lighting-up tuyere, the first blast orifice, the second blast orifice and the 3rd blast orifice and the 4th blast orifice, and wherein each blast orifice is equipped with cyclone.
7. high combustion value coal Simulation Based On Multi-step energy-saving combustion method as claimed in claim 6, each blast orifice comprises the valve by host computer control.
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Citations (6)
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| US4748919A (en) * | 1983-07-28 | 1988-06-07 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Low nox multi-fuel burner |
| CN1038147A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-12-20 | 常州工业技术学院 | A kind of structure of sound absorption and noise reduction of gear drive |
| CN1119039A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1996-03-20 | 欧文·W·戴克马 | Coal combustion process for SOx and NOx control |
| CN1594149A (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2005-03-16 | 谢西平 | Full premixed combustion smelting method and smelting furnace for producing glass using the method |
| CN1668876A (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2005-09-14 | 普莱克斯技术有限公司 | Oxygen enhanced combustion of lower rank fuels |
| CN102767827A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-07 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Combined-type thermal-oxidation igniting process nozzle for gasifying solid powder fuel |
-
2013
- 2013-08-19 CN CN201310360019.2A patent/CN103591601A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4748919A (en) * | 1983-07-28 | 1988-06-07 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Low nox multi-fuel burner |
| CN1038147A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-12-20 | 常州工业技术学院 | A kind of structure of sound absorption and noise reduction of gear drive |
| CN1119039A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1996-03-20 | 欧文·W·戴克马 | Coal combustion process for SOx and NOx control |
| CN1668876A (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2005-09-14 | 普莱克斯技术有限公司 | Oxygen enhanced combustion of lower rank fuels |
| CN1594149A (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2005-03-16 | 谢西平 | Full premixed combustion smelting method and smelting furnace for producing glass using the method |
| CN102767827A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-07 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Combined-type thermal-oxidation igniting process nozzle for gasifying solid powder fuel |
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Application publication date: 20140219 |