CN103591231B - Power dividing planet ring bevel gear type stepless speed variator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission with power splitting, which combines the planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission and the differential gear train, and transmits the power through the rotation and revolution of the planetary ring bevel gear and the differential gear train A small part of power, most of the power is transmitted through the power input shaft and the planetary carrier, and the two parts of power are synthesized at the synchronous planetary gear and transmitted to the output shaft to complete the power confluence, which is realized by changing the contact radius between the governor ring and the planetary ring bevel gear Continuously variable speed transmission, the invention has the advantages of stable transmission, good starting performance, stable start from zero under full load, adaptable to variable working conditions, long service life and wide range of speed change, compared with the existing planetary continuously variable transmission In comparison, it is possible to split power while avoiding power backflow to transmit high power, minimize geometric slip, and achieve higher transmission efficiency.

Description

Power split planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission

technical field

The invention relates to a mechanically driven continuously variable transmission, in particular to a power split planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission.

Background technique

At present, the transmission mode of continuously variable transmission is divided into three categories, namely hydraulic transmission, electric transmission and mechanical transmission. The CVT of hydraulic transmission requires high manufacturing precision and is expensive. Because the output characteristic is constant torque and the slip rate is large, oil leakage is prone to occur during operation; the CVT of electric transmission can be divided into electromagnetic sliding CVT Transmission, DC motor type continuously variable transmission and AC motor type continuously variable transmission, they have large slip rate, low efficiency, not suitable for long-term debt operation, complex equipment, high cost, mechanical characteristics showing constant torque in the deceleration section, poor operation Stability and other disadvantages; while the mechanically driven continuously variable transmission has simple structure, convenient maintenance, relatively cheap price, stable speed, small slip rate, and reliable operation. Since the mechanically driven continuously variable transmission mainly relies on friction to improve power, the carrying capacity is low. , generally suitable for medium and small power transmission.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power split planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission. Compared with the existing planetary continuously variable transmission, it can transmit high power through power split while avoiding power backflow and reduce the geometric slip rate. to the minimum to make the transmission more efficient.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes in order to realize above-mentioned purpose is:

Power split planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission, including power input shaft, speed regulating ring, planetary ring bevel gear, planetary ring bevel gear cage, small support ring, large support ring, driving center bevel gear, driven center cone Gears, synchronous cylindrical gears, center internal gears, synchronous internal gears, planet carrier, planetary gears, output sun gear, power output shaft, characterized in that: the power input shaft and the speed regulating ring drive the planetary bevel gear, the planetary bevel On the one hand, the gear revolves around the central axis with the power input shaft, and at the same time rotates around the bevel gear cage of the planetary ring. The planetary motion synthesized by the two transmits a small part of power through the driven central bevel gear and synchronous cylindrical gear to the planetary gear; from Most of the power input by the power input shaft is directly transmitted to the planetary carrier, and then the planetary carrier is transmitted to the planetary gear, and a small part of the power is synthesized through the planetary gear, and then output through the output shaft;

The planetary ring bevel gear includes a planetary ring bevel gear conical surface, a planetary ring bevel gear ring body, a planetary ring bevel gear, a planetary ring bevel pinion and a planetary ring bevel gear supporting small cylinder, and the planetary ring bevel gear is inclined at an angle , so that an outer contour line of the conical surface of the planetary ring bevel gear is kept horizontal, and 3 to 5 gears are distributed around the central axis. , to achieve the purpose of stepless speed change, no matter in speed regulation or running, the speed regulation ring does not rotate.

The power input shaft is fixedly connected with the active central bevel gear, and the active central bevel gear meshes with the planetary ring bevel pinion on the planetary ring bevel gear to transmit power; the planetary ring bevel gear is provided with a planetary ring The bevel gear ring body, the planet ring bevel gear ring body supports the planet ring bevel gear corresponding to the small support ring and the large support ring, so as to reduce the overturning moment of the planet ring bevel gear.

A fixed shaft gear is inserted between the synchronous cylindrical gear and the central internal meshing gear.

A synchronous planetary gear is fixedly connected to the planetary gear, and the synchronous planetary gear meshes with the output sun gear.

The beneficial effects brought by the present invention are: the power split planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission has stable transmission, good starting performance, can start from zero steadily under full load, adapts to work under variable working conditions, has a long service life, and can change speeds. Compared with the existing planetary continuously variable transmission, it can split the power while avoiding the power backflow, so that the transmission efficiency is higher.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the planetary ring bevel gear.

In Figure 1 and Figure 2, 1. Power input shaft; 2. Planetary ring bevel gear; 3. Speed regulating ring; 4. Small support ring; 5. Large support ring; 6. Active central bevel gear; 7. Planetary ring bevel gear Cage; 8. Driven central bevel gear; 9. Synchronous cylindrical gear; 10. Fixed shaft gear; 11. Central internal meshing gear; 12. Synchronous internal meshing gear; 13. Planetary gear; 14. Synchronous planetary gear; 15 Planetary Frame; 16, output center wheel; 17, output shaft; 18, conical surface of planetary ring bevel gear; 19, ring body of planetary ring bevel gear; 20, planetary ring bevel gear; 21, planetary ring bevel pinion; 22, Planetary ring bevel gear supports small cylinder; 23. Rod system; 24. Center internal meshing gear cage; , Planetary ring bevel gear 1 rotation radius; , Planetary ring bevel gear 1 revolution radius.

Fig. 3 is a simplified model diagram of a power split continuously variable transmission.

In the figure, P, planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission; X, 2K-H positive differential gear train; A, input end; B, output end; a, b, e are planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission Three protruding ends; g, d, h are the three protruding ends of the 2K-H positive differential gear train.

Detailed ways

Power split ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission, the transmission principle is the combination of planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission and differential gear train, the transmission structure is shown in Figure 1, including power input shaft 1, planetary ring bevel gear 2, Speed regulating ring 3, small supporting ring 4, large supporting ring 5, driving central bevel gear 6, planetary ring bevel gear cage 7, driven central bevel gear 8, synchronous cylindrical gear 9, fixed shaft gear 10, central internal meshing gear 11. Synchronous internal meshing gear 12, planetary gear 13, synchronous planetary gear 14, planet carrier 15, output center wheel 16, output shaft 17; small support ring 4, planet ring bevel gear cage 7 and driven center bevel gear 8 space Sleeved on the power input shaft 1, the large support ring 5 is vacantly sleeved on the driven central bevel gear 8, and the driving central bevel gear 6 and the planet carrier 15 are fixedly connected to the power input shaft 1;

The structure of planetary ring bevel gear 2 is shown in Figure 2, including planetary ring bevel gear conical surface 18, planetary ring bevel gear ring body 19, planetary ring bevel gear 20, planetary ring bevel pinion 21 and planetary ring bevel gear support The small cylinder 22 and the planetary ring bevel gear 2 are inclined at an angle, so that an outer contour line of the planetary ring bevel gear conical surface 18 remains horizontal, and 3 to 5 gears are distributed around the center axis. 3 and planetary ring bevel gear 2 rotation radius , reached the purpose of stepless speed change, no matter in speed regulation or when running, the speed regulating ring 3 does not rotate.

Due to the overturning moment of the planetary ring bevel gear 2 in the working state, especially during the speed regulation process, it has a certain amount of floating, thereby reducing the transmission efficiency and shortening the life of the planetary ring bevel gear; in order to overcome this shortcoming, so in A planetary ring bevel gear ring body 19 is arranged between the planetary ring bevel gear 20 and the planetary ring bevel gear conical surface 18, and the small support ring 4 and the large support ring 5 support the planetary ring cone with the planetary ring bevel gear ring body 19 correspondingly. Gear 2, which can balance the overturning moment generated during the speed regulation process, not only can improve the transmission characteristics of the planetary ring bevel gear 20 and the planetary ring bevel pinion gear 21, but also can improve the speed regulating ring 3 and the planetary ring bevel gear conical The service life of the surface 18 is reduced, the sliding amount is reduced, the disadvantage of the large geometric sliding rate of the planetary ring-cone continuously variable transmission is overcome, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

When the power split ring bevel gear CVT works, the power is directly transmitted to the power input shaft 1 or transmitted to the power input shaft 1 through the reduction mechanism, most of the power is directly transmitted to the planetary carrier 15, and a small part of the power is transmitted to the active center cone Gear 6, the active central bevel gear 6 meshes with the planetary ring bevel pinion 21, and then, through the friction force between the speed regulating ring 3 and the planetary ring bevel gear conical surface 18, it is transmitted to the planetary ring bevel gear 20, and the planetary ring bevel gear 20 Then it meshes with the driven central bevel gear 8, and the driven central bevel gear 8 transmits power to the synchronous cylindrical gear 9, and then passes through the fixed shaft gear 10, the central internal meshing gear 11, the synchronous internal meshing gear 12, and the planetary gear 13, two parts The power is synthesized on the planetary gear 13, then passes through the synchronous planetary gear 14 and the output sun gear 16, and is output by the output shaft 17. Its transmission ratio formula is:

=

in, = , represent the transmission ratios of driven central bevel gear 8 and driving central bevel gear 6 respectively, all Indicates the number of teeth, and its subscript indicates the corresponding gear; , are the rotation radius and revolution radius of the planetary ring bevel gear, respectively.

In the above power transmission process, from the output of the driven central bevel gear 8 to the synchronous cylindrical gear 9, the synchronous cylindrical gear 9 can directly mesh with the central internal meshing gear 11, but in order to prevent the power from backflow phenomenon, between the synchronous cylindrical gear 9 and the central A fixed shaft gear 10 is connected between the internal meshing gears 11. The fixed shaft gear 10 meshes with the central internal meshing gear 11 and reaches the synchronous internal meshing gear 12. The synchronous meshing gear 12 meshes with the planetary gear 13 and synthesizes the output with the planetary carrier 15. The planetary The wheel 13 can be directly meshed with the output center wheel 16 for output, but in order to avoid power backflow, a synchronous planetary gear 14 is fixedly connected to the planetary wheel 13, and the synchronous planetary gear 14 is meshed with the output center wheel 16 to complete power splitting and stepless Variable speed transmission.

Fig. 3 is a simplified model diagram of a power split continuously variable transmission, in which P represents a planetary bevel gear type continuously variable transmission, and X represents a 2K-H positive sign differential gear train. A, B are the input and output ends respectively; a, b, e are the three extension ends of the planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission; g, d, h are the three extension ends of the 2K-H positive differential gear train out. The overall efficiency is:

where all superscripts are relative to it, such as Indicates the transmission efficiency of power from g to h relative to d.

Figure 3 illustrates the principle of power splitting. When implementing an invention patent, the transmission ratio of the differential gear train should be carefully designed to avoid the power return area, truly realize power splitting, and overcome the small transmission power of the planetary ring-cone continuously variable transmission. shortcoming.

Claims (3)

1. Power split planetary bevel gear type continuously variable transmission, including power input shaft, speed regulating ring, planetary bevel gear, planetary bevel gear cage, small support ring, large support ring, active center bevel gear, driven Central bevel gear, synchronous cylindrical gear, central internal gear, synchronous internal gear, planetary carrier, planetary gear, output sun gear, power output shaft, characterized in that: the power input shaft and speed regulating ring drive the planetary ring bevel gear, planetary On the one hand, the ring bevel gear revolves around the central axis with the power input shaft, and at the same time it rotates around the planet ring bevel gear cage. The planet ring bevel gear is synthesized by the revolution of the power input shaft and the rotation of the planet ring bevel gear cage. Planetary motion transmits a small part of power to the planetary gear through the driven central bevel gear and synchronous cylindrical gear; most of the power input from the power input shaft is directly transmitted to the planetary carrier, and the planetary carrier is then transmitted to the planetary gear, and a small part of the power is passed through the planetary gear synthesized, and then output through the output shaft; The planetary ring bevel gear includes a planetary ring bevel gear conical surface, a planetary ring bevel gear ring body, a planetary ring bevel gear, a planetary ring bevel pinion and a planetary ring bevel gear supporting small cylinder, and the planetary ring bevel gear is inclined at an angle , so that an outer contour line of the conical surface of the planetary ring bevel gear is kept horizontal, and 3 to 5 gears are distributed around the central axis. , to achieve the purpose of stepless speed change, no matter in speed regulation or running, the speed regulation ring does not rotate; The power input shaft is fixedly connected with the active central bevel gear, and the active central bevel gear meshes with the planetary ring bevel pinion on the planetary ring bevel gear to transmit power; the planetary ring bevel gear ring arranged in the middle of the planetary ring bevel gear The body, the small support ring and the large support ring support the planetary ring bevel gear correspondingly, so as to reduce the overturning moment of the planetary ring bevel gear. 2. The power splitting planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: a fixed shaft gear is inserted between the synchronous cylindrical gear and the central internal meshing gear. 3. The power splitting planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that a synchronous planetary gear is fixedly connected to the planetary gear, and the synchronous planetary gear meshes with the output sun gear.