CN103591231B - Power dividing planet ring bevel gear type stepless speed variator - Google Patents

Power dividing planet ring bevel gear type stepless speed variator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103591231B
CN103591231B CN201310531303.1A CN201310531303A CN103591231B CN 103591231 B CN103591231 B CN 103591231B CN 201310531303 A CN201310531303 A CN 201310531303A CN 103591231 B CN103591231 B CN 103591231B
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China
Prior art keywords
bevel gear
planet
ring
power
gear
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201310531303.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103591231A (en
Inventor
毛虎平
王军
董小瑞
杨世文
张翼
李建军
张艳岗
冯耀南
尤国栋
徐俊峰
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North University of China
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North University of China
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Priority to CN201310531303.1A priority Critical patent/CN103591231B/en
Publication of CN103591231A publication Critical patent/CN103591231A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/76—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with an orbital gear having teeth formed or arranged for obtaining multiple gear ratios, e.g. nearly infinitely variable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of power dividing planet ring bevel gear type stepless speed variator, the stepless change device of planet ring bevel gear type and differential gear train are combined, fraction power is transmitted by the bevel gear rotation of planet ring and revolution and differential gear train, most of power is transmitted by power input shaft and planet carrier, two-part power synthesizes at synchronous planetary pinion place and passes to output shaft, complete power interflow, variable transmission is realized by the contact radius changing speed ring and planet ring bevel gear, the present invention has stable drive, startability is good, can start from zero steadily under full capacity, adapt to variable working condition, long service life, the advantage that slewing range is wide, compared with existing planet type continuous variable transmission, power backflow is avoided to realize transmission while can making power dividing high-power, geometrical sliding is reduced to minimum, the efficiency realizing transmission is higher.

Description

Power split planetary ring bevel gear type stepless speed changer
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mechanical transmission stepless speed changer, in particular to a power split planet ring bevel gear type stepless speed changer.
Background
At present, the transmission modes of the continuously variable transmission are divided into three types, namely hydraulic transmission, electric transmission and mechanical transmission. The hydraulic transmission stepless speed changer has high requirement on manufacturing precision and high price, and has high slip rate and easy oil leakage phenomenon during operation because the output characteristic is constant torque; the electric transmission stepless speed variator can be divided into an electromagnetic sliding type stepless speed variator, a direct current motor type stepless speed variator and an alternating current motor type stepless speed variator, and has the defects of large sliding rate, low efficiency, unsuitability for long-term liability running, complex equipment, high cost, constant torque performance of mechanical characteristics in a speed reduction section, unstable running and the like; the mechanical transmission stepless speed changer has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance, relatively low price, stable rotating speed, small sliding rate and reliable work, and is generally suitable for transmission with medium and small power because the mechanical transmission stepless speed changer mainly improves power by friction force, so that the bearing capacity is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power-split planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission, which can transmit high power through power splitting and avoid power backflow at the same time, reduce the geometric slip ratio to the minimum and ensure higher transmission efficiency compared with the conventional planetary continuously variable transmission.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to realize the purpose is as follows:
the power split planet ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission comprises a power input shaft, a speed regulating ring, a planet ring bevel gear retainer, a small support ring, a large support ring, a driving central bevel gear, a driven central bevel gear, a synchronous cylindrical gear, a central internal meshing gear, a synchronous internal meshing gear, a planet carrier, a planet wheel, an output central gear and a power output shaft, and is characterized in that: the power input shaft and the speed regulation ring drive a planet ring bevel gear, the planet ring bevel gear revolves around the central axis along with the power input shaft on one hand, and rotates around a planet ring bevel gear retainer on the other hand, and the small part of power of the planetary motion transmission formed by the power input shaft and the speed regulation ring is transmitted to a planet gear through a driven central bevel gear and a synchronous cylindrical gear; most of power input from the power input shaft is directly transmitted to the planet carrier, the planet carrier is transmitted to the planet wheel, and the planet wheel and a small part of power are synthesized through the planet wheel and then output through the output shaft;
the planet ring bevel gear comprises a planet ring bevel gear conical surface, a planet ring bevel gear ring body, a planet ring bevel gear wheel, a planet ring bevel pinion and a planet ring bevel gear supporting small cylinder, the planet ring bevel gear is inclined at an angle, so that an outer contour line of the planet ring bevel gear conical surface is kept horizontal, 3-5 gears are distributed around the circumference of a central shaft, and the rotation radiuses of the speed regulating ring and the planet ring bevel gear are changed during speed regulationThe purpose of stepless speed change is achieved, and the speed regulating ring does not rotate no matter in speed regulation or operation.
The power input shaft is fixedly connected with the driving central bevel gear, and the driving central bevel gear is meshed with a planetary ring bevel pinion on the planetary ring bevel gear to transmit power; the planet ring bevel gear ring body is arranged in the middle of the planet ring bevel gear and correspondingly supports the planet ring bevel gear with the small support ring and the large support ring so as to reduce the tipping moment of the planet ring bevel gear.
A dead axle gear is connected between the synchronous cylindrical gear and the central internal gear.
And the planetary gear is fixedly connected with a synchronous planetary gear, and the synchronous planetary gear is meshed with the output central gear.
The beneficial effects brought by the invention are as follows: compared with the existing planetary continuously variable transmission, the planetary bevel gear type continuously variable transmission has the advantages of stable transmission, good starting performance, stable zero starting under full load, adaptation to variable working condition, long service life, wide speed change range and the like, can realize power splitting and avoid power backflow, and has higher transmission efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the transmission structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the planet ring bevel gear.
1, power input shaft in fig. 1 and 2; 2. a planet ring bevel gear; 3. a speed regulating ring; 4. a small support ring; 5. a large support ring; 6. a drive central bevel gear; 7. a planet ring bevel gear cage; 8. a driven center bevel gear; 9. a synchronous cylindrical gear; 10. a fixed shaft gear; 11. a central ring gear; 12. a synchronous internal gear; 13. a planet wheel; 14. a synchronous planetary gear; 15 a planet carrier; 16. an output center wheel; 17. an output shaft; 18. a conical surface of a planet ring bevel gear; 19. a planet ring bevel gear torus; 20. a planet ring cone bull gear; 21. a planet ring cone pinion; 22. the planet ring bevel gear supports a small cylinder; 23. a rod system; 24. a central ring gear cage;the autorotation radius of the planet ring bevel gear 1;and the revolution radius of the planetary ring bevel gear 1.
FIG. 3 is a simplified model diagram of a power-split continuously variable transmission.
In the figure, P is a planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission; x, 2K-H plus differential gear train; A. an input end; B. an output end; a. b and e are three extending ends of the planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission; g. d and H are three extending ends of a 2K-H plus differential gear train.
Detailed Description
The power split ring bevel gear type stepless speed changer adopts the transmission principle of the combination of a planetary ring bevel gear type stepless speed changer and a differential gear train, and the transmission structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a power input shaft 1, a planetary ring bevel gear 2, a speed regulating ring 3, a small support ring 4, a large support ring 5, a driving central bevel gear 6, a planetary ring bevel gear retainer 7, a driven central bevel gear 8, a synchronous cylindrical gear 9, a fixed shaft gear 10, a central internal gear 11, a synchronous internal gear 12, a planetary gear 13, a synchronous planetary gear 14, a planetary carrier 15, an output central gear 16 and an output shaft 17; the small support ring 4, the planet ring bevel gear retainer 7 and the driven central bevel gear 8 are sleeved on the power input shaft 1 in an empty way, the large support ring 5 is sleeved on the driven central bevel gear 8 in an empty way, and the driving central bevel gear 6 and the planet carrier 15 are fixedly connected on the power input shaft 1;
the structure of the planet ring bevel gear 2 is shown in figure 2, and comprises a planet ring bevel gear conical surface 18, a planet ring bevel gear ring body 19, a planet ring bevel gear gearwheel 20, a planet ring bevel pinion 21 and a planet ring bevel gear supporting small cylinder 22, wherein the planet ring bevel gear 2 is inclined at an angle, so that an outer contour line of the planet ring bevel gear conical surface 18 is kept horizontal, 3-5 gears are distributed around the circumference of a central shaft, and the rotation radius of the speed regulating ring 3 and the planet ring bevel gear 2 is changed during speed regulationThe purpose of stepless speed change is achieved, and the speed regulating ring 3 does not rotate no matter in speed regulation or operation.
In a working state, particularly in a speed regulation process, the planet ring bevel gear 2 has tipping moment, so that the planet ring bevel gear has certain floating amount, the transmission efficiency is reduced, and the service life of the planet ring bevel gear is shortened; in order to overcome the defect, a planet ring bevel gear ring body 19 is arranged between a planet ring bevel gear big gear wheel 20 and a planet ring bevel gear conical surface 18, and a small support ring 4, a large support ring 5 and the planet ring bevel gear ring body 19 correspondingly support the planet ring bevel gear 2, so that the tilting moment generated in the speed regulation process can be balanced, the transmission characteristics of the planet ring bevel gear big gear wheel 20 and the planet ring bevel gear pinion 21 can be improved, the service lives of the speed regulation ring 3 and the planet ring bevel gear conical surface 18 can be prolonged, the sliding quantity is reduced, the defect of large geometric sliding rate of the planet ring cone type continuously variable transmission is overcome, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
When the power split ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission works, power is directly transmitted to the power input shaft 1 or transmitted to the power input shaft 1 through a speed reducing mechanism, most of the power is directly transmitted to the planet carrier 15, a small part of the power is transmitted to the driving central bevel gear 6, the driving central bevel gear 6 is meshed with the planet ring bevel pinion 21, then the friction force between the speed adjusting ring 3 and the conical surface 18 of the planet ring bevel gear is transmitted to the planet ring bevel gear 20, the planet ring bevel gear 20 is meshed with the driven central bevel gear 8, the power is transmitted to the synchronous cylindrical gear 9 through the driven central bevel gear 8, then the power of the two parts is synthesized on the planetary gear 13 through the fixed shaft gear 10, the central internal meshing gear 11, the synchronous internal meshing gear 12 and the planetary gear 13, and the power of the two parts is output through the synchronous planetary gear 14 and the output central gear. The transmission ratio formula is as follows:
＝
wherein,=，respectively, the gear ratios of the driven central bevel gear 8 and the driving central bevel gear 6, allRepresenting the number of teeth, the subscripts of which represent the corresponding gears;、the rotation radius and the revolution radius of the planet ring bevel gear are respectively.
In the power transmission process, the output power is transmitted from the driven central bevel gear 8 to the synchronous cylindrical gear 9, the synchronous cylindrical gear 9 can be directly meshed with the central ring gear 11, but in order to prevent the power from flowing back, a fixed shaft gear 10 is connected between the synchronous cylindrical gear 9 and the central ring gear 11, the fixed shaft gear 10 is meshed with the central ring gear 11, the synchronous ring gear 12 is meshed with the planetary gear 13 and is synthesized with the planetary carrier 15 for output, the planetary gear 13 can be directly meshed with the output central gear 16 for output, but in order to avoid the power flowing back, the synchronous planetary gear 14 is fixedly connected to the planetary gear 13, the synchronous planetary gear 14 is meshed with the output central gear 16, and the power splitting and the stepless speed change transmission are completed.
Fig. 3 is a simplified model diagram of a power split continuously variable transmission, in which P represents a planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission and X represents a 2K-H plus differential gear train. A. B is an input end and an output end respectively; a. b and e are three extending ends of the planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission; g. d and H are three extending ends of a 2K-H plus differential gear train. The total efficiency is:
wherein all superscripts denote references to it, e.g.Representing the transmission efficiency of power from g to h relative to d.
Fig. 3 illustrates the principle of power splitting, and when the invention patent is implemented, the transmission ratio of the differential gear train needs to be designed elaborately to avoid a power return region, so that the power splitting is really realized, and the defect of small transmission power of the planetary toroidal continuously variable transmission is overcome.

Claims (3)

1. The power split planet ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission comprises a power input shaft, a speed regulating ring, a planet ring bevel gear retainer, a small support ring, a large support ring, a driving central bevel gear, a driven central bevel gear, a synchronous cylindrical gear, a central internal meshing gear, a synchronous internal meshing gear, a planet carrier, a planet wheel, an output central gear and a power output shaft, and is characterized in that: the power input shaft and the speed regulating ring drive a planet ring bevel gear, the planet ring bevel gear revolves around a central axis along with the power input shaft on one hand and rotates around a planet ring bevel gear holder on the other hand, and a small part of power is transmitted to a planet wheel through a driven central bevel gear and a synchronous cylindrical gear by the planet motion synthesized by the revolution of the power input shaft and the rotation of the planet ring bevel gear holder; most of power input from the power input shaft is directly transmitted to the planet carrier, the planet carrier is transmitted to the planet wheel, and the planet wheel and a small part of power are synthesized through the planet wheel and then output through the output shaft;
the planet ring bevel gear comprises a planet ring bevel gear conical surface, a planet ring bevel gear ring body, a planet ring bevel gear wheel, a planet ring bevel pinion and a planet ring bevel gear supporting small cylinder, the planet ring bevel gear is inclined at an angle, so that an outer contour line of the planet ring bevel gear conical surface is kept horizontal, 3-5 gears are distributed around the circumference of a central shaft, and the rotation radiuses of the speed regulating ring and the planet ring bevel gear are changed during speed regulationThe purpose of stepless speed change is achieved, and the speed regulating ring does not rotate no matter when the speed is regulated or the speed is running;
the power input shaft is fixedly connected with a driving central bevel gear, and the driving central bevel gear is meshed with a planetary ring bevel pinion on a planetary ring bevel gear to transmit power; the planet ring bevel gear ring body arranged in the middle of the planet ring bevel gear correspondingly supports the planet ring bevel gear with the small support ring and the large support ring so as to reduce the tipping moment of the planet ring bevel gear.
2. The power-split planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: a dead axle gear is connected between the synchronous cylindrical gear and the central internal gear.
3. The power-split planetary ring bevel gear type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the planet wheel is fixedly connected with a synchronous planet gear, and the synchronous planet gear is meshed with the output central wheel.
CN201310531303.1A 2013-11-01 2013-11-01 Power dividing planet ring bevel gear type stepless speed variator Expired - Fee Related CN103591231B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108386538A (en) * 2018-03-25 2018-08-10 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 Planetary gear stepless speed changing retarder

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN103791047B (en) * 2014-02-25 2016-02-24 合肥工业大学 A kind of helicopter speed variable transmission system
CN105840756A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-08-10 中北大学 Positive-pressure self-adaptive power split type continuously variable transmission of planetary ring bevel gear
CN108105347B (en) * 2018-01-23 2023-05-30 张敏 Diameter-variable multi-gear combined equivalent gear driven stepless speed changer
CN115143251B (en) * 2022-07-22 2024-10-18 扬州大学 Large-span transmission ratio compound transmission stepless speed changer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN85106904A (en) * 1985-09-08 1986-07-02 熊介良 The top pendulum-type is stepless, a grade planetary charge drive device is arranged
CN2035820U (en) * 1988-08-18 1989-04-12 余茂芃 Automatic mechanical-control friction stepless speed changing device
CN2050505U (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-01-03 浙江省宁波市海洋渔业公司渔机厂 Stageless speed variator with mechanical self-control and hand adjusting speed limit
CN1045849A (en) * 1990-05-09 1990-10-03 李德才 Stepless speed variator
CN2237147Y (en) * 1995-10-19 1996-10-09 崔松竹 Planetary gear stepless speed reducing device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN85106904A (en) * 1985-09-08 1986-07-02 熊介良 The top pendulum-type is stepless, a grade planetary charge drive device is arranged
CN2035820U (en) * 1988-08-18 1989-04-12 余茂芃 Automatic mechanical-control friction stepless speed changing device
CN2050505U (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-01-03 浙江省宁波市海洋渔业公司渔机厂 Stageless speed variator with mechanical self-control and hand adjusting speed limit
CN1045849A (en) * 1990-05-09 1990-10-03 李德才 Stepless speed variator
CN2237147Y (en) * 1995-10-19 1996-10-09 崔松竹 Planetary gear stepless speed reducing device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108386538A (en) * 2018-03-25 2018-08-10 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 Planetary gear stepless speed changing retarder

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