Automatically full-thread bolt pretightning force bringing device and the method for operating of anchor can be moved back
Technical field
The present invention relates to bolt support field, mine, particularly relate to a kind of full-thread bolt pretightning force bringing device and the method for operating that automatically can move back anchor.
Background technology
Along with the development of national economy, national energy demand is increasing, and the exhaustion day by day of superficial part coal resources forces coal mining to proceed to deep.Under deep high-ground stress, High-geotemperature, high karst water pressure and strong mining influence condition, roadway support faces many challenges newly.Anchor pole occupies an important position in mine support system, in order to meet various actual demand, anchor pole performance, technique are also in continuous update, anchor pole type also emerges in an endless stream, and such as comprises common rod bolt, twisted bolt, twisted steel anchor rod with ribbing for anchor pole in mine tunnel engineering, without vertical muscle full-thread bolt, surrenders anchor pole, glass fibre reinforced plastics rockbolts, wood bolt, bamboo anchoring-bolt etc.
Anchor pole, by applying pretightning force, produces radial constraint to country rock, effectively can improve the stresses re-distribution condition of country rock, the self-bearing ability of country rock behind raising peak; Especially be in the tunnel of deep crush country rock, under " three high disturbances " influence factor, higher supporting requirement proposed to bolt pretension., in rockbolt installation and use procedure, also there is following problem in the end car silk commonly used for current deep tunnel supporting and the twisted steel anchor rod of end rolled thread muscle full-thread bolt vertical with nothing, urgently to be resolved hurrily:
1) at present mostly down-hole is to apply pretightning force by the mode of torque wrench or pneumatic impact wrench to anchor pole, but this kind of mode pretightning force to apply range lower, and there is the problem that moment of torsion transformation ratio cannot be quantitative;
2) under existing bolt support condition, when tunnel is in comparatively among break wall rock, the secondary how carrying out later stage pretightning force after roadway roof absciss layer or wall caving applies, and there is no completely suitable solution at present;
3) in pretightning force applying process, the moment of torsion transformation ratio without vertical muscle full-thread bolt is low, flight pitch is large and yielding, and move back anchor difficulty, pretightning force is difficult to reach designing requirement;
4) twisted steel anchor rod of end car silk can cause end anchor club shaft intensity to reduce, and does not meet supporting requirement, and then cost is high for the twisted steel anchor rod of end rolled thread, and both having that pretightning force applies cannot quantitative problem; Such anchor pole end car (rolling) filament length degree generally at 100mm ~ 120mm, pretightning force secondary apply space little, be not suitable for the later stage need expand side or answering of rock crusher repair tunnel etc.;
5) the stress deformation feature helped according to deep tunnel roof, two and the supporting requirement to bolt pretension, the twisted steel anchor rod of current top board many employings end rolled thread, two help adopt without vertical muscle full-thread bolt more, but this kind of mode exists the problems such as support process is loaded down with trivial details, labor strength large, tunnelling speed is slow.
Once bolt pretension applies not enough, then cannot produce operative constraint to country rock, very easily cause surrouding rock deformation to strengthen even out of control, increase the potential security risk in tunnel.Therefore, the present invention is directed to the Railway Project faced in the bolt support of existing mine, be intended to propose a kind of full-thread bolt pretightning force bringing device and method of operating automatically can moving back anchor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve that the moment of torsion transformation ratio occurred in existing mine full-thread bolt pretightning force applying process is low, screw thread is yielding and it is low and cannot quantitatively, pretightning force secondary applies the problems such as difficulty, complicated construction technique, labour intensity are large after wall caving to move back anchor difficulty, pretightning force applying value, a kind of full-thread bolt pretightning force bringing device and the method for operating that automatically can move back anchor are proposed, give full play to mine bolt support potentiality, ensure safety of coal mines high-efficiency mining.
For achieving the above object, the design adopts following technical scheme:
Automatically the full-thread bolt pretightning force bringing device of anchor can be moved back, comprise preposition crossbeam, rearmounted crossbeam and realize to the clamping of anchor pole with unclamp move back anchor device, described preposition crossbeam and rearmounted crossbeam all can be connected by contracting formula oil cylinder pillar with two hydraulic pressure, and be provided with a tapered cup nut in the middle of preposition crossbeam, the end of described tapered cup nut be provided with one with move back the movable sleeve pipe coordinated of anchor device; Described preposition crossbeam and the pallet of anchor pole are fitted, and for counter-force supports, can provide pulling capacity by contracting formula oil cylinder pillar by two hydraulic pressure to anchor pole; Rearmounted crossbeam with move back anchor device and match; The centre of described rearmounted crossbeam with move back anchor device and match, described extension type oil cylinder pillar has pneumatic-hydraulic pump to drive, and pneumatic-hydraulic delivery side of pump connects a controller.
Described preposition crossbeam center has taper circular hole, and the taper surface angle of taper circular hole is consistent with tapered cup nut external surface angle; Tapered cup nut is installed in preposition disc-cone circular hole, tapered cup nut central aperture part and anchor nut consistent size, and when pretightning force applies, tapered cup nut is enclosed within above anchor rod nut; Center, tapered cup nut end is provided with T-socket.
The described anchor device that moves back comprises a lock tube, the outer ring of described lock tube is installed on the centre position of rearmounted crossbeam, it is taper above described lock tube inner ring, be cylindricality below, and in inner ring conical section, a locking plate fitted tightly with it is installed, the rear end of described locking plate is provided with a conical sleeve, and described conical sleeve is connected with a rear spring.When opening oil cylinder flowline, the preposition crossbeam in hydraulic pressure pliable support front end and rearmounted crossbeam close, locking plate moves down and keeps open configuration under the T-socket impetus of preposition crossbeam centre position, now can pass anchor pole easily, if now open oil cylinder oil inlet pipe, then preposition crossbeam and rearmounted crossbeam open, T-socket moves, locking plate can Automatic-clamping anchor pole under high-strength spring action, after the complete fastening nut of anchor pole stretch-draw, open oil cylinder flowline, again close between preposition crossbeam and rearmounted crossbeam, locking plate opens, anchor pole can be realized and automatically move back anchor, can not occur because anchor pole Leading Edge Deformation cannot move back the situation of anchor.
Its profile of described locking plate is cylinder I, cone and cylinder II from top to bottom successively, and inside is hollow cylinder; And the diameter of cylinder I is consistent with lock tube front end perforate internal diameter, the radius ratio cylinder I of cylinder II is large, less than the maximum radius of centrum.
Described T-socket diameter is consistent with the minimum diameter of lock tube inner ring at front end, and during to ensure that preposition crossbeam and rearmounted crossbeam close, T-socket front end can be stretched in the perforate of lock tube front end, and locking plate is opened.
Described tapered cup nut end surface is along T-socket outer ring to being evenly carved with a series of cylindrical hole, and its size and digital display type torque wrench upper lackeves consistent size, to facilitate tightening nuts.
Described preposition crossbeam outer ring is provided with can the hole II of contracting formula oil cylinder stanchions with hydraulic pressure.
Is provided with the hole I coordinated with lock tube outer ring in the middle of described rearmounted crossbeam, outer ring is provided with confession hydraulic pressure can the hole II of contracting formula oil cylinder stanchions.
The bottom of described scalable oil cylinder and be equipped with oil pipe with middle part, described oil pipe is connected with pneumatic-hydraulic pump, and
Described pneumatic-hydraulic pump and the link circuit of oil pipe are provided with stepless shift controller.
Described oil cylinder, by adopting the isobaric fuel feeding of common oil circuit mode, can realize the synchronous uniform load of two hydraulic pressure pliable supports; The stepless shift controller be connected with pneumatic-hydraulic pump, size is exported by arranging different oil pressure gear fixing quantity pulling capacities, can realize carrying out anchor rod drawing under setting pulling capacity standard once reserve gear, and can automatic voltage regulation when pulling capacity reaches preset value, digital display type torque wrench now can be utilized to screw tapered cup nut, when moment of torsion reaches certain setting value, the quantitative applying of bolt pretension can be completed.
Automatically can move back the method for operating of the full-thread bolt pretightning force bringing device of anchor, now by reference to the accompanying drawings its operating procedure be set forth further:
1) pneumatic oil tank pump and on-the-spot airduct are connected, and keep blow valve to be in closed condition;
2) tapered cup nut in preposition crossbeam is enclosed within anchor rod nut, and by anchor pole through in lock tube;
3) adjusting device angle, makes the central circular perforate of preposition crossbeam can coincide with anchor rod pallet board;
4) stepless shift controller is set to low-grade location, then opens airduct switch, just pretightning force is applied to anchor pole, now along with oil cylinder loads, T-socket moves, locking plate clamping anchor pole;
5) after the above step is finished, adjust stepless shift controller to pretightning force setting value, stretch-draw is carried out to anchor pole;
6) when bolt pretension reaches setting value, device is in voltage stabilizing state, and digital display type torque wrench now can be utilized to screw tapered cup nut, when moment of torsion reaches setting value, can complete the quantitative applying of bolt pretension;
7) turn off airduct and carry out fuel tank blowback oil, in oil return uninstall process, oil cylinder is retracted, and T-socket moves down and promotes locking plate and unclamps, and anchor pole automatically completes and moves back anchor;
8) this anchor rod drawing terminates, and removal device can carry out next working cycles.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Compared with other conventional pretightning force applying methods current, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) to overcome when tradition utilizes torque wrench or pneumatic impact wrench to apply pretightning force to full-thread bolt that moment of torsion transformation ratio is low, flight pitch is large and yielding and cause move back anchor difficulty, pretightning force applies difficulty and quantitatively cannot wait shortcoming;
2) solve bolt pretension secondary and apply difficult problem, be applicable to various wall caving or answering of rock crusher repaiies tunnel;
3) roadway full-fracture-surfacanchoring-rod can use and carry out supporting without vertical muscle full-thread bolt, namely available nothing indulges the twisted steel anchor rod of the end rolled thread that muscle full-thread bolt replaces existing back to adopt, and simplifies anchor rod construction process, reduces roadway support cost, save labour, improve roadway construction efficiency;
4) by stepless shifting apparatus, quantitatively can realize arranging the continuous free of discontinuities adjustment of anchor rod drawing power, meet the applying requirement of all size pretightning force;
5) by setting anchor rod drawing power numerical value gear in advance, can automatic voltage regulation during pretightning force setting value to be achieved, without the need to Artificial Control, pretightning force is applied more accurate;
6) in oil cylinder oil inlet loading procedure, anchor pole end is clamped by fixture, and when oil return unloads, fixture gets loose automatically, there is not the situation cannot moving back anchor because of anchor pole end stress deformation;
7) this pretightning force bringing device structure is simple, and convenient operation uses.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the agent structure schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
The preposition beam structure schematic top plan view that Fig. 2 (a) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
The preposition beam structure schematic front view that Fig. 2 (b) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
The rearmounted beam structure schematic top plan view that Fig. 3 (a) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
The rearmounted beam structure schematic front view that Fig. 3 (b) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
The tapered cup nut structure schematic top plan view that Fig. 4 (a) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
The tapered cup nut structure schematic front view that Fig. 4 (b) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
The T-socket structure schematic top plan view that Fig. 5 (a) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
The T-socket structure schematic front view that Fig. 5 (b) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
The digital display type torque wrench structure schematic top plan view that Fig. 6 (a) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
The digital display type torque wrench structure schematic front view that Fig. 6 (b) is apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1;
Fig. 7 be apparatus of the present invention corresponding diagram 1 automatically move back anchor device structural representation;
In figure: 1-country rock; 2-anchor pole; 3-anchor rod pallet board; The preposition crossbeam of 4-; 5-hydraulic pressure pliable support; 6-oil cylinder; The rearmounted crossbeam of 7-; 8-nut; 9-tapered cup nut; 10-T shape sleeve pipe; 11-locking plate; 12-taper; 13-height strong spring; 14-lock tube; 15-flowline; 16-oil inlet pipe; 17-pneumatic oil tank pump; The stepless shift controller of 18-; 19-digital display type torque wrench; 20-torque indicator.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Automatically the full-thread bolt pretightning force bringing device of anchor can be moved back, by preposition crossbeam 4, hydraulic pressure pliable support 5, oil cylinder 6, rearmounted crossbeam 7, tapered cup nut 9, locking plate 11, taper 12, high strong spring 13, pneumatic oil tank pump 17, stepless shift controller 18 and composition such as digital display type torque wrench 19 grade.Wherein, blast, by air intake input pneumatic oil tank pump 17, after locking plate 11 clamps anchor pole in lock tube 14, arranges oil cylinder 6 output services load, to realize the quantitative stretch-draw of full-thread bolt pretightning force by adjusting stepless shift controller 18.
Preposition crossbeam 4 mid portion has taper circular hole, and circular hole taper surface angle is consistent with tapered cup nut 9 external surface angle; Tapered cup nut 9 is installed in preposition disc-cone circular hole, tapered cup nut 9 central aperture part and anchor nut consistent size, and when pretightning force applies, tapered cup nut 9 is enclosed within above anchor rod nut; Center, tapered cup nut 9 end is provided with T-socket 10, and T-socket 10 diameter is consistent with lock tube 14 front end opening diameter, and during to ensure that preposition crossbeam 4 closes with rearmounted crossbeam 7, T-socket 10 front end can be stretched in lock tube 14 front end perforate, and locking plate 11 is opened; Tapered cup nut 9 end surface is along T-socket 10 outer ring to being evenly carved with a series of cylindrical hole, and its size and digital display type torque wrench 19 upper lackeves consistent size, to facilitate tightening nuts.
Lock tube 14 is installed on rearmounted crossbeam 7 centre position, is provided with locking plate 11 in the middle of lock tube 14, when opening oil cylinder 6 flowline 15, the preposition crossbeam in hydraulic pressure pliable support 5 front end 4 closes with rearmounted crossbeam 7, locking plate 11 moves down and keeps open configuration under T-socket 10 impetus of preposition crossbeam 4 centre position, now can pass anchor pole easily, if now open oil cylinder 6 oil inlet pipe, then preposition crossbeam 4 opens with rearmounted crossbeam 7, T-socket 10 moves, locking plate 11 can Automatic-clamping anchor pole under high strong spring 13 acts on, after the complete fastening nut of anchor pole stretch-draw, open oil cylinder 6 flowline 15, again close between preposition crossbeam 4 and rearmounted crossbeam 7, locking plate 11 opens, anchor pole can be realized and automatically move back anchor, can not occur because anchor pole Leading Edge Deformation cannot move back the situation of anchor.
Described hydraulic pressure pliable support 5 two ends are connected with rearmounted crossbeam 7 with preposition crossbeam 4 respectively; Described pneumatic oil tank pump 17 provides power by input blast, and is connected with stepless shift controller 18, quantitatively can realize continual and steady pretightning force and apply.
Two oil cylinders 6, by adopting the isobaric fuel feeding of common oil circuit mode, can realize the synchronous uniform load of two hydraulic pressure pliable supports 5.
The stepless shift controller 18 be connected with pneumatic oil tank pump 17 can realize carrying out free of discontinuities to pulling capacity in advance and set continuously, and can automatic voltage regulation when pulling capacity reaches preset value, digital display type torque wrench 19 now can be utilized to screw tapered cup nut 9, when moment of torsion reaches certain setting value, the quantitative applying of bolt pretension can be completed, there will not be the situation that pretightning force is excessive or not enough.
Automatically can move back the full-thread bolt pretightning force bringing device of anchor, now by reference to the accompanying drawings its operating procedure be set forth further:
1) pneumatic oil tank pump 17 and on-the-spot airduct are connected, and keep blow valve to be in closed condition;
2) tapered cup nut 9 in preposition crossbeam 4 is enclosed within anchor rod nut 8, and by anchor pole through in lock tube 14;
3) adjusting device angle, makes the central circular perforate of preposition crossbeam 4 better can coincide with anchor rod pallet board 3;
4) arrange stepless shift controller 18 to low-grade location, then open airduct switch, apply just pretightning force to anchor pole 2, now along with oil cylinder 6 loads, T-socket 10 moves, locking plate 11 clamps anchor pole;
5) after the above step is finished, adjust stepless shift controller 18 to pretightning force setting value, stretch-draw is carried out to anchor pole 2;
6) when anchor pole 2 pretightning force reaches setting value, device is in voltage stabilizing state, and digital display type torque wrench 19 now can be utilized to screw tapered cup nut 9, when moment of torsion reaches certain setting value, can complete the quantitative applying of bolt pretension;
7) turn off airduct and carry out fuel tank pump 17 oil return, in oil return uninstall process, oil cylinder 6 is retracted, and T-socket 10 moves down and promotes locking plate 10 and unclamps, and anchor pole automatically completes and moves back anchor;
8) this anchor rod drawing terminates, and removal device can carry out next working cycles.
This kind disclosed in this invention can move back the full-thread bolt pretightning force bringing device of anchor automatically, solve the various problems that full-thread bolt occurs in pretightning force applying process, can realize automatically moving back anchor, there is easy for operation, pretightning force and apply the features such as precision is high, stable performance.
The foregoing is only apparatus of the present invention preferably specific implementation, as known by the technical knowledge, the present invention also can be realized by other the embodiment not departing from its Spirit Essence or essential feature.Therefore, with regard to each side, all just illustrating, is not only.Within the scope of the present invention all or be all included in the invention being equal to the change in scope of the present invention.