CN103588946B - Halogen-free flame-retardant polyurethane expanded plastic - Google Patents

Halogen-free flame-retardant polyurethane expanded plastic Download PDF

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CN103588946B
CN103588946B CN201310463539.6A CN201310463539A CN103588946B CN 103588946 B CN103588946 B CN 103588946B CN 201310463539 A CN201310463539 A CN 201310463539A CN 103588946 B CN103588946 B CN 103588946B
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halogen
expanded plastic
free flame
polyurethane expanded
free
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CN103588946A (en
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何建雄
王一良
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Dongguan Xionglin New Materials Technology Co Ltd
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Dongguan Xionglin New Materials Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/4236—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups
    • C08G18/4238—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups derived from dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
    • C08G18/6637—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/664—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K3/2279—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of antimony
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/346—Clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/321—Phosphates
    • C08K2003/322—Ammonium phosphate

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of expanded plastic, and particularly relates to halogen-free flame-retardant polyurethane expanded plastic. The plastic is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40-80% of water, 10-20% of 1, 4-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 5-35% of polyethylene glycol adipate glycol, 2-5% of a chain extender 1, 4-butanediol, 1-5% of a halogen-free flame retardant, 0.001-0.1% of a catalyst, 0.1-1% of a foam stabilizer and 0.2-0.8% of an antioxidant. Compared with the prior art, the halogen-free flame-retardant polyurethane expanded plastic has the advantages that water is adopted as the foaming agent, so that damage caused by a fluorine-containing foaming agent such as HCFC-141b (1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane) to the environment is effectively avoided; the halogen-free flame retardant is added, so that the flame-retardant performance of the TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) expanded plastic is improved; the flame retardant used does not contain halogens or heavy metal elements such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and the like, so that the plastic satisfies the demand of European Union VDE (Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker) and is a green and environment-friendly material.

Description

A kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic
Technical field
The invention belongs to expanded plastic technical field, particularly relate to a kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic.
Background technology
TPU(thermoplastic polyurethane) be environmental protection macromolecule polymkeric substance, which overcome many defects of PVC and PU skin, not only have most of characteristic of rubber and common plastics, but also have excellent comprehensive physical and chemical property, so the following material that is otherwise known as.It is a kind of environment-friendly materials of maturation, the characteristics such as it has other plastics and the incomparable intensity of natural materials is high, good toughness, wear-resisting, cold-resistant, oil resistant, water-fast, ageing-resistant and weather, it also has the function of many excellences such as very high water-repellancy, water vapour permeability, windproof, cold-proof, antibacterial, mildew-resistant, warming, uvioresistant and fault offset simultaneously.
And after TPU foaming, may be used for making family's electrical article aspects such as sole, home insulation lagging material and freezer.But the whipping agent at present for making foaming TPU is generally HCFC-141b, because it contains halogen, therefore can cause damage to atmospheric ozone layer, run in the opposite direction with present environmental protection concept.And when foaming TPU being applied to family's electrical articles such as home insulation lagging material and freezer, foaming TPU should have flame-retarding characteristic, to guarantee its use safety.But current foaming TPU plastics all do not possess flame-retarding characteristic.
In view of this, necessaryly provide a kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic, it adopts water as whipping agent, and add not halogen-containing fire retardant, the polyurethane foam plastics obtained not only is had characteristics such as intensity is high, good toughness, wear-resisting, cold-resistant, oil resistant, water-fast, ageing-resistant and weather, and there is good flame-retarding characteristic and heat insulating characteristic, and energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: for the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic is provided, it adopts water as whipping agent, and add not halogen-containing fire retardant, the polyurethane foam plastics obtained not only is had characteristics such as intensity is high, good toughness, wear-resisting, cold-resistant, oil resistant, water-fast, ageing-resistant and weather, and there is good flame-retarding characteristic and heat insulating characteristic, and energy-conserving and environment-protective.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic, by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 40-80%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 10-20%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 5-35%;
Chainextender BDO 2-5%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 1-5%;
Catalyzer 0.001-0.1%;
Suds-stabilizing agent 0.1-1%;
Oxidation inhibitor 0.2-0.8%;
Described pneumatogen is at least one in sodium bicarbonate, saleratus and bicarbonate of ammonia, and described halogen-free flame retardants is at least one in ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, trimeric cyanamide, zinc borate, polynite, clay, aluminium hydroxide and ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE SB 203 99.8 PCT.
Wherein, number of chemical reaction can occur in polyurethane foam process, the reaction of the wherein reaction of isocyanic ester and hydroxyl, isocyanic ester and water is the important reactions of wherein two.Previous reaction is " gel reaction ", and polyvalent alcohol and polyisocyanates react the polymkeric substance generating high molecular weight; A rear reaction belongs to " foamable reaction ", and isocyanic ester and water react and generates substituted urea and carbonic acid gas.In preparation process, need the speed of relative movement controlling above two reactions, therefore need to use catalyzer.
When producing urethane foam, suds-stabilizing agent is an indispensable component, its role is to emulsification foam material, stable foam and adjustment abscess, it can increase the mutual solubility of each component, contributes to the formation of bubble, controls size and the homogeneity of abscess, impel the balance of foam cell gel tension force, make cell wall have elasticity, to keep gas here, prevent foam collapse.
One as halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic of the present invention is improved, and by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 50-70%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 12-18%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 10-30%;
Chainextender BDO 3-4%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 2-4%;
Catalyzer 0.005-0.1%;
Suds-stabilizing agent 0.2-0.8%;
Oxidation inhibitor 0.3-0.7%.
One as halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic of the present invention is improved, and by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 62.45%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 15%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 15%;
Chainextender BDO 3.5%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 3%;
Catalyzer 0.05%;
Suds-stabilizing agent 0.5%;
Oxidation inhibitor 0.5%.
One as halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic of the present invention is improved, and described catalyzer is two (dimethyl ethyl) ether or tetramethylethylened.
One as halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic of the present invention is improved, and described suds-stabilizing agent is organic silicon surfactant.
One as halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic of the present invention is improved; described oxidation inhibitor is four [methylene radical-3; 3 '; 5-(di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-pheny) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester, N; N '-bis-[[3-(3; 5)-di-t-butyl-4 hydroxy phenyl] propionyl] at least one in the stearic alcohol ester of hexanediamine, three [2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid esters and diphosphorous acid tetramethylolmethane.
Relative to prior art, the characteristics such as the intensity of the present invention not only conservation rate TPU is high, good toughness, wear-resisting, cold-resistant, oil resistant, water-fast, ageing-resistant and weather, and adopt water as whipping agent, the CO produced by it 2play the effect of foaming, efficiently avoid the harm that environment is caused that fluorine-containing whipping agents such as using HCFC-141b brings; The present invention, by adding halogen-free flame retardants, improves the flame retardant properties of TPU expanded plastic, and due to the fire retardant used not halogen-containing, the also heavy metal element such as not leaded, cadmium, mercury and chromium, meeting European Union VDE requirement, is a kind of material of environmental protection.In addition, when the present invention being used for family's electrical article such as heat insulating and freezer of house, because the thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam plastics is very low, therefore can drop to minimum by the thermosteresis of material, therefore its heat insulating characteristic is more excellent than general glass wool.And due to the rate of closed hole of polyurethane foam high, therefore, it is possible to the soaking into of anti-sealing, moisture and other corrosive liquid and gas effectively, and prevent growing and developing of microorganism, thus greatly extend the work-ing life of house and freezer etc.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, content of the present invention is further detailed, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to the content described by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic, by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 62.45%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 15%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 15%;
Chainextender BDO 3.5%;
Halogen-free flame retardants aluminium hydroxide 3%;
Two (dimethyl ethyl) ether 0.05% of catalyzer;
Suds-stabilizing agent organic silicon surfactant 0.5%;
Oxidation inhibitor four [methylene radical-3,3 ', 5-(di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-pheny) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester 0.5%.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic, by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 70%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 12.4%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 10%;
Chainextender BDO 4%;
Halogen-free flame retardants ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE SB 203 99.8 PCT 2%;
Catalyzer tetramethylethylened 0.1%;
Suds-stabilizing agent organic silicon surfactant 0.8%;
Oxidation inhibitor N, N '-bis-[[3-(3,5)-di-t-butyl-4 hydroxy phenyl] propionyl] hexanediamine 0.7%.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic, by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 49.995%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 18%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 24.5%;
Chainextender BDO 3%;
Halogen-free flame retardants ammonium phosphate 4%;
Catalyzer tetramethylethylened 0.005%;
Suds-stabilizing agent organic silicon surfactant 0.2%;
Oxidation inhibitor three [2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and the stearic alcohol ester 0.3% of diphosphorous acid tetramethylolmethane.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide a kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic, by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 40.1%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 20%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 35%;
Chainextender BDO 2%;
Halogen-free flame retardants polynite 1%;
Two (dimethyl ethyl) ether 0.1% of catalyzer;
Suds-stabilizing agent organic silicon surfactant 1%;
Oxidation inhibitor four [methylene radical-3,3 ', 5-(di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-pheny) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester 0.8%.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiments provide a kind of halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic, by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 74.699%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 10%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 5%;
Chainextender BDO 5%;
Halogen-free flame retardants zinc borate 2.5%;
Halogen-free flame retardants clay 2.5%;
Catalyzer tetramethylethylened 0.001%;
Suds-stabilizing agent organic silicon surfactant 0.1%;
Oxidation inhibitor three [2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and the stearic alcohol ester 0.2% of diphosphorous acid tetramethylolmethane.
The present invention adopts prepolymer method to prepare, concrete, first by 1,4-cyclohexyl diisocyanate and polyethylene glycol adipate glycol make performed polymer, then in performed polymer, water, catalyzer, suds-stabilizing agent, oxidation inhibitor, chainextender and fire retardant is added, and be uniformly mixed in homogenizer high speed and foam, solidification post curing.
Carry out Shore A hardness test, tensile strength test, unit elongation test and flame retardant rating test respectively to the halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic of embodiment 1 to 5, acquired results is in table 1.
Table 1: the test result of the physical properties of the expanded plastic of embodiment 1 to 5.
It should be noted that, according to the above description the announcement of book and elaboration, those skilled in the art in the invention can also change above-mentioned embodiment and revise.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to embodiment disclosed and described above, also should in the protection domain of claim of the present invention to equivalent modifications more of the present invention and change.In addition, although employ some specific terms in this specification sheets, these terms just for convenience of description, do not form any restriction to the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 40-80%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 10-20%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 5-35%;
Chainextender BDO 2-5%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 1-5%;
Catalyzer 0.001-0.1%;
Suds-stabilizing agent 0.1-1%;
Oxidation inhibitor 0.2-0.8%;
Described halogen-free flame retardants is at least one in ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, trimeric cyanamide, zinc borate, polynite, clay, aluminium hydroxide and ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE SB 203 99.8 PCT.
2. halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 50-70%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 12-18%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 10-30%;
Chainextender BDO 3-4%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 2-4%;
Catalyzer 0.005-0.1%;
Suds-stabilizing agent 0.2-0.8%;
Oxidation inhibitor 0.3-0.7%.
3. halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic according to claim 2, is characterized in that, by mass percentage, it is prepared from by following raw material:
Water 62.45%;
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexyl diisocyanate 15%;
Polyethylene glycol adipate glycol 15%;
Chainextender BDO 3.5%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 3%;
Catalyzer 0.05%;
Suds-stabilizing agent 0.5%;
Oxidation inhibitor 0.5%.
4. the halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: described catalyzer is two (dimethyl ethyl) ether or tetramethylethylened.
5. the halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: described suds-stabilizing agent is organic silicon surfactant.
6. the halogen-free anti-inflaming polyurethane expanded plastic according to any one of claims 1 to 3; it is characterized in that: described oxidation inhibitor is four [methylene radical-3; 3 '; 5-(di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-pheny) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester, N; N '-bis-[[3-(3; 5)-di-t-butyl-4 hydroxy phenyl] propionyl] at least one in the stearic alcohol ester of hexanediamine, three [2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid esters and diphosphorous acid tetramethylolmethane.
CN201310463539.6A 2013-10-08 2013-10-08 Halogen-free flame-retardant polyurethane expanded plastic Active CN103588946B (en)

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