CN113501926A

CN113501926A - Processing technology of polyurethane sponge

Info

Publication number: CN113501926A
Application number: CN202110847368.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐建
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-07-27
Filing date: 2021-07-27
Publication date: 2021-10-15

Abstract

The application provides a processing technology of polyurethane sponge, which is applied to the field of polyurethane sponge processing, and the processing technology selects a plurality of mixed materials of a component A, wherein the plurality of mixed materials comprise polyether polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, silicone oil, water, a foam stabilizer, a flame retardant and a chain extender; selecting a plurality of mixed materials of the component B, wherein the plurality of mixed materials comprise diisocyanate and an antibacterial agent; placing the component A in a static mixer, adding a foaming agent into the static mixer, stirring for 10min in advance, placing the component B in the static mixer, and mechanically stirring for more than 25min at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a standby mixture; therefore, the technical problem that the heat dissipation problem of foam is serious in the manufacturing process of the PU sponge, and when the heat in the foam is heated for a long time and is difficult to dissipate to the outside, the temperature of the foam is automatically raised to 180 ℃ in the foaming process, and the foam can be caused to spontaneously combust is solved.

Description

Processing technology of polyurethane sponge

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of polyurethane sponge processing, in particular to a processing technology of polyurethane sponge.

Background

The sponge is a porous material, has good water absorption and can be used for cleaning articles;

sponges commonly used by people are made of wood cellulose fibers or foamed plastic polymers; in addition, there are also natural sponges made of sponge animals, most of which are used for body cleaning or painting; in addition, there are three types of synthetic sponges made of other materials, respectively low-density polyether (non-absorbent sponge), polyvinyl alcohol (high-absorbent material, without significant pores) and polyester;

the polyurethane sponge is also called PU sponge, the PU sponge mainly comprises polyester and polyether type which can be sliced or rolled, and can also be compositely processed according to the requirements of customers, hot-pressing processing, blasting and tapping treatment and the like; because the PU sponge has the characteristics of heat preservation, heat insulation, sound absorption, shock absorption, flame retardance, static electricity prevention, good air permeability and the like, the PU sponge relates to various industries, including the automobile industry, the battery industry, the cosmetic industry, the bra underwear manufacturing industry, the high-grade furniture manufacturing industry and the like;

however, the heat dissipation problem of the foam is particularly serious in the manufacturing process of the PU sponge, when the heat in the foam is heated for a long time and is difficult to dissipate to the outside, the temperature of the foam is automatically raised to 180 ℃ in the foaming process, the foam is caused to spontaneously combust, the raw materials are damaged, and even the fire disaster of the whole factory can be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims at solving the problem that the heat dissipation problem of foam is particularly serious when PU sponge is in the process of manufacturing, when the heat in the foam is generated for a long time and is difficult to dissipate to the outside, the temperature of the foam automatically rises to 180 ℃ in the foaming process, and the technical problem of spontaneous combustion of the foam can be caused, so that the processing technology of the polyurethane sponge is provided.

The application adopts the following technical means for solving the technical problems:

a processing technology of polyurethane sponge comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting a plurality of mixed materials of the component A, wherein the plurality of mixed materials comprise polyether polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, silicone oil, water, a foam stabilizer, a flame retardant and a chain extender;

s2, selecting a plurality of mixed materials of the component B, wherein the plurality of mixed materials comprise diisocyanate and an antibacterial agent;

s3, placing the component A into a static mixer, adding a foaming agent into the static mixer, stirring for 10min in advance, placing the component B into the static mixer, and mechanically stirring for more than 25min at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a standby mixture;

s4, preheating the interior of a vacuum box in which the standby mixture needs to be kept stand, and preheating the interior of the vacuum box to 38 ℃;

s5, standing and foaming the standby mixture in the S3, putting the mixture into a preheated S4 vacuum box, extracting air from the vacuum box to reach the pressure of 0.05Mpa of the external pressure, and standing for 20-25 min;

and S6, obtaining the polyurethane sponge.

Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,

the component A comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 35-55 parts of polyether polyol, 1-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.3-1 part of catalyst, 1-5 parts of silicone oil, 1-5 parts of water, 1-3 parts of foam stabilizer, 3-6 parts of flame retardant and 0.2-0.8 part of chain extender;

the component B comprises the following materials in parts by weight: comprises 30 to 60 parts of diisocyanate and 0.1 to 2 parts of antibacterial agent.

Further, a compound containing a flame-retardant element is used as an initiator, and the initiator reacts with polyurethane polyol and then carries out ring-opening polymerization with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide; the polyether polyol is a compound polyether polyol which is generated by ring-opening polymerization of a halogen-containing epoxy compound monomer, a compound containing phosphorus, antimony and the like and an initiator mixture; the polyether polyol has a molar mass of 2000-5000 g/mol.

Further, the initiator is one or more of phosphorus oxychloride, antimony pentoxide, tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride, and many low molecular weight phosphate esters.

Further, the component B also comprises 0.2-0.8 part of flame retardant ethyl diethyl phosphate, 0.5-1 part of mildew preventive and 8-10 parts of hydroxyquinoline copper.

Further, the step of standing and foaming the ready-to-use mixture in S3, placing the ready-to-use mixture in a preheated vacuum box in S4, and pumping air into the vacuum box to reach 0.05Mpa of the external pressure for 20 to 25min includes:

and introducing atomized carbon dioxide into the preheated vacuum box for reaction.

Further, the standing foaming of the ready-to-use mixture in S3, placing the ready-to-use mixture in a preheated vacuum box in S4, and pumping air into the vacuum box to reach 0.05Mpa of the external pressure for 20 to 25min includes:

the vacuum box is internally provided with a cooling chamber, and when the temperature in the vacuum box exceeds 170 ℃, the standby mixture is placed in the cooling chamber.

Further, the catalyst is one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous isooctanoate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin, triethanolamine, triethylene diamine and triethylamine.

Further, the antibacterial agent is one or more of acylaniline, imidazole, thiazole, isothiazolone derivative, quaternary ammonium salt, biguanidine and phenols.

Further, the component A is a cyclopentane and isopentane series component.

The application provides a processing technology of polyurethane sponge, which has the following beneficial effects: selecting a plurality of mixed materials of the component A, wherein the plurality of mixed materials comprise polyether polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, silicone oil, water, a foam stabilizer, a flame retardant and a chain extender; selecting a plurality of mixed materials of the component B, wherein the plurality of mixed materials comprise diisocyanate and an antibacterial agent; placing the component A in a static mixer, adding a foaming agent into the static mixer, stirring for 10min in advance, placing the component B in the static mixer, and mechanically stirring for more than 25min at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a standby mixture; preheating the interior of a vacuum box in which the standby mixture needs to be kept stand, and preheating the interior of the vacuum box to 38 ℃; standing and foaming the mixture for later use, placing the mixture into a preheated vacuum box, and extracting air from the vacuum box to reach the pressure of 0.05Mpa of the external pressure for standing for 20-25 min; obtaining polyurethane sponge; therefore, the technical problem that the heat dissipation problem of foam is serious in the manufacturing process of the PU sponge, and when the heat in the foam is heated for a long time and is difficult to dissipate to the outside, the temperature of the foam is automatically raised to 180 ℃ in the foaming process, and the foam can be caused to spontaneously combust is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a process for making a polyurethane sponge according to the present application.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It is noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this application and the drawings described above are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the claims, the description and the drawings of the specification of the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity/action/object from another entity/action/object without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities/actions/objects.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a processing process of a polyurethane sponge according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

example one

A processing technology of polyurethane sponge comprises the following steps:

the component A comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of polyether polyol, 1 part of foaming agent, 0.3 part of catalyst, 1 part of silicone oil, 1 part of water, 1 part of foam stabilizer, 3 parts of flame retardant and 0.2 part of chain extender;

the component B comprises the following materials in parts by weight: comprises 30 portions of diisocyanate and 0.1 portion of antibacterial agent.

and S6, obtaining the polyurethane sponge.

In another embodiment, a compound containing a flame-retardant element is further included as an initiator, and the initiator reacts with polyurethane polyol and then carries out ring-opening polymerization with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide; the polyether polyol is a compound polyether polyol which is generated by ring-opening polymerization of a halogen-containing epoxy compound monomer, a compound containing phosphorus, antimony and the like and an initiator mixture; the molar mass of the polyether polyol is 3000 g/mol.

In another embodiment, the initiator is one or more of phosphorus oxychloride, antimony pentoxide, tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphorus chloride, and a number of low molecular weight phosphate esters.

In another embodiment, the component B also comprises 0.2 part of flame retardant ethyl diethyl phosphate, 0.5 part of mildew preventive and 8 parts of copper hydroxyquinoline.

Specifically, when the using amount is less, the reaction time of a small part of the standby mixture is too slow due to less catalyst, lower material temperature and lower environmental temperature, and the part of the standby mixture can have foam failure or thick foam holes after reaction, so that the reaction time can be adjusted to the foaming degree of the sponge to be immediately stopped, and the foaming density of the polyurethane sponge can be controlled immediately.

Example two

A processing technology of polyurethane sponge comprises the following steps:

the component A comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of polyether polyol, 5 parts of foaming agent, 1 part of catalyst, 5 parts of silicone oil, 5 parts of water, 3 parts of foam stabilizer, 6 parts of flame retardant and 0.8 part of chain extender;

the component B comprises the following materials in parts by weight: comprises 60 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of antibacterial agent.

and S6, obtaining the polyurethane sponge.

In another embodiment, a compound containing a flame-retardant element is further included as an initiator, and the initiator reacts with polyurethane polyol and then carries out ring-opening polymerization with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide; the polyether polyol is a compound polyether polyol which is generated by ring-opening polymerization of a halogen-containing epoxy compound monomer, a compound containing phosphorus, antimony and the like and an initiator mixture; the molar mass of the polyether polyol was 5000 g/mol.

In another embodiment, the component B also comprises 0.8 part of flame retardant ethyl diethyl phosphate, 1 part of mildew preventive and 10 parts of copper hydroxyquinoline.

Specifically, when the amount of the polyether polyol is large, the material temperature is high, the environment temperature is high, the reaction time of a small part of the standby mixture is too short, and the standby mixture can foam too long or has no foam pores after reaction, but in the case of large amount, the molar mass of the polyether polyol is 5000g/mol, so that the polyurethane sponge formed by quick foaming is facilitated.

EXAMPLE III

A processing technology of polyurethane sponge comprises the following steps:

the component A comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of polyether polyol, 3 parts of foaming agent, 0.6 part of catalyst, 3 parts of silicone oil, 3 parts of water, 2 parts of foam stabilizer, 5 parts of flame retardant and 0.5 part of chain extender;

the component B comprises the following materials in parts by weight: comprises 45 parts of diisocyanate and 1 part of antibacterial agent.

and S6, obtaining the polyurethane sponge.

In another embodiment, a compound containing a flame-retardant element is further included as an initiator, and the initiator reacts with polyurethane polyol and then carries out ring-opening polymerization with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide; the polyether polyol is a compound polyether polyol which is generated by ring-opening polymerization of a halogen-containing epoxy compound monomer, a compound containing phosphorus, antimony and the like and an initiator mixture; the molar mass of the polyether polyol is 3500 g/mol.

In another embodiment, the component B also comprises 0.5 part of flame retardant ethyl diethyl phosphate, 0.8 part of mildew preventive and 9 parts of copper hydroxyquinoline.

Specifically, when the using amount is appropriate, the reaction time of the whole standby mixture is equal due to the fact that the catalyst is in a middle range, the material temperature is in a middle range and the environment temperature is in a middle range, and meanwhile the standby mixture can be integrally and uniformly foamed after reaction, so that the situation that foam holes are thick cannot occur.

Example four

The standing foaming step of the standby mixture in the step S3, placing the standby mixture into a preheated vacuum box in the step S4, extracting air from the vacuum box to reach 0.05Mpa of the external pressure, and standing for 20-25 min comprises the following steps:

Specifically, when the preheated vacuum box is filled with mist carbon dioxide between liquid and gas, the overall balance of air pressure is difficult to accurately control in the vacuum negative pressure foaming technology;

as explained in the context of the negative pressure foaming technique:

p1 is atmospheric pressure, P2 is the outward expansion pressure to which the cells are subjected by the expansion of the gas inside the cells, G is the weight of the foam above the cells;

when P is more than or equal to P1+ G + P2, the foam can rise;

under negative pressure, P1 is a variable, P2 is a variable affected by P1;

once the external pressure applied to the foam material during foaming is reduced by 30 percent (namely 30 percent lower than the atmospheric pressure), the density of the foam plastic can be reduced by 15 to 20 percent; when the external pressure of the foam is reduced by 50%, the foam density can be reduced by 25-30%. Generally, under the condition of 0.1 MPa (1 atm) and the water consumption of 4.3 parts (per 100 parts of polyether polyol), the block foam with the density of about 24 kg/m3 can be prepared; when the external pressure is reduced to 0.05MPa, 4.3 parts of water can be used for preparing block foam with the density of 16 kg/m 3;

under the condition of negative pressure foaming, the rising time and the solidification time of the foam need to be properly adjusted, namely the rising time is prolonged, and the solidification time is delayed, so that the foam has a sufficient foaming chance under the negative pressure;

when the block bubble with a certain standard density is formulated by a user, the air pressure can be adjusted according to the conversion ratio;

because the foaming temperature is controlled by improving the negative pressure precision, the control is troublesome and the cost is high, the standby mixture in the whole vacuum box is cooled for the second time by the atomized carbon dioxide while negative pressure foaming is carried out, the effect of compensating and cooling can be achieved, the foaming efficiency of the atomized carbon dioxide is better than that of dichloromethane, the cost is lower, the foaming rate is more than double of that of dichloromethane and a CFC-11 foaming agent, the temperature of 170 ℃ spontaneous combustion of the standby mixture during the foaming process can be improved, the foaming can be continued, and the potential safety hazard can be cut off.

EXAMPLE five

The standing foaming of the standby mixture in the S3 is carried out, the standby mixture is placed into a preheated vacuum box S4, air is pumped into the vacuum box to reach 0.05Mpa of the external pressure, and the standing time is 20-25 min, and the method comprises the following steps:

when the foaming temperature of the standby mixture in the vacuum box is gradually increased to 160 ℃, the standby mixture is moved to a cooling chamber for cooling in the vacuum box, and when the standby mixture enters the cooling chamber for cooling for 10min, the standby mixture is moved to the vacuum box in the cooling chamber for foaming.

In another embodiment, the catalyst is one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous isooctanoate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin, triethanolamine, triethylenediamine, and triethylamine.

In another embodiment, the antibacterial agent is one or more of acylaniline, imidazole, thiazole, isothiazolone derivative, quaternary ammonium salt, biguanidine and phenol.

In another embodiment, the a component is a cyclopentane, isopentane series component.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The processing technology of the polyurethane sponge is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

and S6, obtaining the polyurethane sponge.

2. The process for producing polyurethane sponge according to claim 1,

3. The process for processing the polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process further comprises using a compound containing a flame retardant element as an initiator, reacting the initiator with polyurethane polyol, and then performing ring-opening polymerization with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide; the polyether polyol is a compound polyether polyol which is generated by ring-opening polymerization of a halogen-containing epoxy compound monomer, a compound containing phosphorus, antimony and the like and an initiator mixture; the polyether polyol has a molar mass of 2000-5000 g/mol.

4. The process of claim 3 wherein the starter is one or more of phosphorus oxychloride, antimony pentoxide, tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride and a plurality of low molecular weight phosphate esters.

5. The processing technology of the polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the component B further comprises 0.2-0.8 part of flame retardant diethyl ethylphosphate, 0.5-1 part of mildew preventive and 8-10 parts of copper hydroxyquinoline.

6. The processing technology of polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of standing for foaming the ready-to-use mixture in S3, placing the ready-to-use mixture in a preheated vacuum box of S4, and pumping air into the vacuum box to reach 0.05Mpa of the external pressure for 20-25 min comprises:

7. The process for preparing polyurethane sponge according to claim 1, wherein the step of foaming the ready-to-use mixture in S3 by standing, placing the ready-to-use mixture in a preheated vacuum chamber in S4, and pumping air into the vacuum chamber to reach 0.05Mpa of the external pressure for 20-25 min comprises:

8. The process for preparing polyurethane sponge according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous isooctanoate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin, triethanolamine, triethylenediamine and triethylamine.

9. The processing technology of the polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antibacterial agent is one or more of acylanilines, imidazoles, thiazoles, isothiazolone derivatives, quaternary ammonium salts, biguanidines and phenols.

10. The process for processing the polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the component A is a cyclopentane or isopentane series component.