CN103572279B - Wearing piece metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process - Google Patents
Wearing piece metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103572279B CN103572279B CN201310483545.8A CN201310483545A CN103572279B CN 103572279 B CN103572279 B CN 103572279B CN 201310483545 A CN201310483545 A CN 201310483545A CN 103572279 B CN103572279 B CN 103572279B
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Abstract
A kind of wearing piece metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process, according to the shape of wearing piece matrix, laser beam focus irradiation forms miniature molten bath on wearing piece matrix surface; Powdered alloy is the fusing of injection molten bath under the blowing of the rare gas element such as argon gas or helium; Steel fiber is direct injection molten bath under the blowing of the rare gas element such as argon gas or helium, the fusing point of steel fiber far above bath temperature, when after laser beam away, the liquid metal quick solidification in molten bath, cooling, by steel fiber parcel wherein, single track metal fiber reinforced composite material coating is formed; The position of adjustment laser head, carries out the shaping of second metal fiber reinforced coating, and front and back twice coating overlaps; Repeat overlap joint, obtain the strengthening layer of certain thickness and area; The strengthening layer be shaped piles up new strengthening layer again, until reach the height of regulation, thus obtains the abrasion piece of metal fiber reinforced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of making of wearing piece, especially relate to the metal fiber reinforced matrix material and manufacture craft thereof that use in a kind of applicable wearing piece manufacture and surface strengthening.
Background technology
Grinder hammerhead, tooth plate, rolled mortar wall, crushing wall, excavator shovel tooth, the abrasive wear parts such as coalcutter and development machine pick, generally belong to medium and small component, easily draw attention unlike engine, vehicle body, the larger-size parts of frame equal-volume in design and manufacture.But because these abrasion pieces are mostly positioned on equipment, and directly contact working medium, the performance of complete machine and working efficiency etc. will be embodied by the work of these abrasion pieces.Therefore, the quality of abrasion piece quality affects the performance of complete machine, life-span, working efficiency and engineering cost.Compared with visual appearance, the quality product of above-mentioned abrasive wear part more mainly depends on its manufactured materials and internal organizational structure.The identical product of profile, size, model, specification, the inner quality such as material, tissue is different, and work-ing life can differ several times, Shi Jibei.
The manufactured materials of above-mentioned abrasion piece widely uses Mn13 series austenite high mangaenese steel the earliest.High mangaenese steel good toughness, but wear resistance is not enough, especially when impact load and contact stress little, high mangaenese steel fully can not show the superiority of its work hardening, and the work-ing life of foundry goods is very low.The ni-hard cast iron grown up subsequently, because price is higher, fails extensively to be applied.The third generation wear-resistant material that rich chromium cast iron is generally acknowledged after being high mangaenese steel, ni-hard cast iron, its hardness is high, but not shock-resistant, easily ftractures, and affects the use safety of wearing piece.Therefore, novel wear-resisting, impact-resistant high performance material must be studied, to improve the work-ing life of abrasion piece.
Method about abrasion piece surface enhanced is disclosed at present, as a kind of welding wire sending and pulverized solder sending laser cladding forming method and device that the patent No. is CN201010017158.1, be disclosed in abrasion piece surface in this patent and form molten bath by LASER HEATING fusing abrasion piece surface, metal-powder and wire is sent in molten bath, and the metal-powder sent in molten bath and wire are all melted in molten bath, be difficult to play good crack resistence and toughening effect to abrasion piece surface like this.And application number is a kind of cladding layer crack control method of laser surface cladding process of CN201010616580.9, the diameter handled well is adopted tightly to apply in metallic surface at 0.2 ㎜ ~ 0.3 ㎜ twine in the method, then cladding is adopted to process twine cladding in metallic surface, twine plays the effect absorbing crack propagation, but the wire cloth in the method affects by its diameter to be limit, be difficult to realize knitmesh, cost is high; And this mesh wire diameter is compared steel fiber and is belonged to larger-diameter; In cladding processing, because mesh wire diameter is comparatively large, because the space produced between twine and metal after cooling meat is larger, cause internal structure cannot be fine and close, very easily produce miniature gap at twine and intermetallic, easily produce and loosen and cracking, therefore effect of anti-cracking is unsatisfactory; In addition, the twine of the method can only play certain strengthening effect on the twine plane layer at cladding twine place, that is strengthening effect only can act on that plane layer existing for twine, and the thickness of twine is very little again, like this, the three-dimensional intensity of whole workpiece cannot be strengthened, and easily causes metallic surface to be easy to destroy; In addition, the material property that the theoretical method of application number described in the document of CN201010616580.9 draws is uneven, and material belongs to " anisotropic material ", and namely performance is different in all directions for material, impact application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process, and this technological operation is simple, not only possesses omnibearing high rigidity, high-wearing feature, also will have high tenacity, greatly can improve the work-ing life of wearing piece.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: this wearing piece metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process, manufacture craft following steps:
(1) wearing piece matrix is arranged on numerically-controlled machine, according to the shape of wearing piece matrix, by the running orbit of numerical control programming determination laser head;
(2) CO is adopted
2high energy laser beam carries out scanning and irradiation according to special process parameter at wearing piece matrix surface, and laser beam focus irradiation forms miniature molten bath on wearing piece matrix surface;
(3) powdered alloy is under the blowing of the rare gas element such as argon gas or helium, and the inner flow passage along coaxial powder-feeding nozzle moves, and is inverted conical ejection in nozzle bottom, and powdered alloy flies in atmosphere to converge after a very short time and injects molten bath fusing;
(4) steel fiber is under the blowing of the rare gas element such as argon gas or helium, enter and bath level face side direction nozzle in angle of 45 degrees, aligning molten bath, side direction nozzle bottom, steel fiber is after the ejection of side direction nozzle, and directly inject molten bath, the fusing point of steel fiber is far above bath temperature, when after laser beam away, liquid metal quick solidification in molten bath, cooling, by steel fiber parcel wherein, form single track metal fiber reinforced composite material coating;
(5) adjust the position of laser head, be close to the single track metal fiber reinforced composite material coating that step (4) has been shaped, carry out the shaping of second metal fiber reinforced coating, front and back twice coating overlaps;
(6) repeating step (5), realizes big area overlap joint, obtains the strengthening layer of certain thickness and area;
(7) after one deck strengthening layer has been piled up, laser head rises the distance of a strengthening layer thickness, and repeating step (1), to the process of (6), the strengthening layer be shaped piles up new strengthening layer again, until reach the height of regulation, thus obtain the abrasion piece of metal fiber reinforced.
After laser beam line focus, irradiation, on wearing piece matrix, forms surface micro molten bath.Powdered alloy, under the blowing of carrier gas stream, from the ejection of coaxial powder-feeding nozzle bottom, injects molten bath fusing; Steel fiber is under the blowing of carrier gas stream simultaneously, from the ejection of side direction nozzle bottom, injects molten bath.Because the fusing point of steel fiber is far above the fusing point of alloy powder, by controlling laser power density and sweep velocity, can make bath temperature between wearing piece matrix (as high-chromium cast iron alloy 1550 degrees centigrade) and steel fiber fusing point (as molybdenum fiber melt 2610 degrees Celsius), thus steel fiber does not melt, when after laser beam away, liquid metal quick solidification in molten bath, cooling, by steel fiber parcel wherein, form metal fiber reinforced matrix material.By controlling the running orbit of laser beam, and adjusting powder feeding mechanism, difform strengthening layer can be obtained on abrasion piece surface; Piled up by single track cladding, multi-track overlapping, multilayer, finally can obtain the wearing piece of metal fiber reinforced, its performance promotes greatly.
The size of steel fiber is (as molybdenum fiber, the about 1.5um of diameter, length 150 microns), steel fiber is very thin, and length is approximately 100 times of diameter, steel fiber ratio is easier to conveying, directly can inject molten bath under the conveying of carrier gas, and realizes being uniformly distributed, because steel fiber is very thin, enter after in metal and contact with metal in close, in conjunction with after internal structure densification, not easily produce gap.After steel fiber adds wearing piece, hinder the motion of crystal boundary, dislocation, increase the strength of materials, hardness and wear resistance; Secondly, the steel fiber of Dispersed precipitate also plays the effect of similar Spider Web, and the surging force that local is subject to spreads towards periphery through the conduction of steel fiber, therefore, local pressure can not be there is exceed the intensity of material and ftracture, thus improve the impact resistance of material, namely increase the toughness of material; In addition, after steel fiber is injected molten bath, steel fiber plays chilling action, and the condensate depression of wearing piece matrix metal is increased, and promotes heterogeneous nucleation, crystal nucleation rate is increased greatly; Speed of cooling increases, and stops grain growth, makes crystal grain refinement greatly, and after grain refining, the intensity of material, hardness, wear resistance and plasticity, toughness all get a promotion.
Steel fiber is the one in molybdenum filament, titanium fiber, tungsten fiber and high-melting-point Stainless Steel Fibre, mean diameter 1.5 μm, mean length 150 μm.
Laser power is 2.0 × 10
3~ 8.0 × 10
3w, laser beam radius is 5 ~ 15mm, and powder feed rate is 5 ~ 15g/min, and laser scanning speed is 0.2 ~ 0.8m/min, and overlapping fraction is 35% ~ 45%.
Wherein wearing piece matrix is grinder hammerhead, tooth plate, rolled mortar wall, crushing wall or excavator shovel tooth.
The effect that the present invention is useful is: high-abrasive material of the present invention and preparation technology thereof, both can carry out the surface strengthening of abrasion piece, also can repair abrasion piece, even directly manufacture steel fiber strengthening part, reinforced metal internal structure, is not limited only in metallic surface or a plane.After steel fiber adds, hinder the motion of crystal boundary, dislocation on the one hand, increase the strength of materials, hardness, wear resistance; The steel fiber of Dispersed precipitate also plays the effect of similar Spider Web on the other hand, namely the surging force that portion is subject to of having spreads towards periphery through the conduction of steel fiber, therefore, local pressure can not be there is exceed the intensity of material and ftracture, thus improve the impact resistance of material, namely increase the toughness of wearing piece matrix.By the homogenize material that this technique is prepared from, isotropy, all directions performance is consistent, and effect is very good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that metal fiber reinforced matrix material of the present invention makes schematic diagram;
Description of reference numerals: worktable 1, tup 2, metal fiber reinforced composite material coating 3, side direction nozzle 4, laser head 5, powdered alloy entrance 6, coaxial powder-feeding nozzle 7, laser beam 8.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
With reference to accompanying drawing: for grinder hammerhead, its shape as shown in Figure 1.This wearing piece metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process, manufacture craft following steps:
(1) on worktable 1, with chuck, fixture, tup 2 is fixed, and make it to rotate with chuck.According to the shape on tup 2 surface, by the running orbit of numerical control programming determination laser head;
(2) adjust the distance on laser head and tup 2 surface, make laser beam 8 just in time focus on the surface of tup 2, adopt CO
2high energy laser beam carries out scanning and irradiation according to the laser head running orbit determined in (1) at wearing piece matrix surface, forms circular molten bath on tup 2 surface;
(3) powdered alloy is under the blowing of the rare gas element such as argon gas or helium, coaxial powder-feeding nozzle 7 is entered from powder carrier gas inlet 6, inner flow passage along coaxial powder-feeding nozzle 7 moves, be inverted conical ejection in nozzle bottom, powdered alloy flies in atmosphere to converge after a very short time and injects molten bath fusing.
(4) mean diameter 1.5 microns, the metal molybdenum fiber of mean length 150 microns is under the blowing of the rare gas element such as argon gas or helium, enter and bath level face side direction nozzle 4 in angle of 45 degrees, side direction nozzle is fixed on coaxial powder-feeding nozzle by support, aligning molten bath, its underpart, after steel fiber sprays from side direction nozzle 4, direct injection molten bath, the fusing point of steel fiber is far above bath temperature, when after laser beam away, liquid metal quick solidification in molten bath, cooling, steel fiber is wrapped in wherein, form single track metal fiber reinforced composite material coating 3,
(5) adjust the position of laser head 5, be close to the single track metal fiber reinforced composite material coating 3 that step (4) has been shaped, carry out the shaping of second metal fiber reinforced coating, front and back twice coating overlaps, and overlapping rate is 35 ~ 45%;
(6) repeating step (5), realizes big area overlap joint, obtains the strengthening layer of certain thickness and area;
(7) after one deck strengthening layer has been piled up, laser head rises the distance of a strengthening layer thickness, and repeating step (1), to the process of (6), the strengthening layer be shaped piles up new strengthening layer again, until reach the height of regulation, thus obtain the abrasion piece of metal fiber reinforced.
Laser power is 2.0 × 10
3~ 8.0 × 10
3w, laser beam radius is 5 ~ 15mm, and powder feed rate is 5 ~ 15g/min, and laser scanning speed is 0.2 ~ 0.8m/min, and overlapping fraction is 35% ~ 45%.Wearing piece matrix is grinder hammerhead, tooth plate, rolled mortar wall, crushing wall or excavator shovel tooth.
(comparative group one adopts powdered alloy and wire cladding to form rich chromium cast iron on wearing piece surface as follows in the performance perameter contrast of metal/reinforcement composite material; Comparative group two adopts the cladding of metal twine to be formed in metallic surface; Embodiment one adopts working method of the present invention, with the fiber reinforced high chromium cast iron material of molybdenum):
| Performance index | Hardness | Tensile strength | Impelling strength | Life-span (be processed as grinder hammerhead, use in certain cement mill) | |
| Comparative group one | Rich chromium cast iron (as cast condition) | 620HV0.2 | 700MPa | 7.2J/cm2 | About 15 months |
| Comparative group two | Abrasion piece (cladding of individual layer twine) | 550HV0.2 | 620MPa | 9.6J/cm2 | About 18 months |
| Embodiment one | The fiber reinforced rich chromium cast iron of molybdenum (laser melting coating) | 760HV0.2 | 950MPa | 15J/cm2 | More than 32 months |
Although the present invention has illustrated by reference to preferred embodiment and has described, those skilled in the art should understand, and in the scope of claims, can do the various change in form and details.
Claims (4)
1. a wearing piece metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process, is characterized in that: described manufacture craft following steps:
(1) wearing piece matrix is arranged on numerically-controlled machine, according to the shape of wearing piece matrix, by the running orbit of numerical control programming determination laser head;
(2) CO is adopted
2high energy laser beam is according to determining in (1) that the running orbit of laser head carries out scanning and irradiation at wearing piece matrix surface, and laser beam focus irradiation forms miniature molten bath on wearing piece matrix surface;
(3) powdered alloy is under the blowing of argon gas or helium, and the inner flow passage along coaxial powder-feeding nozzle moves, and is inverted conical ejection in nozzle bottom, and powdered alloy flies in atmosphere to converge after a very short time and injects molten bath fusing;
(4) steel fiber is under the blowing of argon gas or helium, entering with bath level face is the side direction nozzle of 45 degree of angles, aligning molten bath, side direction nozzle bottom, steel fiber is after the ejection of side direction nozzle, and directly inject molten bath, the fusing point of steel fiber is far above bath temperature, when after laser beam away, liquid metal quick solidification in molten bath, cooling, be wrapped in steel fiber wherein, forms single track metal fiber reinforced composite material coating;
(5) adjust the position of laser head, be close to the single track metal fiber reinforced composite material coating that step (4) has been shaped, carry out the shaping of second metal fiber reinforced coating, front and back twice coating overlaps;
(6) repeating step (5), realizes big area overlap joint, obtains the strengthening layer of certain thickness and area;
(7) after one deck strengthening layer has been piled up, laser head rises the distance of a strengthening layer thickness, and repeating step (1), to the process of (6), the strengthening layer be shaped piles up new strengthening layer again, until reach the height of regulation, thus obtain the abrasion piece of metal fiber reinforced.
2. wearing piece metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described steel fiber is the one in molybdenum filament, titanium fiber, tungsten fiber and high-melting-point Stainless Steel Fibre, mean diameter 1.5 μm, mean length 150 μm.
3. wearing piece metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described laser power is 2.0 × 10
3~ 8.0 × 10
3w, laser beam radius is 5 ~ 15mm, and powder feed rate is 5 ~ 15g/min, and sweep velocity is 0.2 ~ 0.8m/min, and overlapping rate is 35 ~ 45%.
4. wearing piece metal fiber reinforced compound manufacture process as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described wearing piece matrix is the tup of crusher, tooth plate, rolled mortar wall or crushing wall, excavator shovel tooth, coal winning machine cutting bit or development machine pick.
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| CN105970211A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-09-28 | 四川三阳永年增材制造技术有限公司 | Multifunctional spray head for laser cladding and application method thereof |
| CN112538309B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-03-11 | 浙江机电职业技术学院 | Wear-resistant anti-seismic coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN112658290B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-08-26 | 浙江机电职业技术学院 | Power self-feedback device for laser coaxial powder feeding additive manufacturing |
| CN115178734A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-10-14 | 广州大学 | Granular double/multi-metal composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN117551999B (en) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-03-22 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Preparation method of dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of cone crusher, dynamic cone and cone crusher |
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| JPH01290781A (en) * | 1988-05-18 | 1989-11-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ceramic fiber reinforced material |
| CN1143689A (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1997-02-26 | 河北工业大学 | Fibre toughened metal ceramic build-up welding layer and part with same and its spraying welding method |
| CN101109083A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2008-01-23 | 沈阳大陆激光成套设备有限公司 | Laser cladding repair technique for engine crankshaft |
| CN101187022A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-05-28 | 沈阳大陆激光技术有限公司 | Laser cladding Co-based alloy powder for conductor roll |
| CN102002710A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-04-06 | 两仪激光技术（天津）有限公司 | Cladding layer crack control method of laser surface cladding process |
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2013
- 2013-10-16 CN CN201310483545.8A patent/CN103572279B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01290781A (en) * | 1988-05-18 | 1989-11-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ceramic fiber reinforced material |
| CN1143689A (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1997-02-26 | 河北工业大学 | Fibre toughened metal ceramic build-up welding layer and part with same and its spraying welding method |
| CN101109083A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2008-01-23 | 沈阳大陆激光成套设备有限公司 | Laser cladding repair technique for engine crankshaft |
| CN101187022A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-05-28 | 沈阳大陆激光技术有限公司 | Laser cladding Co-based alloy powder for conductor roll |
| CN102002710A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-04-06 | 两仪激光技术（天津）有限公司 | Cladding layer crack control method of laser surface cladding process |
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