CN103571630A - Pre-treatment method used for preparing biodiesel from swill oil and trench oil - Google Patents
Pre-treatment method used for preparing biodiesel from swill oil and trench oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103571630A CN103571630A CN201210253423.5A CN201210253423A CN103571630A CN 103571630 A CN103571630 A CN 103571630A CN 201210253423 A CN201210253423 A CN 201210253423A CN 103571630 A CN103571630 A CN 103571630A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pre-treatment method used for preparing biodiesel from swill oil and trench oil. The pre-treatment method comprises following steps: step 1, swill oil and trench oil are chosen as waste raw oil, and are delivered into a discharging pond; step 2, an acid solution is added, and the mixed solution is heated and mixed so as to realize complete acidification of the waste raw oil; step 3, after acidification, the mixed solution is allowed to stand so as to realize liquid separation, and an upper oil layer, a middle waste water layer and a lower residue layer are obtained; step 4, the upper oil layer is collected, and is filtered so as to remove slag; step 5, after filtration , a concentrated acid is added into the filtered oil layer, and the mixture is boiled by heating so as to realize carbonization polymerization and precipitation separation of a large amount of impurities, and obtained acidized oil; and step 6, the acidized oil is subjected to water washing, dehydrating and decolouring so as to obtain refined waste oil. Beneficial effects of the pre-treatment method are that: the pre-treatment method is capable of preparing refined waste oil, which is low in water content and impurity content, is uniform in quality, and is suitable for application in stable biodiesel production lines, from waste cooking oil with complex composition and nonuniform quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production technique of biofuel, especially relate to a kind of pretreatment technology that uses swill oil, sewer oil production biofuel, produce and meet the refining waste oil that production of biodiesel requires, stable to ensure biodiesel processes.
Background technology
Biofuel is the lipid acid mono alkyl ester for example, being made through transesterify by animal-plant oil and alcohol (methyl alcohol or ethanol), and most typical is fatty acid methyl ester, with BD100, represents, carries out national standard GB/T20828～2007.Biofuel Blended fuel (B5) is carried out national standard GB/T25199～2010.Biofuel is that a kind of good petrifaction diesel supplements and substitute.
In the evolution of biofuel, once there were the production methods such as direct mixing method, mini-emulsion process, pyrolysis method and ester-interchange method.Directly mixing and micro emulsifying method are that animal-plant oil is mixed in petrifaction diesel, do not change the chemical composition of grease.The product that pyrolysis method forms does not possess lipid acid mono alkyl ester molecular structure yet.Only has ester-interchange method to produce to meet the biofuel product of standard GB/T/T20828～2007.
Production biofuel grease used has different requirements according to technique difference.Developed country is used polished fat's production biofuel more.Domestic for avoid with people strive grain, with grain strive ground, fully use the inedible oil resources such as sewer oil, swill oil, frying waste oil, acidification oil, crude oil inferior, can be referred to as non-polished fat.Use non-polished fat can reduce production costs to a certain extent and be beneficial to the non-food product direction application of waste oil.
In non-refining oil, sewer oil, swill oil, frying waste oil can be referred to as waste cooking oil.The generalized concept of waste cooking oil refers to all discarded food oils, comprise the various single or discarded edible vegetable oil that mixes of soybean oil, Semen Maydis oil, sunflower seed oil, mixed oil, palm wet goods, and roast duck oil, chicken fat, butter, lard, pluck wet goods animal grease.After pretreatment can good conformity production of biodiesel by waste cooking oil, enter clean reproducible energy field, food safety is also had to good promoter action.
Frying oil is repeatedly to fry the waste oil that rear peroxide value, colloid exceed standard.
Swill oil also claims hogwash fat, refers to the oil mixing in short-term castoff of food and drink, various leftovers leftovers.Swill oil is because of time length, how many containing leftovers amount, and how many containing non-nutrition impurity such as plastics, chopsticks, how variant degree of spoilage difference is.Comparatively fresh swill oil, as food is fried waste oil, the fragrance that chafing dish is oily, the contained oil of fresh leftovers itself still has normal oil gives up.Extend in time, various dirts mix and the corrupt waste oil quality of destroying, and swill oil are progressively worsened, dirty fouling.Sewer oil refers generally to the oil that waste discharge trench oil trap reclaims from food and drink, and itself is severe exacerbation, is full of stench, but the treated wherein oil mixture of grease that still can reclaim is the serious severe waste grease of quality.Swill oil, sewer oil main manifestations are difference from quantitative change to qualitative change, there is no obvious boundary.
In swill oil, sewer oil, contain the solid impurities such as much starch, protein, fiber, dust, dish leaf, Chinese prickly ash, chopsticks; Solid impurity adsorbs again a certain amount of water after becoming pasty state, contains again the water-soluble impurities such as salt, sugar in water; Waste oil, because hydrolysis degree difference contains free fatty acids in various degree, contains small molecules aldehyde, ketone, the aobvious sordes matter of acids because oxidative rancidity degree difference is different with microorganism degree of decomposition; Because of similar, mix with the various oil soluble impurity of component; Assorted etc. with the glue of different profit amphiphilics again because of emulsification.This class waste oil is all mixtures of more complicated of form component, and main body composition grease is still triglyceride level, and is with some free fatty acids.
Take swill oil, sewer oil as main waste cooking oil production biofuel mainly cash as: in raw material, the assorted content of water is high and unstable, cause the mechanical damages such as catalyst failure, reactor coking, line clogging, burn into pump, reaction not exclusively, energy consumption is high, yield is low, technique is unstable, product quality is poor etc.For this reason, water in waste cooking oil need to be mixed and removed as far as possible, could well comply with production of biodiesel.General requirement is mixed content at least lower than 5%w as the waste cooking oil water of production of biodiesel raw material, through the smart waste oil water of this art breading, mixes stable content lower than 1%w, has technology economy advantage clearly.This technique has obvious necessity as the waste cooking oil pretreatment technology for production of biodiesel.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiency in prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of pretreatment technology that uses swill oil, sewer oil production biofuel, produces and meets the refining waste oil that production of biodiesel requires, to ensure that biofuel is stable.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Processing step of the present invention is as follows:
The first step, selects swill oil, sewer oil for useless stock oil, imports dump chest;
Second step, adds sour water heating to mix, and makes the useless abundant acidifying of stock oil;
The 3rd step, staticly settles separatory after acidifying, be divided into upper strata grease, middle level sewage and lower floor's sediment;
The 4th step, extracts upper strata grease deslagging filtering;
The 5th step, adds concentrated acid and adds hot acid and boil after filtration, make a large amount of impurity carbonization polymerizations precipitate and separate, obtains acidification oil;
The 6th step, acidification oil becomes refining waste oil through washing, dehydration, decolouring.
In the above-mentioned the first step, useless stock oil is heated, keep useless stock oil to be in a liquid state.
In above-mentioned second step, steam indirect heating appropriateness stir, and guarantee acidifying.
In above-mentioned the 4th step, upper strata grease is squeezed into deslagging filtering in centrifugal type filter with pump.
In above-mentioned the 5th step, add the concentrated acid of the oil quality per-cent 0.5% after filtration, be heated to 120 ℃ to 130 ℃ acid and boil 1 hour.
After staticly settling separatory after acidifying, obtain slag and sewage, slag can mix and send into boiler combustion with coal.After acid is boiled, the impurity precipitating and isolating and acid sludge after need to mixing with appropriate unslaked lime again with coal multifuel combustion.
The effect that the present invention is useful is:
1, the waste cooking oil of complicated component, streaking one can be processed into moisture assorted lowly, quality is even, is applicable to the refining waste oil that stable biodiesel oil production line is used;
2, this present invention also can be used for producing other oil and fat chemical directions such as lipid acid;
3, production process is by the organic impurity of by-product all for boiler combustion, and the heat energy of generation is for native system, energy-conservation and significantly reduce garbage emission.
4, sewage is through purifying treatment, without outer row;
5, oil quality improves, and impels subsequent production to improve, macroeconomic successful.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the present embodiment.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1, processing step of the present invention is as follows: purchase is useless stock oil through chemical examination and Technological Economy accounting acceptable sewer oil, swill wet goods, by transporting by tank car or oil drum transports, open steam purges, and topples over or assists discharging to enter dump chest by the pump with strainer.Adopt two dump chests (dump chest A, dump chest B) to be used alternatingly.The using and the reserved, full rear alternately discharging.When dump chest storage capacity is more, steam (thermal source A) indirect heating, keeps waste oil to be in a liquid state.
With the height adjustable oil-immersed pump with filter screen, to acidification pool dnockout, and add the sour water (can be acid-bearing wastewater, cost-saving) of its mass percent approximately 20% to carry out acidifying, the check of sampling pH test paper is obviously acid.Steam (thermal source B) indirect heating appropriateness stir, and guarantee that acidifying is thorough, and hydrophilic impurity fully absorbs water, alkaline matter Production Wastewater By Combined Acidification And Demulsification.
After 2 hours, (acidificatoin time) enters settling bowl sedimentation, and acidification pool continues charging and carries out acidification.Separatory after sedimentation (2 hours), obtains upper strata grease, middle level sewage and lower floor's sediment.
Settling bowl middle level sewage and lower floor's sediment are after coarse filtration B, and sewage is sent into the dirty water decontamination handles station, are back to treegarden irrigation and ground flushing in factory after purification.Filter residue can be used for boiler combustion.
Upper strata grease is squeezed into deslagging filtering in centrifugal type filter (coarse filtration A) with pump, after the filter residue and drying obtaining through thick worry A, deliver coal (can be used for boiler combustion), with coal multifuel combustion, provide heat energy.The oil obtaining after filtration adds the concentrated acid of its mass percent 0.5%, is heated to 120 ℃ to 130 ℃ acid and boils 1 hour.Make a large amount of impurity carbonization polymerizations precipitate and separate, the grease natural subsidence after acid is boiled 1 hour, the acidification oil obtaining can be directly used in production of biodiesel, water-content vestige wherein, foreign matter content is lower than 1%.After the acid sludge of lower floor's deposition and the unslaked lime powder blending of sour quality equivalent, send into coal yard, with coal-fired multifuel combustion.
Oil after acidifying to the heat exchange of reuse sour water after, self temperature is down to below 80 ℃, adds the reuse soft water agitator treating of its mass percent 20%, afterwards separatory.After washing, water (sour water) is sent into acidification pool with next batch after washing oil product heat exchange.Upper strata grease after washing adds atlapulgite adsorption bleaching after flashing tower vacuum hydro-extraction, and the filter of sheet frame essence becomes the refining waste oil of light color.With reuse after the atlapulgite regeneration of crossing.If personal in factory, along connecing biodiesel oil production line, can omit this step with energy efficient, simplify technique.
The interchanger that the present invention selects, pipeline, equipment etc. all should be considered resistance to acid corrosion to a certain degree, should select 316L material to build.The cement of contact grease is also selected anti-acid.
Above-mentioned facility all should be in indoor construction, and especially north cold area, scatters and disappears to reduce hot loss of energy and unpleasant odor.
The acid of selecting is for meeting the vitriol oil of standard GB/T/T534-2002 industrial sulphuric acid salable product.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a pretreatment technology for swill oil, sewer oil production biofuel, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
The first step, selects swill oil, sewer oil for useless stock oil, imports dump chest;
Second step, adds sour water heating to mix, and makes the useless abundant acidifying of stock oil;
The 3rd step, staticly settles separatory after acidifying, be divided into upper strata grease, middle level sewage and lower floor's sediment;
The 4th step, extracts upper strata grease deslagging filtering;
The 5th step, adds concentrated acid and adds hot acid and boil after filtration, make a large amount of impurity carbonization polymerizations precipitate and separate, obtains acidification oil;
The 6th step, acidification oil becomes refining waste oil through washing, dehydration, decolouring.
2. the pretreatment technology of a kind of swill oil according to claim 1, sewer oil production biofuel, is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned the first step, useless stock oil is heated, keep useless stock oil to be in a liquid state.
3. the pretreatment technology of a kind of swill oil according to claim 1, sewer oil production biofuel, is characterized in that: in above-mentioned second step, steam indirect heating appropriateness stir, and guarantee acidifying.
4. the pretreatment technology of a kind of swill oil according to claim 1, sewer oil production biofuel, is characterized in that: in above-mentioned the 4th step, upper strata grease is squeezed into deslagging filtering in centrifugal type filter with pump.
5. the pretreatment technology of a kind of swill oil according to claim 1, sewer oil production biofuel, is characterized in that: in above-mentioned the 5th step, add the concentrated acid of the oil quality per-cent 0.5% after filtration, be heated to 120 ℃ to 130 ℃ acid and boil 1 hour.
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Cited By (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2515399A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-12-24 | Argent Energy Group Ltd | Biodiesel composition and related process and products |
| CN104593092A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-06 | 吴俊荣 | Method for preparing biological diesel oil by taking illegal cooking oil as raw material |
| CN107345167A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2017-11-14 | 王剑元 | A kind of preparation method of methanol boiler oil |
| CN108913349A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-30 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of preprocess method with Preparation of biodiesel from waste oils |
| CN113322130A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-31 | 杭州智华杰科技有限公司 | Purification treatment method for applying kitchen waste oil to non-edible oil industry |
| US11142722B2 (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2021-10-12 | Neste Oyj | Purification of feedstock by heat treatment |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2515399A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-12-24 | Argent Energy Group Ltd | Biodiesel composition and related process and products |
| GB2515399B (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2015-12-30 | Argent Energy Group Ltd | Biodiesel composition and related process and products |
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| CN104593092A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-06 | 吴俊荣 | Method for preparing biological diesel oil by taking illegal cooking oil as raw material |
| CN107345167A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2017-11-14 | 王剑元 | A kind of preparation method of methanol boiler oil |
| US11142722B2 (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2021-10-12 | Neste Oyj | Purification of feedstock by heat treatment |
| CN108913349A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-30 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of preprocess method with Preparation of biodiesel from waste oils |
| CN113322130A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-31 | 杭州智华杰科技有限公司 | Purification treatment method for applying kitchen waste oil to non-edible oil industry |
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Application publication date: 20140212 |