CN100362082C

CN100362082C - Method for preparing biological diesel oil by utilizing animal oil

Info

Publication number: CN100362082C
Application number: CNB2006100096349A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马德扬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-01-18
Filing date: 2006-01-18
Publication date: 2008-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 2026-01-18
Also published as: CN1803986A

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for preparing biological diesel oil by using animal oil. In the method, animal oil is used as a raw material, and potassium hydroxide is used as a catalyst; the animal oil is filled in an alcoholysis kettle, and methanol is filled in the alcoholysis kettle according to (4 to 6) to 1 of the weight ratio of the animal oil to the methanol is; under the condition of stirring, the mixture is heated and treated with alcoholysis; after alcoholysis, the mixture is slowly cooled, and stops stirring, and the materials are filled in a separating tank; after being precipitated and layered, a light phase at the upper layer is separated from a heavy phase at the lower layer; the light phase is filled in a water washing kettle to be washed, and then filled in a vacuum dewatering and drying kettle to be dewatered; after being cooled, a product of which the main component is fatty acid methyl ester is obtained. The present invention has the advantages of wide raw material source, simple technology flow and low cost. The cetane number of a product prepared by the method of the present invention is 48, the temperature of a solidifying point is 4 DEG C, and the temperature of the flash point closed entry is 181 DEG C. The prepared product can be used as fuel instead of petrifaction diesel oil, and can be mixed and used with petrifaction diesel oil according to any ratio.

Description

A kind of animal oil that utilizes is produced method of bio-diesel oil

(1) technical field

What the present invention relates to is fuel preparation method, and specifically a kind of animal oil that utilizes is the feedstock production method of bio-diesel oil.

(2) background technology

The major ingredient of biofuel is " Fatty acid methyl ester ", and as the substitute of petrifaction diesel, it mainly is to utilize vegetable and animals oils to be the prepared a kind of clean environment-friendly fuel of raw material.Since nineteen seventies, especially after in 1991, oil price rises steadily on the one hand, and petroleum resources are day by day exhausted, and the whole world is faced with the energy starved crisis.Improving constantly along with people's living standard on the other hand, the continuous enhancing of environmental consciousness, recognize the air-polluting seriousness that oil fuel causes gradually, especially " photo-chemical smog " causes great harm to human body, thereby forces the mankind must seek the new energy--and " clean fuel " replaces oil fuel.Wherein biofuel is the most noticeable a kind of, and it both can be used as biofuel, can do diesel-dope again.At present countries in the world produce thing diesel oil with the vegetables oil next life for raw material mostly.Because the raw material of vegetables oil is in short supply, price is higher, has brought the price of biofuel higher relatively, has influenced promoting the use of of biofuel.

(3) summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of animal oil that utilizes that a kind of raw material is extensive, technical process is simple, with low cost to produce method of bio-diesel oil.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: be raw material with animal oil, animal oil is joined in the alcoholysis still, be warming up to 40-45 ℃, according to weight ratio is animal oil: methyl alcohol=(4-6): 1 ratio adds methyl alcohol in the alcoholysis still, the potassium hydroxide that will account for animal oil weight 1-2% before adding the alcoholysis still earlier dissolves among the methyl alcohol, be warming up to 67-73 ℃ under the stirring condition having, and alcoholysis was carried out in insulation in 120-180 minute, alcoholysis slowly is cooled to 50 ℃ after finishing, stop to stir, material is gone in the separating tank, after the static layering upper strata is gently separated with the lower floor heavy phase, will gently change the washing still mutually over to, add the cold water agitator treating that accounts for animal raw weight of oil 40-60%, water lotion is separated in static back, continuous washing 3-4 time with 50 ℃ hot wash 2 times, changes in the dry still of vacuum hydro-extraction after isolating washing water when treating pH=6, in vacuum tightness is 750mmHg, temperature is dehydration 50-70 minute under 70-80 ℃ the condition, obtains the product that major ingredient is a fatty acid methyl ester after the cooling; Heavy phase after the separation changes glycerine over to and reclaims in the still, add the vitriol oil and transfer pH=6, begin to be warming up to 64-70 ℃, reclaim methyl alcohol, under vacuum tightness is the condition of 750mmHg, purify Trace Methanol then, and isolate fatty acid methyl ester wherein, add the gac that accounts for glycerine weight 1% again and decolour and handled 20-40 minute, remove gac with vacuum suction filter, obtain the glycerine of purity about 80%; Methanol eddy utilization in the alcoholysis process; Reclaim and to leach residue in the glycerine process and add and wash out the vitriolate of tartar as fertilizer sources.

Described animal oil is lard, also can be butter, sheep oil.

It is raw material that the present invention adopts general refining lard, and needn't refining, and sufficient raw is cheap, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.

Catalyzer adopts potassium hydroxide, the efficient height, and aftertreatment is easy.

Selected one-stage process intermittent type alcoholysis process for use, the transformation efficiency height, with short production cycle.Adopt vacuum hydro-extraction desiccating method purified product, saved the high temperature rectification method.Equipment is simple, processing ease, and can save a large amount of heat energy, reduces the loss, and reduces production costs significantly.

With short production cycle, few, the reduced investment of equipment is suitable for big suitability for industrialized production.

Technology of the present invention also can be used for the vegetables oil producing thing diesel oil next life for raw material.

The biofuel that adopts method of the present invention to produce detects through petroleum products quality surveillance center, Heilongjiang Province measuring station, cetane value is 49, condensation point is 4 ℃, flash-point is remained silent is 181 ℃, its preceding two meet the GB/T19147-2003 requirement, and flash-point meets DIN51606 standard (Germany 1997).Therefore the biofuel that adopts method of the present invention to produce can replace petrifaction diesel to do the fuel use, also can use in any ratio and petrifaction diesel fusion.

(4) embodiment

For example the present invention is done in more detail below and describes:

With lard is raw material, 450kg lard is joined in the alcoholysis still, slowly be warming up to 40-45 ℃, 100kg methyl alcohol is added in the alcoholysis still, before adding the alcoholysis still, earlier 5kg potassium hydroxide is dissolved among the methyl alcohol, be warming up to 67-73 ℃ under the stirring condition having, and be incubated 150 minutes and carry out alcoholysis, alcoholysis process backflow methyl alcohol, alcoholysis slowly is cooled to 50 ℃ after finishing, stop to stir, material is gone in the separating tank, after the static layering upper strata is gently separated with the lower floor heavy phase, to gently change the washing still mutually over to, add 250kg cold water agitator treating, water lotion, continuous washing 3-4 time are separated in static back, when treating pH=6 with 50 ℃ hot wash 2 times, changing in the dry still of vacuum hydro-extraction after isolating washing water, is 750mmHg in vacuum tightness, temperature is dehydration 50-70 minute under 70-80 ℃ the condition, obtains the product that major ingredient is a fatty acid methyl ester after the cooling.Heavy phase after the separation changes glycerine over to and reclaims in the still, adds the vitriol oil and transfers pH=6, separates K with suction filter ₂SO ₄Making fertilizer uses, filtrate beginning is warming up to 64-70 ℃, reclaim methyl alcohol, under being the condition of 750mmHg, vacuum tightness purifies Trace Methanol then, methanol loop is used, and isolates fatty acid methyl ester wherein, adds the gac that accounts for glycerine weight 1% then and decolours and handled 30 minutes, remove gac with vacuum suction filter, obtain the glycerine of purity about 80%.

Claims

1. one kind is utilized animal oil to produce method of bio-diesel oil, it is characterized in that: be raw material with animal oil, animal oil is joined in the alcoholysis still, be warming up to 40-45 ℃, according to weight ratio is animal oil: methyl alcohol=(4-6): 1 ratio adds methyl alcohol in the alcoholysis still, the potassium hydroxide that will account for animal oil weight 1-2% before adding the alcoholysis still earlier dissolves among the methyl alcohol, be warming up to 67-73 ℃ under the stirring condition having, and alcoholysis was carried out in insulation in 120-180 minute, alcoholysis slowly is cooled to 50 ℃ after finishing, stop to stir, material is gone in the separating tank, after the static layering upper strata is gently separated with the lower floor heavy phase, to gently change the washing still mutually over to, add the cold water agitator treating that accounts for animal raw weight of oil 40-60%, water lotion is separated in static back, continuous washing 3-4 time, when treating pH=6 with 50 ℃ hot wash 2 times, change in the dry still of vacuum hydro-extraction after isolating washing water, in vacuum tightness is 750mmHg, temperature is dehydration 50-70 minute under 70-80 ℃ the condition, obtains the product that major ingredient is a fatty acid methyl ester after the cooling; Heavy phase after the separation changes glycerine over to and reclaims in the still, add the vitriol oil and transfer pH=6, begin to be warming up to 64-70 ℃, reclaim methyl alcohol, under vacuum tightness is the condition of 750mmHg, purify Trace Methanol then, and isolate fatty acid methyl ester wherein, add the gac that accounts for glycerine weight 1% again and decolour and handled 20-40 minute, remove gac with vacuum suction filter, obtain the glycerine of purity about 80%; Methanol eddy utilization in the alcoholysis process; Reclaim and to leach residue in the glycerine process and add and wash out the vitriolate of tartar as fertilizer sources.

2. according to claim 1ly utilize animal oil to produce method of bio-diesel oil, it is characterized in that: described animal oil is lard.