CN1035683C - Method for extracting gold and silver by using thiourea - Google Patents
Method for extracting gold and silver by using thiourea Download PDFInfo
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- CN1035683C CN1035683C CN92105962A CN92105962A CN1035683C CN 1035683 C CN1035683 C CN 1035683C CN 92105962 A CN92105962 A CN 92105962A CN 92105962 A CN92105962 A CN 92105962A CN 1035683 C CN1035683 C CN 1035683C
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- gold
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- thiocarbamide
- leaching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for directly lixiviating gold and silver from ores or gold powders which contain the gold and the silver. The present invention comprises the steps that firstly, after materials containing the gold are prewashed with special acid, according to a scale, solid phases and leaching agents are mixed to regulate slurry which is lixiviated through two sections, and after the materials are cleaned, expensive liquid is restored and precipitated; the gold, the silver and valuable metal are separated and recovered. In the present invention, the optimum concentration ratio of thiourea to oxydant is between (10:1) and (1:1), the oxydant and additives are not added or added properly so as to reduce leaching acidity and improve the pH of media, and maximum leaching rate can be achieved. A lixiviating period is shortened; simultaneously, the use levels of various reagents can be reduced, and particularly the use levels of main expensive reagents (the thiourea) are few. Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of low cost and no pollution, and can synthetically use industrial smoke gas containing SO2; the expensive metal can be recovered from pre-cleaning liquid and immersion liquid so as to achieve the optimizing control of production processes.
Description
The present invention be a kind of from contain gold and silver ore, aurin powder, mine tailings and difficult flotation lean ore the direct method of lixiviate gold and silver.
The traditional method of extracting gold and silver from ore, aurin powder is a cyanide process.This method technical maturity, simple to operate, cost is low.But only be suitable for general type ore deposit, its reagent severe toxicity, serious environment pollution, silver raising recovery rate is low, can not directly handle sulphide ores, and to ore deposit poor selectivity such as high-sulfur, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, copper, lead, carbon shales, the gold and silver rate of recovery is all very low, mine tailing Gold Content height.In addition, can't efficient recovery to difficult flotation ore deposit.For this reason, become gradually with refractory ore and mainly to carry golden object, nontoxic non-cyanogen gold extracting method develops rapidly, as thiocarbamide method, thiosulfate technique, water chlorination process, lime sulfur mixture method and bromination method etc., in these methods, except that thiocarbamide method at home and abroad the existing Preliminary Applications of industry member, all the other do not appear in the newspapers as yet and are used for producing.Thiocarbamide has been acknowledged as the method for the most promising replacement cyanide process, shows technology and economic advantages in the gold and silver of some refractory ore extract.
But Preliminary Applications shows that traditional thiocarbamide method technology is still immature, and reagent consumption is big, the cost height.More existing at present typical technologies of improving as the SKW method (J.Metals.6.1984) of Germany, are to add SO in leaching agent
2Gas makes the reversible reduction of a product two sulphur methyl ethers of already oxidised thiocarbamide, thereby makes leaching agent reach stable, and can eliminate surface passivation, to improve leaching yield.Can drop to 0.57kg/T ore deposit, SO with this method thiocarbamide
2, 5.8kg/T is more effective at present, thiocarbamide consumes low method.But the shortcoming of this method is: the SO that is added
2The gas contamination environment, oxidant consumption is big, owing to adopt one section leaching, so leaching yield is not high, most ore deposits cost does not fully utilize the valuable metal in the immersion liquid simultaneously greater than cyanide process.U.S. Pat 4561947 discloses a kind of method with thiocarbamide lixiviate gold and silver, and its essence is exactly German SKW method, has same shortcoming.Australian modification thiocarbamide method is the MTL method, what adopt is to recycle the leaching agent method, promptly in immersion liquid, add sequestrant, immersion liquid is recycled repeatedly, thereby improve the thiocarbamide utilization ratio, though cost is less than chlorination process, but still be higher than the SKW method, and complex process, leaching yield is lower, is fit to the higher environment of temperature.
For overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming, the present invention consumes mechanism to reagent and furthers investigate, and finds that conventional thiocarbamide method leaches gold and silver and belongs to the diffusion control district, the ratio optimum value that has a leaching agent and oxidant concentration, by this proportioning, can reach the highest leaching yield, and with short production cycle; Simultaneously, the present invention has adopted containing the special treatment method of gold mineral, remove too much soluble impurity in the mineral, and utilize wherein part soluble oxidant, do not add or few oxidizer, additive, take suitable minimizing to leach acidity, reduced acidity of medium, can reduce acid consumption and impurity stripping quantity, improve selectivity, and help equipment, material selection; Adopt two sections lixiviation process, can improve the gold and silver leaching yield.By above-mentioned means, it is few to reach expensive main reagent dosage, the auxiliary reagent consumption is also less, the leaching yield height, with short production cycle, environmentally safe, and fully utilized industry and contain the SO2 flue gas, the purpose of comprehensively recovering valuable metal from pretreatment fluid and lixiviate, washing lotion simultaneously, thus realize the optimal control of technology and production.
The method that the present invention extracts gold and silver is as follows:
1. special pre-treatment process:
Earlier raw ore, slag are milled to more than-200 orders through fragmentation, aurin powder and mine tailing are exempted from mill, and mineral are after special pre-treatment, and solid phase is used to leach gold and silver, after the treatment solution circulation for several times, and valuable metals such as comprehensive recovery of gold, silver, copper.
2. leaching process:
The present invention adopts two sections leachings.First section leaching: leach liquor is formulated by water, thiocarbamide, sulfuric acid, additive.Thiourea concentration mixes with material immersion liquid between 2～10g/L with 5: 1～1: 1 part by weight.Additive is for containing SO
2Industrial smoke, the ratio of its consumption and thiocarbamide volumetric molar concentration is between 1: 10～1: 1, leaching acidity of medium pH is 1.5～4.5, extraction temperature is 293K～330K under normal pressure, look pre-treatment situation and mineral type, do not add or suitably add oxygenant ferric iron (adding) with ferric sulfate ammonium salt or form of iron oxide.The ratio optimum value of leaching agent thiocarbamide and oxygenant ferric iron volumetric molar concentration is between 10: 1～1: 1.Agitation as appropriate, size mixing.Leaching process carried out 0.5～6 hour, solid-liquid separation then, and filtrate is returned leaching.Second section leaching: its liquid-solid ratio, temperature, acidity of medium etc. are identical with first section leaching, and thiourea concentration reduces, extraction time 0.5～6 hour.Second section leach liquor can be recycled behind the secondary, therefrom reclaims valuable metals such as gold and silver, copper again, and waste liquid is abandoned it then.Washings is cooked leach liquor after suitably replenishing reagent.
3. metal recovery process:
Leach your liquid and reclaim valuable metals such as gold and silver, copper with the precipitate reduction partition method, or with fractional precipitation partition method flash liberation gold and silver, precipitate reduction copper etc.
Utilize the inventive method lixiviate gold and silver, its major advantage is: all ingredients total flow reduces, especially expensive main reagent dosage reduces, thereby the cost reduction, owing to found the optimum ratio of thiocarbamide and ferric iron concentration, Pei Zhi leach liquor can be issued to the kinetics maximum rate at given thiourea concentration thus, shorten the lixiviate cycle, improve leaching yield, simultaneously can be from pretreatment fluid and vat liquor comprehensively recovering valuable metal, make production technology optimization control.
Further describe below with reference to example:
Example one: oxidized ore
Get and contain golden 44.8g/t, silver-colored 153.3g/t, plumbous 8.21%, iron 2.6%, sulphur 5.8%, the smart powder 100g of silicon-dioxide 56.0%, after special pre-pickling, solid-liquid separation, solid phase are used for extracting gold, silver, and sized mixing thiourea concentration 6g/L, sulfurous acid 4g/L than 4: 1 by liquid-solid phase, medium pH is 1.5, adds ferric oxide 2g/L, leaches 6 hours at 298K, one section leaching yield of gold is 85.1%, two sections total leaching yields are 98.9%, and one section leaching yield of silver is that 68.7%, two section leaching yield is 89.1%, it is 0.26kg/t that reagent consumes thiocarbamide, sulfuric acid 3kg/t, sulfurous acid 2.7kg/t, your liquid aluminum reduction, precipitation of gold, silver, valuable metals such as copper, precipitation are fully.
Example two: sulphide ores
Get and contain golden 52.8g/t, silver-colored 43.4g/t, copper 1.55g/t, plumbous 1.6g/t, iron 34.6%, sulphur 29.3%, the aurin powder 100g of silica 1 7.17%, with special pre-pickling 0.5 hour, use liquid-solid ratio 5: 1, thiourea concentration is 5g/L, add iron concentration 1.8g/L and make oxygenant, temperature 303K, pH are 2, agitation leach 1 hour, a leaching yield of gold is 84.3%, a leaching yield of silver is 51.2%, the second section and leached 2 hours that total leaching yield of gold is 97.3%, the leaching yield of silver is 80.4%, thiocarbamide consumes 0.31kg/t, sulfuric acid consumption 2.67kg/t, and sulfurous acid consumes 2.1kg/t.Your liquid gets proof gold through precipitator method flash liberation, and silver sulfide further separates with copper hydroxide again can get pure metal.
Example three: mix refractory ore
Get and contain golden 60.1g/t, silver-colored 93.3g/t, copper 1.45%, lead 2.5%, arsenic 1.3%, iron 26.25%, sulphur 20.1%, silicon-dioxide 28.0%, zinc 1.18%, the smart powder 100g of carbon 0.03% is through special pre-pickling, after the solid-liquid separation, pressed liquid-solid ratio 3: 1, the adding thiourea concentration is 8g/L, adds iron concentration 3.2g/L, and pH gets 3, concentration 300K, leached 2 hours, a leaching yield of gold is 82.9%, and a leaching yield of silver is 48.3%, two sections total leaching yield gold are 96.8%, the leaching yield of silver is 78.9%, your liquid with zinc powder reduction after, can get gold containing material, silver, copper precipitation.
Present method is more suitable for the extraction gold and silver in the materials such as high-sulfur, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, lead, copper, peat matter ore deposit except that being applicable to common containing gold and silver oxidation, the sulphide ores.
Claims (1)
1. the processing method with thiocarbamide direct lixiviate gold and silver from ore, aurin powder, mine tailings and difficult flotation lean ore will contain the gold mine material earlier and break mill, pre-treatment, make leaching agent with thiocarbamide and oxygenant ferric ion then, add suitable SO
2Or the industrial smoke that contains sulfurous gas makes additive, makes to leach that acidity of medium pH is 1.5～4.5, extraction temperature is that 293K～330K leaches; Solid-liquid separation, washing, washing lotion are returned again, and slag is abandoned it, reclaim the product gold and silver from your liquid; It is characterized in that: the leach liquor thiocarbamide is 10: 1～1: 1 with the ratio of oxygenant ferric ion optimum molar concentration, and solvent and solute weight ratio is 5: 1～1: 1 during leaching, and the sulfurous gas consumption is 1: 10～10: 1 with the ratio of thiocarbamide consumption mole in the additive; This method divides two sections circulations to leach, and pre-pickle solution and leach liquor all need recycle more than the secondary, again with valuable metals such as reduction method or precipitator method separation and Extraction gold and silver, copper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92105962A CN1035683C (en) | 1992-07-21 | 1992-07-21 | Method for extracting gold and silver by using thiourea |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92105962A CN1035683C (en) | 1992-07-21 | 1992-07-21 | Method for extracting gold and silver by using thiourea |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1081471A CN1081471A (en) | 1994-02-02 |
| CN1035683C true CN1035683C (en) | 1997-08-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN92105962A Expired - Fee Related CN1035683C (en) | 1992-07-21 | 1992-07-21 | Method for extracting gold and silver by using thiourea |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2721731C1 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2020-05-21 | Сергей Яковлевич ЗАИКИН | Method of leaching and extraction of gold and silver from pyrite cinder |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101338370B (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2011-01-26 | 张学贤 | Gold-extracting process by thiourea carbon-in-pulp method |
| CN102166545B (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2012-08-08 | 阙明 | Mineral dressing additive for gold mine and preparation method thereof |
| EA201792285A1 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2018-02-28 | Зе Юниверсити Оф Бритиш Коламбия | METHOD OF LEADING METAL SULFIDES BY REAGENTS THAT HAVE THIOCARBONILE FUNCTIONAL GROUPS |
| CN105289261B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-12-26 | 中南大学 | It is a kind of to be used for the cleaning solution that mercury elutes in mercury fume and the method that mercury is reclaimed from mercury fume |
| CN106119566A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-11-16 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of hot pressing recovery method of the difficult gold mine of arsenic-containing sulphur-containing |
| CA3032992C (en) | 2016-10-19 | 2022-04-12 | The University Of British Columbia | Process for leaching metal sulfides with reagents having thiocarbonyl functional groups |
| CN107435102B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-09-03 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of non-cyanogen leaching agent and its method for Gold ore leaching |
| CN109022775A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-12-18 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of high-speed rail Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure acid thiourea extract technology |
| CN113621799A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-09 | 桐乡市思远环保科技有限公司 | Method for leaching copper, gold and silver from sulfide ore |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4342591A (en) * | 1980-06-03 | 1982-08-03 | Mines Et Produits Chimiques De Salsigne | Process for the recovery of gold and/or silver and possibly bismuth contained in sulfuretted ores and/or sulfoarsenides |
| US4561947A (en) * | 1983-02-22 | 1985-12-31 | Skw Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the recovery of noble metals from ores; which process uses thiourea |
-
1992
- 1992-07-21 CN CN92105962A patent/CN1035683C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4342591A (en) * | 1980-06-03 | 1982-08-03 | Mines Et Produits Chimiques De Salsigne | Process for the recovery of gold and/or silver and possibly bismuth contained in sulfuretted ores and/or sulfoarsenides |
| US4561947A (en) * | 1983-02-22 | 1985-12-31 | Skw Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the recovery of noble metals from ores; which process uses thiourea |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2721731C1 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2020-05-21 | Сергей Яковлевич ЗАИКИН | Method of leaching and extraction of gold and silver from pyrite cinder |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1081471A (en) | 1994-02-02 |
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