CN113621799A - Method for leaching copper, gold and silver from sulfide ore - Google Patents
Method for leaching copper, gold and silver from sulfide ore Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea group Chemical group NC(=S)N UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical group [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KXCVJPJCRAEILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 KXCVJPJCRAEILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BLVKHECZLUKWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-heptyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](=C1)C.OS(=O)(=O)[O-] BLVKHECZLUKWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- TVCNKZCRZIIOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 TVCNKZCRZIIOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- OCNSCCWXWVTNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogen sulfate 1-methyl-3-pentylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 OCNSCCWXWVTNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- RRABSTHQUPQUTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydron;1-methyl-3-octylimidazol-1-ium;sulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 RRABSTHQUPQUTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZNNXXAURXKYLQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methyl-2h-imidazole;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCN1CN(C)C=C1 ZNNXXAURXKYLQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylimidazole Natural products CC1=CNC=N1 XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052569 sulfide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/08—Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
- C22B15/0071—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing sulfur
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for leaching copper, gold and silver from sulfide ore, a) grinding sulfide ore raw materials to obtain leaching raw materials with the grain diameter of 45-106 mu m; b) mixing the leaching raw material with ionic liquid to obtain a mixed solution; c) adding a certain amount of oxidant and complexing agent into the mixed solution to react in a leaching tank; adding excessive oxidant during copper leaching, and not adding the complexing agent; the addition amount of the oxidant is 0.1-5.0g/kg during gold and silver leaching, and the addition amount of the complexing agent is 1.0-50.0 g/kg; d) and finishing the reaction after a certain time to obtain a leaching solution, filtering the leaching solution, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain filter residues and a filtrate. The method for leaching copper, gold and silver from sulfide ore with the structure does not need high-temperature and high-pressure operation conditions in the whole process, and has the advantages of simple process operation, low equipment investment, low operation cost, environmental protection, no pollution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrometallurgy, in particular to a method for leaching copper, gold and silver from sulfide ores.
Background
Chalcopyrite is a copper-iron sulfide mineral, and the wet leaching method of the chalcopyrite mainly focuses on the directions of bioleaching, normal-pressure chlorine salt leaching, ammonia leaching, pressure acid leaching and the like. Biological metallurgy is a new technology which is intersected with microbiology and hydrometallurgy, but the application of the biological metallurgy is influenced by the properties of ores, geographical conditions and regional environments, and the biological metallurgy is difficult to be applied to the large scale of industry. Aiming at the characteristics of poor chalcopyrite bioleaching effect and long leaching period, the chalcopyrite bioleaching still has a long way. The leaching process of normal-pressure chlorine salt leaching is complex, the equipment is seriously corroded, and the cycle of leaching the chalcopyrite is long, so that the development and application of the chalcopyrite are restricted. Although ammonia leaching has the advantage of being operated under non-corrosive conditions, the ammonia leaching has the defects of large equipment investment and unsuitability for large-scale batch production due to oxygen consumption in the leaching process, and the application is not wide.
The most widely applied is pressure leaching at present, and the pressure leaching technology of the chalcopyrite is divided into three types, one is low-temperature leaching at the temperature of 110-115 ℃, and sulfur in copper sulfide ore is converted into elemental sulfur; the second is moderate temperature leaching at 130-150 ℃, which improves chalcopyrite dissolution by increasing temperature and adding some chloride; the third is high temperature leaching at 200-220 c, where chalcopyrite leaching is rapid, sulphide minerals are fully oxidised by oxygen at high pressure and the copper is leached into solution as copper sulphate. However, the high-pressure leaching has the defects of large equipment investment, high equipment corrosion resistance requirement and the like. The wet leaching of gold and silver is usually carried out by cyanidation leaching, and although the cyanidation leaching technology is mature, the leaching agent cyanide has the defects of high toxicity, low leaching speed and the like. Therefore, the development of a new, green, environmentally friendly and sustainable sulfide leaching method is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for leaching copper, gold and silver from sulfide ores, which does not need high-temperature and high-pressure operation conditions in the whole process, has the advantages of simple process operation, low equipment investment, low operation cost, environmental protection, no pollution and the like, solves the defects that the traditional sulfide needs high-temperature and high-pressure leaching, the equipment has high pressure resistance level, the corrosion resistance requirement is high, the equipment investment is large and the like, and provides a new method for leaching the sulfide.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for leaching copper, gold and silver from a sulfide ore, comprising the steps of:
a) grinding the sulfide ore raw material to obtain a leaching raw material with the particle size of 45-106 microns;
b) mixing the leaching raw material with ionic liquid to obtain a mixed solution;
c) adding a certain amount of oxidant and complexing agent into the mixed solution to react in a leaching tank; adding excessive oxidant during copper leaching, and not adding the complexing agent; the addition amount of the oxidant is 0.1-5.0g/kg during gold and silver leaching, and the addition amount of the complexing agent is 1.0-50.0 g/kg;
d) and finishing the reaction after a certain time to obtain a leaching solution, filtering the leaching solution, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain filter residues and a filtrate.
Preferably, in step b), the ionic liquid is one or more of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate.
Preferably, in the step b), the liquid-solid ratio (mL/g) of the ionic liquid to the leaching raw material is 10-100: 1.
Preferably, in step c), the oxidizing agent is ferric sulfate, and the complexing agent is thiourea.
Preferably, in the step c), the leaching temperature in the leaching tank is 20-80 ℃, the stirring speed is 50-1000rpm, and the leaching time is 24-50 h.
Preferably, in step d), the pH of the leachate is less than 2.
Preferably, in step d), the solid-liquid separation equipment is a 0.45 μm cellulose acetate filter.
Preferably, in step d), the filter residue is one or more of copper, gold and silver.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the organic solvent in the used leaching agent is a green solvent, is environment-friendly and has no pollution;
(2) copper, gold and silver in the sulfide ore can be effectively leached under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure; under the same conditions, the leaching rates of copper, gold and silver are far better than those of sulfuric acid;
(3) the whole process does not need high-temperature and high-pressure operation conditions, and has the advantages of simple process operation, low equipment investment, low operation cost, environmental protection, no pollution and the like.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method of leaching copper, gold and silver from a sulfide ore according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to examples, in which various chemicals and reagents are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
10.0g of dried chalcopyrite (wherein Cu is 20.31%, Fe is 34.06%, Zn is 4.46%, Si is 0.23%, Co is 0.1%, Ca is 0.08%) is ground to 45-106 μm, mixed with 1.0L 20% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid at 70 ℃, added with 40.0g of ferric sulfate and heated and stirred for reaction in a water bath kettle, wherein the stirring speed is 500rpm, and the leaching time is 24 h. After the experiment, the copper-containing filtrate and the filter residue are obtained by filtering the mixture by using a 0.45 mu m cellulose acetate filter. The leaching rate of copper by sampling, detecting and analyzing is 65.4%.
Example 2
10.0g of dried chalcopyrite (wherein Cu is 20.31%, Fe is 34.06%, Zn is 4.46%, Si is 0.23%, Co is 0.1%, Ca is 0.08%) is ground to 45-106 μm, mixed with 1.0L of 20% 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid at 60 ℃, added with 40.0g of ferric sulfate and heated and stirred in a water bath kettle for reaction, wherein the stirring speed is 500rpm, and the leaching time is 24 h. After the experiment, the copper-containing filtrate and the filter residue are obtained by filtering the mixture by using a 0.45 mu m cellulose acetate filter. The leaching rate of copper by sampling detection and analysis is 61.2%.
Example 3
10.0g of dried chalcopyrite (wherein Cu is 20.31%, Fe is 34.06%, Zn is 4.46%, Si is 0.23%, Co is 0.1%, Ca is 0.08%) is ground to 45-106 μm, and the mixture is respectively mixed with 1.0L of 10%, 50%, 100% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid and 1mol/L of sulfuric acid at 70 ℃, 40.0g of ferric sulfate is added to be heated and stirred in a water bath kettle for reaction, wherein the stirring speed is 500rpm, and the leaching time is 24 h. After the experiment, the copper-containing filtrate and the filter residue are obtained by filtering the mixture by using a 0.45 mu m cellulose acetate filter. 10%, 50% and 100% of the leaching rates of copper corresponding to the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid and 1mol/L of sulfuric acid are respectively 55.1%, 82.2%, 86.6% and 23.2%.
Example 4
25.0g of dried sulfide ore (wherein Au is 5.65g/t, Ag is 18.72g/t, Cu is 1.52%, Pb is 0.36%, Zn is 0.08%, and Fe is 9.22%) is ground to 45-106 μm, mixed with 100mL of 20% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid at 50 ℃, and added with 12.5mg of ferric sulfate and 0.5g of thiourea to be heated and stirred in a water bath for reaction, wherein the stirring speed is 500rpm, and the leaching time is 50 h. After the experiment is finished, filtering the mixture by using a 0.45 mu m cellulose acetate filter to obtain filtrate and filter residue containing the gold and the silver. The leaching rates of gold and silver analyzed by sampling detection are 85.1% and 60.3% respectively.
Example 5
25.0g of dried sulfide ore (wherein Au is 5.65g/t, Ag is 18.72g/t, Cu is 1.52%, Pb is 0.36%, Zn is 0.08%, Fe is 9.22%) is ground to 45-106 μm, and the ground sulfide ore is mixed with 100mL of 20% of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid at 50 ℃, 12.5mg of ferric sulfate and 0.5g of thiourea are added into the mixture, and the mixture is heated and stirred to react in a water bath kettle, wherein the stirring speed is 500rpm, and the leaching time is 50 h. After the experiment is finished, filtering the mixture by using a 0.45 mu m cellulose acetate filter to obtain filtrate and filter residue containing the gold and the silver. The leaching rates of gold and silver are respectively 85.1%, 72.3%, 60.8%, 41.4% and 26.6%, and 60.3%, 43.7%, 36.7%, 25.2% and 14.9%.
Example 6
25.0g of dried sulfide ore (wherein Au is 5.65g/t, Ag is 18.72g/t, Cu is 1.52%, Pb is 0.36%, Zn is 0.08%, Fe is 9.22%) is ground to 45-106 μm, and the ground sulfide ore is mixed with 100mL of 20% of ionic liquid of different anions (Cl, BF4, CH3SO3 and N (CN)2) based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation at 50 ℃, 12.5mg of ferric sulfate and 0.5g of thiourea are added to be heated and stirred in a water bath kettle, wherein the stirring speed is 500rpm, and the leaching time is 50 h. After the experiment is finished, filtering the mixture by using a 0.45 mu m cellulose acetate filter to obtain filtrate containing gold and silver and filter residue. The leaching rates of the silver are respectively 7.8%, 28.8%, 56.1% and 1.2% by sampling detection analysis.
Comparative analytical examples 1 to 6
The results of examples 1-2 show that the higher the temperature, the higher the leaching rate of copper.
The results of example 3 show that the leaching rate of copper increases with increasing concentration of ionic liquid and is much higher than that of sulfuric acid under the same conditions.
The results of examples 4-5 show that a series of (n-alkyl) methylimidazole HSO ionic liquids were investigated to show that the extraction of gold and silver decreased with increasing chain length, partly because the viscosity of the ionic liquid increased with increasing chain length.
The results of example 6 show that the extraction rate of silver by ionic liquids of different anions (CI, BF4, CHSO, NCN) is lower than that of (HSO) ionic liquids based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of leaching copper, gold and silver from sulphide ores, characterised in that: the method comprises the following steps: a) grinding the sulfide ore raw material to obtain a leaching raw material with the particle size of 45-106 microns;
b) mixing the leaching raw material with ionic liquid to obtain a mixed solution;
c) adding a certain amount of oxidant and complexing agent into the mixed solution to react in a leaching tank; adding excessive oxidant during copper leaching, and not adding the complexing agent; the addition amount of the oxidant is 0.1-5.0g/kg during gold and silver leaching, and the addition amount of the complexing agent is 1.0-50.0 g/kg;
d) and finishing the reaction after a certain time to obtain a leaching solution, filtering the leaching solution, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain filter residues and a filtrate.
2. A method of leaching copper, gold and silver from sulphide ores as claimed in claim 1, in which: in the step b), the ionic liquid is composed of one or a mixture of more of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 1-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate.
3. A method of leaching copper, gold and silver from sulphide ores as claimed in claim 1, in which: in the step b), the liquid-solid ratio (mL/g) of the ionic liquid to the leaching raw material is 10-100: 1.
4. A method of leaching copper, gold and silver from sulphide ores as claimed in claim 1, in which: in the step c), the oxidant is ferric sulfate, and the complexing agent is thiourea.
5. A method of leaching copper, gold and silver from sulphide ores as claimed in claim 1, in which: in the step c), the leaching temperature in the leaching tank is 20-80 ℃, the stirring speed is 50-1000rpm, and the leaching time is 24-50 h.
6. A method of leaching copper, gold and silver from sulphide ores as claimed in claim 1, in which: in the step d), the pH value of the leachate is less than 2.
7. A method of leaching copper, gold and silver from sulphide ores as claimed in claim 1, in which: in the step d), the equipment adopted for solid-liquid separation is a 0.45 mu m cellulose acetate filter.
8. A method of leaching copper, gold and silver from sulphide ores as claimed in claim 1, in which: in the step d), the filter residue is one or more of copper, gold and silver.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1081471A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-02-02 | 西安冶金建筑学院 | Extract the method for gold and silver with thiocarbamide |
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| CN1081471A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-02-02 | 西安冶金建筑学院 | Extract the method for gold and silver with thiocarbamide |
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| Title |
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