CN103567807B - Lathe - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN103567807B
CN103567807B CN201310315420.4A CN201310315420A CN103567807B CN 103567807 B CN103567807 B CN 103567807B CN 201310315420 A CN201310315420 A CN 201310315420A CN 103567807 B CN103567807 B CN 103567807B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
main tapping
cleanout fluid
instrument
jet
nozzle
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Active
Application number
CN201310315420.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103567807A (en
Inventor
蟹江祥司
加古顺也
渡边隆行
林庄三
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Brother Industries Ltd
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Brother Industries Ltd
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Publication of CN103567807A publication Critical patent/CN103567807A/en
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Publication of CN103567807B publication Critical patent/CN103567807B/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools

Abstract

The present invention relates to the lathe of a kind of jet cleaning liquid.Lathe includes: main tapping, and this main tapping can move between machining area and tool changing region, and is supported the main shaft of energy installation tool;Tool replacing apparatus, the instrument being installed on main shaft is replaced by this tool replacing apparatus in tool changing region;Container, this container has coolant;Main tapping washer jet, main tapping can be sprayed coolant by this main tapping washer jet;And instrument washer jet, instrument can be sprayed coolant by this instrument washer jet.Owing to cleanout fluid is ejected into main tapping from main tapping washer jet when the instrument of replacing by lathe, the cutting powder etc. that therefore can will attach to main tapping cleans clean.

Description

Lathe
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lathe of a kind of jet cleaning liquid.
Background technology
Lathe includes the automatic tool change device (hereinafter referred to as ATC) automatically changed carrying out instrument.ATC As described below instrument is replaced.Main tapping rises to assigned position (Z axis initial point).The control arm of ATC Hold using the instrument terminated.When main tapping is further up, control arm will use the work terminated Tool is pulled up from main shaft.ATC makes the control arm holding the instrument next used move to predetermined bits Put (replacing position).Subsequently, main tapping declines, and the instrument next used is intercalated on main shaft by control arm.
Instrument includes tool body, the tool retainer of installation tool main body.Control arm change instrument time pair Tool retainer holds, and is installed on main tapping or pulls down from main tapping.Cutting powder etc. are in cutting The course of processing is attached to the main shaft installed surface of tool retainer sometimes.If ATC carries out work in this condition Tool is changed, then the instrument that can produce offsets relative to the position of main shaft.Therefore, machining precision can reduce. In the lathe described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 148039 publications in 2011, in order to prevent cutting powder The attachment at end etc., carrys out the main shaft installed surface of cleaning means keeper by injection coolant.
Cutting powder etc. is attached to main tapping in cutting process sometimes.If ATC enters in this condition Row tool changing, then the cutting powder etc. being attached to main tapping may enter in ATC when main tapping rises Portion.The cutting powder etc. accumulated inside ATC is cause ATC action failure (such as malrotation etc.) former Cause.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of can cut what powder etc. was carried out to being attached to main tapping Lathe.
The lathe of technical scheme 1 includes: main shaft, and this main shaft can be for instrument mounting or dismounting;Main tapping, this main tapping Can move between machining area and tool changing region, and support above-mentioned main shaft, wherein, above-mentioned add The side of machine origin position is located in territory, work area, and in this machining area, machined object is carried out cutting and add Work, above-mentioned tool changing region is located at the opposite side of above-mentioned machine origin position, and in this tool changing region In carry out the replacing of above-mentioned instrument;Tool replacing apparatus, this tool replacing apparatus is in above-mentioned tool changing region In the above-mentioned instrument being installed on above-mentioned main shaft is replaced;Container, this container has cleanout fluid;First Nozzle, above-mentioned main tapping can be sprayed above-mentioned cleanout fluid by this first jet;And first liquid supply unit, should Above-mentioned cleanout fluid is supplied to above-mentioned first jet from said vesse by first liquid supply unit, and from above-mentioned first Nozzle ejects above-mentioned cleanout fluid.Lathe can utilize the cleanout fluid ejected from first jet such as to cut to add The cutting powder etc. being attached to main tapping during work machined object cleans clean.
The lathe of technical scheme 2 also includes: second nozzle, and this second nozzle can be above-mentioned to the injection of above-mentioned instrument Cleanout fluid;And second liquid supply unit, above-mentioned cleanout fluid is supplied by this second liquid supply unit from said vesse It is given to above-mentioned second nozzle, and ejects above-mentioned cleanout fluid from above-mentioned second nozzle.Lathe can utilize from second The cutting powder etc. being attached to instrument when the cleanout fluid that nozzle ejects is by such as machining machined object is clear Clean.Due to first jet and the cleanout fluid of second nozzle common container, therefore, lathe also may not include many Individual container.
The above-mentioned first liquid supply unit of the lathe of technical scheme 3 in first period by above-mentioned cleaning solution supplying To above-mentioned first jet, above-mentioned second liquid supply unit the second phase different from first period by above-mentioned clearly Washing liquid is supplied to above-mentioned second nozzle.Lathe can eject clearly from first jet and second nozzle during difference Washing liquid, accordingly, it is capable to the cleanout fluid of suppression container is not enough.
The lathe of technical scheme 4 also includes: column, and above-mentioned main tapping is supported into and can move by this column;? Support part, above-mentioned tool replacing apparatus is supported in above-mentioned column by this supporting part;And liquid flow path portion, this liquid Body flow path portion extends to above-mentioned first jet and above-mentioned second nozzle from said vesse, and is above-mentioned cleanout fluid Stream, aforesaid liquid flow path portion comprises: common flow path, and this common flow path extends to above-mentioned from said vesse Support part;First branch flow passage, above-mentioned cleanout fluid, from above-mentioned common flow path branch, is drawn by this first branch flow passage It is directed at above-mentioned first jet;And second branch flow passage, this second branch flow passage from above-mentioned common flow path branch, Guiding above-mentioned cleanout fluid to above-mentioned second nozzle, above-mentioned lathe also includes stream switching part, and this stream switches Portion will supply the stream of above-mentioned cleanout fluid at above-mentioned first branch flow passage and above-mentioned second from above-mentioned common flow path Switch between branch flow passage.Owing to lathe can be by the supply object of the cleanout fluid of flowing in common flow path Switch between the first branch flow passage and the second branch flow passage, accordingly, it is capable to effectively utilize the clear of container Washing liquid.
The lathe of technical scheme 5 also includes: column, and above-mentioned main tapping is supported into and can move by this column;? Support part, above-mentioned tool replacing apparatus is supported in above-mentioned column by this supporting part;And liquid flow path portion, this liquid Body flow path portion extends to above-mentioned first jet and above-mentioned second nozzle from said vesse, and is above-mentioned cleanout fluid Stream, aforesaid liquid flow path portion comprises: common flow path, and this common flow path extends to above-mentioned from said vesse Support part;First branch flow passage, above-mentioned cleanout fluid, from above-mentioned common flow path branch, is drawn by this first branch flow passage It is directed at above-mentioned first jet;And second branch flow passage, this second branch flow passage from above-mentioned common flow path branch, Guiding above-mentioned cleanout fluid to above-mentioned second nozzle, above-mentioned lathe also includes: the first switching valve, and this first is cut Change valve to be located on above-mentioned first branch flow passage, can be the blocked state that above-mentioned first branch flow passage is blocked and general Switch between the open mode that above-mentioned first branch flow passage is opened;And the second switching valve, this second is cut Change valve to be located on above-mentioned second branch flow passage, can be the blocked state that above-mentioned second branch flow passage is blocked and general Switching between the open mode that above-mentioned second branch flow passage is opened, above-mentioned first liquid supply unit is above-mentioned The above-mentioned first switching valve of first phase chien shih is in above-mentioned open mode, and at above-mentioned second phase chien shih above-mentioned first Switching valve is in above-mentioned blocked state, and above-mentioned second liquid supply unit is cut at above-mentioned first phase chien shih above-mentioned second Change valve and be in above-mentioned blocked state, and be at the above-mentioned second switching valve of above-mentioned second phase chien shih and above-mentioned open shape State.Lathe can make the first switching valve and the second switching the simplest structure of valve opening and closing by employing, properly Period eject cleanout fluid from first jet and second nozzle, wherein, above-mentioned first switching valve and second cuts Change valve and be respectively arranged on the first branch flow passage from common flow path branch and the second branch flow passage.
The lathe of technical scheme 6 also includes: returning initial point portion, this recurrence initial point portion makes above-mentioned main tapping from upper State machining area and move to above-mentioned machine origin position;First moving part, this first moving part makes by above-mentioned Recurrence initial point portion moves to the above-mentioned main tapping of above-mentioned machine origin position and moves to above-mentioned tool changing region Interior ad-hoc location;And second moving part, this second moving part makes to be moved to by above-mentioned first moving part The above-mentioned main tapping of above-mentioned ad-hoc location moves to above-mentioned machine origin position, above-mentioned tool replacing apparatus along with Above-mentioned first moving part makes movement that above-mentioned main tapping carries out be pulled out by the above-mentioned instrument being installed on above-mentioned main shaft Under, and along with above-mentioned second moving part makes movement that above-mentioned main tapping carries out be installed on above-mentioned by next instrument Main shaft, the period that above-mentioned recurrence initial point portion is made above-mentioned main tapping move by above-mentioned first liquid supply unit is as upper Stating first period, by above-mentioned cleaning solution supplying to above-mentioned first jet, above-mentioned second liquid supply unit is by above-mentioned Second moving part makes period that above-mentioned main tapping moves as the above-mentioned second phase, above-mentioned cleaning solution supplying is arrived Above-mentioned second nozzle.
Move to the period of machine origin position at main tapping from machining area, from first jet eject clear Main tapping is carried out by washing liquid.Therefore, more change the outfit at entering tools such as the cutting powder being attached to main tapping Before the inside put, cutting powder etc. can be removed by lathe from main tapping.Move from ad-hoc location at main tapping To the period of machine origin position, instrument is carried out by the cleanout fluid ejected from second nozzle.Therefore, Before the cutting powder etc. being attached to instrument enters main shaft inside, cutting powder etc. can be removed by lathe from instrument Go.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the axonometric charts of lathe 1.
Fig. 3 is the right view on lathe 1 top.
Fig. 4 is the biopsy cavity marker devices right view of main tapping 7.
Fig. 5 is the biopsy cavity marker devices right view of main tapping 7 and control arm 73.
Fig. 6 is main tapping 7 and the right view of tool storage room 21.
Fig. 7 is the upward view that nozzle forms component 150.
Fig. 8 is that the line B-B of Fig. 7 is to regarding sectional view.
Fig. 9 is the loop diagram of wiper mechanism 40.
Figure 10 is the block diagram of numerical control device 30.
Figure 11 is the flow chart of the main process of lathe 1.
Figure 12 is instrument washer jet 120, the sequential chart of main tapping washer jet 130,140.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter, referring to the drawings the lathe 1 of an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.In Fig. 1, arrow represents Top to bottom, left and right, front and rear represent the upper and lower, around of lathe 1 respectively.
Below the structure of lathe 1 is illustrated.As shown in Figure 1 to 4, lathe 1 includes casting made of iron Pedestal 2, it is configured at the machine tool main body 3 on the upside of pedestal 2, is configured at the ATC20 on machine tool main body 3 top, general The protective cover (not shown) etc. that the surrounding of machine tool main body 3 and ATC20 impales.Machine tool main body 3 is to machined object Cut.The instrument 4 being installed on main shaft 9 is replaced by ATC20.Protective cover includes at its front surface Guidance panel (not shown).Guidance panel includes input unit 24 and display 25 (with reference to Figure 10).Operator Confirm the display information of display 25, use input unit 24 by processor, the kind of instrument, instrument letter Breath, various parameters etc. are input to numerical control device 30 (with reference to Figure 10).Processor is to use multiple module definition The program of the processing content of machined object, it is stored in RAM33.This module is by instruction set in advance (such as, G code, M code) constitute.
Below the structure of machine tool main body 3 is illustrated.Machine tool main body 3 include column 5, main tapping 7, Main shaft 9, workbench 10, wiper mechanism 40, supporting part 78 etc..The column 5 of prism-shaped is after pedestal 2 Extend upward on the upside of portion, and main tapping 7 is supported into and can lift along the front surface of column 5.Supporting part 78 is the tabular component extended forward from column 5 top, and ATC20 is supported in column 5.Main tapping 7 is mobile along Z-direction (above-below direction of machine tool main body 3) under the driving of Z axis motor 53 (with reference to Figure 10). The bottom of main tapping 7 is located at by main shaft 9.Main shaft 9 energy mounting or dismounting tools 4, and can be in spindle motor 54 (reference Rotate under driving Figure 10).
The upside of pedestal 2 is located at by workbench 10.X-axis motor 51 (with reference to Figure 10), Y-axis motor 52 (ginseng According to Figure 10), guiding mechanism (not shown) make workbench 10 X-direction (left and right directions of machine tool main body 3), Y direction (direction before and after machine tool main body 3) is upper mobile.Control chamber 6 is configured at the rear side of column 5, Numerical control device 30 (with reference to Figure 10) is received.Wiper mechanism 40 utilize coolant to be attached to instrument 4, Cutting powder etc. on main tapping 7 is carried out.
Below the travel mechanism of workbench 10 is illustrated.Workbench 10 is provided with rectangular-shaped in its underpart Support platform 12.Support platform 12 surface thereon and be provided with a pair X-axis feeding guiding extended along X-direction Part (not shown).Workbench 10 is supported into and can move by a pair X-axis feed guide.
Pedestal 2 is provided with a pair Y-axis feed guide (not shown) extended along Y direction at an upper portion thereof.One Y-axis feed guide is extended along direction before and after pedestal 2.A pair Y-axis feed guide will support platform 12 support into and can move.Pedestal 2 is provided with Y-axis motor 52 (with reference to Figure 10) at an upper portion thereof.Y-axis motor 52 Workbench 10 is driven to move in the Y-axis direction along Y-axis feed guide.Support platform 12 to set at an upper portion thereof There is X-axis motor 51 (with reference to Figure 10).X-axis motor 51 drives workbench 10 to exist along X-axis feed guide Move in X-direction.X-axis motor 51, Y-axis motor 52 are servo motors.
Support platform 12 and be provided with protective cover 13,14 in the left and right sides of workbench 10.Support platform 12 in work The front side of platform 10 is provided with protective cover 15.Protective cover is not (after the rear side of workbench 10 is provided with Y-axis to support platform 12 Diagram).Protective cover 13~15 can be flexible on the moving direction of workbench 10 respectively.Protective cover 13~15, After Y-axis, protective cover covers X-axis feed guide, Y-axis feed guide all the time.Therefore, lathe 1 can be prevented Cutting powder, the spittle etc. of coolant that stopping disperses from machining area described later fall each axle feed guide On.
Below the elevating mechanism of main tapping 7 is illustrated.Main tapping 7 is supported into by column 5 can be by leading Rail (not shown) and linear guide are freely lifted.Guide rail is on front side (left side of Fig. 4) edge of column 5 Above-below direction is fixed.Spindle motor 54 is fixed on the top of main tapping 7.
Vertically extending screw shaft 26 is supported into energy with downside bearing portion 28 by upper shaft bearing portion 27 Front surface at column 5 rotates.Screw shaft 26 and the nut 29 being fixed on main tapping 7 back side screw togather.Z Axle motor 53 (with reference to Figure 10, the most not shown) is fixed on the top of upper shaft bearing portion 27.Screw shaft The upper end of 26 is connected with the drive shaft of Z axis motor 53 (not shown) via shaft coupling (not shown).Spiral shell Bar axle 26 rotates towards forward and reverse direction under the driving of Z axis motor 53.When screw shaft 26 is towards both forward and reverse directions During rotation, nut 29 lifts.Therefore, main tapping 7 is in Z-direction (the arrow A direction of Fig. 4) Upper lifting.
Main shaft 9 lifts relative to the machined object being fixed on workbench 10 together with main tapping 7, and enters Row rotates.Therefore, the instrument 4 being installed on main shaft 9 carries out machining.As it is shown in figure 5, main tapping 7 It is processed action at machining area, and carries out instrument 4 in tool changing region (hereinafter referred to as ATC region) Replacing action.Machining area is the machine origin i.e. Z axis initial point region more on the lower of relatively Z axis.ATC Region is the region closer to the top compared with Z axis initial point.Machine origin be X-axis, the machine coordinates of Y-axis be 0, And the position that the machine coordinates of Z axis is the upper limit position that can process.
Below the structure of instrument 4 is illustrated.As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, instrument 4 has tool body 16, the tool retainer 17 of installation tool main body 16.Tool retainer 17 has shank 17a and pulls spiral shell Post portion 17b.Shank 17a has the conical surface corresponding with the taper hole 18 of main shaft 9 bottom.When side is observed, Pulling stud portion 17b is that T font highlights upward from the upper end of shank 17a.
Below the internal structure of main tapping 7 is illustrated.As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, main shaft 9 is revolving The mode turned is supported on inside the forward lower part of main tapping 7.Main shaft 9 has rotating shaft in the vertical direction.Main Axle 9 is connected with the drive shaft of spindle motor 54 (not shown) via shaft coupling 23.Main shaft 9 is along with main shaft The rotation of motor 54 drives and rotates.Main shaft 9 has for installing shank 17a at its cephalic par (bottom) Taper hole 18.Main shaft 9 has keeper clamping components 19 and draw bar 81 therein.As shank 17a Time chimeric with taper hole 18, keeper clamping components 19 clamps pulling stud portion 17b.Work as draw bar 81 when pressing keeper clamping components 19 downward, and keeper clamping components 19 releases pulling stud portion The clamping of 17b.
Main tapping 7 upper inner in its rear, supports into via support shaft 61 can freely put toggle-action lever 60 Dynamic.Toggle-action lever 60 side-looking is inverted L font, including the vertical rod 60b extended in vertical direction, from vertically The horizon bar 60a that the bottom of bar 60b the most substantially horizontally extends.Pin 65 is towards with draw bar 81 just The direction handed over highlights.The cephalic par (leading section) of horizon bar 60a can engage with pin 65.Plane cam body 66 is solid Upper rear portion due to vertical rod 60b.Cam follower 67 is fixed on upper shaft bearing portion 27.Plane cam body 66 can separate with cam follower 67.Draft helical spring 68 is flexibly located at vertical rod 60b and master Between spindle nose 7.Draft helical spring 68 all the time by toggle-action lever 60 towards clockwise direction when observing from right Force.Therefore, in time carrying out tool changing action in addition to, horizon bar 60a departs from pin 65.
When the instrument of replacing, it is installed in the taper hole 18 of main shaft 9 at the shank 17a of tool retainer 17 Under state, main tapping 7 rises.Plane cam body 66 is along with the rising of main tapping 7, and cam driven Part 67 contacts, mobile.When right flank is observed, toggle-action lever 60 is the inverse time centered by support shaft 61 Pin rotates.Horizon bar 60a engages with pin 65, is pressed downward by pin 65.Draw bar 81 is the most right Keeper clamping components 19 exerts a force.Therefore, keeper clamping components 19 can release pulling stud portion 17b Clamping.Main tapping 7 can carry out the instrument 4 mounting or dismounting relative to main shaft 9 by above-mentioned action.
Below the structure of ATC20 is illustrated.As shown in Figure 4, ATC20 includes tool storage room 21.Instrument Storehouse 21 includes the storehouse main body 71 of flanged pin cylindrical shape, multiple control arm 73.Storehouse main body 71 includes cylindrical shape Bushing portion 74, flange part 72.Flange part 72 is with the flange shape outer peripheral face front being located at bushing portion 74. Multiple control arms 73 are arranged to swing along the periphery at flange part 72 back side.It is fixed on supporting part 78 Storehouse supports platform 87 and support shaft 75 is supported into and can rotate.Support shaft 75 is towards the front side of lathe 1 towards under tiltedly Fang Yanshen.Support shaft 75 is embedded in bushing portion 74.Storehouse main body 71 is towards the front of lathe 1 and towards circle The front configuration of the flange part 72 of shape.Storehouse main body 71 can rotate together with support shaft 75.Plectane 77 is to prop up Centered by support axle 75, it is embedded to the rearward end of bushing portion 74, and is fixed on bushing portion 74.Roll profile Cam follower (not shown) is at rear side (face relative with main tapping 7) and multiple control arms of plectane 77 The allocation position of 73 is arranged accordingly.
Housing 82 is fixed on storehouse and supports the top of platform 87.Storehouse motor 55 is fixed on the top of housing 82.Storehouse Motor 55 is the motor that storehouse main body 71 rotates.The rotating shaft of storehouse motor 55 is in the inner side of housing 82 and rotation The part connection of mechanism.Rotating mechanism comprises multiple gear (not shown) and cam (not shown).Plectane 77 Multiple cam followers the most chimeric with the cam path (not shown) being formed at cam.Plectane 77 pass through into Row intermittent rotary, can be positioned at the bottom of storehouse main body 71 by a control arm in multiple control arms 73. This bottom is to change position.
Control arm 73 has handle part 73a (with reference to Fig. 5) in its head end side.Instrument can be protected by handle part 73a Gripping member 17 holds.In multiple control arms 73, only it is positioned a handle of storehouse main body 71 bottom Gripping arm uses cam mechanism (not shown) to swing along with the lifting action of main tapping 7.It is positioned at bottom The handle part 73a of control arm 73 near close the position of main shaft 9 and away from the retreating position of main shaft 9 Between move.
Below the structure of wiper mechanism 40 is illustrated.As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, wiper mechanism 40 include container 50, liquid flow path portion 100, instrument washer jet 120, main tapping washer jet 130, 140.Container 50 is configured at the top of column 5, stores coolant.Liquid flow path portion 100 be from Container 50 extends to the cooling of each nozzle (instrument washer jet 120, main tapping washer jet 130,140) The stream of liquid.
Liquid flow path portion 100 have common flow path the 101, first branch 102, first switch valve 103, Second branch 104, main tapping clean supply road the 105,106, second branch flow passage 107, second and switch Valve 108, instrument clean supply road 109 etc..Common flow path 101 is to extend to supporting part 78 from container 50 The stream of coolant.Common flow path 101 the coolant in portion in the inner of flowing moving direction (hereinafter referred to as For liquid moving direction) downstream be connected with the first branch 102.First branch 102 is by coolant Stream be branched off into the first branch flow passage 110 and the second branch flow passage 107 the two stream.
First branch flow passage 110 is connected with the first switching valve 103 in the downstream of liquid moving direction.First Switching valve 103 is connected with the second branch 104 in the downstream of liquid moving direction.Second branch 104 The stream of coolant is branched off into main tapping and cleans the two supply road, supply road 105,106.First switching Valve 103 can be switched to valve closing position and valve opening position.Valve closing position is that the first switching valve 103 will connect first The position that the stream of branch flow passage 110 and the second branch 104 is closed.Valve opening position is the first switching valve 103 By this stream open position.Main tapping cleans supply road 105 and coolant is supplied to main tapping washer jet 130.Main tapping cleans supply road 106 and coolant is supplied to main tapping washer jet 140.
Second branch flow passage 107 is connected with the second switching valve 108 in the downstream of liquid moving direction.Second Switching valve 108 cleans supply road 109 and is connected in the downstream of liquid moving direction with instrument.Instrument cleans and supplies To road 109, coolant is supplied to instrument washer jet 120.Second switching valve 108 can be switched to valve closing position Put and valve opening position.Valve closing position is that the second switching valve 108 will connect the second branch flow passage 107 and instrument is clear Wash the position that the stream on supply road 109 is closed.Valve opening position is that this stream is opened by the second switching valve 108 Position.First switching valve 103, second is switched valve 108 towards closing by not shown force application component (spring member) Valve position switches.First switching valve 103, second is switched valve 108 towards valve opening position by gas-pressurized described later Switching.
As it is shown in figure 5, ring-type mainshaft cap 22 is fixed on the lower end of main tapping 7 by multiple screws.Ring-type Path 26 is formed at the bottom of mainshaft cap 22.Ring-type nozzle forms component 88 and is fixed on mainshaft cap 22 Lower end side.Nozzle forms the lower surface of component 88 and is positioned at the height roughly the same with the end face 9a of main shaft 9. Annulus 26 cleans supply road 109 and connects with the instrument being connected to mainshaft cap 22.
Nozzle forms component 88 and has ring-type instrument washer jet 120.Instrument washer jet 120 and ring Shape path 26 connects.Coolant is supplied to instrument washer jet 120 by annulus 26.Instrument cleans spray Coolant is sprayed (dotted arrow of Fig. 5) towards obliquely downward towards the axis of main shaft 9 by mouth 120.When instrument is protected Gripping member 17 towards main shaft 9 taper hole 18 and upward relative movement time, instrument washer jet 120 utilizes cold But the surface of shank 17a is carried out by the injection stream of liquid.
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 3, Fig. 6, supporting part 78 comprises a pair gripper shoe 78a, 78b.A pair Fagging 78a, 78b are relative with the left and right of main tapping 7 respectively, and extend forward above workbench 10. Block nozzle forms component 150 and is fixed on the lower end of gripper shoe 78a by multiple screws.Such as Fig. 7, Fig. 8 Shown in, nozzle forms component 150 and has blind hole 151, entrance hole 152, screw hole 153 etc..
Blind hole 151 forms side (being front in Fig. 6) opening of component 150 at nozzle.Main tapping cleans and supplies It is connected with this opening to road 105.One end of entrance hole 152 connects with blind hole 151.Entrance hole 152 another One end connects with main tapping washer jet 130.Main tapping washer jet 130 is provided at nozzle and forms component 150 The spray orifice of lower surface.The diameter of main tapping washer jet 130 is bigger than entrance hole 152, and tilts forward. Coolant is sprayed the (void of Fig. 6 towards obliquely downward towards the underface of tool storage room 21 by main tapping washer jet 130 Line arrow).
Nozzle formation component 150, as gripper shoe 78a, also is secured to the lower end of gripper shoe 78b.It is located at The spray orifice that the nozzle of gripper shoe 78b is formed on component 150 is main tapping washer jet 140.Main tapping cleans Coolant is sprayed towards obliquely downward by nozzle 140 towards the underface of tool storage room 21.
A pair main tapping washer jet in symmetric configuration 130,140 is observed from the left and right sides towards master in front Spindle nose 7 sprays coolant.When main tapping 7 rises from the lower section of tool storage room 21, main tapping washer jet 130,140 can utilize the injection stream of coolant that the surface of main tapping 7 is carried out.
Below the cleanout fluid loop of wiper mechanism 40 is illustrated.As it is shown in figure 9, wiper mechanism 40 Than the above described structure, also have pump 58, gas source the 80, first electromagnetic valve the 91, second electromagnetic valve 92, First the 221, second gas supply road, the 212, first gas supply road, the 211, second gas passage, gas passage 222.Container 50 is located at by pump 58.Pump 58 attracts coolant from container 50, and is fed to common flow path 101.Gas source 80 supplies the gas-pressurized being controlled first electromagnetic valve the 91, second electromagnetic valve 92.
Gas source 80 is connected with first electromagnetic valve the 91, second electromagnetic valve 92 via the first gas passage 211. First electromagnetic valve 91 is in the downstream of the moving direction (hereinafter referred to as gas moving direction) of gas, via One gas supply road 221 is connected with the first switching valve 103.First electromagnetic valve 91 can be in primary importance and the Carry out TURP between two positions to change.Primary importance is that the first electromagnetic valve 91 is forbidden towards the first gas supply road 221 The position of supply gas.The second position is that the first electromagnetic valve 91 allows to supply towards the first gas supply road 221 The position of gas.When the first electromagnetic valve 91 is positioned at primary importance, deafener 91a will be than the first electromagnetism The pressure that valve 91 also produces by the position in gas moving direction downstream is discharged into the atmosphere.
Second electromagnetic valve 92 is cut with second via the second gas supply road 222 in gas moving direction downstream Change valve 108 to connect.Second electromagnetic valve 92 can carry out TURP between the first location and the second location and change.The One position is the position that the second electromagnetic valve 92 forbids towards the second gas supply road 222 supply gas.Second Putting is the second electromagnetic valve 92 position of allowing towards the second gas supply road 222 supply gas.When the second electromagnetism When valve 92 is positioned at primary importance, deafener 92a will be under than the second electromagnetic valve 92 also by gas moving direction The pressure that the position of trip side produces is discharged into the atmosphere.
Numerical control device 30 is controlled, and first electromagnetic valve the 91, second electromagnetic valve 92 is switched to respectively Any one position in one position, the second position.When numerical control device 30 makes the first electromagnetic valve 91 connect, First electromagnetic valve 91 is switched to the second position.The gas-pressurized of gas source 80 passes through the first electromagnetic valve 91 And flow into the first gas supply road 221.In the first gas supplies road 221, the gas-pressurized of flowing makes first The force application component compression of switching valve 103, thus the first switching valve 103 is switched on valve position.Due to cold But liquid can flow to main tapping washer jet 130,140 from container 50, therefore, main tapping washer jet 130, 140 can eject coolant.
When numerical control device 30 makes the second electromagnetic valve 92 connect, the second electromagnetic valve 92 is switched to second Put.The gas-pressurized of gas source 80 flows into the second gas supply road 222 by the second electromagnetic valve 92.? In second gas supply road 222, the gas-pressurized of flowing makes the force application component of the second switching valve 108 compress, from And the second switching valve 108 is switched on valve position.Clean owing to coolant can flow to instrument from container 50 Nozzle 120, therefore, instrument washer jet 120 can eject coolant.
Below the electrical structure of lathe 1 is illustrated.As shown in Figure 10, lathe 1 includes numerical control device 30.Numerical control device 30 includes CPU31, ROM32, RAM33, input interface 34, output interface 35, drives Galvanic electricity road 201~209 etc..In ROM32, storage has the control program etc. resolving and performing processor.RAM33 In interim storage have the value etc. calculated during performing control program.
CPU31 is connected with drive circuit 201~209 via output interface 35.Drive circuit 201~209 With respective control object i.e. X-axis motor 51, Y-axis motor 52, Z axis motor 53, spindle motor 54, Storehouse motor 55, pump 58, display the 25, first electromagnetic valve the 91, second electromagnetic valve 92 connect.X-axis motor 51, Y-axis motor 52, Z axis motor 53 include encoder 51a~53a respectively.Input unit 24, encoder 51a~53a is connected with CPU31 via input interface 34.
Drive circuit 201~203 receives the signal representing move amount from CPU31, and will drive electricity Stream output is to each motor 51~53.Position feed back signal is input to input interface 34 by encoder 51a~53a. Drive circuit 201~203, based on position feed back signal, is operated the X-axis position of platform 10, Y-axis position Feedback control with the Z axis position of main tapping 7.
Main process to lathe 1 below illustrates.Main process in present embodiment refers to carry out known Tool changing action and to instrument 4, the process of the cleaning action of main tapping 7.CPU31 is based on being stored in ROM32 In control program perform main process.
As shown in figure 11, the module 1 of the processor during CPU31 will be stored in RAM33 reads in (S1). Whether CPU31 judge module 1 is that EP (end of program) instructs (S3).When module 1 not EP (end of program) instructs (S3: No), whether CPU31 judge module 1 is that tool changing instructs (S5).
When module 1 is tool changing instruction (S5: yes), CPU31 makes the driving of spindle motor 54 stop, Thus stop the rotation (S11) of main shaft 9.Z axis motor 53 is driven controlling by CPU31, makes main tapping 7 begin to ramp up (S11) from machining area.CPU31 makes the first electromagnetic valve 91 connect, thus connects main tapping Coolant injection (S11) of washer jet 130,140.Main tapping washer jet 130,140 starts injection Coolant.
CPU31 judges that main tapping 7 has arrived Z axis initial point (S13) the most.When main tapping 7 not yet arrives Z During axle initial point (S13: no), CPU31 makes process return to S13.When main tapping 7 has arrived Z axis initial point (S13: yes), CPU31 makes the first electromagnetic valve 91 disconnect, thus disconnects main tapping washer jet 130,140 Coolant injection (S15).Main tapping washer jet 130,140 stops injection coolant.
CPU31 judges that main tapping 7 has arrived ATC initial point (S17) the most.ATC initial point is tool storage room 21 energy The position rotated.When main tapping 7 not yet arrives ATC initial point (S17: no), CPU31 makes process return to Step S17.When main tapping 7 has arrived ATC initial point (S17: yes), storehouse motor 55 is carried out by CPU31 Drive and control, make tool storage room 21 rotate, thus the control arm 73 holding next instrument 4 is positioned at replacing On position (S19).
CPU31 judges that the location of tool storage room 21 terminates (S21) the most.At the end of location is (S21: yes), Z axis motor 53 is driven controlling by CPU31, makes main tapping 7 begin to decline (S23) from ATC initial point. CPU31 makes the second electromagnetic valve 92 connect, thus the coolant of up tool washer jet 120 injection (S23). Instrument washer jet 120 starts to spray coolant.
CPU31 judges that main tapping 7 has arrived Z axis initial point (S25) the most.When main tapping 7 not yet arrives Z During axle initial point (S25: no), CPU31 makes process return to step S25.When main tapping 7, to have arrived Z axis former During point (S25: yes), CPU31 makes the second electromagnetic valve 92 disconnect, thus disconnects instrument washer jet 120 Coolant injection (S27).Instrument washer jet 120 stops injection coolant.
When the module 1 not tool changing instruction read in (S5: no), CPU31 performs represented by module 1 Other instruction (S7).After execution of step S7 or step S27, CPU31 transfers to processor Next module (S9), reads in next module (S1).When module 1 is EP (end of program) instruction (S3: yes), CPU31 terminates main process.
With reference to Figure 12, the tool changing action performed lathe 1 in main process (Figure 11) is carried out specifically Bright.When the module 1 read in is tool changing instruction (S5: yes), main tapping 7 stops in the rotation of main shaft 9 Under state only, start to rise (S11, moment t1) from machining area.Main tapping washer jet 130, 140 switch to connection (S11, moment t1) from disconnection.As Fig. 6 illustrates, main tapping washer jet 130,140 spray coolant towards main tapping 7, thus it is clear to will attach to the cutting powder on main tapping 7 surface etc. Clean.
Along with main tapping 7 moves from retreating position near Z axis initial point, the control arm 73 being in replacing position To near position.When main tapping 7 arrives Z axis initial point (S13: be, moment t2), the handle of control arm 73 Hold portion 73a the instrument 4 using end being installed on main shaft 9 is held.Main tapping washer jet 130,140 disconnection (S15, moment t2) is switched to from connection.Main tapping washer jet 130,140 stops Main tapping 7 is sprayed coolant.Along with main tapping 7 rises in ATC region, draw bar 81 will keep Part clamping components 19 presses downward.Keeper clamping components 19 releases the clamping pulling stud portion 17b.
When main tapping 7 arrives ATC initial point (S17: yes), CPU31 carries out the Spin Control of tool storage room 21. The control arm 73 using the instrument 4 terminated to hold is moved towards away from the direction changing position.Under to The control arm 73 that one instrument 4 carries out holding moves to change position (S19).Location when tool storage room 21 At the end of (S21: yes), main tapping 7 start from ATC initial point decline (S23, moment t3).Instrument cleans Nozzle 120 switches to connection (S23, moment t3) from disconnection.As Fig. 5 illustrates, instrument cleans spray Mouth 120 sprays coolant towards instrument 4, thus will attach to the cutting powder on shank 17a surface etc. and clean clean.
When main tapping 7 drops to Z axis initial point (S25: be, moment t4), draw bar 81 is no longer to guarantor Gripping member clamping components 19 presses.Keeper clamping components 19 clamps pulling stud portion 17b. Next one instrument 4 is installed on main shaft 9 (with reference to Fig. 4).Instrument washer jet 120 switches to disconnected from connection Open (S27, moment t4).Instrument washer jet 120 stops instrument 4 is sprayed coolant.Main tapping 7 from Z axis origin position rises and declines in machining area.It is in the control arm 73 changing position to move near position To retreating position.Lathe 1 can use next instrument 4 at machining area, to perform the cutting of machined object Processing.
As described above, CPU31 by coolant from container 50 be supplied to main tapping washer jet 130, 140, and spray coolant from 130,140 pairs of main tappings 7 of main tapping washer jet.Therefore, lathe 1 energy The coolant ejected from main tapping washer jet 130,140 is utilized such as machined object to be cut Add the cutting powder etc. being attached to main tapping 7 man-hour and clean clean.
Coolant is supplied to instrument washer jet 120 from container 50 by CPU31, and from instrument washer jet 120 pairs of instruments 4 spray coolant.Main tapping washer jet 130,140 and instrument washer jet 120 share The coolant of container 50.Therefore, lathe 1 need not arrange multiple container.
CPU31 is towards the period of main tapping washer jet 130,140 supply coolant and towards instrument washer jet The period of 120 supply coolants is different.Lathe 1 in different periods from main tapping washer jet 130,140 Coolant is ejected with instrument washer jet 120.Therefore, lathe 1 can suppress the coolant of container 50 not Foot.
CPU31 switches from common flow path 101 between the first branch flow passage 110 and the second branch flow passage 107 The stream of supply coolant.Lathe 1 is right by switching in the supply of the coolant of flowing in common flow path 101 As, the coolant of container 50 can be effectively utilized.
The period of Z axis initial point, main tapping washer jet 130,140 is moved to from machining area at main tapping 7 Main tapping 7 is carried out by the coolant ejected.Therefore, it is being attached to the cutting powder etc. of main tapping 7 Before entering ATC20 inside, cutting powder etc. can be removed by lathe 1 from main tapping 7.Main tapping 7 from ATC initial point moves to the period of Z axis initial point, and the coolant ejected from instrument washer jet 120 can be to work Tool 4 is carried out.Therefore, before the cutting powder etc. being attached to instrument 4 enters main shaft 9 inside, machine Cutting powder etc. can be removed by bed 1 from instrument 4.
Main tapping washer jet 130,140 is an example of the first jet of the present invention.Perform step S11 CPU31 is an example of the first liquid supply unit of the present invention.Instrument washer jet 120 is the second of the present invention One example of nozzle.The CPU31 of execution step S23 is an example of the second liquid supply unit of the present invention.Support Portion 78 is an example of the supporting part of the present invention.Perform step S11, the CPU31 of S15, S23, S27 is this One example of the stream switching part of invention.Execution step S11, the CPU31 of S13 are the recurrence initial points of the present invention One example in portion.Execution step S11, the CPU31 of S17 are examples of first moving part of the present invention.Perform Step S23, the CPU31 of S25 are examples of second moving part of the present invention.ATC initial point is the spy of the present invention The example that location is put.
The lathe of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, can carry out various deformation.Can be to main tapping 7 The position of the nozzle of jet cleaning liquid, quantity, size etc. also can be with main tapping washer jets 130,140 Position, quantity, size difference.Such as, lathe may also set up one can be to main tapping 7 jet cleaning liquid Nozzle, it is also possible to arrange more than three.This nozzle also can be located at different from supporting part 78 in lathe 1 Position.
Can also be able to be main tapping 7 to the period that cleanout fluid is ejected by the nozzle of main tapping 7 jet cleaning liquid The period beyond the period of Z axis initial point is risen to from machining area.This nozzle the most also can main tapping 7 from Z axis initial point drops to the period of machining area and is ejected by cleanout fluid.This nozzle is towards main tapping 7 jet cleaning The position of liquid can also be the position beyond the left and right directions of main tapping 7.This nozzle such as can also be from main shaft Before and after 7, cleanout fluid is ejected by direction.
Lathe can also be not provided with can be to the nozzle of instrument jet cleaning liquid.Can be to main tapping 7 jet cleaning liquid Nozzle and the nozzle of instrument jet cleaning liquid can also can be sprayed respectively the cleaning being stored in different vessels Liquid.Lathe may not be the vertical machine of main tapping 7 lifting, but movable horizontal of main tapping 7 Lathe.Cleanout fluid can also be the liquid (such as distilled water) beyond coolant.

Claims (6)

1. a lathe, it is characterised in that including:
Main shaft, this main shaft can be for instrument mounting or dismounting;
Main tapping, this main tapping can move between machining area and tool changing region, and supports institute Stating main shaft, wherein, described machining area is located at the side of machine origin position, and right in this machining area Machined object carries out machining, and the opposite side of described machine origin position is located in described tool changing region, And in this tool changing region, carry out the replacing of described instrument;
Column, described main tapping is supported into and can move by this column;
Tool replacing apparatus, this tool replacing apparatus in described tool changing region to being installed on described main shaft Described instrument be replaced;
Supporting part, described tool replacing apparatus is supported in described column by this supporting part;
Container, this container has cleanout fluid;
First jet, this first jet is located at described supporting part, and described main tapping can be sprayed described cleaning Liquid;And
First liquid supply unit, this first liquid supply unit by described cleanout fluid from described supply for receptacles to described First jet, and eject described cleanout fluid from described first jet.
2. lathe as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described lathe also includes:
Second nozzle, described instrument can be sprayed described cleanout fluid by this second nozzle;And
Second liquid supply unit, this second liquid supply unit by described cleanout fluid from described supply for receptacles to described Second nozzle, and eject described cleanout fluid from described second nozzle.
3. lathe as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that
Described first liquid supply unit in first period by described cleaning solution supplying to described first jet,
Described cleanout fluid is supplied by described second liquid supply unit in the second phase different from described first period It is given to described second nozzle.
4. lathe as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that
Described lathe also includes liquid flow path portion, and this liquid flow path portion extends to described first spray from described container Mouth and described second nozzle, and be the stream of described cleanout fluid,
Described liquid flow path portion comprises:
Common flow path, this common flow path extends to described supporting part from described container;
First branch flow passage, described cleanout fluid, from described common flow path branch, is guided by this first branch flow passage To described first jet;And
Second branch flow passage, described cleanout fluid, from described common flow path branch, is guided by this second branch flow passage To described second nozzle,
Described lathe also includes stream switching part, and this stream switching part will be described clearly from the supply of described common flow path The stream of washing liquid switches between described first branch flow passage and described second branch flow passage.
5. a lathe, it is characterised in that including:
Main shaft, this main shaft can be for instrument mounting or dismounting;
Main tapping, this main tapping can move between machining area and tool changing region, and supports institute Stating main shaft, wherein, described machining area is located at the side of machine origin position, and right in this machining area Machined object carries out machining, and the opposite side of described machine origin position is located in described tool changing region, And in this tool changing region, carry out the replacing of described instrument;
Column, described main tapping is supported into and can move by this column;
Tool replacing apparatus, this tool replacing apparatus in described tool changing region to being installed on described main shaft Described instrument be replaced;
Supporting part, described tool replacing apparatus is supported in described column by this supporting part;
Container, this container has cleanout fluid;
First jet, described main tapping can be sprayed described cleanout fluid by this first jet;
First liquid supply unit, this first liquid supply unit in first period by described cleanout fluid from described container It is supplied to described first jet, and ejects described cleanout fluid from described first jet;
Second nozzle, described instrument can be sprayed described cleanout fluid by this second nozzle;
Second liquid supply unit, this second liquid supply unit will in the second phase different from described first period Described cleanout fluid from described supply for receptacles to described second nozzle, and from described second nozzle eject described clearly Washing liquid;And
Liquid flow path portion, this liquid flow path portion extends to described first jet and described second spray from described container Mouth, and be the stream of described cleanout fluid,
Described liquid flow path portion comprises:
Common flow path, this common flow path extends to described supporting part from described container;
First branch flow passage, described cleanout fluid, from described common flow path branch, is guided by this first branch flow passage To described first jet;And
Second branch flow passage, described cleanout fluid, from described common flow path branch, is guided by this second branch flow passage To described second nozzle,
Described lathe also includes:
First switches valve, and this first switching valve is located on described first branch flow passage, can be by described first point Prop up and switch between blocked state and the open mode that described first branch flow passage is opened of passage blockage; And
Second switches valve, and this second switching valve is located on described second branch flow passage, can be by described second point Prop up and switch between blocked state and the open mode that described second branch flow passage is opened of passage blockage,
Described first liquid supply unit opens shape described in being at the first switching valve described in described first phase chien shih State, and it is in described blocked state at the first switching valve described in described second phase chien shih,
Described second liquid supply unit is in described blocking shape at the second switching valve described in described first phase chien shih State, and it is in described open mode at the second switching valve described in described second phase chien shih.
6. a lathe, it is characterised in that including:
Main shaft, this main shaft can be for instrument mounting or dismounting;
Main tapping, this main tapping can move between machining area and tool changing region, and supports institute Stating main shaft, wherein, described machining area is located at the side of machine origin position, and right in this machining area Machined object carries out machining, and the opposite side of described machine origin position is located in described tool changing region, And in this tool changing region, carry out the replacing of described instrument;
Tool replacing apparatus, this tool replacing apparatus in described tool changing region to being installed on described main shaft Described instrument be replaced;
Container, this container has cleanout fluid;
First jet, described main tapping can be sprayed described cleanout fluid by this first jet;
First liquid supply unit, this first liquid supply unit in first period by described cleanout fluid from described container It is supplied to described first jet, and ejects described cleanout fluid from described first jet;
Second nozzle, described instrument can be sprayed described cleanout fluid by this second nozzle;
Second liquid supply unit, this second liquid supply unit will in the second phase different from described first period Described cleanout fluid from described supply for receptacles to described second nozzle, and from described second nozzle eject described clearly Washing liquid;
Returning initial point portion, this recurrence initial point portion makes described main tapping move to described lathe from described machining area Origin position;
First moving part, this first moving part makes to move to described machine origin position by described recurrence initial point portion The described main tapping put moves to the ad-hoc location in described tool changing region;And
Second moving part, this second moving part makes to move to described ad-hoc location by described first moving part Described main tapping moves to described machine origin position,
Described tool replacing apparatus along with described first moving part make movement that described main tapping carries out and will peace The described instrument being loaded on described main shaft is pulled up, and along with described second moving part makes the shifting that described main tapping carries out Move and next instrument be installed on described main shaft,
The period that described recurrence initial point portion is made described main tapping move by described first liquid supply unit is as institute State first period, by described cleaning solution supplying to described first jet,
Described second moving part is made period that described main tapping moves as institute by described second liquid supply unit State the second phase, by described cleaning solution supplying to described second nozzle.
CN201310315420.4A 2012-07-30 2013-07-24 Lathe Active CN103567807B (en)

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