CN103566850B - Biomass and the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of other more structural body lightings and regeneration and the system recycled - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to more structural body lighting processing technologies such as biomass.Combined system is constituted by mature chemical enginnering process and equipment, the processes such as implementation is decomposed, controlled syntheses in situ, synthesis of derivatives separate and regenerate, recycle, not only so that the difficult decomposition product that separates is realized separation, but also play a variety of advantages such as conversion ratio, yield, selectivity, purity, concentration, holding prototype structure unit that the preference temperatures such as room temperature are decomposed.The working medium circulations such as catalyst, solvent utilize, and are friendly process.Biomass and poor slag, high molecular waste material, low-order coal etc., are all total amount very large resource, and lighting processing can get the products such as a large amount of derivatives or regenerated sugar, monomer, intermediate, oligomer.Green technology can be widely used for the multiple fields such as biomass refining, light industry, agricultural, biochemistry, chemical industry, performance chemicals, derived energy chemical product.The value of numerous resources such as biomass and poor slag, high molecular waste material, low-order coal is promoted, economic value and social effect are very big.

Description

Biomass and the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of other more structural body lightings and regeneration With the system recycled

Technical field

The present invention relates to the modes such as biomass or the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of other more structural body substance lightings to decompose, decomposition product It is converted into derivative, is separated and the utilization of the working medium circulations such as derivates regeneration, solvent and catalyst with realizing derivative with mixed liquor Technique and its apparatus system, belong to processing and the technical field of comprehensive utilization such as biomass.

Background technique

The earth is that huge, more than, circular regeneration, the widely distributed biomass of living and other more structural body physical resources are precious Library.The resources such as sugar, protein, grease and the lignin of biomass are nearly ubiquitous, including plant, animal, microorganism etc..It is raw Substance sugar total amount is huge, including cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, levulan, natural plant gum, chitin, glycogen, animal glue, algae Polysaccharide, microbial polysaccharide etc., wherein especially abundant with plant sugar resource.Plant Main Components are cellulose, hemicellulose, plant Glue and lignin etc., wherein the more structural bodies of polysaccharide (cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, natural plant gum, levulan etc.) are one in plant As account for 2/3 or more, be very big sugared resource.Multiple biomass processings such as light industry, food, agricultural utilize industry, and by-product is a large amount of Biomass slag (poor slag or losing slag), such as schlempe (grain), acid-sludge (grain), bagasse, oil plant slag, mushroom bran.These poor slags contain larger ratio The higher-values components such as carbohydrate, the protein-based, grease type of example, are not yet received compared with good utilisation, some also causes serious environmental protection and asks Topic.The materials such as biomass and its poor slag are the combination or condensate (more structural bodies) of various structures or component, such as polysaccharide, wooden The components such as element, protein, whole components form complicated more structural bodies, it is difficult to directly preferably utilize some component.It is raw The each component of substance and other more structural body substances need to be separated or be separated after decomposing and could preferably utilize.

Multidigit scholar and brainstrust already the study found that and verified for a long time, (lower than sugared under room temperature or suitable heating temperature There is the obvious temperature being denaturalized or decompose in structure), it is hydrolyzed with the solution catalyzing of the higher stronger acids of concentration, such as denseer sulfuric acid is urged Change hydrolysis, the more structural bodies of biomass polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicellulose, chitosan, natural plant gum, levulan etc.) can be analyzed to monosaccharide Or oligosaccharide or the hydrolysis mixture compared with short chain polysaccharides.Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis at a temperature of room temperature or appropriate heating, polysaccharide conversion rate Higher, the sugar yield or yield of hydrolysis are higher, and the sugar concentration and purity of hydrolysis are all higher；Reaction condition is mild, and low energy consumption, at This is low；The sugared stable structure of hydrolysis can avoid hydrolysis sugar structural degeneration or decomposed metamorphic under higher temperature.The sugar concentration of hydrolysis It is higher with purity, be conducive to the direct utilization or deep processing of hydrolysis sugar.Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis at a temperature of room temperature or suitable raising is more Sugared process has obvious superiority.

Due to the monosaccharide or oligosaccharide or short chain polysaccharides of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis generation of biomass polysaccharides and as hydrolyzation catalysis The acid of agent etc. is all dissolved in hydrolysis mixture, it is difficult to be divided hydrolysis sugar and the hydrolysis mixture containing working medium such as acid with conventional method From.Due to not yet preferably solving the separation problem of hydrolysis sugar and mixed liquor, to avoid biggish acid consumption, do not use generally dense Sour water solution, and use diluted acid catalyzing hydrolysis.Diluted acid catalyzing hydrolysis needs to carry out at relatively high temperatures, to obtain certain hydrolysis speed Degree, otherwise diluted acid catalyzing hydrolysis speed is slower.But diluted acid pyrohydrolysis, the problem of leading to many aspects, including energy consumption rise, sugar Structural degeneration is accelerated, other components such as lignin from biomass, which decompose, to be accelerated, and generates more non-saccharide decomposition product or poisonous substance.Diluted acid is urged Changing hydrolysis causes hydrolysis sugar concentration low, limits hydrolysis sugar application field；Hydrolysis sugar concentration is low, leads to production concentration after fermentation Low, product separation costs obviously rise.Dilute acid hydrolysis cannot play the superiority or advantage of biomass polysaccharides Concentrated acid hydrolysis.

Not only biomass is in, room temperature or other preference temperatures (such as appropriateness higher compared with the hydrolysing activity under concentrated acid catalytic action Heating) at a temperature of, the high molecular waste materials such as biomass grain slag, lignite, cellulose or lignin, polyesters and polyamide-based and poly- More structural bodies such as the multiple polymers waste such as urethane class and polyformaldehyde, acid or base catalysis under degrading activity it is higher, be compared with The easily resource of decomposition or lighting.Many acidic materials (such as acid or ackd salt) or alkaline matter (such as alkali or basic salt) or neutrality Substance all can serve as decomposition catalyst (such as hydrolyst), and biomass and other a variety of more structural body materials is made to decompose (such as biomass by hydrolyzation or degradation).Decompose or hydrolyze the carbohydrate generated, amino acids, carboxylic acids, alcohols, ethers, phenols, polypeptide The decomposition products such as class, organic acid, amides are all blended in mixed liquor with decomposition catalyst or solvent, with conventional method hardly possible Directly decomposition product to be separated from decomposition mixed liquor.

It is similar to biomass polysaccharides hydrolytic process, due to not yet relatively efficiently solving decomposition product and mixed liquor separation problem, The superiority of more structural bodies is not only decomposed under room temperature or other preference temperatures, and (including low energy consumption, decomposition product purity is high, decomposition product are dense Spend high) it is not utilized, and such as the use aspects that the lighting of above-mentioned many important more structural body materials is decomposed, length Phase does not obtain due attention, and various more structural body resources is caused not to be utilized effectively.

Multidigit scholar and brainstrust are also already the study found that and also pass through long-term verifying, the biology containing different polysaccharide components Matter can isolate different polysaccharide components, or each polysaccharide component is layered step by step by the hydrolysis or decomposition of layered mode step by step It is hydrolyzed to different liquid glucoses, realizes the separation of each polysaccharide component of biomass, if hemicellulose and cellulose are respectively from biomass In separate.Hemicellulose is also easier to acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, and can be when having substantially no effect on cellulose by hemicellulose water It solves and separates.Plant major part hemicellulose is deviate from, cellulose-containing pulping and paper-making raw material is generated.Protein in biomass, The components such as grease or lignin, all can multi_layer extraction or decomposition step by step.Protein, starch, grease, water-soluble point etc. opposite be easier to point It separates out and.

Most of hemicellulose in pulping and paper-making raw material enters black liquor in company with lignin, and not only hemicellulose resource does not have It is preferably utilized, also increase pulping and paper-making cost, and aggravates environmental issue.Slurrying and papermaking are very extensive industries, It is recycled if the hemicellulose of pulping and papermaking processes realized, can not only save alkali or alkali caused by processing hemicellulose The consumptions of materials such as property salt, and can obviously reduce black liquor amount, and can output largely compared with the derivative produce of the hemicellulose of high added value Product.

Current many stalks are burnt up in field, not only a large amount of valuable biomass resources of waste, but also influence environment.If The component of biomass was both obtained such as the derivative product that polysaccharide conversion is monosaccharide or oligosaccharide or short chain polysaccharides and various sugar A large amount of chemicals or biogenetic products, improve stalk application value, and advantageously account for burning the environmental problem of stalk, there is important meaning Justice.

More structural body materials such as biomass, biomass grain slag, biomass polysaccharides, cellulose family macromolecule waste, for containing More structural body materials of polysaccharide, the i.e. more structural body materials of polysaccharide.The modes such as the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of more structural bodies such as biomass it is light Matterization decompose, sugar or other decomposition products catalysis organic synthesis, extraction and fractionation and evaporation with filtering etc. technical process and its Equipment, is all more mature, lower cost chemical enginnering process and equipment, for technical process and its equipment combined application or open up Exhibition application is laid a good foundation.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention is to which the process unit system for realizing biomass and other more structural body material lighting processing is arranged, With more mature chemical enginnering process and its equipment, combination constitutes the apparatus system and technique of more structural body substance lighting processing System, make macromolecular even supramolecular more structural body materials realize lighting, especially performance biomass polysaccharides or other More structural body materials carry out acid-hydrolyzed superiority under room temperature or other preference temperatures, both solved biomass acid hydrolysis or other The decomposition product and mixed liquor of more structural body material lighting processing are difficult to separation problem, and the derivative produce of the target for obtaining decomposition product Product, or the reconstituted product of derivative is obtained, and realize recycling for the working medium such as acid, synthetics, solvent.

The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by the process system and apparatus system that following process unit system is arranged, tie more The process system of structure body lighting processing was mainly separated by the controlled syntheses process in situ of more structural body decomposition products, derivative Journey, derivates regeneration process recycle the processes such as process composition, i.e. process system mainly includes that the orientation in situ of decomposition product is closed At process, derivative separation process, derivates regeneration process, recycle the processes such as process.More structural bodies include that polysaccharide is tied more Structure body, protein, biomass, biomass grain slag, lignite, lignin, lignin waste, waste polyester sort materials, polyurethane Class waste, polyamide-based waste, polyethers waste, polycarbonate-based waste, polyformaldehyde waste etc..Polysaccharide is tied more Structure body include cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, chitin, microbial polysaccharide, natural plant gum, levulan, algal polysaccharides, biomass, Biomass grain slag, cellulosic waste etc..

The original position controlled syntheses process is the mode carried out in situ in mixed liquor, by non-catalytic process or is being mixed Catalytic process in liquid under catalyst action, by subject component all or part of in mixed liquor be converted into its solid-state derivative, Or 3 analog derivatives of 1 class or 2 classes or whole in liquid derivative or double soluble derivatives are layered with mixed liquor.The catalysis Catalyst during controlled syntheses in situ is original catalyst in mixed liquor, or the catalysis to be newly added into mixed liquor Agent, or the catalyst to be collectively formed by catalyst original in mixed liquor with the catalyst component being newly added in mixed liquor； Catalyst is acidic materials catalyst or alkaline matter catalyst or neutral substance catalyst.Subject component in mixed liquor is more Structural body carries out the decomposition product molecule of decomposable process generation in mixed liquor or carries out the change of chemical combination process generation in mixed liquor It closes object (synthetic) molecule or carries out the condensation product molecule of condensation course generation in mixed liquor or gathered in mixed liquor The polymer molecule or leaching process that conjunction process generates enter leaching object molecule in solution (mixed liquor) or extraction process into Enter the dissolved matter point that extract molecule or course of dissolution in solvent liquid (mixed liquor) enter in solvent liquid (mixed liquor) Son or absorption process enter a kind of molecule or 2 kinds of molecules in the absorbent molecule in solution (mixed liquor) or more molecule (i.e. at least one kind of molecule).The mixed liquor be more structural body lightings process the decomposition mixed liquor to be formed or purifying mixed liquor or Mixed liquor or decomposition of the mixture are modulated, or is the mixed liquor of chemical combination process, or be the mixed liquor of condensation course, or is polymerization process Mixed liquor, or be the mixed liquor of leaching process, or be the mixed liquor of extraction process, or be the mixed liquor of course of dissolution, or be The mixed liquor of absorption process.

Controlled syntheses process in situ is the process individually carried out, or the controlled syntheses mistake in situ to carry out in anabolic process The anabolic process of journey, controlled syntheses process such as in situ and derivative separation process or polysaccharide decomposable process.Anabolic process is successively The anabolic process of each process is carried out, or is the synchronous anabolic process for carrying out 2 or more (i.e. at least two) processes.

Accordingly, the apparatus system that the process system is implemented mainly is separated by controlled syntheses reactor in situ, derivative Facility, derivates regeneration reactor recycle the equipment such as facility composition, i.e., apparatus system mainly includes that controlled syntheses in situ are anti- It answers device, derivative separation facility, derivates regeneration reactor, recycle the equipment such as facility.

The process system and apparatus system composition polysaccharide or the process unit of other more structural body material lighting processing System.

The apparatus system of process unit system includes more structural body pretreatment facilities, the decomposition reaction for decomposing more structural bodies Device, carries out controlled syntheses process in situ and decomposable process at the controlled syntheses reactor in situ for carrying out controlled syntheses process in situ Combined reactor, the derivative separated for derivative separate facility, progress derivative separation process and decomposable process and original position The composite reaction and separator of the anabolic process of controlled syntheses, the combination for carrying out derivative separation process and controlled syntheses in situ Solution before the composite reaction and separator of journey, the derivates regeneration reactor for carrying out derivates regeneration process, the circulation containing working medium Realize that is recycled recycles facility, the separator of separation of solid and liquid, the separator of stratified liquid separation, low boiling point composition point From separator, the tuner of mixed liquor composition allotment, some or all of in the equipment such as separator of double soluble constituents separation Equipment.The equipment for combining constituent apparatus system includes equipment some or all of in above equipment.In above equipment, reaction The equipment such as device, separator are unifunctional equipment, and the equipment such as combined reactor, composite reaction and separator are difunctional or 3 function The equipment of energy or more.The above-mentioned apparatus system of setting for realizing biomass or other more structural body materials lighting Process, wherein more structural body decomposition reactors are for decomposing more structural body materials under room temperature or other preference temperatures Carry out lighting decomposition reaction.

The characteristics of apparatus system and new function include；Provided with decomposition product in mixed solution or condensation product or leaching object or The controlled syntheses reactor or decomposition product in situ of the subject components such as extract or absorbent and the orientation in situ of other subject components The original position of the combined reactor or decomposition product and other subject components of synthetic reaction and the anabolic process of more structural body decomposition reactions The reaction for the anabolic process that controlled syntheses reaction is decomposed with more structural bodies and derivative separates and separator or controlled syntheses in situ The composite reaction and separator of the anabolic process separated with derivative, for carry out individually controlled syntheses reaction process in situ or Controlled syntheses process in situ in anabolic process will decompose mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or modulation mixed liquor or decomposition of the mixture Decomposition product or synthetic (compound) or condensation product or leaching object or extract or absorption some or all of in equal mixed liquors The subject component that object etc. is difficult to separate with mixed liquor, which is oriented synthetic reaction in a manner of in situ and is converted into, to be easier to and mixed liquor point From derivative.Controlled syntheses reactor in situ or decomposition and the combined reactor of controlled syntheses in situ or decomposition and original position are fixed The composite reaction that is separated to the composite reaction that is separated with derivative of synthesis and separator or controlled syntheses in situ with derivative and divide It is stirred tank or collet heating stirring kettle or cold boiler or heating evaporation device or heating in vacuum evaporator or crystallizer from device Or the equipment of settler or tubular reactor or the reaction types such as fractionating column or reaction, extraction tower, or in above equipment type The combined equipment that some types or the combination of all types equipment are constituted.And it is provided with derivative separation facility or derivative point From separating and decompose with the composite reaction of the anabolic process of controlled syntheses in situ with separator or derivative and controlled syntheses in situ Anabolic process composite reaction and separator, for carrying out the derivative in individual derivative separation process or anabolic process The derivative of controlled syntheses process in situ generation is separated in the mixed liquor where it, solves decomposition product by separation process Equal subject components and mixed liquor are difficult to separation problem.It is also provided with derivates regeneration reactor, in derivates regeneration reactor Partial regeneration or complete regenerative process are carried out, derivative is regenerated completely or partial regeneration, obtains the decomposition product etc. of regenerative recovery The derivative products of target product or partial regeneration.And be provided with and recycle facility, containing after processing or processing separation product Solution before the circulation of working medium component some or all of in the working medium such as catalyst, synthetics, distintegrant, regenerative agent, solvent, separation Or imurity-removal, so that solution before above-mentioned circulation is changed into circulation solution, reach the condition recycled, conveying returns to original and used Journey or other technical process are recycled, and realize recycling for working medium.

The controlled syntheses reaction process in situ carried out in controlled syntheses reactor in situ, can will not only be difficult to and mixed liquor The decomposition product (decomposition product) of more structural bodies of separation is converted into the derivative for being easier to separate with mixed liquor, and can use The same or similar method or principle turn the subject component separated with mixed liquor that is difficult in mixed liquor that other processes are formed The derivative for being easier to decompose with mixed liquor is turned to, then separates derivative with mixed liquor.After obtaining derivative, again by derivative Life is restored to subject component.The separation of subject component and mixed liquor in mixed liquor is realized, it is difficult to solve subject component in mixed liquor With with conventional separation methods separation problem.If there is two or more subject components in mixed liquor, generally require to carry out original respectively Position controlled syntheses reaction and the respectively separation of progress derivative and regeneration (process of layered mode step by step), but also in mixed liquor Different target composition realizes separation.

Controlled syntheses process in situ is the mode carried out in situ in mixed liquor, by non-catalytic process or in mixed liquor Catalytic process under catalyst action, by subject component some or all of in mixed liquor be converted into its solid-state derivative or with Mixed liquor is layered liquid derivative or 1 class or 2 classes or whole 3 analog derivatives in double soluble derivatives.Catalysis and in situ orientation is closed It is original catalyst or be the catalyst being newly added into mixed liquor or for by mixing in mixed liquor at catalyst in the process Close the catalyst that original catalyst is collectively formed with the catalyst component being newly added in mixed liquor in liquid.Catalyst is acidity Material catalyst or alkaline matter catalyst or neutral substance catalyst.Subject component in mixed liquor is that more structural bodies are mixing The decomposition product molecule of decomposable process generation is carried out in liquid or the compound (synthetic) of chemical combination process generation is carried out in mixed liquor Molecule, the condensation product molecule that condensation course generation is carried out in mixed liquor carry out the poly- of polymerization process generation in mixed liquor The leaching object molecule or extraction process that adduct molecule or leaching process enter in solution (mixed liquor) enter solvent liquid (mixing Liquid) in extract molecule or course of dissolution enters dissolved matter molecule in solvent liquid (mixed liquor) or absorption process enters 1 kind of molecule or 2 kinds of molecules in absorbent molecule in solution (mixed liquor) or more molecule (i.e. at least one kind of molecule).With After mixed liquor separation, subject component derivates regeneration is restored to subject component product (regeneration subject component product).

Controlled syntheses process in situ is the process individually carried out, or to be combined the controlled syntheses in situ carried out in the process Process；Controlled syntheses process in situ is the controlled syntheses process in situ disposably completed, or is 2 times of layered mode step by step or 3 The controlled syntheses process in situ of secondary or more time (i.e. at least 2 times) completions.

About combined reactor, such as using the synchronous sour water solution for carrying out biomass polysaccharides of collet heating stirring kettle and ester in situ The occasion being combined to forms the acid-hydrolyzed mixed solvent of biomass polysaccharides with water and acetic acid or aceticanhydride etc., with sulfuric acid or sulfurous acid As catalyst, the water of addition is controlled, or does not additionally incorporate water, the water generated using the esterification of acetic acid and glycan molecule It synchronizes and is hydrolyzed, hydrolytic process consumes the water that esterification process generates, and is conducive to esterification progress, and reactor becomes hydrolyzed The combined reactor of journey and esterification process.If extractant is added in said combination reactor, after esterification or partial esterification The extraction of hydrolysis sugar ester enter in extraction agent solution phase, also not only improve esterification in mixed liquor and carry out, but will esterification or The hydrolysis sugar ester of partial esterification is segregated into extraction agent solution, and said combination reactor is converted into reaction and the combination of separator Type equipment.

The process system of process unit system includes more structural body preprocessing process, more structural bodies layer preprocessing mistake step by step Journey, more structural body decomposable processes, more structural bodies step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition process, controlled syntheses process in situ, layering is in situ fixed step by step Combination to synthesis process, the composite reaction process, controlled syntheses and hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step in situ of controlled syntheses in situ and decomposition Reaction process, the composite reaction process for being layered controlled syntheses in situ and decomposition step by step, derivative separation process, layering derives step by step Object separation process, derivative separation and the reaction of controlled syntheses in situ with separate anabolic process, step by step be layered derivative separate and Controlled syntheses in situ reaction with separate anabolic process, derivative separate with step by step layering original position controlled syntheses reaction with separate Anabolic process, derivative separation with decompose and the reaction of controlled syntheses in situ with separate anabolic process, step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition and original The reaction of position controlled syntheses and derivative separation with separate anabolic process, decompose and layering original position controlled syntheses and derivative step by step The reaction of separation with separate anabolic process, decomposition is layered the reaction that separates of derivative with original position controlled syntheses and step by step and separates group Conjunction process, derivates regeneration process are layered derivates regeneration process step by step, recycle process, separation of solid and liquid process, layering liquid Body separation process, double soluble constituent separation processes, be layered step by step double soluble constituent separation processes, the separation process of low boiling point composition, Process step by step some or all of during layering low boiling point composition separation process, mixed liquor composition allocation process etc. is (independent Process or anabolic process).It includes the part in above-mentioned separate processes or anabolic process that i.e. combination, which constitutes the process of process system, Or all processes.

The characteristics of process system processes the method for more structural body materials for lighting and new function include: more structural bodies After material completes pretreatment, under room temperature or other preference temperatures, oriented in individual decomposable process or decomposing in situ In decomposable process in the anabolic process of synthesis or in decomposing the anabolic process separated with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative The decomposable process that lighting is carried out in decomposable process, generates the decomposition of the mixture containing decomposition product.It to be formed with being processed in more structural bodies Mixed liquor decompose in mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or in modulation mixed liquor or in decomposition of the mixture) it is in situ carry out it is independent Controlled syntheses process in situ mode or with the controlled syntheses process in situ in controlled syntheses in situ and the anabolic process of decomposition Mode or the controlled syntheses process in situ in the anabolic process that is separated with decomposition and derivative with controlled syntheses in situ side Formula carries out the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product, all or part of decomposition product is turned to its derivative.Orientation in situ Synthesis process is catalytic process or non-catalytic process.Catalyst is acidic catalyst or basic catalyst or neutral catalyst.It urges Change controlled syntheses process in situ using the former decomposition catalyst in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture as original position controlled syntheses catalyst, Or the catalyst to be newly added into above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture is as the catalyst of controlled syntheses in situ or with above-mentioned mixing (catalyst component being newly added is catalyzed for former decompose with the catalyst component being newly added for former decomposition catalyst in liquid or mixture Agent composition or raw catelyst composition or former decomposition catalyst composition and raw catelyst composition) catalyst that collectively forms is as in situ (the raw catelyst composition of addition is main catalyst component or co-catalyst composition or main catalyst component to the catalyst of controlled syntheses With co-catalyst composition).Carry out individual decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process or step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition object original position controlled syntheses The object of hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step in process, or decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process or anabolic process during being combined is in situ Controlled syntheses process converts the subject components such as decomposition product some or all of in the mixed liquor to and is easier to separate with mixed liquor Derivative.The derivative of controlled syntheses in situ is double soluble derivatives or solid-state derivative or the liquid with mixed liquor layering The derivative of 1 class or 2 classes or whole 3 classes in derivative, is easier to separate with mixed liquor.Then derivative separation process is carried out to obtain To the derivative product of decomposition product, it is difficult to the subject components such as decomposition product separated with mixed liquor in a manner of its derivative with mix Liquid realizes separation by conventional more mature separation method, solves decomposition product and asks with what mixed liquor was difficult to be separated with conventional method Topic.Isolated derivative product or as target product, or as the raw material of subsequent deep processing, or carry out partial regeneration mistake Journey obtains partial regeneration derivative target product, or obtains the regeneration decomposition product product of regenerative recovery by complete regenerative process. Separate derivative product or regenerate decomposition product product after containing a kind or 2 in the working medium such as catalyst, solvent, synthetics, distintegrant The various mixed liquors (solution before recycling) of kind or more or whole working medium are carried out by recycling facility processing or handling Be converted into circulation solution after separation or subtractive process, reach recyclable condition, conveying return former use process or its He recycles in technical process realization.

Decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process or derivative separation process or derivates regeneration process are disposably completed Process or process for layered mode step by step.

Decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process or derivative separation process or derivates regeneration process are the mistake individually carried out Journey or process to be carried out in anabolic process.

The process unit system of more structural body lighting processing is made of apparatus system and process system.

There are two the effects or meaning of aspect for the controlled syntheses process in situ tool of decomposition product.Due to be in mixed liquor directly Controlled syntheses in situ are carried out, former decomposition catalyst is controlled syntheses catalyst in situ again, i.e., controlled syntheses process in situ is changed without Catalyst type is changed without catalyst main ingredient.Controlled syntheses in situ not only convert the subject components such as decomposition product to and are easier to The derivative separated with mixed liquor, for derivative separation create conditions, also for separation derivative after mixed liquor in catalyst, Recycling for the working medium such as solvent creates condition, because controlled syntheses catalyst in situ is also decomposition catalyst, mixed liquor can Directly to return, decomposable process is recycled or formulated realize for return decomposable process after suitable composition recycles.

Not only the separation problem of polysaccharide, the decomposition product of biomass and other more structural bodies and mixed liquor can be determined in situ It the processes such as separates to synthetic method and derivative and combines the process system constituted and solve, various organic synthesis products and mixed liquor are difficult The problem of to be directly separated, can be solved with same procedure or principle.The target product composition in mixed liquor is passed through Controlled syntheses reaction process in situ is converted into the derivative for being easier to separate with mixed liquor, as long as derivative synthesis process and product are raw At the catalyst or combination catalyst of process be identical or the generation catalyst of derivative synthetic catalyst and target product composition can To collectively reside in mixed liquor.Then the derivates regeneration isolated is restored to the product that former synthesis process generates.Separation The mixed liquor of derivative can recycle out.In other words, the decomposition product of the either raw material of the subject component in mixed liquor, also It is the synthetic product of raw material, can be converted the product in mixed liquor to by controlled syntheses process in situ and be easier to and mixed liquor Isolated derivative solves separation problem.

About anabolic process, the synchronous water that is carried out in polysaccharide or biomass by hydrolyzation as the aforementioned and the combined reactor of esterification Solve 2 kinds of the hydrolysis carried out synchronous with the anabolic process of 2 kinds of chemical processes of esterification, reaction and separator and esterification and extraction The anabolic process of chemical process and a kind of physical process is two kinds of anabolic processes during above-mentioned multiple combinations.

Above-mentioned reaction anabolic process is reacted and 2 separated in anabolic process or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) Technical process is the sync process carried out simultaneously or in turn sequentially carries out the successively anabolic process of each process, or is synchronization With the hybrid combining process of hybrid mode successively.Sync process is 2 carried out simultaneously in the same equipment or facility A or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) processes anabolic process.Successively anabolic process is the combination carried out in the same equipment Process, or the anabolic process successively to be carried out in 2 or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) equipment.

Anabolic process be by 2 or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) physical processes (such as it is various separation, composition allotment, Heating or the processes such as cooling, pressure regulation) or chemical process (such as various reaction process) or physics the group of composition is combined with chemical process Conjunction process, anabolic process include 2 or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) reaction process or separation processes or react and separate The anabolic process that the combination of process is constituted；Anabolic process be the method for synchronization or successively mode or synchronization and hybrid mode successively into The anabolic process of capable 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more (i.e. at least two kinds of) processes；Sync process is in the same equipment or to set In applying at the same carry out 2 or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) technical process anabolic process；Successively anabolic process be The anabolic process of 2 or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) technical process that same equipment carries out, or for successively at 2 or The combination of 2 or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) technical process carried out in 3 or more (i.e. at least two) equipment Journey.Technical process in anabolic process is the technical process that 1 property is completed, or is 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) The process for the layered mode step by step completed.

Separate processes are the single technical process for individually carrying out or carrying out respectively independently of other processes.

Technical process or process are separate processes or anabolic process.

Above-mentioned separate processes, anabolic process, combine the process system of the process unit system of composition.It is above-mentioned for implementing Each equipment or facility corresponding to each separate processes or anabolic process of process system, combination constitute process unit system Apparatus system.In other words, each separate processes or anabolic process carried out in the equipment of apparatus system or facility, combination constitute work The process system of process and equipment system.

Delaminating process is the independent mistake that 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) are carried out under the conditions of same process step by step Technical process in journey or anabolic process, or (such as to change temperature, pressure, acidity or alkalinity gradually under different technology conditions Or the conditions such as pH value, electromagnetic field intensity, ultrasonic intensity etc., extractant type, solvent composition, synthetics type) carry out 2 times or Technical process in 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) separate processes or anabolic process, including making in more structural body materials Different structure composition or component are decomposed effect or reaction, or component or composition different in mixed liquor is made to have an effect or instead It answers, or makes the composition or component of decomposition product or controlled syntheses product in situ or derivates regeneration product different in mixed liquor Gradually or in a manner of layering to realize separation.

About delaminating process step by step, biomass is such as separated into the mistake of dissolution composition, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin Journey.The composition for having part that can dissolve in water or alcohols equal solvent in biomass, can be leached respectively with different solvents Or heating leaching, realize the separation for the dissolution composition being layered step by step.After dissolving composition in separating biomass, half fiber can be carried out respectively The separation of dimension element, cellulose, remaining as lignin composition.Realize point of the layered mode step by step of several main ingredient in biomass From process.Hemicellulose, cellulose, the lignin isolated can still continue the separation being layered step by step to each composition Or it decomposes.

Process system is combined with apparatus system, constitutes process unit system.The technique dress of i.e. more structural body lighting processing It sets system and is combined by process system and apparatus system and constituted.

About the mode of communicating between equipment or facility in apparatus system and the equipment or facility of its upstream and downstream, processing or The equipment or facility for the treatment of fluid (liquid, gas) material, are connected to and are held in the mouth with conveying equipment for fluid substances by pipeline or pipeline It connects.Conveying equipment for fluid substances includes pump, compressor, blower etc..It is related to processing or handling the equipment or facility of solid material, uses solid-state Material transfer equipment or solid material conveying equipment are connected to and are connected with channel.Solid material conveying equipment includes that belt is defeated Send machine, screw rod conveyor, jigging conveyer, wind model equipment etc..

The implementation process or mode of process system are the apparatus system implementing process system using above-mentioned process unit system The technical process in separate processes or anabolic process some or all of in system, processing or processing polysaccharide biomass or other More structural body materials make the biomass of heavy or other more structural body materials realize lightings, obtain lighting decomposition product or The derivative product of decomposition product.

The embodiment of process system includes: process unit system for utilizing pretreatment when processing more structural body materials Facility is layered completion mode in a manner of disposably completing or step by step or disposably completes mode with the mixing being layered step by step, to biology Matter or other more structural body materials are crushed, are cleaned, being dried, pre-reaction, pre- some or all of during pre-separation etc. Treatment process makes more structural body materials have the form for being suitable for carrying out following process process processes such as () decomposing, size, interior The properties such as portion's structure.Then pretreated more structural body materials Yu Changwen or other preference temperatures in decomposition reactor will be completed Lower progress decomposable process (such as biomass acid hydrolysis process), is decomposed into the process disposably completed or is the 2 of layered mode step by step Secondary or 3 times or more the processes completed, generate decomposition of the mixture after completing decomposable process.Then with solid-liquid separator decomposition Solid slag product in mixture is separated with liquid decomposition product, the liquid that will be layered with decomposition mixed liquor with stratified liquid separator Decomposition product separation obtains decomposing mixed liquor.With double soluble constituent separators separate decompose mixed liquor in double dissolubility decomposition products at Part, the low boiling point decomposition product composition decomposed in mixed liquor is separated with low boiling point component separator, obtains purifying mixed liquor.With mixing Composition (type and concentration including composition) in liquid composition tuner modulation purifying mixed liquor obtains being suitable for orientation conjunction in situ At modulation mixed liquor.The modulation mixed liquor to be formed or purifying mixed liquor are processed with more structural body lightings or are decomposed in mixed liquor Former decomposition catalyst as controlled syntheses catalyst in situ, or with the catalyst that is newly added for controlled syntheses catalyst in situ, Or it is urged with former decomposition catalyst with former decompose in addition newly being added in decomposition mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or modulation mixed liquor Agent composition or raw catelyst (major catalyst or co-catalyst or major catalyst and co-catalyst) composition or former decomposition catalyst Catalyst of the catalyst that composition and raw catelyst composition collectively form as controlled syntheses in situ, with controlled syntheses in situ reaction Mode in situ in modulation mixed liquor in device or in purifying mixed liquor or in decomposition mixed liquor carries out the catalysis and in situ of decomposition product Controlled syntheses reaction process or non-catalytic controlled syntheses reaction process in situ, mode in situ directionally will modulation mixed liquor or purifying Decomposition product some or all of in mixed liquor or decomposition mixed liquor is converted into spreading out for the decomposition product for being easier to separate with mixed liquor Biology obtains synthesis mixed liquor.Catalyst is acidic catalyst or basic catalyst or neutral catalyst.The derivative of generation is Double soluble derivatives, solid-state derivative, the derivative with type some or all of in the liquid derivative of synthesis mixed liquor layering Object.Then solid-state derivative is separated with solid-liquid separator, separates the liquid with synthesis mixed liquor layering with stratified liquid separator Derivative；With double soluble constituent separators, layered mode separation synthesizes double dissolubilities in mixed liquor in a manner of disposably completing or step by step Derivative.Decomposition product is separated in a manner of its derivative with synthesis mixed liquor realization, is solved decomposition product indirectly and is decomposed mixed It closes liquid and is difficult to the problem of being separated with conventional method.After derivative is separated, or as derivative target product, or as into one The raw material of deep processing is walked, or carries out derivates regeneration process or layered regeneration process step by step in regeneration reactor, by derivative Partial regeneration be partial regeneration derivative or complete regenerative recovery be decomposition product regeneration decomposition product product (as regeneration hydrolysis sugar or Regeneration sugar).Mixed liquor after synthesis mixed liquor separation derivative is mixed liquor before the circulation for synthesizing mixed liquor, is mixed before the circulation Liquid contains controlled syntheses catalyst (including former decomposition catalyst), solvent, synthetics or other working medium compositions in situ.Various circulations Preceding mixed liquor is processed or is handled in recycling facility, and separation or imurity-removal reach recyclable condition, is turned Recycled circulation solution is turned to, conveying circulation solution returns to former use process or other processes are recycled, A part of circulation solution is such as returned to former use process to recycle, another part circulation solution returns to preprocessing process and is used for More structural body raw materials such as preprocessing biomass, realize the utilization again of circulation solution.Circulation solution is the mixed liquor containing catalyst, It or is the solution containing the working medium in solvent, distintegrant, synthetics, regenerative agent, pretreating agent, extractant or other working medium.

The mode of technical process in above-mentioned implementing process system, the technical process of progress are all separate processes.Technique In the embodiment of system, part separate processes may be constructed anabolic process and be implemented, and replace structure by implementing anabolic process At the implementation of 2 of the anabolic process or 3 or more separate processes.I.e. anabolic process may be implemented to constitute the combination The repertoire of 2 of journey or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) separate processes or effect.

The process of the process system is the process or the process for being layered completion step by step that 1 property is completed；The process system Anabolic process be the synchronous anabolic process for carrying out each process or the anabolic process for successively carrying out each process.

As above-mentioned, more structural bodies include the more structural bodies of polysaccharide, high molecular waste material, lignin, lignite, biomass or its grain Slag etc..

The process carried out in process system implementation is separate processes or anabolic process or separate processes and anabolic process.As above The process carried out in the implementation process for the process system stated is all separate processes, anabolic process can also be implemented in process system During carry out.

The anabolic process carried out in process system implementation process be decompose with the composite reaction process of controlled syntheses in situ, by Stage layered decomposes the composite reaction mistake for the composite reaction process of controlled syntheses in situ, decomposing and being layered step by step controlled syntheses in situ Journey, derivative separation and the reaction of controlled syntheses in situ and separate that anabolic process, layering derivative separates and original position orientation step by step The reaction of synthesis with separate anabolic process, derivative is separated and was combined with the reaction of layering original position controlled syntheses step by step with separating The reaction that journey, decomposition are separated with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative with separate anabolic process, step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition and orientation in situ The reaction and separate anabolic process, decompose and be layered what controlled syntheses in situ were separated with derivative step by step that synthesis and derivative separate React with separate anabolic process, decomposition and controlled syntheses in situ be layered step by step reaction that derivative separates with separate anabolic process Etc. anabolic process some or all of in anabolic processes.

The technical process carried out in process system implementation is the process disposably completed, or is 2 times or 3 times or more times The delaminating process step by step of (i.e. at least 2 times) completions；The process disposably completed is the process in separate processes or anabolic process；By Stage layered process is the delaminating process step by step of separate processes transformation or is the delaminating process step by step carried out in anabolic process.

The delaminating process step by step carried out in process system implementation is layer preprocessing process, step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition mistake step by step Journey is layered double soluble constituent separation processes step by step, is layered the separation process of low boiling point composition step by step, is layered controlled syntheses in situ step by step Process, step by step be layered derivative separation process, step by step be layered derivates regeneration during some or all of be layered step by step Journey.

It is to play to decompose more structural bodies under room temperature or other preference temperatures first by apparatus system implementing process system The advantage of material, and solve decomposition product and decompose mixed liquor to be difficult to separation problem, it also realizes more structural body materials and decomposes Lighting and obtain target synthetic product or regeneration product, while realizing the circulation benefit of the working medium such as catalyst, solvent, synthetics With.

About controlled syntheses process in situ, such as the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis occasion of biomass polysaccharides, biomass polysaccharides hydrolysis is generated The esterification process of the process of hydrolysis sugar, hydrolysis sugar, is all the process that can be carried out under acid catalysis, is hydrolysis sugar in water Mode in situ carries out controlled syntheses in situ and has established theoretical basis in solution mixed liquor.After biomass polysaccharides hydrolysis or hydrolyzed Cheng Zhong, hydrolysis sugar can in mixed liquor in situ using former decomposition catalyst as controlled syntheses catalyst in situ, be converted into compared with The sugar derivatives such as the sugar ester, the sugar ether that are easily separated with mixed liquor.

In addition to biomass decomposition product, the synthesis process of the decomposable process of structural body substance, decomposition product more than many kinds, all It can be carried out under the catalytic action of same class catalyst (such as acid), be the progress and decomposition of the catalytic decomposition process in mixed liquor Product carries out controlled syntheses process in situ and provides possibility or established theoretical basis, such as polyamide-based macromolecule, cellulose Fiber, polyester-based polymer, polyurethane class high molecular, protein, more structural body materials such as main ingredient in poor slag.Therefore, The decomposition product of the lighting process of a variety of more structural body materials is difficult to the problem of directly separating with mixed liquor, can using with The same or similar controlled syntheses principle in situ of above-mentioned biomass polysaccharides, carries out decomposition product by way of the original position in mixed liquor Controlled syntheses process in situ, former decomposition catalyst convert decomposition product to and are easier to and mix as controlled syntheses catalyst in situ The derivative of liquid separation, solves the separation problem of decomposition product.Solve the derivative of decomposition product and the separation problem of mixed liquor, Recycle having established theoretical basis with regard to returning to former decomposable process for working medium such as acid, solvents in mixed liquor.

It is regenerated about sugared ester hydrolysis, sugared ester hydrolysis may be the process carried out under acid catalysis, can also be Base catalysis regenerative process, regenerative recovery are hydrolysis sugar.

It is all that can make in acid catalysis due to the decomposition of biomass polysaccharides, controlled syntheses in situ and hydrolysis sugar regenerative process With the lower process carried out, acid catalyzed correlated response process, separation process to be carried out process combination and recycling for acid is established Theoretical basis is determined, can especially combine acid catalyzed hydrolytic process with the controlled syntheses process in situ such as acid catalyzed esterification Get up, by the controlled syntheses process in situ carried out in mixed liquor, acid is both hydrolyst and controlled syntheses in situ are urged Agent converts hydrolysis sugar in the derivatives such as the sugar ester for being easier to separate with mixed liquor, for solve hydrolysis sugar be difficult to directly with mix The problem of liquid separates has established theoretical basis.Above-mentioned hydrolysis sugar is to realize to separate with mixed liquor in the form of its ester.

The acid catalyzed esterification process of hydrolysis sugar and the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis regenerative recovery process of sugar ester are reciprocal process, are sugar ester Regeneration or be restored to hydrolysis sugar and established theoretical basis.There are many reciprocal processes, including esterification and hydrolysis, etherificate and water Solution, acetalation and hydrolysis, ketalization and hydrolysis, coupling and hydrolysis, the hydrocarbylation of N and hydrolysis, acylation and hydrolysis, addition or substitution With eliminate etc. reciprocal processes.It is that decomposition product is established for the decomposition of structural body material more than many kinds, controlled syntheses in situ, regenerative recovery Theoretical basis.

Therefore, the chemical reaction property of above-mentioned various more structural body decomposition products is the combination of upstream and downstream process, including point The working medium such as solution, controlled syntheses in situ, the derivates regeneration of decomposition product or recovery, catalysts and solvents recycle etc., Theoretical basis is established.And each technical process is mature chemistry and chemical engineering process, has its corresponding mature equipment, is The combination of upstream and downstream associated procedure and the combination of functions of the equipments are laid a good foundation.

In acid hydrolysis of biomass polysaccharide component, acid intensity increases or temperature rises, and hydrolysis is accelerated, but temperature is greater than about 150 DEG C, the decomposition of 5 carbon sugar or structural degeneration speed are obviously accelerated；Temperature is greater than about 230 DEG C, the decomposition of 6 carbon sugar or structural degeneration Speed is obviously accelerated.Under room temperature or other preference temperatures, acid hydrolysis of biomass polysaccharide is advantageous to sugar is produced, the yield of hydrolysis sugar, dense Degree, purity, conversion ratio are all higher.Under alkaline condition, greater than about 120 DEG C, the significant reactions such as hemicellulose peeling decomposition are accelerated；It is high In about 160 DEG C, the significant reactions such as cellulose peeling decomposition are accelerated.The sour water solution of protein generates polypeptide or amino acids etc.. The basic hydrolysis of lignin generates the multi-products such as phenols, metal carboxylate, alcohols.Oxygen element ehter bond is relatively more steady under general condition It is fixed, in stronger acids or compared under highly basic and heating condition, ether bond rupture or decomposition.Thioether bond is easier to decompose or be broken than oxygen-ether linkage. Using polar substances as distintegrant, such as water, acid or acid anhydrides (such as acetic anhydride, CO₂), alkali or basic anhydride (such as NH₃) etc., it can decompose biomass And other many kinds of substance.Using nonpolarity or low pole substance as distintegrant, such as alcohols, aldehydes, it also can decompose many kinds of substance.Root According to the needs of feedstock property, target product or technical process, suitable decomposition condition is set, control or using biomass or other The decomposition reaction or lighting reaction of more structural body substances under various conditions.

More structural bodies are the substance for containing 2 sections or 3 sections or more segments in molecular structure, and each segment structure segment is phase Same or different structure, such as macromolecule or polymer molecule or cellulosic molecule；Or more structural bodies are containing 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more The substance of kind structural component, such as contain hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin structural component in biomass；Or more structural bodies are Containing 2 sections or 3 sections or more segments and containing the more structural bodies of mixed type of 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more different structure components.

In addition to biomass, there are also various other more structural body substances, such as multiple biomass in light industry and agricultural field add The a large amount of solid slag of industrial and commercial bank's industry by-product loses the mineral such as slag, lignite and peat, polyesters and polyamide-based and polyurethanes and fibre Plain class and polyformaldehyde and polycarbonate and a variety of macromolecules or the polymer waste such as polyethers and carbon-carbon bond structure class are tieed up, all may be used It is decomposed or lighting.Suitable distintegrant can be selected according to feedstock property, target product or technical process needs, setting is suitable Suitable decomposition condition, control or decomposition or lighting reaction using more structural body substances under various conditions.Pass through decomposition and original The process system of the position processes such as controlled syntheses and derivates regeneration, can be such that many more structural body high molecular waste materials are regenerated as Monomer or oligomer or intermediate, then recycling are such as re-used for production original copolymer or other macromolecule products, A large amount of high molecular waste materials realization that nature is difficult to degrade or clear up continuously is recycled.Not only solve high score The problems such as environmental protection of sub- waste, and the money that a large amount of high molecular waste materials are transformed into higher-value, can constantly be recycled Source.

More structural body materials include biomass, biomass grain slag, biomass polysaccharides (such as cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, Chitin, natural plant gum, microbial polysaccharide, levulan, algal polysaccharides etc.), protein, lignin, lignite, lignin waste, Cellulose family macromolecule waste, waste polyester sort materials, polyurethanes waste, polyamide-based waste, polyethers waste, 1 kind in the materials such as polycarbonate waste, polyformaldehyde waste or two or more or all categories material；Wherein, biological Matter, biomass grain slag, biomass polysaccharides, cellulose family macromolecule waste are more structural body materials containing polysaccharide, i.e. polysaccharide is more Structural body.

More structural body materials such as biomass decompose or step by step before hierarchicabstract decomposition, need to generally carry out some pretreatments Process is that the technical process such as subsequent decomposition, controlled syntheses in situ create better condition.

Pretreatment or step by step layer preprocessing process carry out in pretreatment facility.

Facility is pre-processed by including solid material stock device, preprocessor, mixed liquor composition tuner, solid-liquid separator etc. Equipment is constituted some or all of in equipment.Preprocessing process is carried out in pretreatment facility, including truncation, crushing, cleaning, dry A variety of physics pretreatment process such as dry, immersion, boiling, pre-reaction, pre-separation or chemical pretreatment process or physics and chemistry Combine preprocessing process.Above-mentioned preprocessing process is all mature process, there is mature equipment.According to the property of material and downstream Decomposable process requirement, select preprocessing process and equipment.Solid material stock up device be by crusher, pulverizer, rinse bath, Equipment is constituted some or all of in the equipment such as purge tank, drying machine, for by various mass transfers be with suitable size and The material of shape, and the processes such as removal of impurities, cleaning, drying for completing material.The upstream of solid material stock device is connected to material storage tank Or feed bin, communicating downstream preprocessor.Solid material enters progress pre-reaction or pre-separation etc. in preprocessor after completing stock Preprocessing process.Preprocessor is the vacuum stirring kettle or heavy of stirred tank or stirred tank or collet heating stirring kettle or collet heating The equipment of device or extractor or the types such as steeping tank or boiling vessel is dropped, or is some or all of these above-mentioned type equipments type The combination preprocessor or combination preseparator of equipment.The preprocessing process such as pre-reaction or pre-separation mainly in preseparator into Row, such as chemical reaction, leaching or extraction, evaporation.Mixed liquor composition tuner is also connected to preprocessor, the mixed liquor composition tune Orchestration is for deploying pretreating agent solution.Pretreating agent solution is by the part in the compositions such as pretreating agent, catalyst, solvent or entirely Portion's composition is constituted.The pretreating agent solution for completing allotment is added in preprocessor, generates to the solid material for completing stock pre- anti- It answers or the Effect of Pretreatment such as pre-separation.The communicating downstream solid-liquid separator of preprocessor is completed pretreated mixture and is entered In solid-liquid separator, the mixed liquor for completing pretreated solid material liquid with pretreatment generates is separated, obtains completing locating in advance The solid material of reason.

The pretreatment facility of 2 or 3 or 3 or more more (i.e. at least two) same or like types sets for parallel connection It sets.The equipment for pre-processing 2 or 3 or 3 or more more (i.e. at least two) same or like types in facility is parallel connection Or it is arranged in series.

It pre-processes the decomposition reactor in facility connection downstream or decomposes and the combined reactor of controlled syntheses in situ or decomposition The reaction separated with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative and separator.It completes pretreated solid material and is then sent to downstream Equipment in carry out decomposable process in decomposable process or anabolic process including decomposable process.In following process, that is, Downstream processing The decomposable process carried out in the process includes the decomposable process disposably completed or the decomposable process of layered mode step by step.

Mixed liquor composition tuner is blend tank or surge-tank or bubble absorption device or spray absorber or sieve plate absorber Or the equipment in the type hybrids liquid composition blending equipment such as packed absorber or float valve absorption tower, or be above-mentioned mixed liquor composition tune With the combined mixed liquor composition tuner that equipment combination is constituted some or all of in equipment, combined mode is identical or not The tandem compound or parallel combination of same mixed liquor composition blending equipment or series connection are combined with mixed type in parallel.Mixed liquor composition Tuner, which is used to deploy each process, needs the composition of various different mixed liquors or solution to be used, in mixed liquor composition tuner It is substantially carried out the processes such as mixing, dissolution, absorption, solvation.Mixed liquor composition allocation process is maturation, there is common maturation Equipment.Mixed liquor composition tuner is connected to liquid material charging (feeding) equipment, solid material charging (feeding) equipment, the portion in gaseous state charging (feeding) equipment Point or armamentarium, liquid material or solid material or Gaseous materials are added in tuner and carry out preparing solution.Gaseous materials It will be typically added in Gas-Liquid Absorption type equipment and deployed.The mixed liquor for completing allotment is added to the equipment used or facility In carry out using or being added to after mixing liquid storage tank (slot) is temporary and carry out using in the equipment used or facility.Mixed liquor at Part allocation process is mature process, and various allocation processes have mature equipment.

Many processes need the use in conjunction with mixed liquor composition tuner, including pretreatment, decomposition, controlled syntheses in situ, The processes such as derivative separation, derivates regeneration.Various process can share the same mixed liquor composition tuner, can also individually set Set the mixed liquor composition tuner that each process internal independently uses.In above-mentioned preprocessing process, mixed liquor composition tuner For deploying the pretreated pretreating agent solution of material.

Pretreating agent solution is by composition structure some or all of in the compositions such as pretreating agent, pre-separation agent, catalyst, solvent At.Suitable pretreating agent or pre-separation agent are selected such as pre-separation or pre-reaction process according to preprocessing process or purpose.In advance Release agent such as soaking agent or leaching agent or extractant etc..The substance that pre-reaction process needs to react with material is as pretreatment Agent and makes raw material puffing, is convenient for decomposable process if biomass material lye removes partial lignin.

Preprocessing process is the group of physics pretreatment process or chemical pretreatment process or physics and chemical pretreatment process Close preprocessing process.Preprocessing process is the process that 1 property is completed, or is 2 times or 3 times or more times (3 times or more) completions Layered mode preprocessing process step by step.Each process of layer preprocessing is identical process step by step, or under different condition Process.The condition of preprocessing process include temperature, pressure, catalyst type, solvent type, with the substance classes of material reaction, Physical treatment mode etc..Material can be preprocessed (disposably or step by step layer preprocessing) and complete whole post-processings afterwards Journey；It is also possible to carry out interim post-processing process after stage pretreatment (disposably or step by step layer preprocessing), returns The pretreatment of depth is carried out to preprocessing process.The anabolic process of stage pretreatment and interim post-processing can carry out more Secondary, stage preprocessing process is all layer preprocessing step by step every time.

As the aforementioned by straw biomass be separated into hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin three Main Components combination Process can individually carry out processing for each component and provide possibility.Individually processed accordingly, with respect to each component and Speech, the anabolic process can be regarded as pre-processing the layered mode step by step of stalk before individually process as each component Process；But for the processing of straw biomass itself, which can be regarded as the layering side step by step to stalk The lighting decomposable process of formula.

Chemical pretreatment process includes the processes such as pre-reaction or predecomposition.Pre-reaction or predecomposition include material and acid Matter or with the interaction of acidic materials and neutral substance, material and alkaline matter or mutual with alkaline matter and neutral substance Effect.

Physics pretreatment process includes cleaning, dry, cutting, broken or crushing, immersion, boiling, leaching, extraction, pre- point From process some or all of during waiting.The purpose of pre-separation includes separating component more segregative in material, is subsequent Processing offer condition is provided respectively, such as by crushing material or after grinding, grease or protein respectively are isolated by come, or will be some Impurity removal.Under normal circumstances, starch, protein, grease, the compositions such as water-soluble point are easier to separate from biomass, can be first The separation of these compositions is carried out, further post-processing then is distinguished to each separated composition out respectively.

Physics pretreatment process constitutes physics and chemical combination is pretreated often with chemical pretreatment process occurs Journey.It is that water or steam or polar neutral solvent or low pole are molten for pretreated working medium if biomass material pre-processes occasion Agent or nonpolar solvent or acidic liquid or sour gas (such as sulfur dioxide) or akaline liquid or alkaline gas (such as ammonia) or Solid etc..The pretreated purpose of biomass includes that amount of grease, protein, solvable composition, lignin etc. are separated or taken off Remove, or by Biomass be more loose microstructure, be conducive to the decomposable processes such as subsequent acid-catalyzed hydrolysis.In biomass The compositions such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, it is difficult to separated by Typical physical mode, with decompose with it is in situ fixed Separation and respectively processing and utilization are carried out to the anabolic process of the processes such as synthesis.

After solid material completes pretreatment, the solid-liquid preconditioned mixture that mixing liquid is mixed with solid material is formed.It needs The separation of solidliquid mixture is carried out, obtains completing pretreated solid material.Therefore, preprocessor is connected to position under normal circumstances In the solid-liquid separator of processing link downstream.

Solid-liquid separator sets for the separation of solid and liquid of filter or settler or the types such as whizzer or cyclone separator Equipment in standby, or be the combined solid-liquid separator that combination is constituted some or all of in the above-mentioned type solid-liquid separating equipment, Combination is that tandem compound or parallel combination or series connection are combined with mixed type in parallel.Solid-liquid separator is used to add various The solid material in solidliquid mixture that work or treatment process are formed is separated with mixed liquor, as generated preprocessing process Solid material in solid-liquid preconditioned mixture is separated with mixed liquor.Conventional solid-liquid is separated into maturation, there is mature equipment. According to the property and feature of solidliquid mixture, suitable solid-liquid separator is selected.If straw biomass pre-processes occasion, selection is normal Rule filter plant may be implemented to be separated by solid-liquid separation.

Solid-liquid separator can be used as the shared solid-liquid separator of multiple processes, and when needed, each process can be separately provided The independent matched solid-liquid separator of this process.Multiple processes are needed using solid-liquid separator, including the processes such as pre-process, decompose.

2 or 3 or 3 or more more (i.e. at least two) is similar or identical used in the same process Equipment or facility (such as solid-liquid separator) are to be arranged in series or be arranged in parallel.

Pre-process solid material and mixed liquor that the solid-liquid separator in facility is used for separation and culture mixture, the solid-liquid The preprocessor or controlled syntheses reactor in situ or decomposition reactor of separator and its upstream processing link decompose and original position The combined reactor of controlled syntheses decomposes the reaction separated with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative and separator or other solid-liquids The production equipment of hybrid process is connected to.Mixed liquor after separation is directly transported into Downstream processing or processing links, or through liquid Downstream processing or processing links are delivered into after storage tank is temporary.Equally, isolated solid material delivers into point in downstream Decomposable process in the anabolic process in solution preocess or downstream (can also deliver into Downstream processing ring after solid material storage tank is temporary Section).

The solid-liquid separator of preprocessing process is connected to the preprocessor of its upstream, also with downstream decomposition reactor or Decompose the reaction separated with the combined reactor of controlled syntheses in situ or decomposition with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative and separator It interconnects and is connected.

The pretreated mixed liquor that the solid-liquid separator of preprocessing process is isolated is directly transported into subsequent processes, Or be transported in Pretreatment Mixed Liauid storage tank (slot) keep in after enter subsequent processes.

Above-mentioned completion pretreatment or the step by step solid material of layer preprocessing process, directly transport into or through solid It is transported to the combined reactor of decomposition reactor or decomposition and controlled syntheses in situ after material storage tank is temporary or decomposes and is oriented with original position Decomposable process or step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition process are carried out in the reaction and separator of synthesis and derivative separation.

Decomposable process is decomposed for more structural body structures of macromolecular and is changed into the lighting process compared with small molecule, including The hydrolysis or cracking or division or degradation or dissociation of macromolecular or dissociation or the modes lighting process such as cracking or fracture or cracking, It is decomposed into the reaction such as hydrolysis or cracking or division or degradation or dissociation or dissociation or cracking or fracture or cracking.Biomass etc. is more Structural body material is decomposed into the chemical process of lighting, by the macromolecular or supramolecular of more structural body substances such as biomass Component is converted into small molecule or small molecular product.More structural body substances such as biomass, which react under catalytic action with distintegrant, leads It causes to decompose (such as acid-catalyzed hydrolysis), or react under physical strengthening effect with distintegrant and lead to decomposition (such as hydrothermal decomposition), or be It itself is decomposed under physical strengthening effect (as thermally decomposed).Decomposable process generates liquid, gaseous state or solid slag product.More knots For structure body containing being decomposed in detergent solution decomposition, decomposition product is generally liquid product and solid slag product.Liquid decomposition product packet It includes and decomposes and produce with liquid decomposition product, double soluble liquid decomposition products, polarity (as the water-soluble) liquid for decomposing mixed liquor layering Object, nonpolar solvent or low pole liquid decomposition product (such as oil-soluble liquid product).Biomass polysaccharides, protein, grease, wood Quality etc. can be decomposed by acid or basecatalyzed decomposition or directly, such as acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, alkali peeling reaction, the lignin of polysaccharide Caustic digestion etc..It is hydrolyzed under catalytic action or under heating condition, more structural body material reactions such as water and biomass make biomass It is decomposed etc. more structural body materials, if polysaccharide hydrolysis is monosaccharide or oligosaccharide.Hydrolysis can be catalyzing hydrolysis process, be also possible to object Hydrolytic process (such as heat or electromagnetic wave invigoration effect) is managed under invigoration effect.

Decomposition reactor is that screw extruding disassembler or heating spiral rod squeeze disassembler or stirred tank or stirred tank or collet Heated type stirred tank or collet heated type are stirred under vacuum the reactor of kettle or the types such as evaporator or settler, or are above-mentioned decomposition The combination decomposition reactor that type combination is constituted some or all of in type of reactor.Decomposition reactor is mainly used for decomposing each Kind solid material completes pretreated solid material, and solid material carries out decomposable process in decomposition reactor.Biomass etc. The decomposition of a variety of more structural body materials is maturation, there is mature decomposition reactor equipment, such as above-mentioned various decomposition reactions Device equipment.It completes pretreated solid material and is transported in decomposition reactor to carry out decomposable process.The decomposition that 1 property is completed The hierarchicabstract decomposition process step by step that journey or 2 times or 3 times or more time are completed, can carry out in decomposition reactor.Mixed liquor Decomposition reactor is decomposed in the connection of composition tuner, and the mixed liquor composition tuner is for deploying detergent solution decomposition.Detergent solution decomposition It is made of composition some or all of in the compositions such as distintegrant, catalyst, solvent.Detergent solution decomposition after completing allotment is also added To among decomposition reactor, the lighting process that makes more structural body materials decompose.It completes after decomposing, generally forms solid-state point Solve the decomposition of the mixture of product (such as solid slag) and liquid decomposition product.

2 or 3 or 3 or more more (i.e. at least two) are similar or identical decomposition reactor is to be arranged in series Or it is arranged in parallel.

The separation equipment of the upstream connection preconditioned mixture of decomposition reactor, generally solid-liquid separator, will complete pre- The solid material of processing is separated with pretreating agent solution.

Decomposition reactor is generally connected to solid-liquid separator downstream, the decomposition of the mixture generated in decomposition reactor Separated in the separation equipments such as the solid-liquid separator into decomposition reactor downstream, isolate various liquid decomposition product and Solid slag.The decomposition of the mixture separation equipment of decomposition reactor communicating downstream includes solid-liquid separator, stratified liquid separator, double Equipment some or all of in soluble constituent separator, low boiling point component separator.

Decomposition of the mixture is separated solid-state decomposition product with liquid decomposition product with solid-liquid separator.

Liquid decomposition product stratified liquid separator, low boiling point component separator, the portion in double soluble constituent separators Divide or armamentarium is separated.

Stratified liquid separator is used to separate to decompose in liquid decomposition product with the layering liquid for decomposing mixed liquor layering and produce Object (including the layering liquid product entered in solvent phase).After liquid decomposition product separation layering liquid decomposition product, divided Solve mixed liquor.

It decomposes mixed liquor and separates double dissolubility decomposition products therein with double soluble constituent separators, separated with low boiling point composition Device separates the decomposition product of low boiling point composition therein, and decomposing mixed liquor becomes purifying mixed liquor.

Purify in mixed liquor mainly include strong deliquescent decomposition product, decomposition catalyst, distintegrant, solvent etc. at Part.Also it just because of being difficult to be separated strong dissolubility decomposition product with mixed liquor with conventional method, results in above-mentioned a variety of The appearance of problem.General strong dissolubility decomposition product is the main decomposition object that more structural body material lightings are decomposed, such as biology The hydrolysis sugar that the acid hydrolysis of matter sugar generates, is all strong dissolved matter soluble easily in water.

If purifying mixed liquor composition is suitable for carrying out controlled syntheses process in situ, it is anti-to be fed directly to controlled syntheses in situ It answers and carries out controlled syntheses process in situ in device；If purifying mixed liquor composition is not suitable for controlled syntheses process in situ, purifying is mixed It closes liquid and is allocated as the modulation mixed liquor that composition is suitable for controlled syntheses in situ with mixed liquor tuner.Then it is defeated mixed liquor will to be modulated It is sent in controlled syntheses reactor in situ and carries out controlled syntheses process in situ.

Decomposable process is the technical process that 1 property is completed, or is more times (i.e. at least the 2 of 2 times or 3 times or 3 times or more It is secondary) complete layered mode step by step decomposable process.Each process of hierarchicabstract decomposition is the process carried out under the same terms step by step, Or the process to be carried out under different condition.The influence condition of decomposable process include temperature, pressure, catalyst type, solvent type, With the distintegrant type of material reaction, physical mode of action etc..Material can be and decomposed (disposably or step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition) Whole post-processing processes is completed afterwards；It is also possible to carry out after stage decomposes (disposably or step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition) interim Post-processing process then returnes to the decomposition that decomposable process carries out depth.Stage is decomposed and the combination of interim post-processing Journey can carry out repeatedly, and stage decomposable process is all the decomposition of layered mode step by step every time.

Biomass acid-catalyzed hydrolysis occasion, the hydrolysis completed for the hydrolysis of 1 property completion or 2 times or more time.For acid The acidic materials catalyst of catalyzing hydrolysis for inorganic acid or mixes inorganic acid or organic acid or mixed organic acid or inorganic acid and has The mixed acid of machine acid is Bronsted acid or lewis acid, is liquid acidic material or gaseous acidic material or solid acid material, is Organic acid anhydride or inorganic acid anhydrides；Or the combination catalyst for acidic catalyst and neutral catalyst；It or is acidic catalyst in Property catalyst and the combination catalyst compared with alkalescent catalyst.

Biomass sugar is mainly 5 carbon sugar and 6 carbon sugar etc..The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of hemicellulose carries out at normal temperature or temperature It should control and carry out acid-catalyzed hydrolysis within 140 DEG C；More than 140~150 DEG C, the structural degeneration and decomposed metamorphic speed of 5 carbon sugar It is obvious to accelerate.The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose carries out at normal temperature or temperature should control the acid catalysis water within 220~230 DEG C Solution；More than about 220~230 DEG C, the structural degeneration and decomposed metamorphic speed of 6 carbon sugar are obviously accelerated.Under room temperature, 70%~80% Sulfuric acid can preferably hydrolyze biomass polysaccharides.Sulfuric acid concentration is excessively high, the dehydration denaturation of Yi Yinqi glycan molecule；Sulfuric acid concentration mistake Low, hydrolysis is slow.The concentration of sulfuric acid is generally can be controlled within 80% in hydrolysis mixture.Similarly, the concentration of phosphoric acid is generally controllable Within 90%, hydrogen cloride concentration is generally can be controlled within 40% system.Can be used for hydrolyze other acidic catalysts include Sulfurous acid, nitrous acid, acetic acid, acetic anhydride etc..After the completion of biomass polysaccharides hydrolysis, lignin is enriched with, actually also just real The separation of lignin Yu cellulose and hemicellulose is showed.Biomass sugar hydrolysate is monosaccharide or oligosaccharide or more compared with short chain Sugar.

Each component or composition in more structural body materials such as biomass, biomass grain slag, lignite, high molecular waste material It is different to decompose difficulty or ease.In high molecular waste material, the materials such as polyesters, polyamide-based, cellulose family, polyethers, polyurethanes, Under acid condition or under alkaline condition, the decomposition difficulty or ease of different paradigmatic structures are different.In acid condition, the half fiber in biomass Dimension element is more difficult compared with facile hydrolysis, cellulose hydrolysis；Lignin is difficult to hydrolyze under general acid condition, in strong acid and heating Under the conditions of, lignin can also hydrolyze.Different more structural body materials or a kind of different components in more structural body materials or The decomposition difficulty or ease of component are different, and theoretical basis has been established in the decomposition for the layered mode step by step of more structural body materials.

Decomposable process is distintegrant decomposable process or physical strengthening decomposable process, or strong for distintegrant decomposable process and physics Change the combination decomposable process of decomposable process.Distintegrant decomposable process or physical strengthening decomposable process are the decomposition that 1 property is completed Journey, or it is layered the decomposable process of completion step by step for (i.e. at least 2 times) more times of 2 times or 3 times or 3 times or more.Combination was decomposed Journey successively carries out the anabolic process of distintegrant decomposition and physical strengthening decomposable process for successively difference, or is alternately distintegrant The anabolic process with physical strengthening decomposable process is decomposed, or is the synchronous group for carrying out distintegrant decomposition and physical strengthening decomposable process Conjunction process, or the hybrid combining decomposable process for some or all of said combination decomposable process type type.

Successively in anabolic process, carry out first 1 time or 2 times or more time a kind of technical process (such as distintegrant decompose or Physical strengthening decomposes) after, then carry out 1 time or 2 times or more secondary another technical process (such as physical strengthening decomposition or decomposition Agent is decomposed).Above-mentioned is the anabolic process successively successively carried out respectively of two kinds of processes, for 3 kinds or more (3 kinds or more) The successively anabolic process of process, is combined in an identical manner.

During alternate combinations, carry out first 1 time or 2 times or more time a kind of technical process (such as distintegrant decompose or Physical strengthening decomposes) after, then carry out 1 time or 2 times or another technical process that this is multiple (such as physical strengthening is decomposed or is decomposed Agent is decomposed), constitute a wheel of alternate combinations process；Then repeat both processes of 1 wheel or 2 wheels or more wheel.It is above-mentioned For the alternate combinations process of two kinds of processes, for the alternate combinations process of 3 kinds or 3 kinds or more of process, group in an identical manner It closes.

Successively anabolic process or alternate combinations process are used for specific each class process, may make up corresponding layered mode step by step Process such as hierarchicabstract decomposition process or layered regeneration process or is layered controlled syntheses process in situ step by step or is layered step by step step by step step by step Preprocessing process or step by step layering extraction etc..

Hierarchicabstract decomposition process is step by step, by changing the condition such as temperature or Acidity of decomposable process step by step, or changes Catalyst type obtains each component decomposition product in raw material, or even can, it can be achieved that the separation that the raw material that is decomposed is layered step by step To obtain the decomposition product of the different structure of same component.Such as biomass decomposition, can by take different decomposition catalyst or Change decomposable process condition (such as adjustment temperature, Acidity) step by step, hierarchically obtains hemicellulose, cellulose, wooden step by step The decomposition product of the components such as element, protein, starch.The for another example decomposition of high molecular waste material, acid can be easier to decompose a part of more Structural body, alkali can be easier to decompose the more structural bodies of other；For the key or structure of the more difficult decomposition in more structural bodies, including Carbon-carbon bond structure, silicon oxygen bond structure, oxygen element ehter bond etc., general chemical reagent is more difficult to make its decomposition, available oxidant or strong oxygen Agent carries out the decomposition of mode of oxidizing or catalysis oxidation mode or partial oxidation mode.

Hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step in several ways is equivalent to and carries out various ways to raw material in a manner of hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step Separation, respectively obtain the decomposition product of Multicomponent or various structures in raw material.

Decomposable process is the disposable distintegrant decomposition for completing decomposition or physical strengthening decomposable process (non-layer-stepping two step by step Secondary or more decomposable process), or point disposably completed with the anabolic process of physical strengthening decomposition is decomposed for distintegrant Solution preocess.Or decomposable process be above-mentioned distintegrant decomposable process or physical strengthening decomposable process by successively successively in a manner of carry out 2 Secondary or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) completions decomposable process, or be with above-mentioned distintegrant decomposable process or physical decomposition mistake The decomposable processes for 3 times or more times (the i.e. at least 2 times) completions that journey is carried out with alternating or interleaved mode.Or more than decomposable process is The decomposable process of the layer-stepping step by step for 2 times or more times (the i.e. at least 2 times) completions that a kind of mode in isolation carries out is stated, The severity of such as each decomposition condition (such as temperature or acid intensity condition) successively improves, and makes the materials such as biomass to divide step by step The mode for the product that layer decomposes realizes the separation of different components；Or in a manner of two or more in above-mentioned isolation into The decomposable process of the layer-stepping step by step of 2 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) capable completions, by changing isolation or decomposing The Parameter Conditions of journey change decomposition reaction or change the severity of each decomposition condition successively, and degree of decomposition is continuously improved, The separation of raw material difference component is realized in a manner of the product of hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step.Or decomposable process is to decompose to close with orientation in situ At the decomposable process in the anabolic process separated with derivative, or to decompose and the decomposition in the anabolic process of controlled syntheses in situ Hierarchicabstract decomposition mistake step by step in process, or the anabolic process that is separated for hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative Journey, or be the hierarchicabstract decomposition process step by step in the anabolic process of hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step and controlled syntheses in situ.

The decomposable process disposably completed is often to carry out relatively complete or deeper degree decomposable process.Hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step The different components of material or the decomposition product of composition can be successively obtained, stops each or every grade of decomposition by controlling decomposition condition In suitable degree of decomposition, the different components of material or the hierarchicabstract decomposition of composition are realized.The hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step of polysaccharide, part Oligosaccharide is produced when decomposition or compared with short chain polysaccharides；It decomposes completely and then generates monosaccharide.The hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step of protein, part point Polypeptide is produced when solution；It decomposes completely and then generates amino acid.The hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step of nucleic acid, produce when decomposed nucleosides or Nucleotide etc.；It decomposes completely and then generates monosaccharide and alkaloid etc..Control decomposable process suitable severity, realize decomposed or It decomposes completely, the decomposition product needed.

Decomposable process is the process of normal pressure process or pressure (pressurization) process or negative pressure (vacuum)；For room temperature process or it is heated (heating) process or (low temperature) process that is cooled；For thermostatic process or alternating temperature process；For constant voltage process or transformation process.

Physical strengthening decomposable process is the decomposable process that the materials such as biomass carry out under physical condition invigoration effect, or is The decomposable process that the materials such as biomass carry out under physical condition invigoration effect in solvent or in supercritical solvent.Physical strengthening The mode of action of decomposition include the materials such as biomass heat strengthen decompose or electromagnetic wave strengthen decompose or intensified by ultrasonic wave decompose or Electromagnetic field strengthens the process of decomposition or plasma fortified decomposition, or strong for some or all of above-mentioned physical strengthening decomposable process The combination physical strengthening decomposable process of change mode.Physical strengthening decomposable process is the decomposable process that 1 property is completed, or is 2 times or 3 The decomposable process that secondary or more the layered mode step by step completed carries out.Combine the object that physical strengthening decomposable process is the above-mentioned type Reason strengthens some types of decomposable process or the anabolic process of all types, or successively to carry out the physical strengthening of the above-mentioned type point The some types of solution preocess or the anabolic process of all types, or the physical strengthening decomposable process for alternately the above-mentioned type The anabolic process of some types or all types, or strengthen some or all of decomposable process anabolic process for said combination physics Hybrid combining physics strengthen decomposable process.The thermal decomposition process of the materials such as biomass in a solvent is in solvent medium environment In, the materials such as biomass generate decomposition under heat effect.Solvent medium is atent solvent substance during decomposition reaction, is provided Environment is decomposed, but is not involved in decomposition reaction, such as ethers or sulfur-bearing solvent or nitrogen-containing solvent or saturated hydrocarbons or overcritical titanium dioxide Carbon equal solvent.

Distintegrant decomposable process is for catalytic decomposition agent decomposable process under the action of catalyst or under physical strengthening effect Reinforcing distintegrant decomposable process, or for strengthen distintegrant decompose with catalytic decomposition agent decompose combination distintegrant decomposable process. Distintegrant decomposable process is the decomposable process that 1 property is completed, or the layered modes step by step completed for 2 times or 3 times or more times into Capable decomposable process.Combination distintegrant decomposable process is successively to carry out catalytic decomposition agent to decompose and strengthen distintegrant decomposable process Anabolic process, or decompose for agent is alternately catalytically decomposed and strengthen the anabolic process of distintegrant decomposable process, or be same stepping The anabolic process with reinforcing distintegrant decomposable process is decomposed in row catalytic decomposition agent, or is said combination distintegrant decomposable process type Some or all of type hybrid combining distintegrant decomposable process.

Distintegrant is gaseous decomposition agent or liquid distintegrant or solid-state distintegrant, or for mentioned kind distintegrant part or The combination distintegrant of all categories.Gaseous decomposition agent includes conventional gas substance and Plasma gas substance decomposition agent.It decomposes Agent is oxidant or reducing agent.Distintegrant is organic matter distintegrant or inorganic matter distintegrant, or the group for organic matter and inorganic matter Close distintegrant.Distintegrant is neutral substance or acidic materials or alkaline matter, or the combination point for neutral substance and acidic materials Solve agent, or the combination distintegrant for neutral substance and alkaline matter.Solid decomposition agent can dissolve and be uniformly added into afterwards in a solvent, or It is uniformly added into the mixed liquor in decomposer.Neutral substance distintegrant includes water, carbon dioxide, alcohols, ketone, aldehydes etc..Acid Property substance decomposition agent include carboxylic acids, carboxyanhydrides, inorganic acids, bisalt, acid acid salt, acid basic salt class object Matter etc..Alkaline matter distintegrant includes inorganic base, organic bases, basic anhydride class, alkaline salt, alkali base formula salt, alkalinity acid Formula salts substances etc..Oxidant is neutral oxygen agent, including air, oxygen, ozone etc.；It or is acidic oxidation agent, including peroxide Change hydrogen, perchloric acid, nitric acid, chlorosulfonic acid, Peracetic acid, sodium dichromate, chromic acid, potassium permanganate, ammonium persulfate etc.；It or is alkaline oxygen Agent, including sodium hypochlorite, SODIUM PERCARBONATE, sodium perborate, potassium perborate etc.；Or the group for neutral oxygen agent and acidic oxidation agent Close oxidant；Or the combination oxidant for neutral oxygen agent and alkaline oxidiser.Reducing agent includes hydrogen, C, S, metal hydride Object, metal simple-substance (such as K, Ca, Na, Mg).

When synchronous progress controlled syntheses process in situ decomposes the anabolic process of more structural body material processes with distintegrant, except special Outside the distintegrant that door is added, controlled syntheses process in situ may also partially generate distintegrant, such as ester while generating derivative The water that the synthesis processes such as change or etherificate generate, becomes hydrolytic reagent.The portion of product that the materials such as biological original decompose can also become biology The distintegrant of the materials such as matter itself, such as acids, alcohols, constitution water that biomass decomposition generates, become point of biomass itself Solve agent.Even without additional distintegrant, the distintegrant generated with the synchronous controlled syntheses process in situ carried out or biomass point The distintegrant of itself generated is solved, biomass can be made to obtain the decomposition of suitable degree.

Distintegrant be specifically added into for the substance of more structural body materials such as decomposing biomass or be the materials such as biomass Self-produced partially decomposed product or the decomposable process for being synchronous progress and controlled syntheses in situ are in the process by decomposable process after decomposition The portion of product of generation or the portion of product generated by controlled syntheses process in situ, or the part for above-mentioned distintegrant source mode Or the more substance decomposition agent of combination that whole sources mode is constituted.

Such as constitution water or mechanical water that biomass acid hydrolysis process, biomass release, it is esterified or the processes such as acylation is raw At water, may be used to the decomposition of biomass itself.In the case where control suitable degree of decomposition, it may not be necessary to additional Water, the water (constitution water or mechanical water) that the water or biomass itself generated with controlled syntheses process in situ discharges, may be implemented to give birth to The hydrolysis of the suitable degree of substance.

Product distintegrant decomposable process is that the portion of product generated with controlled syntheses process in situ or decomposable process generate Decomposable process of the portion of product as distintegrant, or portion of product and decomposable process life to be generated with controlled syntheses process in situ At decomposable process of the portion of product as distintegrant.It is completely product decomposition by the decomposable process that portion of product distintegrant carries out The full decomposable process of agent.Part be added distintegrant, it is synchronous using portion of product (decomposition product or original position controlled syntheses product) as The decomposable process of distintegrant is product distintegrant decomposed process.

Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis (biomass, biomass polysaccharides, the biomass grain of the more structural bodies of polysaccharide in material containing polysaccharide component The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of polysaccharide component in the materials such as slag, cellulose family macromolecule waste) occasion, the acid of the more structural body components of polysaccharide In the anabolic process of catalyzing hydrolysis and hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses or acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and the hydrolysis of the more structural body components of polysaccharide In glycogen position controlled syntheses and the anabolic process of sugar derivatives separation, the hydrolytic process of the more structural body components of polysaccharide is using additional Water is hydrolyzed, or is the mechanical water (free water or Free water) or chemical water (constitution water self-contained using raw material or material Or interior water) or chemical water be hydrolyzed with mechanical water, or be that the reaction of the synchronous controlled syntheses process in situ carried out is utilized to generate Product water (such as be esterified be etherified or dehydration process generate water) be hydrolyzed；Or for aforesaid way water part way or The hydrolytic process of the combination water of whole modes.

For the more structural body components of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis polysaccharide acidic catalyst substance be inorganic acid or mixing inorganic acid or The mixed acid of organic acid or mixed organic acid or inorganic acid and organic acid is Bronsted acid or lewis acid, is liquid acidic substance Or gaseous acidic species or solid acid substance (all dissolve becomes acid solution in the solution), it is organic acid anhydride or inorganic acid anhydrides (acid anhydrides is played a role in the solution with acid).It can use the hydrolysis that external adding water carries out biomass sugar, also can use and synchronize original The water generated in the synthesis process of position is hydrolyzed.It can be even fully utilized in the case where not needing external adding water or mechanical water The chemical water that is difficult to remove is hydrolyzed in the water and material that fabricated in situ process generates because in each sugar unit of sugar chain or Generally there are 2~4 hydroxyls in monosaccharide molecule, the processes such as esterification or etherificate can be generated 2~4 hydrones, and each sugar unit Hydrolysis only need a hydrone.It is hydrolyzed, is not needed generally to hydrolysis using the water that controlled syntheses process in situ generates The water concentration of mixed liquor is modulated, while being generated water by control and being controlled hydrolysis degree.The hydrolysis and hydrolysis of polysaccharide component The anabolic process of the controlled syntheses in situ of sugar is the anabolic process that hydrolysis independently carries out in different facilities respectively from synthesis, or To hydrolyze and synthesize in the same facility anabolic process for successively carrying out (one kettle way mode), or for hydrolysis with synthesize same The synchronous anabolic process for carrying out (carrying out simultaneously) in a facility.Said combination process and pretreatment, extraction, mixed liquor composition tune The processes such as system, filtering are combined, and constitute entire process unit system.General plant is generated after sour water solution containing hydrolysis sugar and acid Hydrolysis mixture, often simultaneously generate be mainly lignin composition solid residue.Lignin generally can in acid medium A degree of condensation or polycondensation occurs, is conducive to separate lignin with hydrolysis mixture by the modes such as filtering, settling.

Strengthening distintegrant decomposable process is to be made with heat temperature raising effect or Electromagnetic Field or ultrasonic wave effect or electromagnetic field With or the schedule of reinforcements such as action of plasma, or be the combination schedule of reinforcement in a manner of some or all of above-mentioned schedule of reinforcement, The decomposable process for strengthening more structural body material reactions such as distintegrant and biomass, makes the materials such as biomass decompose, such as hydro-thermal Decomposition, microwave reinforced hydrolysis, intensified by ultrasonic wave hydrolysis etc..In plasma decomposable process, part or all of distintegrant is converted into Plasma decomposes the materials such as biomass with the material reactions such as biomass.Strengthening distintegrant decomposable process is that 1 property is completed Decomposable process, or the decomposable process of the layered mode step by step for 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) completions.Combination is strong Changing the mode that distintegrant decomposes is some or all of the above-mentioned schedule of reinforcement of sync mode, or successively to combine above-mentioned reinforcing Some or all of mode mode, or be some or all of the above-mentioned schedule of reinforcement of alternate combinations mode, or strong for said combination The hybrid combining schedule of reinforcement of change mode.

Catalytic decomposition agent decomposable process is the catalytic decomposition process of distintegrant under the catalysis of the catalyst, or in biology Autocatalytic decomposition process under the catalytic action of the partially decomposed product of more structural body materials such as matter, or be the catalysis point of above-mentioned two class The combination catalytic decomposition process of solution preocess.It is the decomposable process that 1 property is completed that agent decomposable process, which is catalytically decomposed, or is 2 times or 3 times Or more time complete layered mode step by step decomposable process.Combination catalytic decomposition process is the two same steppings of class catalytic decomposition process Capable anabolic process, or the anabolic process successively carried out for two class catalytic decomposition processes, or replace for two class catalytic decomposition processes The anabolic process of progress；Or the hybrid combining catalytic decomposition process for some or all of said combination catalytic decomposition process.It urges Change the catalytic decomposition or neutrals of catalytic decomposition or alkaline matter catalyst that distintegrant decomposable process is acidic materials catalyst The catalytic decomposition process of matter catalyst, or be the catalytic decomposition process of acidic catalyst and the combination catalyst of neutral catalyst, Or the catalytic decomposition process for basic catalyst and the combination catalyst of neutral catalyst.In combination catalyst, more often Catalyst goods and materials are major catalyst, and other catalyst goods and materials are co-catalyst.Acidic materials catalyst be acid or acid anhydrides or Ackd salt or acid acid salt or acid basic salt, or urged for the combination acidity of some or all of above-mentioned acidic materials catalyst Agent.Alkaline matter catalyst is alkali or basic anhydride or basic salt or alkaline basic salt or basic acid salt, or is above-mentioned basic species The combination basic catalyst of some or all of matter catalyst.Neutral substance catalyst is neutral inorganic or organic salt or neutrality Solvent catalyst, neutral flux include water or alcohols or ketone or ethers or sulfur-bearing solvent or nitrogen-containing solvent containing halogen solvent etc.. The materials such as biomass catalytic decomposition agent decomposable process is catalyzing hydrolysis process or catalytic dissociation process or catalytic decomposition process or urges Change fission process, generates small molecule or small molecular product.Catalyzing hydrolysis be self-catalysis hydrolysis or acidic materials catalyzing hydrolysis or Alkaline matter catalyzing hydrolysis or neutral substance catalyzing hydrolysis, or the group for some or all of mentioned kind hydrolyst type Close catalyst hydrolysis.

More structural body materials such as biomass are hydrolyzed to catalyzing hydrolysis process or physical strengthening hydrolytic process, or are catalytic water The combined hydrolysis process of solution preocess and physical strengthening hydrolytic process.Catalyzing hydrolysis process is that self-catalysis hydrolytic process or catalyst are urged Change hydrolytic process.Hydrolyst is acidic materials or neutral substance or alkaline matter, or is acidic materials and neutral substance Combined hydrolysis catalyst, or the combined hydrolysis catalyst for alkaline matter and neutral substance.The catalyzing hydrolysis of the more structural bodies of polysaccharide Be it is common and continue to use process remote, wherein the catalyzing hydrolysis of starch or hydro-thermal hydrolysis are applied already, but plant polyose Preferable application is not yet received in catalyzing hydrolysis (such as sour water solution).

In the process system of process unit system, more structural body materials such as biomass are decomposed through polar decomposition agent or in polarity It is decomposed in solvent or the materials such as biomass is decomposed through low pole or nonpolar distintegrant, or in low pole or nonpolar solvent It decomposes.

In addition to the more structural bodies of biomass, there are also being easier to for other a large amount of macromoleculars containing more structures or multiple groups part or more compositions The substance of decomposition, high molecular waste material or polymer solid waste including the mineral such as lignite, peat and many kinds of natural and synthesis, All contain multiple or various structures or structure fragment in molecule, can carry out decomposing by physical method or chemical method or part is divided Solution generates and constitutes high molecular monomer or intermediate or oligomer or other kinds of decomposition product.But these more structural bodies The case where decomposable process of macromolecular substances is to biomass decomposition process is similar, decomposition product also tend to decomposition catalyst or Solvent all mixed dissolutions are also generally difficult to conventional method in decomposing mixed liquor directly by decomposition product from decomposition mixed liquor It separates.

The hydrolytic process and hydrolysate of more structural bodies (biomass, biomass grain slag, high molecular waste material, lignite etc.) are in situ The catalyst of controlled syntheses process be sulfuric acid or sulfurous acid or phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid or carbonic acid or boric acid or hydrochloric acid or perchloric acid or Inorganic acid some or all of in hypochlorous acid or hydrobromic acid or hyperbromic acid or nitric acid, or be sulfur trioxide or sulfur dioxide or five The inorganic acid some or all of aoxidized in two phosphorus or diphosphorus trioxide or nitrogen trioxide or carbon dioxide or carbon disulfide etc. Acid anhydride, or be acetic acid or ethanedioic acid or propionic acid or malonic acid or formic acid or butyric acid or succinic acid or caproic acid or adipic acid or O-phthalic Organic acid some or all of in acid or the organic acids such as terephthalic acid (TPA) or benzoic acid, or be acetic anhydride or propionic andydride or butyric acid Organic acid anhydride some or all of in the organic acid anhydrides such as acid anhydride or phthalic anhydride, or for by above-mentioned inorganic acid, inorganic acid anhydrides, Acidic materials mixed acid formed in solution some or all of in organic acid, organic acid anhydride.

The decomposable process of the modes such as the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of more structural body materials such as biomass, the acidity that different materials needs Intensity is different；The acid intensity that the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of different components needs in material is also different, such as biomass or biomass grain slag In hemicellulose and cellulose acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process.

Sulfuric acid is dense in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes (hydrolytic process in independent hydrolytic process or anabolic process) Degree control is within 80%, i.e., the concentration of sulfuric acid is not higher than 80%.The sulfuric acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition arrives for 20% 76% range.Play the catalytic action during decomposing more structural bodies in a manner of hydrolyzing etc..

The solution sulfite of more structural body hydrolytic processes (hydrolytic process in independent hydrolytic process or anabolic process) Concentration controls within 90%, i.e., the concentration of sulfurous acid is not higher than 90%.The sulfurous acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 30% to 85% range.Play the catalytic action during decomposing more structural bodies in a manner of hydrolyzing etc..

Phosphoric acid is dense in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes (hydrolytic process in independent hydrolytic process or anabolic process) Degree control is within 92%, i.e., the concentration of phosphoric acid is not higher than 92%.The phosphoric acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition arrives for 40% 86% range.Play the catalytic action during decomposing more structural bodies in a manner of hydrolyzing etc..

The solution phosphorous acid of more structural body hydrolytic processes (hydrolytic process in independent hydrolytic process or anabolic process) Concentration controls within 90%, i.e., the concentration of phosphorous acid is not higher than 90%.The phosphorous acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 38% to 86% range.

Hydrobromic acid (bromine in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes (hydrolytic process in independent hydrolytic process or anabolic process) Change hydrogen) concentration control within 40%, i.e., the concentration of hydrobromic acid be not higher than 40%.The hydrobromic acid of typical hydrolytic process condition (hydrogen bromide) concentration is 15% to 30% range.

Chlorine in Solution hydrogen (the salt of more structural body hydrolytic processes (hydrolytic process in independent hydrolytic process or anabolic process) Acid) concentration control within 40%, i.e., the concentration of hydrogen chloride be not higher than 40%.The hydrogen cloride concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition For 15% to 36% range.

The concentration of perchloric acid controls within 60% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes, i.e. the concentration of perchloric acid is not high In 60%.The perchloric acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 10% to 50% range.Play acid catalysis and oxidation.

Within 35%, i.e., hypochlorous concentration is not high for hypochlorous concentration control in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes In 35%.The hypochlorous acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 5% to 25% range.Play oxidation and acid catalysis.

The concentration of hyperbromic acid controls within 50% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes, i.e. the concentration of hyperbromic acid is not high In 50%.The hyperbromic acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 10% to 40% range.Play acid catalysis and oxidation.

The concentration of nitric acid controls within 50% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes, i.e. the concentration of nitric acid is not higher than 50%.The concentration of nitric acid of typical hydrolytic process condition is 10% to 40% range.Play acid catalysis and oxidation.

Other had not only had acidic catalyst effect but also the acid with oxidation includes chlorosulfonic acid, fluosulfonic acid, hydrofluoric acid etc., Acid and oxidisability is all strong, but price is also more expensive.Such as hydrofluoric acid, there is stronger fluorination in when high concentration.

In the condition of above-mentioned hydrolytic process, reflection be single acid-catalyzed hydrolysis acid concentration condition.It has been observed that sour Catalyzing hydrolysis can be it is a kind of acid be catalyst, be also possible to two or more acid mixed-acid catalysts.If had in solution Two or more acid are mixed acid solution.Under normal circumstances, the concentration of a certain acid can reduce.

The decomposable process of the modes such as the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of more structural body materials such as biomass is suitable for different material needs Reaction temperature is different；The temperature for being suitable for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis needs of different components in material is also different, such as biomass or biology The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process of hemicellulose component and cellulose portion in matter grain slag.

Hydrolysis of hemicellulose in hemicellulose material or the material of component containing hemicellulose (biomass, biomass grain slag etc.) The temperature of process controls within 150 DEG C, and the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition is room temperature to 120 DEG C of ranges.

Cellulose substances or containing cellulose component material (biomass, biomass grain slag, cellulosic polymer waste etc.) In cellulose hydrolysis temperature control within 230 DEG C, the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition is room temperature to 180 DEG C of models It encloses.

Lignin hydrolysis in lignin material or the material of component containing lignin (lignin waste, biomass grain slag etc.) The temperature of process controls within 320 DEG C, and the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition is 70 DEG C to 260 DEG C ranges.

The temperature of polyethers or polyformaldehyde high molecular waste material hydrolytic process controls the typical hydrolytic process within 350 DEG C The temperature of condition is 70 DEG C to 270 DEG C ranges.

The temperature of the hydrolytic process of the materials such as lignite or peat controls the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition within 360 DEG C Degree is 80 DEG C to 280 DEG C ranges.

The temperature of the high molecular waste materials hydrolytic process such as polyesters or polyurethanes or polyamide-based or polycarbonate controls Within 300 DEG C, the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition is 50 DEG C to 180 DEG C ranges.

In more structural body materials such as biomass and its poor slag, high molecular waste material, lignite, the different molecule that contains or Different component in structure, acid strength, the temperature of catalyzing hydrolysis needs are all different.This is each difference group in more structural body materials Part carries out the theoretical basis of layered mode hydrolysis step by step.Hemicellulose in biomass and its poor slag structure and cellulose and wooden Element is compared, and is relatively easier to be catalyzed by acids hydrolysis, and the acid strength and temperature needed is all lower.Hemicellulose can be substantially It does not influence to be catalyzed by acids in the case where cellulose and lignin structure in structure and is hydrolyzed to hydrolysis sugar.

It is related with the composition of raw material or structure to decompose species, raw material is different, and decomposition product is different.Raw material mix is more complicated, Component is more in structure, and decomposition product is more.

The product that the more structural body component hydrolytic processes of the polysaccharide of the substances such as biomass generate include monosaccharide or oligosaccharide or compared with Short chain polysaccharides, or the mixture for some or all of above-mentioned decomposition product decomposition product.

The product that biomass water solution preocess generates include monosaccharide or oligosaccharides or compared with short chain polysaccharides class or polypeptide or Amino acids or carboxylic acids or alcohols or aldehydes or ketone or ethers or phenols or aldose acids or alditol acids or alkaloids Or ucleosides or esters or acylated species etc., or be the mixture of some or all of above-mentioned decomposition product decomposition product.

The product that biomass grain pulp water solution preocess generates is similar to biomass, and the product that hydrolytic process generates includes monosaccharide Oligosaccharides or compared with short chain polysaccharides class or polypeptide or amino acids or carboxylic acids or alcohols or aldehydes or ketone or ethers or Phenols or aldose acids or alditol acids or alkaloids or ucleosides or esters or acylated species etc., or be above-mentioned decomposition product Some or all of decomposition product mixture.

The portion of product phase of product and the polysaccharide hydrolysis of biomass that cellulose family macromolecule waste hydrolytic process generates Seemingly, including monosaccharide, oligosaccharide, compared with the hydrolysis sugar product some or all of in the hydrolysis sugars such as short chain polysaccharides.

Structure is complicated for lignite or peat or lignin or lignin waste, and decomposition product is more, the side such as is catalyzed by acids The product that formula hydrolytic process generates includes fulvic acid, brown rot acid, humic acid, carboxylic acid, substituted carboxylic acid, alcohols, aldehydes, ketone, ether Decomposition product some or all of in the decomposition products such as class, phenols.

The product that polyamide-based high molecular waste material hydrolytic process generates include acylated species, lactams, dicarboxylic acids, Decomposition product some or all of in the decomposition products such as diamines, oligomeric polyamide.

The product that polyurethane class high molecular waste hydrolytic process generates includes alcohols, polyalcohols, polyethers, isocyanic acid Decomposition product some or all of in the decomposition products such as esters, oligomeric urethane.

The product that polyester-based polymer waste hydrolytic process generates includes dicarboxylic acids, di-alcohols, polyethers, polynary Decomposition product some or all of in the decomposition products such as alcohols, oligomeric polyester.

The product that polyformaldehyde high molecular waste material hydrolytic process generates includes formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, polyethers, polyalcohols Decomposition product some or all of in equal decomposition products.

The product that polycarbonate high molecular waste material hydrolytic process generates includes that bisphenol-A, oligomeric polycarbonate class etc. are decomposed Object.

More structural body materials, if contained different macromolecule compositions or different macromolecular structure segment in high molecular waste material, one Respective decomposition product is correspondingly generated during secondary property decomposable process or step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition.The decomposition product generally generated at this time is more It is more.

Decomposition product can be divided into point by its dissolubility classification in the mixed liquor (decompose mixed liquor) that decomposable process generates Layer (insoluble) liquid decomposition product, double soluble constituent decomposition products, low boiling point composition decomposition product, strong dissolution sexual element decompose Product, solid-state (insoluble slag) product.It is mixed that strong dissolubility decomposition product and double soluble constituent decomposition products are typically dissolved in decomposition It closes in liquid, with the liquid decomposition product for decomposing mixed liquor layering, is generally decomposing liquid layer (such as biomass on mixing liquid layer Sour water solution occasion).Solid matter decomposable process, in addition to generating liquid decomposition product, often generate some solid-states decompose slags or Residue.In hierarchicabstract decomposition occasion step by step, solid product is residue of the material through decomposed.

Therefore, decomposable process or the step by step decomposition product of hierarchicabstract decomposition process, generally solid-state decomposition product and liquid are completed The mixture of state decomposition product.The mixture of solid-state decomposition product and liquid decomposition product is decomposition of the mixture.

Decomposition of the mixture is separated with solid-liquid separator, obtains solid-state decomposition product (such as solid slag) and liquid is decomposed and produced Object.If solid-liquid separator is used to separate biomass by hydrolyzation slag with hydrolysis mixture, the biomass solid slag separated is main For lignin (occasion for completing hydrolysis)；It is layered the pilot process of hydrolysis step by step, the solid slag separated is containing sugared lignin. The disposable solid slag for completing to decompose, as by-product, if the lignin slag after biomass acid hydrolysis is as by-product.Divide step by step The decomposition residue of the intermediate decomposable process (last time is step by step before hierarchicabstract decomposition) carried out of layer decomposable process, returns and decomposes The hierarchicabstract decomposition process of (next stage) next time is carried out in reactor；Or it returns in pretreatment facility and carries out (next stage) next time Layer preprocessing after, then carry out hierarchicabstract decomposition next time.Step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition or step by step layer preprocessing be layered step by step It decomposes (such as biomass acid-catalyzed hydrolysis) to combine, pre-process complexity from feed end or combines hydrolysis complexity, realize Layered mode separation to the different structure composition of raw material, obtains the hydrolysis of the different components or different components of the materials such as biomass Sugar liquors.As the separation of hemicellulose and cellulose in biomass, or realization hemicellulose sugar are separated with cellulose sugar.Biology After the completion of matter hydrolysis, lignin is enriched with, and is actually also achieved that the separation of lignin Yu cellulose and hemicellulose.

It is enriched the hydrolysis solid slag of lignin, can be further catalytically decomposed, such as base catalysis or acid catalysis point Solution, is decomposed into a variety of important productions such as phenol, hydroxyl alkyl phenol, monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, aldehydes, ethers, carboxylic acids for lignin Product.Therefore, the lignin slag by-product that biomass acid hydrolysis obtains is laid a good foundation for the further decomposition of lignin.It is wooden The catalytic decomposition of element is also possible to the process of layered mode step by step, and completes the hierarchicabstract decomposition mistake step by step of the catalytic decomposition of lignin Journey also constitutes the hierarchicabstract decomposition process step by step of a part during entire hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step.

Liquid decomposition product is to decompose mixed liquor or decompose mixed liquor and be layered the liquefied mixture of liquid decomposition product.With Liquid decomposition product after the separation of solid-state decomposition product is delivered to subsequent stratified liquid separation, the separation of double soluble constituents, low boiling It is separated in the separation equipments such as point composition separation.

Layering liquid decomposition product is separated with layering Liquid segregation device, is obtained layering liquid decomposition product and is decomposed mixed Close liquid.

Stratified liquid separator is the separation equipment for being layered tank or quantizer or the types such as cyclone separator or settler, or For the combined stratified liquid separator that combination is constituted some or all of in above-mentioned stratified liquid separation equipment.Stratified liquid is Mature separation process has mature separation equipment.More of 2 or 3 or 3 or more during same are (i.e. extremely Few 2) similar or identical stratified liquid separator is to be arranged in series or be arranged in parallel.It is layered in stratified liquid separator The separation process of liquid makes the liquid being mutually layered realize separation.

Stratified liquid separator can be used as the shared equipment of various process, and when needed, each process can be separately provided The matched stratified liquid separator of this process.Stratified liquid separation can be used for decomposing, pre-process, controlled syntheses in situ or other mistakes Journey.

Layered liquid separator separation, liquid decomposition product, which is separated into, decomposes mixed liquor and layering liquid decomposition product. Layering liquid decomposition product and decompose mixed liquor can be directly entered respective subsequent processing or process respectively, can also respectively into Enter after respective storage tank is kept in and enters subsequent processing or process.

It decomposes in mixed liquor generally containing distintegrant, catalyst, solvent, double soluble product compositions, low-boiling products composition, strong Strong dissolubility product composition etc..As in the decomposition mixed liquor (hydrolysis mixture) of biomass acid hydrolysis containing sour (catalyst), The compositions such as water (distintegrant, solvent), hydrolysis sugar (strong dissolubility decomposition product composition) and other a small amount of alcohols, phenols.

Decomposition product in mixed liquor is decomposed to be polarity composition while being polar substances such as water (distintegrant or solvent) or be Nonpolarity or low pole product composition (when distintegrant or solvent are apolar substance or low pole substance), or to be both dissolved in polarity Solvent is dissolved in double soluble constituents of nonpolarity or weak polar solvent again.

Double dissolubility decomposition products or low boiling point decomposition product can be easier to separate from decomposition mixed liquor, and have Mature separation equipment and technical process.Decompose the strong dissolubility decomposition product composition (such as hydrolysis sugar) in mixed liquor, it is difficult to It is separated with conventional method, and decomposition product is caused to be difficult to isolated main problem source.

Decomposition mixed liquor is delivered to double soluble constituent separators and isolates double dissolubility decomposition product compositions, is delivered to low boiling point Component separator isolates low boiling point decomposition product composition.

Double soluble constituent separators are extractor or extraction tower or foam separator or membrane separator or adsorption tower or absorption The separation equipment of the types such as device or Electrochemical separation device, or constituted for combination some or all of in above-mentioned separation equipment type Combined double soluble constituent separators.Double soluble constituent separation processes, such as extraction process, are common separation processes, have into The separation process and its equipment of ripe various ways.The separation of double soluble constituents is carried out in double soluble constituent separators Journey separates double soluble constituents in mixed liquor or solution with mixed liquor or solution realization.Mixed liquor is decomposed with double soluble constituents It is the separation process that 1 property is completed that separator, which separates double dissolubility decomposition products, or is 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) The separation process being layered step by step completed.During same, 2 or 3 or more similar or identical double soluble constituents Separator is to be arranged in series or be arranged in parallel, or be arranged to connect with mixing in parallel.

Double dissolubility decomposition product compositions with decompose after mixed liquor separates, double soluble products and decompose mixed liquor respectively directly into Enter respective subsequent processing or process, can also respectively enter after respective storage tank is kept in and enter back into subsequent processing or processed Journey.

If there are many types for decomposing double dissolubility decomposition product compositions in mixed liquor, using different decomposition product Nature difference or the dissolubility difference in decomposition mixed liquor carry out the separation of layered mode step by step, such as use different extractants Carry out layering extraction step by step.Such as acid hydrolysis, can be dissolved in hydrolysate mixed liquor some phenols, fatty acid, esters, The decomposition product composition of double dissolubilities such as fatty alcohols, resinae, alkaloids, amides, isocyanates, using different extractions Agent is taken, extraction and separation is layered step by step and goes out different decomposition products.Composition separation process is decomposed at this time to be layered double dissolubilities step by step.

Double soluble constituent separation processes are the separation process that 1 property is completed or the separation process being layered step by step.

Double soluble constituent separators can be used as the shared double soluble constituent separation equipments of various process, when needed, respectively This process independently matched double soluble constituent separators can be separately provided in a process.Double soluble constituent separators can decompose, During controlled syntheses in situ, derivative separation, derivative partial regeneration etc., for separate double dissolubilities in each mixed liquor at Part.

Extraction process and its corresponding separation equipment are the effective, inexpensive of double soluble constituents in the various mixed liquors of separation Process and method.Extractor type includes extraction tower, extraction column, extractor, reaction, extraction tower etc..It is such as that in-situ synthesized reaction is raw At double dissolubility sugar derivatives mutually implement to separate with containing sour water, extractant is nonpolar solvent or weak polar solvent.If mixing There are many different double soluble constituents in liquid, and the multiple extraction that corresponding different extractants carry out layered mode step by step can be respectively adopted It takes, the various different components in mixed liquor is realized into extraction and separation.

After decomposing the double dissolubility decomposition product compositions of mixed liquor removing, the decomposition product composition in mixed liquor is strong dissolubility Product.It is readily soluble after hydrolysis mixture removes the compositions such as other alcohols of double dissolubilities, phenols when such as biomass polysaccharides sour water solution It is all dissolved in the mixed liquor containing a large amount of acid in the hydrolysis sugar of water.

After removing double soluble product compositions, decomposes mixed liquor and enter in low boiling point component separator, by low boiling in mixed liquor Point product composition removing.

Low boiling point component separator is that fractionator or fractionating column or heating evaporation device or cold boiler or heating in vacuum are steamed Send out the separation equipment of the types such as device, or the combination trap for some or all of above-mentioned separator type type.Low boiling point at The separation process that low boiling point composition is carried out in part separator makes low boiling point composition and mixed liquor or solution in mixed liquor or solution Realize that separation or low boiling point component separator are used to remove or reduce containing for the low boiling point composition in various mixed liquors or solution Amount.Such as the relatively small molecule composition in sour hydrolysis mixture, including alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketone, ethers, the phenol compared with small molecule Class etc. can be separated with low boiling point component separator.During same, 2 or 3 or more similar or identical low boiling points Component separator is to be arranged in series or be arranged in parallel.

Low boiling point composition separation process is the separation process that 1 property is completed or the separation process being layered step by step.If mixing There are two or more low boiling point compositions in liquid, two or more low boiling point compositions can disposably be separated, be obtained more The mixture of kind low boiling point composition；With different technical process or different process conditions can also be used, hierarchically divided step by step From obtaining a variety of different low boiling point ingredients substances.

Low boiling point component separator can be used as the shared low boiling point composition separation equipment of various process, when needed, respectively This process independently matched low boiling point component separator can be separately provided in a process.Low boiling point component separator can decompose, Before controlled syntheses in situ, circulation during mixed liquor processing etc., for separating the low boiling point composition in each mixed liquor.

Purifying mixed liquor is that above-mentioned decomposition mixed liquor removes the mixing after double soluble product compositions and low-boiling products composition Liquid, the decomposition product in mixed liquor is mainly strong deliquescent decomposition product at this time, and is that molecule boiling point is higher strong Dissolubility decomposition product, because the lower strong dissolubility decomposition product of boiling point divides with mixed liquor in low boiling point separation process From.For biomass acid hydrolysis, the main composition of the purifying mixed liquor after removing other decomposition product compositions is hydrolysis Sugar, acid and water etc..

Double soluble constituents and low boiling point composition in mixed liquor are decomposed, such as phenols, alcohols, carboxylic in biomass acid hydrolysis mixed liquor Acid etc., respectively being isolated by after coming all can serve as product.If do not separated from decomposition mixed liquor, often objectionable impurities Composition, even biomass sugar fermentation process poisonous substance.Therefore, double soluble constituents and low boiling point composition are separated from decomposition mixed liquor Process be to decompose mixed liquor purification or purification process, be conducive to subsequent process and obtain purer goal decomposition object, such as hydrolyze Sugar.

Removing reduces the double dissolubility decomposition product compositions or low boiling point decomposition product composition decomposed in mixed liquor, be both Synthetic reaction effect is improved to the process of various double dissolubilities or low boiling point decomposition product, and for subsequent controlled syntheses process in situ The process of fruit.It decomposes mixed liquor and obtains being more advantageous to controlled syntheses process in situ after purification and obtain purer synthesis of derivatives.

Layering liquid decomposition product, double dissolubility decomposition products, low boiling point decomposition product are all than being easier to and decomposing mixed liquor point From.Often main decomposition product is strong dissolubility product, the hydrolysis sugar generated such as biomass sugar sour water solution.Strong dissolubility Product is difficult to directly be separated from mixed liquor with conventional separation method, needs to be arranged and implement new separate processes or group Conjunction process creates separation condition to be difficult to isolated decomposition product.The present invention propose controlled syntheses process in situ be decomposition product with Its derivative mode is separated with mixed liquor to create conditions.

Purify mixed liquor or decompose mixed liquor composition be suitable for when, can be delivered directly in controlled syntheses reactor in situ into Row original position controlled syntheses process is layered controlled syntheses process in situ step by step.If purifying mixed liquor or decomposing the composition of mixed liquor Be not to controlled syntheses in situ it is very suitable, need to purifying mixed liquor or decompose the composition of mixed liquor and carry out allotment appropriate, obtain To the modulation mixed liquor for being suitable for controlled syntheses in situ and crossing range request.

Allotment purifying mixed liquor or the purpose for decomposing the composition of mixed liquor include adjusting the Acidity of mixed liquor (to obtain It is suitable for the acid intensity of in-situ chemical synthesis), or the alkalinity of adjustment mixed liquor is strong and weak (is suitable for in-situ chemical synthesis to obtain Base strength), or adjustment mixed liquor neutral catalyst content (to obtain the neutral catalysis for being suitable for in-situ chemical synthesis The concentration of agent), or the composition or concentration of solvent in mixed liquor are adjusted, or the concentration of adjustment synthetics, or agent content is decomposed in adjustment Or removing distintegrant etc..In situ during controlled syntheses, if there is water generates, it may be necessary to make purifying mixing fluid dewatering or drop Low water content, to promote controlled syntheses reaction in situ to carry out.

Allotment purifying mixed liquor or the process for decomposing mixed liquor composition, carry out before directed chemical synthesis process in situ, Or synchronous progress during directed chemical synthesis in situ；Or it orients before directed chemical synthesis process and in situ in situ All mixed liquor composition is deployed during chemical synthesis.The needs generally reacted according to controlled syntheses in situ, or according to Target product needs, and adjusts to the composition containing decomposition catalyst (such as acid) and the purifying mixed liquor of decomposition product (such as hydrolysis sugar) Match.

Allotment decomposes mixed liquor or purifies process and the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process of the composition of mixed liquor as first The process independently carried out afterwards, or be the synchronous process carried out, or be 2 times or 3 times or more processes alternately. The mixed liquor composition modulated process and controlled syntheses process in situ that process alternately is 2 times or 3 times or more times.

Allotment mixed liquor composition is carried out with mixed liquor composition tuner above-mentioned, including deployed admittedly using the allotment of liquid liquid, liquid, The technical process such as gas-liquid allotment, gas-liquid-solid allotment are deployed.The process for deploying mixed liquor can be in shared mixed liquor composition It is carried out in tuner, also can be set dedicated for allotment purifying mixed liquor or decompose the mixed liquor composition tuner of mixed liquor.

Using water as distintegrant (hydrolytic reagent) occasion, water is more in mixed liquor, to hydrolysis than advantageous, but often to original position Controlled syntheses process is unfavorable.If water content is more in mixed liquor, can by deploy or isolated method to reduce moisture content dense Degree.Or the moisture content in control decomposable process, it is such as aforementioned to be hydrolyzed using water and other suitable solvents composition mixed solvent, both It can satisfy the condition for completing hydrolysis, nor affect on subsequent controlled syntheses process in situ.

Reduce the purifying mixed liquor or decompose in mixed liquor that acid hydrolysis of biomass or acid hydrolysis of biomass grain slag process are formed The mode of water concentration (dehydration or separation water including above-mentioned mixed liquor) is heating evaporation or vacuum evaporation or heating in vacuum evaporation Or the separation processes such as freezing vacuum evaporation or distillation, or the anabolic process for process some or all of in above-mentioned separation process； For be added excessive response raw material or be added do not participate in synthetic reaction neutral flux type diluent (such as ethers, saturated hydrocarbons, Halogenated hydrocarbon, esters etc.) etc. dilution water concentration process；Or for inorganic acid anhydrides (such as sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, titanium dioxide is added Nitrogen, nitric oxide, carbon dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide etc.) or addition organic acid anhydride (such as acetic anhydride, propionic andydride, phthalic acid Acid anhydride etc.) chemical water consumption process；Or for be added it is neutral be not involved in chemical synthesis process water absorbing agent (such as with acid phase in mixed liquor With the Anhydrous Inorganic salt water absorbing agent of acid group or other Anhydrous Inorganic salt water absorbing agent, porous water-absorbing resins etc.) physical absorption Water process；Or the anabolic process for some or all of above process process.It purifies mixed liquor or decomposes the dehydrated of mixed liquor Journey is the process individually carried out, or is and the processes such as controlled syntheses process in situ or catalyzing hydrolysis process or allotment mixed liquor composition The synchronous dehydration carried out.

In process engineering, it can avoid reducing the mistake decomposed mixed liquor or purify water content in mixed liquor as far as possible Journey, such as control the addition water into decomposable process.Other non-hydrolytic decomposable processes can also pass through the technique of decomposable process The step of designing, avoiding the process for carrying out distintegrant in reduction mixed liquor again after completing decomposable process, make whole process simplifies.

Reduce purifying mixed liquor or decompose the acid intensity of mixed liquor mode be added alkali or basic salt (compared with highly basic with compared with The salt of weak acid) or alkaline basic salt or basic acid salt part N-process, or for be added the part of above-mentioned alkaline matter or The part N-process of whole combinations；Or for be added acid weaker acid or acid anhydrides or ackd salt (stronger acids with it is weaker The salt of alkali) or acid acid salt or acid basic salt dilution, or for the portion of the above-mentioned weaker acidic materials of acidity is added Point or whole combination dilutions；Or for the dilution of neutral flux type diluent or neutral saline solution diluent is added Journey；Or the anabolic process for some or all of above process process.Occasion is hydrolyzed, can choose suitable ethers or oligo-ether Neutral diluent of the class as mixed liquor has certain solubility, and ethers or oligomeric ethers, generally will not be with sugar with respect to torpescence Equal molecules reaction.It is not very strong inorganic acid includes phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, boric acid, carbonic acid, nitrous that common acidity is weaker or acid Acid, hydrosulphuric acid, xanthic acid, hypochlorous acid etc., corresponding inorganic acid anhydrides are phosphorus pentoxide, diphosphorus trioxide, boron oxide, titanium dioxide Carbon, nitrogen oxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide etc.；Common includes that machine weak acid has acetic acid, propionic acid, formic acid, phthalic acid, benzene first Acid etc., corresponding acid anhydrides are respectively acetic anhydride, propionic andydride, phthalic anhydride etc..Common acid salt includes sodium bisulfate, sulphur Sour hydrogen ammonia, sodium hydrogensulfite, bisulfite ammonia, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia etc..Common stronger acids with Ackd salt compared with weak base includes sulfate of ammoniac, sulfurous acid ammonia, ammonium chloride, phosphoric acid ammonia, ammonium nitrate etc..Common relatively highly basic and weaker acid Basic salt include sodium sulfite, sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate etc..

Improve purifying mixed liquor or decompose the acid intensity of mixed liquor mode be added acid stronger acid or acid anhydrides or Ackd salt (stronger acids and the salt compared with weak base) or acid acid salt or acid basic salt；It or is some or all of above process mistake The anabolic process of journey.The common stronger inorganic acid of acidity includes sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, fluosulfonic acid, chloroazotic acid Deng；Corresponding acid anhydrides is respectively sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, dinitrogen pentoxide etc..

Improve purifying mixed liquor or decompose the base strength of mixed liquor mode be added the stronger alkali of alkalinity or basic anhydride or Basic salt (compared with the salt of highly basic and weaker acid) or basic acid salt or alkaline basic salt；It or is some or all of above process mistake The anabolic process of journey.

Reduce purifying mixed liquor or decompose mixed liquor base strength mode be added acid or ackd salt (stronger acids with compared with The salt of weak base) or acid basic salt or acid acid salt part N-process, or for be added the part of above-mentioned acidic materials or The part N-process of whole combinations；Or for be added the weaker alkali of alkalinity or basic anhydride or basic salt (compared with highly basic with it is weaker The salt of acid) or basic acid salt or alkaline basic salt dilution, or for the portion of the above-mentioned weaker alkaline matter of alkalinity is added Point or whole combination dilutions；Or for the dilution of neutral flux type diluent or neutral saline solution diluent is added Journey；Or the anabolic process for some or all of above process process.

Allotment purifying mixed liquor or the process for decomposing mixed liquor composition are under modulated process or pressure (pressurization) under normal pressure Modulated process or negative pressure (vacuum) under modulated process；The modulated process is the mistake under process or heated (heating) under room temperature Journey or the process being cooled under (low temperature)；For thermostatic process or alternating temperature process；For constant voltage process or transformation process.

The allocation process for purifying mixed liquor carries out in synthesis reactor in situ, or in mixed liquor composition tuner into Row.

Allotment purifying mixed liquor or decomposition mixed liquor composition process and the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product are successive The process independently carried out, or for the synchronous process carried out of controlled syntheses in situ occurs in modulation, or be alternately The process of modulation and controlled syntheses in situ, or the process of mixing or interleaved mode progress for the above process.

It is anti-that the modulation mixed liquor that decomposition mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or allotment are formed is delivered directly to controlled syntheses in situ It answers in device, or is delivered in controlled syntheses reactor in situ after storage tank is temporary, carry out the controlled syntheses mistake in situ of 1 property completion Journey or the controlled syntheses process in situ being layered step by step.

The controlled syntheses process in situ of more structural body decomposition products is, mixed to process the decomposition to be formed in above-mentioned more structural bodies Close in liquid or purify in mixed liquor or carry out in situ in modulation mixed liquor or in decomposition of the mixture individually controlled syntheses mistake in situ The mode or progress of the mode of journey or progress controlled syntheses in situ and the controlled syntheses process in situ in the anabolic process of decomposition The mode for the controlled syntheses process in situ in anabolic process that controlled syntheses in situ are separated with decomposition and derivative, carries out decomposition product Controlled syntheses process in situ.Controlled syntheses process in situ is catalytic process or non-catalytic process.Controlled syntheses process in situ Catalyst is acidic catalyst or basic catalyst or neutral catalyst.Catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses process with above-mentioned mixed liquor or Former decomposition catalyst in mixture is as controlled syntheses catalyst in situ or to be newly added into above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture Catalyst (raw catelyst of addition is major catalyst or co-catalyst or major catalyst and co-catalyst) as orientation in situ The catalyst of synthesis or in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture former decomposition catalyst and the common structure of catalyst component that is newly added At catalyst of the catalyst as controlled syntheses in situ.Controlled syntheses process in situ is to modulate in mixed liquor or purify mixed liquor In or decompose mixed liquor in or decomposition of the mixture in decomposition product molecule between (in such as mixed liquor between glycan molecule and carboxylic acid molecules Or between glycan molecule and other molecules) occur controlled syntheses process in situ, or in modulation mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or It decomposes in mixed liquor or the decomposition product molecule in decomposition of the mixture and 1 time or 2 times or more synthetics that is secondary or being added continuously Controlled syntheses process in situ is carried out between molecule, or is the synchronous reaction and decomposition product molecule occurred between above-mentioned decomposition product molecule The combination original position controlled syntheses reaction process reacted between synthesis agent molecule, makes the portion in above-mentioned mixed liquor or in mixture Point or whole decomposition products (such as hydrolysis sugar) be converted into layering liquid derivative or double soluble derivatives or solid-state derivative 1 Analog derivative or 2 analog derivatives or all 3 analog derivatives.This 3 analog derivative is all easier to be separated with mixed liquor.

The controlled syntheses process in situ of the hydrolysis sugar of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the polysaccharide of biomass etc. is to utilize hydrolysis mixture In or purifying mixed liquor in or modulation mixed liquor in or hydrolysed mix in former acidic materials (decomposition catalyst) as in situ The catalyst of controlled syntheses, or using the former acidic materials in above-mentioned mixed liquor or in hydrolysed mix and into above-mentioned mixed liquor The addition in hydrolysed mix new acid Matter Composition or addition ortho acid Matter Composition or addition former acidic materials Catalyst of the catalyst that composition and new acid Matter Composition collectively form as controlled syntheses in situ, in modulation mixed liquor Or in purifying mixed liquor or the mode carried out in situ in mixed liquor or in hydrolysed mix is decomposed, make to modulate in mixed liquor or purify In mixed liquor or decompose mixed liquor in or hydrolysed mix in hydrolysis sugar and the mixed liquor in or the hydrolysed mix in other Occur (in such as mixed liquor between glycan molecule and carboxylic acid molecules or between glycan molecule and aldehyde molecule) between hydrolysate molecule former Position controlled syntheses process, or make to modulate the water in mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or in decomposition mixed liquor or in hydrolysed mix The controlled syntheses process in situ carried out between solution sugar and 1 time or 2 times or more time or the synthesis agent molecule being added continuously, or be The synchronous combination original position controlled syntheses reaction process that above two controlled syntheses reaction in situ occurs, makes in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixed Hydrolysis sugar some or all of in conjunction object is converted into layering liquid sugar derivatives or double dissolubility sugar derivatives or solid-state sugar is derivative 1 sugar derivative or 2 sugar derivatives or whole 3 sugar derivatives in object.

5 carbon sugar or the organic syntheses process such as the esterification of 6 carbon sugar, etherificate, coupling, hydrocarbylation, acetalation, ketalization are mature Chemistry and chemical engineering process, can be applied to during biomass polysaccharides hydrolysis lighting carry out controlled syntheses reaction in situ, will be strong Strong deliquescent hydrolysis sugar is converted into the sugar derivatives of double dissolubilities or layering.In addition to monosaccharide molecule, oligosaccharide, amino acid, alcohols, The decomposition products such as organic acid, amides, the chemical synthesis process for having it mature, can be used for controlled syntheses process in situ, will Decomposition product is converted into the derivative for being easier to separate with mixed liquor.

The occasion of biomass acid hydrolysis, in addition to generating strong deliquescent hydrolysis sugar, decomposable process is also possible to generate The strong deliquescent product composition such as carboxylic acids, alcohols, esters, amino acids, phenols, aldehydes or ketone.Hydrolysis sugar and other Decomposition product is in addition to occurring controlled syntheses in situ with additional synthetics and reacting, above-mentioned decomposition product molecule in mixed liquor, Controlled syntheses reaction in situ can mutually occur under certain condition, including original occurs for other decomposition product molecules and hydrolysis glycan molecule Position chemosynthesis reaction.Between hydrolysis glycan molecule in decomposition product, hydrolysis sugar and other decomposition products such as uronic acid or aldose Between acid or the molecules such as onosic acid, polycondensation, polymerization, condensation, etherificate, esterification, acetalation or ketalization etc. in situ may all occur Controlled syntheses reaction.

Controlled syntheses process in situ is separate processes that are independent or carrying out respectively, or to combine the group constituted with decomposable process The process in reaction process, or the process to combine the reaction constituted with derivative separation process with separating in anabolic process are closed, Or the process to combine the reaction constituted with decomposable process and derivative separation process with separating in anabolic process.

Controlled syntheses process in situ is the technical process that 1 property is completed, or completes step by step for 2 times or 3 times or more times Decomposition product in above-mentioned mixed liquor is converted its derivative by the controlled syntheses process in situ of layered mode.In adjacent progress Twice between controlled syntheses process in situ, the derivative that last controlled syntheses process in situ generates is separated.Such as biomass acid Occasion is hydrolyzed, is still under acid catalysis, with a kind of synthetics or with hydrolysis sugar in two or more synthetics and mixed liquor Controlled syntheses in situ are carried out, solid-state or double dissolubilities are generated or are layered the sugar derivatives of liquid.

During the original position of the layering step by step controlled syntheses of hydrolysis sugar, temperature, Acidity (or pH value), synthetics kind are adjusted The conditions such as class, the same or similar glycan molecule in part in mixed liquor is converted sugar derivatives by synthesis every time, hierarchically leads to step by step The separation of different hydrolysis sugars is realized in the separation for crossing different sugar derivatives.

Controlled syntheses process in situ is normal pressure process or pressure process or negative pressure (vacuum) process, is constant voltage process or transformation Process；It is thermostatic process or alternating temperature process for room temperature process or heated (heating) process or (low temperature) process that is cooled.

After completing controlled syntheses process in situ, synthetic mixture is obtained.Synthetic mixture is transported to spreading out for subsequent i.e. downstream In bio-separation facility, the derivative products of controlled syntheses in situ are separated with mixed liquor.

The purpose of controlled syntheses in situ is, due to being generally difficult to that mixed liquor will be purified with conventional separation method or decomposing mixed The strong dissolubility decomposition product (such as the hydrolysis sugar of sour hydrolysis mixture) in liquid is closed with the decomposition catalyst in mixed liquor (such as acid Or ackd salt etc.), the compositions such as solvent realize separation, therefore are not directly separated and decompose mixed liquor or purify strong molten in mixed liquor Solution property decomposition product and decomposition catalyst, but to decompose the original position in mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or in modulation mixed liquor Mode (or be one kettle way) (or is decomposed by mixed liquor Central Plains and is catalyzed using original decomposition catalyst existing in above-mentioned mixed liquor Raw catelyst composition is added when agent and the above-mentioned mixed liquor of allotment or the catalyst that raw catalyst composition is constituted is added) it is fixed as original position To the catalyst of synthesis process, suitable synthetics are selected, the suitable of controlled syntheses conversion in situ is controlled by control reaction condition Suitable depth, the strong dissolubility decomposition product (such as carbohydrate) some or all of made in mixed liquor are oriented in target product Directed chemical synthesis in situ, converts solid derivative or and mixed liquor for decomposition product some or all of in above-mentioned mixed liquor The liquid derivative of layering or double soluble derivatives, or two analog derivatives or three classes that are converted into above-mentioned three analog derivative simultaneously Derivative.Solid derivative or double soluble derivatives or the liquid derivative of layering are all easier to separate with mixed liquor.It therefore, will be difficult The derivative for being easier to separate with mixed liquor is converted by controlled syntheses process in situ with the decomposition product separated with mixed liquor, it is real Now with the separation of mixed liquor.The synthesis of derivatives separated, or as target product, or as the original of subsequent deep-processing process It regenerates or is restored to decomposition product (such as regenerated hydrolysis sugar or regeneration sugar) in material, or the regeneration reactor in entrance downstream.

In the above-mentioned process system for including the processes such as decomposition, controlled syntheses in situ, regeneration, catalyst (such as acid) is played Bifunctional catalyst effect, is both the catalyst of decomposition catalyst and controlled syntheses in situ；It is also possible to as regeneration catalyzing Agent plays three function catalyst actions.If can also be as the synthetics of controlled syntheses process in situ, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, second Acid anhydride, third acid anhydride etc., can play four functions.

Biomass and other a variety of more structural body material lighting decomposable processes generate monomers, intermediate, oligomer or its His lesser decomposition product molecule, such as monosaccharide or oligosaccharide molecule.A variety of synthesis processes of these lesser decomposition product molecules are all It is mature chemistry and chemical engineering process, there is mature consersion unit.

Controlled syntheses reactor in situ be stirred tank or collet heating stirring kettle or cold boiler or heating evaporation device or Heating in vacuum evaporator or crystallizer or settler or tubular reactor react setting for the types such as fractionating column or reaction, extraction tower Combined reactor that is standby, or being constituted for the combination of some or all of above equipment type type equipment.Collet heating method is heat Water heating or steam heating or electric heating type collet.Controlled syntheses reactor in situ is connected to mixed liquor composition tuner, the mixing Liquid composition tuner is for deploying synthesis agent solution.Synthesize agent solution by the compositions such as synthetics, catalyst, solvent part or Whole compositions are constituted.Synthesis agent solution is transported in controlled syntheses reactor in situ, with mixing in controlled syntheses reactor in situ It closes the decomposition product in liquid and carries out controlled syntheses process in situ, convert solid-state for the strong dissolubility decomposition product in mixed liquor Derivative or layering liquid derivative or double soluble derivatives.Controlled syntheses reactor in situ is connected to being previously used for point for its upstream The equipment for solving mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or deploying mixed liquor production receives the decomposition mixed liquor or pure produced from above equipment Change mixed liquor or modulation mixed liquor.The derivative of controlled syntheses reactor connection in situ downstream separates facility, by orientation in situ Synthesize obtained derivative separation.

The synthesis agent solution that mixed liquor is added portionwise or is continuously added into controlled syntheses reactor in situ by control Amount, deploys the concentration of synthetics in the mixed liquor.The concentration for deploying synthetics in mixed liquor, in situ before controlled syntheses process Carry out, or in situ controlled syntheses process carry out in carry out.

By modes such as synthetics concentration, temperature, catalyst components in mixed liquor in control reactor, orientation in situ is controlled The degree that synthesis process carries out.

The upstream connection allotment of controlled syntheses reactor in situ or generate be suitable for controlled syntheses in situ containing decomposition product The equipment of mixed liquor obtains the mixed liquor composition tuner of modulation mixed liquor including allotment purifying mixed liquor, solid-liquid separator, divides Layer liquid separator, double soluble constituent separators, equipment some or all of in low boiling point component separator.

The communicating downstream synthesis of derivatives separation equipment of controlled syntheses reactor in situ, including it is stratified liquid separator, solid Liquid/gas separator, double soluble constituent separators, equipment some or all of in low boiling point component separator.By various derivatives and close It is separated at the mixed liquor of process.

Synthetics are the substance to react with decomposition product composition in mixed liquor in controlled syntheses reactor in situ, purpose It is that the dissolubility of the derivative that is converted into the decomposition product in mixed liquor and former decomposition product changes, makes strong dissolubility Decomposition product be changed into the derivative of dissolution sex reversal, it was water-soluble for such as making originally or the stronger decomposition product of polarity is changed into The derivative of oil-soluble or double dissolubilities, or make originally to be nonpolarity or be changed into double dissolubilities or water solubility compared with the decomposition product of low pole Derivative, or even be changed into mixed liquor layering liquid derivative or be changed into from mixed liquor crystallize or precipitate solid-state Derivative, the separation for synthesis of derivatives and mixed liquor create conditions.Therefore, different decomposition products needs and corresponding synthesis Agent is reacted.

Generally, each decomposition product can satisfy the purpose of controlled syntheses in situ there are many synthetics and technical process is wanted It asks.As biomass polysaccharides hydrolyze monosaccharide molecule, a variety of organic acids, a variety of organic acid anhydrides, a variety of aldehyde, a variety of ketone, a variety of alcohol etc., It all can serve as synthetics.Decomposition product is different, and synthetics are often different.Different decomposition products is accordingly using respectively suitable synthesis Agent.

Synthetics are gas synthesis agent or liquid synthetics or solid matter synthetics, or the portion for mentioned kind synthetics Divide or all categories synthetics combine the combined synthetics constituted.Synthetics are oxidant or reducing agent.Synthetics are organic Synthetics or Inorganic synthese agent, or the combinatorial compound agent for organic matter and inorganic matter.Synthetics are neutral substance or acidic materials Or alkaline matter, or be the combinatorial compound agent of neutral substance and acidic materials, or closed for the combination of neutral substance and alkaline matter At agent.Solid synthetics are uniformly added into after can dissolve formation synthesis agent solution in a solvent, or are directly set with solid material charging Standby (such as screw rod charger) is even added in the mixed liquor in synthesis reactor.

Such as biomass decomposition occasion, a variety of decomposition products, different biomass or other different more structural body objects are often generated Material, the decomposition product difference for decomposing generation are bigger.Therefore, the synthetics that controlled syntheses in situ react occur with decomposition product also will It is multifarious, it will include various substances.

The gaseous state or liquid or solid-state synthetics of single composition, can directly transport and be reacted into reactor.Gaseous mixture Body type synthetics will be entered in in-situ synthesized reaction device with blending tank after whole synthetics gas mixings to react.

Mixed liquor type synthesis agent solution is deployed with mixed liquor composition tuner above-mentioned, then will synthesize agent solution It is transported in controlled syntheses reactor in situ.

2 kinds or 3 kinds or more solid synthetics participate in reaction, participate in reaction with feed way respectively, or in solid After being initially formed solid mixture type synthetics in grain mixing facility, then it is added in reactor and is reacted with charging (feeding) equipment.

The synthesis agent solution that gas is formed through liquid absorbent, it has been observed that with bubble absorption device or spray absorber or board-like Absorption tower or earthfill rockfill concrete riprap RCC absorption tower etc. absorb facility, form Gas-Liquid Absorption type and synthesize agent solution, are then added to synthesis reactor In reacted.

Organic synthesis agent includes organic acid or anhydride or acylated species or organic bases or alcohols or phenols or ethers Or esters or acylated species or aldehydes or ketone or class containing double bond or contain three key classes or class containing aryl or halogenation species or organic amine The many kinds of substance such as class or amino acids or isocyanates, or be 2 kinds or two or more synthetics groups in above-mentioned synthetics Close the combined synthetics formed.Decomposition product molecule has a different groups, and there are many decomposition products in mixed liquor, requires group Mould assembly synthetics change the dissolubility of decomposition product molecule by controlled syntheses in situ.Sugar as chitin decomposes contains Hydroxyl and amino, breaks down proteins generate amino acid contain carboxyl and amino, require combined synthetics reacted with Change dissolubility.

Organic synthesis agent includes esterifying agent or acylating agent or etherifying agent or dehydrating agent or ester exchange agent or crosslinking agent or acetal Agent or ketal agent or oxidant or reducing agent or addition agent or amidating agent or N- alkyl agent or polycondensation agent or polymerizer Or condensing agent or copolymerizing agent etc., or combine the combination to be formed for 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more synthetics in above-mentioned synthetics and close At agent.

Controlled syntheses process in situ is that the same or similar decomposition product composition is oriented to hard objectives product in mixed liquor Controlled syntheses process, or decomposition product subject component will to select in mixed liquor is converted into and spreads out convenient for what is separated with mixed liquor The controlled syntheses process of biology.Under the previous case, specific derivative target product is generated, does not generate other products；It is latter In the case of kind, the decomposition product composition selected in mixed liquor is converted, does not convert other decomposition product compositions in mixed liquor.

Control the reaction condition of controlled syntheses in situ, including temperature, pressure, synthetics type, catalyst type or concentration Deng reacting controlled syntheses in situ, 1 property is completed or 2 times or 3 times or more layered modes step by step are completed.2 times or 3 times Or more time the controlled syntheses in situ completed of layered mode step by step, the original position of different decomposition product occurs in each mixed liquor Controlled syntheses reaction, generates different derivatives.Every time after the completion of the controlled syntheses of original position, derivative separation is carried out.It is layered step by step The controlled syntheses in situ of mode, cooperation derivative separation process is, it can be achieved that strong dissolubility different types of in mixed liquor point Solution product is separated.

The decomposition product of the catalytic decomposition process of more structural bodies (biomass, biomass grain slag, high molecular waste material, lignite etc.) Catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses process catalyst be decompose mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor modulation mixed liquor or decompose mixing Former decomposition catalyst in object, or mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or modulation are decomposed for former decomposition catalyst and other be newly added to (catalyst component being newly added is former decomposition catalyst composition or new to partial catalyst composition in mixed liquor or decomposition of the mixture Catalyst component or former decomposition catalyst composition and raw catelyst composition) catalyst that collectively forms is as original position controlled syntheses (the raw catelyst composition of addition is main catalyst component or co-catalyst composition or main catalyst component and co-catalyst to catalyst Composition).

The hydrolysate original position controlled syntheses mistake of more structural bodies (biomass, biomass grain slag, high molecular waste material, lignite etc.) The acidic materials catalyst of journey and acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process be sulfuric acid or sulfurous acid or phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid or carbonic acid or boric acid or Inorganic acid some or all of in hydrochloric acid or perchloric acid or hypochlorous acid or hydrobromic acid or the inorganic acids such as hyperbromic acid or nitric acid, or be Sulfur trioxide or sulfur dioxide or phosphorus pentoxide or diphosphorus trioxide or nitrogen trioxide or carbon dioxide or carbon disulfide etc. Inorganic acid anhydrides some or all of in inorganic acid anhydrides, or for acetic acid or ethanedioic acid or propionic acid or malonic acid or formic acid or butyric acid or Organic acid some or all of in succinic acid or the organic acids such as caproic acid or adipic-or phthalic acid or benzoic acid, or be second Organic acid anhydride some or all of in acid anhydrides or the organic acid anhydrides such as propionic andydride or butyric anhydride or phthalic anhydride, or for by upper State inorganic acid, inorganic acid anhydrides, organic acid, acidic materials mixed acid formed in solution some or all of in organic acid anhydride.

Controlled syntheses reaction of the reaction between the intramolecular group of decomposition product in situ or the base between decomposition product molecule Reacting between the reaction or synthetics molecular radical and decomposition product group between group is the part in the reaction of the above-mentioned type The reaction process of type or all types is synchronous reaction process or successively reaction process.Reaction between decomposition product molecule For the reaction between 2 or 3 or more decomposition product molecules.Between synthetics and decomposition product reacting for decomposition product with Reaction between 1 or 2 or 3 or more molecule, or for 1 or 2 or 3 or more synthesis agent molecule and 1 or 2 or Reaction between 3 or more decomposition product molecules.

The reaction between the group between decomposition product molecule during controlled syntheses in situ is a decomposition product molecule Oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group and another decomposition product Reaction between oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group is above-mentioned base The reaction of group some or all of in group；It is anti-between the intramolecular group of decomposition product during controlled syntheses in situ It answers, is the reaction for including oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group, is The reaction of group some or all of in above-mentioned group.Reaction between multiple group groups be it is synchronous carry out or successively carry out or Synchronization is reacted with what is successively carried out.Controlled syntheses in situ are the reaction of 1 pair of group or 2 pairs of groups or more to group, are identical The reaction between reaction or different groups between group；For 1 step complete a kind reaction, or for 1 step complete 2 kinds or 3 kinds or The synchronizing process of more kinds of reactions；1 kind for 2 steps or 3 steps or more step completion is reacted, or completed for 2 steps or 3 steps or more step 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more reaction synchronizing processes.Group in decomposition product is more with oxygen-containing group, most of orientation in situ Synthetic reaction reacting between oxygen-containing group or between oxygen-containing group and other groups.

Reacting between the decomposition product and synthetics during controlled syntheses in situ, be include synthesize agent molecule it is oxygen-containing Group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or the groups such as boron-containing group or silicon-containing group and decomposition product it is oxygen-containing Reaction between group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or the groups such as boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；For synthesis Agent carries out or synchronous and successively carry out with the synchronous progress of moieties or whole group in decomposition product group or successively Reaction.In the case where reacting between above-mentioned synthetics and the moieties of decomposition product or a variety of groups, these groups can be with All in a decomposition product molecule, or in 2 or 3 or more decomposition product molecules.Above-mentioned reaction is what 1 step was completed 1 kind of reaction, or 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more the synchronizing processes reacted completed for 1 step；Or it is completed for 2 steps or 3 steps or more step 1 kind reaction, or be 2 steps or 3 steps or more step complete 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more reaction synchronizing processes.Orientation in situ is closed Reaction as 1 pair of group or 2 pairs of groups or more to group, it is anti-between reaction between identical group or different groups It answers.Group in decomposition product is more with oxygen-containing group, and it is oxygen-containing that most of synthetics are reacted with the controlled syntheses in situ of decomposition product Reacting between group or between oxygen-containing group and other groups.

During controlled syntheses in situ, the oxygen-containing group packet for the decomposition product that controlled syntheses in situ react occurs with synthetics Include alcoholic extract hydroxyl group or glycosides hydroxyl or phenolic hydroxyl group or aldehyde carbonyl groups or acetal radical or hemiacetal group or ketone carbonyl or ketal group or hemiketal base Or carboxyl or ester group or acyl group or ehter bond base or silicon oxygen bond group etc..

During controlled syntheses in situ, the sulfur-containing group packet for the decomposition product that controlled syntheses in situ react occurs with synthetics Include mercapto or thiophenol group or thioether group or disulfide group or sulfuryl or sulfoxide group or sulfonic group or sulfonate group or sulfonyl or sulphur Acetal radical or the groups such as sulphur hemiacetal group or thio ketal ization base or sulphur hemiketal base.

During controlled syntheses in situ, the nitrogen-containing group packet for the decomposition product that controlled syntheses in situ react occurs with synthetics Include amino or amido or imido grpup or oximido or cyano or itrile group or cyanic acid base or isocyanate group or cyanic acid ester group or isocyanates Base or amide groups or nitro or nitroso or azanol base or quaternary ammonium salt base or quaternary amine base or hydrazino or azo group or diazo Or pyridyl group or piperidyl or pyrrole radicals or imidazole radicals or pyrazinyl or the groups such as piperazinyl or thiazolyl.

During controlled syntheses in situ, it includes monosaccharide that the decomposition product molecule that controlled syntheses in situ react, which occurs, with synthetics Class or oligosaccharides or polysaccharide or alditol acids or aldose acids or carboxylic acids or alcohols or esters or ethers or aldehydes or contracting Aldehydes or hemiacetal class or ketone or ketal class or hemiketal class or imines or acylated species or amino acids or polypeptide or Phenols or alkaloids or organic amine or the molecules such as ucleosides or isocyanates, including 2 or 3 or more molecules it Between reaction, reacted with single or two or more synthesis agent molecules (containing 1 or 2 in decomposition product including decomposition product Reacting between a or more group and 1 or 2 or more synthetics), including 1 synthesis agent molecule and 1 or 2 The reaction of (such as cross-linking reaction) or more decomposition product molecule.

More structural body materials such as polar decomposition agent decomposing biomass or more structural bodies such as decomposing biomass in polar solvent Material, decomposing the decomposition product in mixed liquor is polar substances, including monosaccharide or oligosaccharides or polysaccharide or alditol acids Or aldose acids or carboxylic acids or acylated species or alcohols or aldehydes or hemiacetal class or ketone or hemiketal class or amino acids Or ucleosides molecule etc., need to be converted into solid derivative or oil-soluble derivative or double soluble derivatives, so that derivative is just It is separated in mixed liquor.Contain active higher group in above-mentioned decomposition product molecule, carries out orientation in situ by these groups Synthetic reaction.

More structural body materials such as nonpolarity or low pole distintegrant decomposing biomass, or in nonpolarity or weak polar solvent More structural body materials such as decomposing biomass, decomposing the decomposition product in mixed liquor is often nonpolar or low pole substance, including Alcohols or esters or ethers or aldehydes or acetals or ketone or ketal class or imines or acylated species or polypeptide or phenols Or alkaloids or organic amine or isocyanates molecule etc., need to be converted into solid derivative or soluble derivative or double Soluble derivatives, so that derivative is convenient for separating with mixed liquor.Also contain active higher group in above-mentioned decomposition product molecule, Controlled syntheses reaction in situ is carried out by these groups.

It has been observed that the catalyst of the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product be purifying mixed liquor in or modulation mixed liquor in or Decompose the former decomposition catalyst in mixed liquor or decomposition of the mixture；Or to decompose mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or modulation mixed liquor The raw catelyst composition or addition of decomposition of the mixture Central Plains decomposition catalyst and addition raw catalyst composition or addition it is new Catalyst component and raw catalyst composition collectively form controlled syntheses catalyst in situ.Modulation mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or It decomposes in mixed liquor or decomposition of the mixture, may also have part in original catalyst is the self-catalysis agent object that decomposable process generates Matter.It in purifying mixed liquor or in modulation mixed liquor or decomposes in mixed liquor or decomposition of the mixture, if original catalyst is acid Property substance or acidic materials and neutral substance, the part raw catelyst composition of addition also should be acidic materials or acidic materials and in Property substance or acidic materials and neutral substance and the weaker alkaline matter of alkalinity.Equally, if original catalyst is alkaline matter Or alkaline matter and neutral substance, the part raw catelyst composition of addition also should be alkaline matter or alkaline matter and neutral substance Or alkaline matter and neutral substance and acid weaker acidic materials.

In the case where the decomposition of neutral substance catalyst or Autocatalytic decomposition, after completing decomposition and purified process It purifies mixed liquor and is generally neutral or close neutrality, the catalyst of controlled syntheses process in situ can be still maintained as neutrality or be connect The substance (new neutral catalyst substance is added in combination or be added without to mixed liquor) of weakly acidic pH, can also be to modulation mixed liquor Or new acidity or basic catalyst composition is added in purifying mixed liquor or decomposition mixed liquor, by the catalyst of controlled syntheses in situ It is changed into the combination catalyst of acidic materials catalyst Yu neutral substance catalyst, or is changed into alkaline matter catalyst and neutrality The combination catalyst of material catalyst.Therefore, neutral catalyst catalytic decomposition process, subsequent original position controlled syntheses process have more More catalyst type selections.Conversely, for the combination of acidic catalyst catalytic decomposition or acidic catalyst and neutral catalyst The catalytic decomposition process of catalyst, the catalyst for purifying mixed liquor or modulating mixed liquor or decomposing in mixed liquor is still acidic materials The combination catalyst of catalyst or acidic materials and neutral substance is generally unsuitable for being changed into alkaline matter catalyst or alkalinity The combination catalyst of substance and neutral substance.Equally, for basic catalyst catalytic decomposition or basic catalyst and neutral catalysis The catalytic decomposition process of the combination catalyst of agent, the catalyst for purifying mixed liquor or modulating mixed liquor or decomposing in mixed liquor are still The combination catalyst of alkaline matter catalyst or alkaline matter and neutral substance is generally unsuitable for being changed into acidic materials catalysis The combination catalyst of agent or acidic materials and neutral substance.

Controlled syntheses in situ reaction is to include modulation mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or decompose mixed liquor or decomposition of the mixture Middle monosaccharide or oligosaccharides or polysaccharide or alditol acids or aldose acids or carboxylic acids or alcohols or esters or ethers or aldehyde Class or acetals or hemiacetal class or ketone or ketal class or hemiketal class or imines or acylated species or amino acids or more Peptides or phenols or alkaloids or organic amine or ucleosides or isocyanates etc. decompose the reaction of product molecule, for containing upper State the reaction between 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more groups in molecule in group, including intramolecular 2 kinds or 3 kinds of decomposition product Or more reaction between group, the reaction between the group including 2 or 3 or more decomposition product molecules.

Controlled syntheses reaction in situ includes modulation mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or decomposes in mixed liquor or decomposition of the mixture Hydroxyl (alcoholic extract hydroxyl group or glycosides hydroxyl or phenolic hydroxyl group) or aldehyde carbonyl groups in decomposition product (such as carbohydrate, amino acids) molecular structure or Acetal radical or hemiacetal group or ketone carbonyl or ketal group or hemiketal base or amino or amido or imido grpup or carboxyl or acyl group or Ester group or ehter bond group or double bond group or triple bonded group or aromatic hydrocarbons cyclic group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or halide base The chemical synthesis of groups or whole groups in conversion reaction or above-mentioned group or the same stepping of moieties such as group or silicon-containing group Capable combinatorial chemistry synthesis or combination conversion reaction.It is in a manner of in situ that decomposition product (such as hydrolysis sugar) in above-mentioned mixed liquor is fixed Its derivative is converted into ground.The decomposition product derivative of generation is the liquid derivative or double dissolubilities of solid derivative or layering Derivative, or to generate two classes or whole three analog derivatives in above-mentioned three analog derivative simultaneously.

Between decomposition product molecule during controlled syntheses in situ reaction (between such as glycan molecule and other glycan molecules or Reacting between glycan molecule and other types molecule) it is 1 synthetic reaction that 1 property is completed, or to be generated by 1 synthetic reaction Continue 2 times or 3 times or more synthetic reactions of derivative.In each synthetic reaction with decomposition product and its derivative The synthetics that molecule reacts are identical or different synthetics.The controlled syntheses process in situ disposably completed, obtains depth Degree conversion or the close derivative product converted completely.

The product of 2 times above-mentioned synthetic reactions or more time synthetic reaction conversion, such as 2 synthesis of hydrolysis sugar or more time The deep conversion product or intermediate product of synthesis, including returning poly- oligosaccharide, returning poly- polysaccharide, sugar ether, the condensation product of sugar or contracting The sugar derivatives such as polymers.

The original position of the layer-stepping step by step controlled syntheses of 2 times or more modes, the degree or be added every time that control synthesis converts Different synthetics are converted, the available derivative product or different molecular for meeting the suitable degree conversion centainly needed Derivative product, or controlled syntheses link in situ divided step by step by the transforming degree of control synthesis or the type of derivative Layer mode is realized the decomposition product in mixed liquor to different decomposition product in a manner of generating different derivatives and is separated.

The reaction of the alcoholic extract hydroxyl group of decomposition product molecule during controlled syntheses in situ includes: that the esterification of alcoholic extract hydroxyl group or ester are handed over It changes or is etherified or be acylated or be crosslinked or acetalation or ketalization or aldol condensation or dehydration or reduction or oxidation or addition or elimination Or it is halogenated or replace or amidation or polycondensation or polymerization or the reaction such as condensation or copolymerization, or be all or part of of above-mentioned reaction Composite reaction.

The reaction of the glycosides hydroxyl (hemiacetal hydroxyl) of decomposition product molecule during controlled syntheses in situ includes: glycosides hydroxyl Esterification or transesterification or etherificate or acylation or crosslinking or acetalation or ketalization or aldol condensation or dehydration or reduction or oxidation Or addition or elimination or halogenated or replace or amidation or polycondensation or polymerization or the reaction such as condensation or copolymerization, or be above-mentioned reaction All or part of composite reaction.

The reaction of the aldehyde carbonyl groups of decomposition product molecule during controlled syntheses in situ includes: the acetalation or friendship of aldehyde carbonyl groups Connection or aldol condensation or reduction or oxidation or addition or elimination or dehydration or amidation or polycondensation or polymerization or condensation or copolymerization etc. Reaction, or be all or part of composite reaction of above-mentioned reaction.

The reaction of the ketone carbonyl of decomposition product molecule during controlled syntheses in situ includes: the acetalation or friendship of ketone carbonyl Connection or aldol condensation or reduction or oxidation or addition or elimination or dehydration or amidation or polycondensation or polymerization or condensation or copolymerization etc. Reaction, or be all or part of composite reaction of above-mentioned reaction.

The reaction of the amino or amido or imido grpup of decomposition product molecule during controlled syntheses in situ includes: amino Acylated or crosslinking or N- hydrocarbylation or imidization or quaternization or reduction or oxidation or dehydration or addition or elimination or substitution or Polycondensation or the reaction such as polymerization or condensation or copolymerization, or be the composite reaction of some or all of above-mentioned reaction.

The reaction of the carboxyl of decomposition product molecule during controlled syntheses in situ include: carboxyl esterification or transesterification or Acylated or crosslinking or reduction or addition or elimination or substitution or dehydration or polycondensation or polymerization or the reaction such as condensation or copolymerization, or be upper State all or part of composite reaction of reaction.

During controlled syntheses in situ, the esterifying agent of hydroxyl includes carboxylic acids (such as saturated carboxylic acid, unsaturated carboxylic acid, aryl Carboxylic acid, fatty acid, substituted carboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acids etc.), carboxyanhydrides (such as acetic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, propionic andydride), carboxylic Esters of gallic acid, acylated species etc.；Or the esterifying agent being added simultaneously is the combination esterifying agent of some or all of above-mentioned esterifying agent.Acetic acid And its acid anhydrides is more cheap and easy to get, and toxicity is lower, is important esterifying agent.

During controlled syntheses in situ, the etherifying agent of hydroxyl includes alcohols (fatty alcohol, higher aliphatic, unsaturated fat Alcohol, dihydric alcohol or polyalcohol, polyether polyol etc.), epoxy hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbons, halogenated carboxylic acid class it is (halogenated aliphatic acid, halogenated advanced Fatty acid etc.), halogenated alcohols (halogenated aliphatic alcohol, halogenated higher aliphatic etc.)；Or the etherifying agent being added simultaneously is above-mentioned etherificate The combination etherifying agent of some or all of agent.

Controlled syntheses process in situ is the independent separate processes for carrying out above-mentioned controlled syntheses reaction, i.e., with decomposable process and Derivative separation process is the process independently or individually carried out；Or the anabolic process for controlled syntheses in situ and decomposable process In controlled syntheses process in situ, or in controlled syntheses in situ and decomposable process and the anabolic process of derivative separation process Controlled syntheses process in situ.The controlled syntheses process in situ in controlled syntheses process or anabolic process in situ independently carried out, all It can be the process disposably completed, also can be the layering side step by step of 2 times or 3 times or more (i.e. at least 2 times) modes The process that formula carries out.In addition, decomposable process or derivative in addition to the controlled syntheses process in situ in anabolic process, in anabolic process Object separation process also can be the process disposably completed or for 2 times or 3 times or more time modes (i.e. at least 2 times) by The process that stage layered mode carries out.

The anabolic process of 2 or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) processes that combinations of the above carries out, accordingly quite In 2 or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) process groups are combined into anabolic process.The combination of controlled syntheses in situ and decomposition Journey is equivalent to and controlled syntheses device in situ and decomposition reactor is merged into a combined reactor；The decomposition of material, decomposition product Controlled syntheses in situ all carried out in the same reactor.

Anabolic process combines composition by 2 or 3 or more (i.e. at least two) technical process, for it is synchronous carry out or according to The anabolic process of 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more (i.e. at least two kinds of) processes of secondary progress.Technical process in anabolic process is to synchronize The process of progress or the process that successively sequence carries out；It for the process that 1 property is completed, or is 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 It is secondary) complete layered mode step by step carry out process.

Anabolic process carries out in the equipment of combined reactor or reaction and difunctional or more the function such as separator.

Hierarchicabstract decomposition process and original position are fixed by decomposable process or step by step for controlled syntheses in situ and the composite reaction process of decomposition To synthesis process or controlled syntheses process in situ is layered step by step to be combined and constitute.Technical process in the anabolic process is same Walk the process carried out or the successively process of sequence progress or synchronization and the process that successively sequence carries out；For 1 property complete process, Or the process of the progress of layered mode step by step for 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) completions.

It decomposes with controlled syntheses in situ when be the process carried out independently of each other, it can controlled syntheses in the process will be strong in situ Strong dissolubility decomposition product is converted into solid-state derivative.But since decomposable process generally has solid slag generation, decomposes and determine in situ Solid-state derivative is not generated generally to the anabolic process of synthesis process, and is converted decomposition product to and be layered liquid derivative or double Soluble liquid derivative.

The composite reaction process of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the polysaccharide of the materials such as biomass and hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses is by more Saccharic acid catalyzing hydrolysis process or step by step layering acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process and controlled syntheses process in situ or step by step layering orientation in situ Synthesis process is combined and constitutes.Technical process in the anabolic process is the synchronous process carried out or successively sequence carries out Process or the process of synchronization and successively sequence progress；For the process that 1 property is completed, or for complete for 2 times or 3 times or more times by The process that stage layered mode carries out.In order to avoid also catalyzing hydrolysis sugar derivatives when acid-catalyzed hydrolysis polysaccharide, should generate chemical steady The qualitative derivative molecular more more stable than glycosidic bond.Glycosidic bond is hemiacetal structure, and the structure than hemiacetal stable structure includes The chemical structures such as oxygen-ether linkage, acetal, ester, acylate.With the acid hydrolysis for the water progress biomass polysaccharides being specifically added into, or with The water that controlled syntheses reaction in situ generates carries out the hydrolytic process.Such as made using the water that the esterification of sugar, etherificate process generate more Syrup solution while the controlled syntheses process in situ for being esterified or being etherified, carries out the sour water solution of polysaccharide.Add in hydrating solution Enter the esterifying agents such as acetic acid, acetic anhydride, while the esterification process in situ of sugar occurs, the hydrolysis of polysaccharide occurs, realizes ester in situ Change and acid-hydrolyzed anabolic process.

After completing controlled syntheses process in situ, obtains containing double soluble derivatives, solid-state derivative, is layered liquid derivative The synthesis of the main ingredient such as species derivatives, catalyst, synthetics, distintegrant, solvent is mixed some or all of in 3 kinds of derivatives Close object.It completes to decompose and after the anabolic process of controlled syntheses in situ, obtains containing double soluble derivatives, is layered the 2 of liquid derivative 1 kind in kind derivative or all conjunctions of the main ingredient such as 2 kinds of derivatives, solid slag, catalyst, synthetics, distintegrant, solvents Resulting mixture.The derivative separation process that synthetic mixture enters subsequent derivative separation process or is layered step by step is divided From.

Controlled syntheses in situ and the combined reactor of decomposition be stirred tank or collet heating stirring kettle or cold boiler or Heating evaporation device or heating in vacuum evaporator or crystallizer or settler or tubular reactor or reaction fractionating column or reaction, extraction The equipment of the types such as tower, or the combined reactor constituted for the combination of some or all of above equipment type type equipment.Collet Heating method is hot water heating or steam heating or electric heating type collet.Decompose in the combined reactor of controlled syntheses in situ into Row synchronization or decomposable process successively or step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition process and controlled syntheses process in situ are layered in situ orient step by step The anabolic process of synthesis process.The combined reactor is both decomposition reactor, while being also controlled syntheses reactor in situ.It carries out The anabolic process of decomposable process and controlled syntheses process in situ that 1 property is completed；Or progress 2 times or 3 times or more time completions The anabolic process of the decomposable process of layered mode and controlled syntheses process in situ step by step, anabolic process decomposes material or part is divided Solution, and synchronize and convert its derivative for decomposition product in mixed liquor.Such as biomass acid hydrolysis occasion, under acid catalysis, Hydrolysis is synchronous with controlled syntheses in situ to be carried out, and the water including being generated with controlled syntheses process in situ is hydrolyzed.

Decompose the solid-liquid separated for preconditioned mixture that its upstream is connected to the combined reactor of controlled syntheses in situ Separator and pretreatment facility, receive the pretreated solid material of solid-liquid separator separation；Combined reactor difference Mixed liquor composition tuner of the connection for detergent solution decomposition allotment and synthetics preparing solution, the distintegrant for completing allotment are molten Liquid, synthesis agent solution are transported in the combined reactor.Mixed liquor composition tuner is the equipment shared with other processes, or is The mixed liquor composition tuner that this anabolic process is separately provided.Solid-liquid separator is the equipment shared with other processes, or is this The solid-liquid separator that anabolic process is separately provided.

It decomposes the derivative of the combined reactor connection with controlled syntheses in situ downstream and separates facility.It completes to decompose and original The mixture of the anabolic process of position controlled syntheses enters derivative separation facility and is separated, to obtain various derivatives.

After completing controlled syntheses process in situ or the controlled syntheses process in situ being layered step by step, generate and various more structural bodies The corresponding various derivatives of decomposition product, as hydrolysis sugar derivatives, the Polyester waste of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of polysaccharide are catalytically decomposed Dicarboxylic acid derivatives and alkylene glycol deriv etc..It decomposes mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or modulation mixed liquor is changed into containing synthesis The synthetic mixture of derivative；Or detergent solution decomposition is that the synthesis containing synthesis of derivatives mixes with more structural body material cotransformations Object.

Synthetic mixture, which enters in subsequent derivative separation facility, to be separated, and derivative products are obtained.

According to controlled syntheses reaction process in situ or design with the anabolic process of controlled syntheses in situ is decomposed, or according to spreading out Biology dissolubility in synthesis mixed liquor is classified, and it is derivative that the composition in synthetic mixture can be divided mainly into synthesis mixed liquor, solid-state Object (the controlled syntheses process in situ independently carried out), with synthesis mixed liquor layering liquid derivative (including with synthesis mixed liquor The pure liquid derivative of layering enters and the derivative in the solvent of synthesis mixed liquor layering).

The main ingredient for synthesizing mixed liquor is catalyst, double soluble derivatives, synthetics, solvent etc..

Controlled syntheses process in situ converts solid-state derivative for deliquescent decomposition product strong in former mixed liquor or divides Layer liquid derivative or double soluble derivatives create condition for derivative with the separation for synthesizing mixed liquor.Such as biomass sour water Occasion is solved, orientation is converted into solid sugar derivatives or double dissolubility sugar derivatives or mixes with synthesis the hydrolysis sugar in mixed liquor in situ The liquid derivative of liquid layering, the separation for sugar derivatives and the synthesis mixed liquor containing acid create conditions.Derivative is separated Afterwards, intermediate product or target product be can be used as.

Above-mentioned synthetic mixture enters the derivative separation facility in downstream, carries out derivative separation process or is layered step by step Separation process separates various derivatives with mixed liquor.Derivative separation process or the derivative separation process being layered step by step exist It is carried out in derivative separation facility.

Derivative separates facility by solid-liquid separator, stratified liquid separator, low boiling point component separator, double soluble constituents Equipment is constituted some or all of in separator, mixed liquor composition tuner.Various derivatives are carried out in derivative separation facility Separation process.Equipment in above-mentioned derivative separation facility, is the special equipment of derivative separation, or is total with other processes Equipment.Derivative separates the solid-liquid separator in facility and is used for the solid-state derivative or solid slag in synthetic mixture It separates with liquefied mixture, after generating solid sugar derivatives, is separated with solid-liquid separator above-mentioned.No solid-state derivative is solid When state slag generates, do not need using solid-liquid separator.The stratified liquid separator is above-mentioned for separating in derivative separation facility Layering liquid derivative in liquefied mixture such as generates oil-soluble sugar derivatives and is layered with the synthesis mixed liquor containing acid, utilizes The separation of stratified liquid separator.The low boiling point component separator is used to separate low in synthesis mixed liquor in derivative separation facility Boiling derivatives.Double dissolubilities that double soluble constituent separators are used to separate in synthesis mixed liquor in derivative separation facility are derivative Object is separated double dissolubility sugar derivatives with synthesis mixed liquor realization using processes such as extractions after generating double dissolubility sugar derivatives. The mixed liquor composition tuner such as extracts agent solution for deploying separatory solution in derivative separation facility.Above-mentioned is each Kind derivative separation equipment is the separation equipment shared with other processes, or the separation being separately provided for the separation process of this derivative Equipment.After synthesizing mixed liquor completion derivative separation, become mixed liquor before the circulation of synthesis mixed liquor.

Derivative separates facility connection derivates regeneration reactor downstream, is disposably completed or the side of layering step by step Derivates regeneration is restored to decomposition product, or derivative is carried out partial regeneration process by the regenerative process that formula is completed.It has been observed that Derivative separation equipment is connected to the controlled syntheses reactor in situ of its upstream or decomposes the combined reactor with controlled syntheses in situ.

Derivative separation process is double soluble constituent separation processes or stratified liquid separation process or separation of solid and liquid process, is The separation process that 1 property is completed, or the separation of the layered mode step by step for 2 times or 3 times or more (i.e. at least 2 times) secondary completions Journey.The available different derivative of separation of layered mode step by step, such as can be to synthesis in double soluble derivatives separation processes Different derivative compositions are separated in mixed liquor.

Derivative separation process is such as the above-mentioned separation process carried out independently of each other with other processes, i.e. derivative separation Process and controlled syntheses in situ or decomposable process are the process independently carried out；Or to combine structure with controlled syntheses process in situ At anabolic process, or for decompose and controlled syntheses process in situ combines composition anabolic process.

Derivative separation facility is connected to the controlled syntheses reactor in situ of its upstream or the group of controlled syntheses and decomposition in situ Reactor is closed, and is connected to derivates regeneration reactor downstream, recycles facility.

After completing derivative separation process, derivative is separated from synthesis mixed liquor, and original synthesis mixed liquor is changed into mainly Mixed liquor containing ingredients such as catalyst, solvent, synthetics is solution before a kind of circulation.Solution, which is transported to, before recycling recycles It is handled or is separated in facility, form the circulation mixed liquor for reaching the condition of recycling, then return to correlated process (as divided Solution, controlled syntheses in situ, derivates regeneration etc.) it realizes and recycles.

Derivative separation and the reaction of original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process and divide by derivative separation process or step by step The controlled syntheses process in situ that the derivative separation process of layer is layered with controlled syntheses process in situ or step by step combines composition.The group Technical process during conjunction is the synchronous process carried out or the process that successively sequence carries out；For 1 property complete process, or The process carried out for the layered mode step by step of 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) completions.The anabolic process such as derivative The anabolic process that extraction separation process is reacted with controlled syntheses in situ.

Sugar derivatives separation and hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses reaction with separate anabolic process by controlled syntheses mistake in situ Journey is layered controlled syntheses process in situ and sugar derivatives separation process or step by step layering sugar derivatives separation process progress step by step It combines and constitutes.Technical process in the anabolic process is the synchronous process carried out or successively sequence carries out process or synchronization with The successively process that sequence carries out；For the process that 1 property is completed, or for 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) completions by The process that stage layered mode carries out.Common sugar derivatives separation process is synchronous extraction process in anabolic process.Sugar derivatives Extraction enters in solvent phase, not only improves controlled syntheses reaction in situ and carries out, can also generate protection to the derivative of generation and make With avoiding the catalyzing hydrolysis of acidic catalyst.The sugar ester extraction that esterification in situ generates is entered in extractant phase, ester in situ is carried out When changing reaction, synchronizing realizes sugar ester separation.The anabolic process of esterification and sugar ester extraction and separation in situ is then realized on the whole.

Derivative separation and the composite reaction of the anabolic process of controlled syntheses in situ add with separator for stirred tank or collet Thermal agitation kettle or cold boiler or heating evaporation device or heating in vacuum evaporator or crystallizer or settler or tubular reactor Or the equipment of the reaction types such as fractionating column or reaction, extraction tower, or be the type equipment combination of some or all of above equipment type The combined reaction constituted and separator.The reaction reacts the group separated with derivative with controlled syntheses in situ are carried out in separator Conjunction process, for example, the synthesis of sugar derivatives enters the two same steppings of process realized and separated in extractant phase with sugar derivatives Row constantly enters extraction for reversible controlled syntheses process in situ again while object is continuously generated as derived from mixed liquor It takes in agent solution, keeps lower derivatives concentration in mixed liquor, be conducive to controlled syntheses reaction in situ and carry out completely.Carry out self-regulated Mixed liquor processed or purifying mixed liquor or the corresponding mixed liquor for decomposing mixed liquor production equipment, are transported to the reaction and separator In, carry out the anabolic process that controlled syntheses in situ are separated with derivative.Therefore, which is connected to the above-mentioned of its upstream with separator Mixed liquor production equipment, such as decomposition reactor or allotment modulation mixed liquor mixed liquor composition tuner；And it is connected to difference For deploying the mixed liquor composition tuner of synthesis agent solution and the separatory solution of derivative (such as extraction agent solution).Synthetics Solution and derivative separation are also transported in the reaction and separator with solution, make the decomposition product in mixed liquor that orientation in situ occur Synthetic reaction, and the derivative generated is made to realize separation.After completing the anabolic process, the derivative separated is such as solid State derivative or layering liquid derivative etc..Enter subsequent processing or regeneration as the derivative of intermediate product or regenerative raw materials Process.Mixed liquor is converted into mixed liquor before the circulation of anabolic process generation.Mixed liquor enters subsequent circulation benefit before the circulation With being processed or being handled in facility, it is converted into recyclable circulation solution.Therefore, which is connected under it with separator The derivative process equipment or regenerator of trip, and be connected to downstream recycle facility.The reaction and separator can also be under them Trip is arranged derivative above-mentioned and separates facility, to the derivative for realizing initial gross separation in the reaction and separator, carries out Further depth separation.

Derivative separation with decompose and the reaction of original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process by derivative separation process or The derivative separation process and controlled syntheses process in situ that are layered step by step or the controlled syntheses process in situ being layered step by step and decomposition Process or the step by step combination of hierarchicabstract decomposition process are constituted.Technical process in the anabolic process is the synchronous process or successively suitable carried out The process of process or synchronization and successively sequence progress that sequence carries out；It for the process that 1 property is completed, or is for 2 times or 3 times or more times The process that the layered mode step by step of (i.e. at least 2 times) completions carries out.The anabolic process such as derivative extraction separation process and original position The anabolic process of controlled syntheses reaction and more structural body decomposable processes.

Sugar derivatives separation and polysaccharide acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and the reaction of hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process By polysaccharide acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process or it is layered acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process and controlled syntheses process in situ step by step or is layered step by step in situ Controlled syntheses process and derivative separation process or step by step layering derivative separation process are combined and constitute.The anabolic process In technical process be the synchronous process carried out or process that successively sequence carries out or synchronization and process that successively sequence carries out；For The process that 1 property is completed, or the process of the progress of layered mode step by step for 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. at least 2 times) completions. Common derivative separation process is synchronous extraction process in anabolic process.Sugar derivatives extraction enters in solvent phase, both favorably It reacts and carries out in controlled syntheses in situ, protective effect can also be generated to the derivative of generation, avoid the catalysis of acidic catalyst Hydrolysis.In order to avoid also catalyzing hydrolysis sugar derivatives, Ying Shengcheng chemical stability are more steady than glycosidic bond when acid-catalyzed hydrolysis polysaccharide Fixed derivative molecular.Glycosidic bond is hemiacetal structure, and the structure than hemiacetal stable structure includes oxygen-ether linkage, acetal, ester, acyl The chemical structures such as compound.The acid hydrolysis of biomass polysaccharides is carried out, or with the water being specifically added into controlled syntheses in situ reaction The water of generation carries out the hydrolytic process.Such as make polysaccharide hydrolysis using the water that the esterification of sugar, etherificate process generate, is esterified Or etherificate controlled syntheses process in situ while, carry out the sour water solution of polysaccharide.The esters such as acetic acid, acetic anhydride are added in hydrating solution While the esterification process in situ of sugar occurs the hydrolysis of polysaccharide occurs for agent.It is extracted simultaneously in reaction and addition in separator The sugar ester extraction of generation is entered in extractant phase, synchronizes the separation for realizing sugar ester by agent solution.Original position is then realized on the whole The anabolic process of esterification and sour water solution and sugar ester extraction and separation.

The anabolic process of the synchronous acid catalysis fabricated in situ of biomass sugar and hydrolysis and extraction separation process in extraction and separation and It is carried out in controlled syntheses in situ and the combination unit of hydrolysis.Reactor is that screw extruding heats hydrolysis machine or stirred tank or stirred tank Or collet heated type stirred tank or evaporator or settler or the type equipments such as extraction tower or extraction column.Acid is both biomass sugar Hydrolyst, the catalyst that can be used as hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses again, by hydrolysis progress synchronous with controlled syntheses in situ. And extractant is added, synchronizes and extraction and separation is carried out to the oil-soluble of generation or double dissolubility sugar derivatives, it is in situ fixed to not only improve It is carried out to synthesis towards sugar derivatives direction, and is conducive to shorten process flow.Acid catalyst for acid-catalyzed hydrolysis is inorganic The mixed acid of acid or mixing inorganic acid or organic acid or mixed organic acid or inorganic acid and organic acid is Bronsted acid or Louis Acid is liquid acidic material or gaseous acidic material or solid acid material, is organic acid anhydride or inorganic acid anhydrides.In hydrolysis half fiber It ties up the stage of plain (5 carbon sugar etc.), acid-catalyzed hydrolysis temperature controls within 150 DEG C；In the stage of hydrocellulose (6 carbon sugar), Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis temperature controls within 230 DEG C.The mass concentration of sulfuric acid controls within 80% in mixed liquor；The quality of phosphoric acid Concentration controls within 90%；Hydrogen chloride mass concentration controls within 40%.Biomass sugar is layered hydrolysis or primary step by step Property hydrolysis after, lignin is enriched with, and the separation of lignin Yu cellulose and hemicellulose is also achieved.Biomass sugar hydrolysis Product is monosaccharide or oligosaccharide or polysaccharide.In the anabolic process of derivative extraction and separation and controlled syntheses and hydrolytic process in situ In, the hydrolysis of biomass sugar is carried out using external adding water, also be can use the water generated during synchronous fabricated in situ and is carried out water Solution；Even the interior water in the water and raw material that fabricated in situ process generates can be fully utilized in the case where not needing external adding water Hydrolysis is synchronized, because generally there is 2~4 hydroxyls in each sugar unit of sugar chain or in monosaccharide molecule, esterification or etherificate etc. 2~4 hydrones can be generated in process, and the hydrolysis of each sugar unit only needs a hydrone.Utilize controlled syntheses in situ The water that process generates is hydrolyzed, and water control can be generated by control and synchronizes the degree or depth that are hydrolyzed.

The synchronous acid catalysis of biomass sugar is layered hydrolysis with controlled syntheses in situ and the anabolic process of extraction also synchronous step by step It is carried out in acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and controlled syntheses in situ and the combination unit of extraction.Reactor be also screw extruding heating hydrolysis machine or Stirred tank or stirred tank or collet heated type stirred tank or evaporator or settler or the type equipments such as extraction tower or extraction column.Benefit It is both the difunctional feature of the catalyst of hydrolysis and the catalyst of controlled syntheses in situ, biomass sugar hydrolysis and original position with acid Controlled syntheses are synchronous with three processes of extraction and separation to carry out.By changing the acidity or the conditions such as pH value, temperature of mixed liquor, according to The secondary speed and intensity for adjusting hydrolysis implements the anabolic process of the hydrolysis being layered step by step with controlled syntheses and extraction and separation in situ. Equally, it can use external adding water with controlled syntheses in situ and the anabolic process of extraction and separation in layering hydrolysis step by step and given birth to The hydrolysis of substance sugar also can use the water generated during the controlled syntheses in situ of synchronous progress and be hydrolyzed；It even can be with In the case where not needing external adding water, the interior water that water and raw material that controlled syntheses process in situ generates is fully utilized synchronizes water Solution.It is hydrolyzed using the water that controlled syntheses process in situ generates, water control can be generated by control and is layered hydrolysis step by step Degree.

Derivative separation with decompose and the composite reaction of the anabolic process of controlled syntheses in situ and separator for stirred tank or Collet heating stirring kettle or cold boiler or heating evaporation device or heating in vacuum evaporator or crystallizer or settler or tubular type Reactor or the equipment for reacting the types such as fractionating column or reaction, extraction tower, or set for some or all of above equipment type type The combined reaction and separator that standby combination is constituted.The reaction with carry out decomposing in separator and original position controlled syntheses react and spread out The anabolic process of bio-separation, for example, the decomposition of biomass sugar and the synthesis of sugar derivatives and sugar derivatives enter extractant It realizes that 3 processes of separation are synchronous in phase to carry out, for reversible controlled syntheses process in situ, object is not as derived from mixed liquor Medium well at while again constantly enter extraction agent solution in, keep mixed liquor in lower derivatives concentration, be conducive to original position Controlled syntheses reaction carries out complete.Consolidating for pretreated material is completed from the material to be decomposed for pre-processing facility or for separating The material to be decomposed of liquid/gas separator is transported in the reaction and separator, decompose and controlled syntheses in situ divide with derivative From anabolic process.Therefore, which is connected to the production equipment of the above-mentioned material to be decomposed of its upstream with separator；And it is connected to Be respectively used to allotment detergent solution decomposition, synthesis agent solution, the separatory solution of derivative (as extraction agent solution) mixed liquor at Part tuner.The method of synchronization or successively sequential manner, detergent solution decomposition, synthesis agent solution, the separatory solution of derivative is defeated Be sent in the reaction and separator, make reaction decompose with the material in separator react, controlled syntheses in situ react, and The derivative generated is set to realize separation.After completing the anabolic process, the derivative separated such as is layered liquid derivative Deng.Enter subsequent processing or regenerative process as the derivative of intermediate product or regenerative raw materials.In the reaction and separator Mixed liquor is converted into mixed liquor before the circulation of anabolic process generation.Generally there is remaining solid slag after material decomposition to generate, Solid slag is isolated in the reaction and separator, or is entered in subsequent solid-liquid separator and isolated solid slag.Above-mentioned circulation Preceding mixed liquor enters subsequent recycle and is processed or handled in facility, is converted into recyclable circulation solution.Cause This, which is connected to derivative process equipment or regenerator downstream with separator, and is connected to recycling and set downstream It applies.The reaction can also be arranged derivative above-mentioned with separator downstream and separate facility, in the reaction and separator The derivative (mixed liquor of the extractant and derivative that such as obtain) for realizing initial gross separation, carries out further depth separation.

After completing derivative separation process or completing the derivative separation process in anabolic process, it is derivative to typically result in solid-state Object or liquid derivative.When derivative is as product (end product or intermediate product), process is completed.It is needing to spreading out When biology is regenerated, derivative, which is transported in the derivates regeneration reactor of subsequent i.e. Downstream processing link, to be regenerated, and is obtained To the complete decomposition product regenerated and restore, such as hydrolysis sugar；Or the product of partial regeneration is obtained, such as the sugar derivatives of partial regeneration.

Process unit system is more for lighting processing biological or biomass grain slag or cellulosic polymer waste Sugar obtains the product of monosaccharide derivatives or oligosaccharide derivatives or polysaccharide derivates after hydrolysis sugar derivatives completes separation.Hydrolysis The monosaccharide or oligosaccharide of sugar or the derivative product category of polysaccharide include saccharide carboxylic acids ester, sugar ether, sugared cross-linking agent, hydrocarbylation sugar, acyl Change a kind or 2 kinds in the sugar derivatives such as sugar, sugared acetal compound, sugared hemiacetal compound, sugared ketal compound, sugared hemiketal compound or More kinds of or whole sugar derivatives products.Sugar derivatives product be liquid sugar derivatives product or solid-state sugar derivatives product or The solution product formed as sugar derivatives solute composition and solvent.Sugar derivatives solute composition in sugar derivatives solution product For a kind or two or more sugar derivatives.Solvent is the liquid object for including the types such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketone Matter.

After completing derivative separation process, derivative is separated from synthesis mixed liquor, and original synthesis mixed liquor is changed into mainly Mixed liquor containing ingredients such as catalyst, solvent, synthetics is solution before a kind of circulation.Solution, which is transported to, before recycling recycles It is handled or is separated in facility, form the circulation mixed liquor for reaching the condition of recycling, then return to correlated process (as divided Solution, controlled syntheses in situ, derivates regeneration etc.) it realizes and recycles.

Derivates regeneration reactor is to react fractionating column or reaction, extraction tower or stirred tank or collet heating stirring kettle or true The reactor apparatus of empty evaporator or the types such as heating evaporation device or heating in vacuum evaporator, or be the above-mentioned type regeneration reactor The combined regeneration reactor that the combination of some or all of equipment type equipment is constituted.Solid-state or liquid derivative are transported to regeneration Regenerative process is carried out in reactor, therefore, regeneration reactor is connected to the derivative separation facility of its upstream or obtains derivative Reaction and separator.Regeneration reactor is also connected to the mixed liquor composition tuner for deploying regenerant solution.Regenerant solution It is made of compositions such as regenerative agent, catalyst, solvents.Regenerant solution is transported in regeneration reactor, regenerates derivative Part regenerative process occurs for recuperation.

Derivates regeneration reactor is connected to the derivative separation facility of its upstream, and is connected to recycling and set downstream It applies.

Regeneration or partial regeneration are completed, obtains the regenerative mixed liquid of the product composition containing needs, derivative is reproduced recovery For the partial regeneration derivative that decomposition product or partial regeneration are decomposition product.Regenerative mixed liquid as product occasion (end product or The intermediate products of downstream deep processing), then complete process.It needs to separate regeneration product occasion from regenerative mixed liquid, utilize Double soluble constituent separators, low boiling point component separator etc. separate facility and carry out regeneration product separation.Complete regeneration product separation Regenerative mixed liquid be changed into mixed liquor before the circulation of regenerative mixed liquid, processed or handled using facility is recycled, reached To the condition of recyclable circulation solution.Therefore, regeneration reactor connection regeneration product separation equipment downstream, circulation Utilize facility.

Generally, it is designed by regenerative process, is different from regenerative mixed liquid and decomposes mixed liquor, synthesis mixed liquor, purify and mix The solution such as liquid, modulation mixed liquor are closed, so that regeneration product ratio is easier to separate from regenerative mixed liquid, before the circulation of regenerative mixed liquid Mixed liquor can relatively easily be converted into circulation solution.And it decomposes the decomposition product in the solution such as mixed liquor and is difficult to routine side Method separation.Under normal circumstances, catalyst concn is lower in regenerative mixed liquid, it might even be possible to not recycle.

The target of derivates regeneration generally makes derivative molecular remove or eliminate synthesis agent molecule or synthesis agent molecule knot The reaction of tile section, therefore regenerative response is typically also decomposition reaction.Regenerative response is generally the inverse of controlled syntheses reaction in situ Reaction or inverse process (such as catalyzing hydrolysis or catalytic decomposition).The derivative that complete regenerative process generates controlled syntheses process in situ Object molecule is restored to molecule (such as regenerated hydrolysis sugar) identical with decomposition product and synthesis agent molecule.

Derivates regeneration process is that derivative molecular removes oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups Or the process of the molecule of the groups such as boron-containing group or silicon-containing group, it is the back reaction process of decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process, Removing 1 or 2 or more molecule；For catalytic regeneration process or physical strengthening regenerative process, or for catalytic regeneration process with The compound action regenerative process of physical strengthening regenerative process.Compound action regenerative process be synchronous effect combination regeneration process or The combination regeneration process in turn acted on, or be the synchronous combination regeneration process with immixture successively.Catalytic derivative is again Raw process is that acidic materials are catalyzed or the catalytic regeneration process of alkaline matter catalysis or neutral substance catalysis, or for acidic materials with The catalytic process of neutral substance combination catalyst, or the catalytic process for alkaline matter and neutral substance combination catalyst.Physics Intensifying regenerating process is hot intensifying regenerating or electromagnetic wave intensifying regenerating or the side such as ultrasound wave intensifying regenerating or electromagnetic field intensifying regenerating The intensifying regenerating process of formula, or for some or all of above-mentioned physical strengthening regenerative process schedule of reinforcement combination physical strengthening again Raw process.The catalyst of regenerative process can be identical with the catalyst of the catalyst of controlled syntheses in situ or catalytic decomposition, can also With difference.

Derivates regeneration process is complete regenerative process or is partial regeneration process.Complete regenerative process restores derivative For decomposition product.Partial regeneration process is regenerative process not to be occurred for partial derivatives recovery, rest part derivative, or derive Part-structure in object molecule is restored, and rest part structure remains the original structure of derivative.Partial regeneration process is The regenerative process disposably completed or the step by step process in layered mode regenerative process.

The complete regenerative process of derivative be derivative molecular be totally removed oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or The molecule of the groups such as phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group is restored to the process of decomposition product, generates regeneration decomposition product.

Derivative partial regeneration process be derivative molecular partial removal oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or The molecular process of the groups such as phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group, the regenerated decomposition product derivative of generating portion.Still To the derivative of decomposition product, it is equivalent to the derivative that decomposition product completes partially synthetic process.

Derivates regeneration process is the regenerative process that 1 property is completed, or for 2 times or 3 times or 3 times or more more times (i.e. At least 2 times) complete layered regeneration process step by step.Different from the regenerative process that 1 property is completed, 2 times or 3 times or more times (i.e. At least 2 times) regenerative process completed be layered mode step by step regenerative process.Layered regeneration process step by step, be both derivative again Raw is the separation process of the process of decomposition product and different types of derivative, and actually regeneration link is to different decomposition The separation of product.The above-mentioned regenerative process several times successively carried out in one way, can be and carried out in a manner of same regeneration Layered mode step by step regenerative process.The regenerative process several times that above-mentioned alternating carries out in different ways, can be with not With the regenerative process for the layered mode step by step that regeneration carries out.

Derivates regeneration process is that (vacuum) carries out under the process or negative pressure that (pressurization) carries out under normal pressure process or pressure Process is constant voltage process or transformation process.(heating) reaction process under derivates regeneration process is normal-temperature reaction process or is heated Or the reaction process of (low temperature) of being cooled down, it is thermostatic process or alternating temperature process.

The regenerative process for the derivative that the acid catalyzed reaction of sugar derivatives or more structural body decomposition products generates is catalyzing hydrolysis Process.The catalyzing hydrolysis temperature of 5 carbon sugar derivatives controls within 150 DEG C, and the catalyzing hydrolysis temperature control of 6 carbon sugar derivatives exists Within 230 DEG C.It is stirred tank above-mentioned or the type equipments such as collet heating stirring kettle or evaporator that it, which hydrolyzes regeneration reactor,.Water Solution is regenerated as acid catalysis regeneration or base catalysis regeneration, converts regeneration sugar or part for the sugar derivatives that controlled syntheses in situ generate Regenerate sugar derivatives.Hydrolysis is regenerated as 1 property hydrolysis or 2 hydrolysis or more secondary hydrolytic process.For alkali catalyzed hydrolysis Alkali is liquid base or gas alkali or solid base.Acid for acid-catalyzed hydrolysis is inorganic acid or mixing inorganic acid or organic acid or mixed Close the mixed acid of organic acid or inorganic acid and organic acid.Sugar derivatives hydrolysis is regenerated as being fully hydrolyzed regeneration or partial hydrolysis again It is raw.Sufficiently regeneration obtains regeneration sugar product, and partial regeneration obtains the sugar derivatives product of appropriate transformation degree.

Sugar derivatives regenerative process is the mistake that sugar derivatives carries out complete catalyzing hydrolysis recuperation or partially catalyzed hydrolysis Journey.

The complete regenerative process of sugar derivatives is that complete catalyzing hydrolysis occurs for sugar derivatives, and controlled syntheses mistake in situ is totally removed The exonic structure or structure fragment that glycan molecule combines in journey, are restored to hydrolysis sugar, that is, generating regeneration sugar, (monosaccharide or oligosaccharide are more Sugar).

Sugar derivative moieties regenerative process is that part catalyzing hydrolysis, partial removal original position controlled syntheses mistake occur for sugar derivatives The exonic structure or structure fragment that glycan molecule combines in journey, generating portion regenerate sugar derivatives (monosaccharide or oligosaccharide or polysaccharide Derivative).

The layering step by step of sugar derivatives hydrolyzes regenerative process, and hydrolysis regeneration reactor is also stirred tank or collet above-mentioned The type equipments such as heating stirring kettle or evaporator.Hydrolysis is regenerated as acid-catalyzed hydrolysis regeneration or alkali catalyzed hydrolysis regeneration.Hydrolysis is again The hydrolytic process of the raw layered mode step by step for 2 times or 3 times or more secondary (i.e. at least 2 times).Alkali for alkali catalyzed hydrolysis is Liquid base or gas alkali or solid base.Acid for acid-catalyzed hydrolysis is inorganic acid or mixing inorganic acid or organic acid or is mixed with The mixed acid of machine acid or inorganic acid and organic acid.By adjusting the parameters such as temperature, acid concentration or pH value or condition, implementation divides step by step Layer hydrolysis regeneration.The multi_layer extraction that different sugar derivative products are realized from the hydrolysis regeneration complexity of product end, obtains difference The regeneration sugar or partial regeneration sugar derivatives product of structure or different components.Equally, the sugar derivatives hydrolysis temperature of hemicellulose Within 150 DEG C, the sugar derivatives hydrolysis temperature of cellulose is controlled within 230 DEG C for control.

The regeneration of the controlled syntheses in situ, sugar derivatives of hydrolysis sugar can be in the hydrolysis of biomass polysaccharides, mixed liquor It is carried out under acid catalysis.And the hydrolysis of the controlled syntheses and sugar derivatives in situ under acid catalysis is regenerated as reversible process.It is more The chemical property of sugar is its sour water solution or lighting, hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses, the regenerated process unit of sugar derivatives hydrolysis System has established theoretical basis.

About the separation of each component or composition in the molecular structure to solid feed, can by it is above-mentioned it is a variety of by Technical process or the anabolic process realization that stage layered mode carries out, hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step, difference dissolubility including decomposing link Solid-state and the separation of liquid decomposition product composition, the multi_layer extraction step by step of double dissolubility decomposition product compositions, controlled syntheses in situ The separation for being layered in situ controlled syntheses, different deliquescent solid-states and liquid derivative step by step of link, double soluble derivatives Multi_layer extraction, layered regeneration step by step of derivates regeneration link etc. step by step.Such as the hemicellulose, cellulose, wooden in biomass Plain three structural components, the different decomposition product obtained by hierarchicabstract decomposition step by step are layered what controlled syntheses in situ obtained step by step The different regeneration products that different derivatives, step by step layered regeneration obtain realize the separation of these three components, or realize each component Inside has the separation of the component of architectural difference or the decomposition product of component.

The reciprocal process of controlled syntheses process and regenerative process in situ includes esterification and hydrolyzes regeneration, transesterification and hydrolysis again Raw, crosslinking and hydrolysis regeneration, etherificate and hydrolysis regeneration, it is acylated with hydrolysis regeneration, it is ketalization with hydrolysis regeneration, acetalation and hydrolysis Regeneration, oxidation with reduction, replace with hydrolysis, dehydration with hydrolysis, condensation with hydrolysis, polymerize and depolymerization, polycondensation with hydrolyze regenerate etc..

After biomass sugar completes sour water solution, during the various acid catalyzed controlled syntheses in situ of hydrolysis sugar, esterification Process is reversible, and some etherification reaction processes are reversible, and there are also other a variety of synthetic reactions to be reversible, and isolates derivative It is easier to regenerate derivative after object.Some etherification procedures and some other reaction process are essentially irreversible procedure, generally Derivative is not regenerated, but the irreversible controlled syntheses reaction process in situ of combining target product selection, it will finally close Target product is used as at derivative (such as sugar derivatives).

The additional amount for the synthetics that controlled syntheses in situ react is carried out (such as theory with hydrolysis sugar by increasing to a certain extent 2~5 times of amount), reversible controlled syntheses in situ can be made to react to obtain the deeper sugar derivatives product of transforming degree.It is excessive Synthetics downstream recycle in facility recycle after, be recycled back into controlled syntheses reactor in situ and continue to participate in orientation in situ Synthetic reaction.

It can also be promoted by the way that some will be generated during controlled syntheses in situ in time or some products isolate mixed liquor Synthetic reaction is carried out towards the direction for generating sugar derivatives, as hydrolysis sugar esterification process in synchronous extraction sugar derivatives enter oily phase Or synchronous evaporation reduces moisture concentration.

After completing regeneration product separation, regeneration product is separated from regenerative mixed liquid, and former regenerative mixed liquid is changed into mainly Mixed liquor containing ingredients such as catalyst, solvent, regenerative agents is also solution before a kind of circulation.Solution is transported to circulation benefit before recycling With being handled or being separated in facility, the circulation mixed liquor for reaching the condition of recycling is formed, then returns to correlated process (as divided Solution, controlled syntheses in situ, derivates regeneration etc.) it realizes and recycles.

Process unit system is more for lighting processing biological or biomass grain slag or cellulosic polymer waste Sugar obtains the product of monosaccharide derivatives or oligosaccharide derivatives or polysaccharide derivates after hydrolysis sugar derivatives completes separation.Water The derivative product category of the monosaccharide or oligosaccharide or polysaccharide that solve sugar include saccharide carboxylic acids ester, sugar ether, sugared cross-linking agent, hydrocarbylation sugar, 1 kind or 2 kinds in the sugar derivatives such as acylated sugar, sugared acetal compound, sugared hemiacetal compound, sugared ketal compound, sugared hemiketal compound Or more or whole sugar derivatives products.Sugar derivatives product is liquid sugar derivatives product or solid-state sugar derivatives product Or the solution product formed as sugar derivatives solute composition and solvent.Sugar derivatives solute in sugar derivatives solution product at Part is a kind or two or more sugar derivatives.Solvent is the liquid object for including the types such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketone Matter.

Process unit system is more for lighting processing biological or biomass grain slag or cellulosic polymer waste Sugar, the partial regeneration sugar derivatives product for completing to obtain after the regeneration of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis sugar derivative moieties are monosaccharide derivatives or low Polysaccharid derivative or polysaccharide derivates product.The monosaccharide derivatives or oligosaccharide derivatives or polysaccharide derivates of partial regeneration are packet Include saccharide carboxylic acids ester, sugar ether, sugared cross-linking agent, hydrocarbylation sugar, acylated sugar, sugared acetal compound, sugared hemiacetal compound, sugared ketal compound, 1 kind in the sugar derivatives such as sugared hemiketal compound or two or more or whole sugar derivatives products.Partial regeneration sugar is derivative Produce product are liquid sugar derivatives product or are solid-state sugar derivatives product or are the solution that sugar derivatives solute and solvent are formed Product.Sugar derivatives solute composition in partial regeneration sugar derivatives solution product is a kind or two or more sugar derivatives.

Process unit system is more for lighting processing biological or biomass grain slag or cellulosic polymer waste Sugar completes the regeneration sugar product that obtains after acid-catalyzed hydrolysis sugar derivatives regenerate completely and is to include regeneration monosaccharide or regenerate oligosaccharide Or the regeneration sugar product some or all of in regenerated polysaccharides.Regeneration sugar product is liquid regeneration sugar product or is solid-state regeneration sugar Product or the solution product formed for the sugared solute of regeneration and solvent.Regenerating the regeneration sugar solute composition in sugar juice product is a kind Or two or more regeneration sugar.Solvent is the liquid for including the types such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketone.

The sugar derivatives that controlled syntheses in situ generate, can be the whole groups or certain group (such as hydroxyl in glycan molecule Base) it is fully finished the derivative of controlled syntheses in situ, so that hydrolysis sugar is esterified or is etherified completely completely or the sugar of acetalation completely Derivative；Or it is partially completed the derivative of controlled syntheses in situ, such as make hydrolysis sugar partial esterification or partial ethers or portion Divide the sugar derivatives of acetalation (hemiacetal).The sugar derivatives and partial regeneration sugar derivatives phase of part controlled syntheses in situ Seemingly.

Solution is to contain catalyst, reaction raw materials (such as distintegrant or synthetics after separating primary product composition before recycling Or regenerative agent etc.), the mixed liquor of the recyclable composition such as solvent, need to remove partial elements or adjustment (increasing or decreasing) portion Point component content or increase can just be circulated back to after new composition correlated process (as decomposed, controlled syntheses in situ, derivates regeneration, Pretreatment etc.) it is recycled.Solution includes solution, regeneration before the circulation for synthesizing mixed liquor after separating derivative before recycling Solution before the circulation of mixed liquor, impure extraction agent solution, impure detergent solution decomposition, contains impure solvent solution The solvent that regenerant solution, extractant and the distintegrant of impurity and mixed solution, evaporation or the fractional distillation process of synthetics obtain is molten Liquid etc..

Solution be to separate derivative product or regenerate to contain catalyst or solvent or synthetics after decomposition product product before recycling Or the mixed liquor of a kind in distintegrant or two or more or whole working medium and some impurity components.

Before recycling solution be completion some or all of solution composition separation allotment, removing or separated impurity at Part, the mixed liquor that reaches the condition of recycling, can loop back to former use process or recycled into other processes or but Component solution.

Recycling facility is by stratified liquid separator, double soluble constituent separators, low boiling point component separator, evaporation Device, crystallizing evaporator, freezing and crystallizing device, adsorption tower or absorber, desorption column or desorption device, solid-liquid separator, mixed liquor composition Equipment is constituted some or all of in the equipment such as tuner.The above-mentioned mixed liquor composition tuner is used for solution before Allocating Circle Or form the composition of the various solution before circulation solution.Above-mentioned composition recycles the separation equipment of facility, respectively accordingly It is recycled in preceding mixed liquor or as some or all of in the various solution before circulation solution for separating or removing or reduce Component content.Such as salt impurity can be removed using crystallizer.Mixed liquor completes the processing such as separation, removal of impurities, allotment or place before recycling After reason process, it is changed into recyclable circulation solution.Circulation solution can loop back in former use process or enter other It is recycled in the process.Realize the process of recycling.

The above-mentioned various equipment for recycling facility are the equipment shared with other processes, or to recycle sharp facility list The equipment being solely arranged.Recycle the derivates regeneration facility that facility is connected to its upstream；Communicating downstream is set using circulation solution It is standby, if synthetics circulation solution comes back for using in the equipment of controlled syntheses process in situ, distintegrant circulation solution return into It is used in the equipment of row decomposable process, extraction agent solution, which comes back for taking in the equipment of process, to be continued to use.

Recycle process for using recycle before solution or extractant recycle before facility recycles synthesis solution or its He be changed into circulation solution before various impure and working medium compositions circulations before solution process, remove or separate circulation The process of impurity composition in preceding solution.The process of recycling makes mixed liquor or other impure solution transformations before various circulations For reach the condition recycled circulation solution separate processes or anabolic process.Above-mentioned processing or separation process includes mixed Close liquid composition allocation process, double soluble constituent separation processes, stratified liquid separation process, the separation process of low boiling point composition, solid-liquid Process some or all of during separation process etc..

Recycling process is to be separated using stratified liquid separation process, double soluble constituent separation processes, low boiling point composition Process, evaporation process, evaporation and crystal process, refrigeration crystallization process, separation of solid and liquid process, adsorption process, desorption process, mixed liquor Impurity composition or tune before process some or all of during composition allocation process etc., removing or separation recycle in solution Impurity composition before recycling with solution compolision and removing before solution compolision before recycling or Allocating Circle or separation in solution, makes to follow Solution is changed into circulation solution before ring.Various circulation solutions return to former use process or other processes are recycled, and realize The various solution containing working medium such as catalyst, solvent, synthetics recycle.

Process is recycled using facility progress solvent is recycled, including the separation using low boiling point component separator Journey, the separation process of double soluble constituent separators, mixed liquor composition tuner the processes such as process separated or cleaned, Or solvent is carried out using the anabolic process of part or all processes in above-mentioned processing or treatment process and recycles process.

If having used solvent in the decomposable process of the materials such as biomass, such as physical strengthening decomposable process, mixed decomposing After product is separated in liquid or synthesis mixed liquor, remaining mixed liquor is generally mainly solvent.Distintegrant decomposable process can also Solvent can be used, will be decomposed after product separates in mixed liquor or synthesis mixed liquor, residual mixed liquor is generally mainly solvent With distintegrant or synthetics.In addition to this, since the biggish composition of dissolution properties gap (i.e. double soluble constituents) is generally double molten Separation in sexual element separation process (such as extraction process), the product in mixed liquor are often that dissolution properties are closer to but boiling point Lighter or heavier composition can be separated with mixed liquors such as fractionation, absorption at component separation.

It is such as biomass by hydrolyzation occasion, solid sugar derivatives, stratified liquid sugar derivatives, double dissolubilities in synthesis mixed liquor is sugared After derivative separation containing sour aqueous phase solution, be transmitted back to hydrolysis reactor and recycled, or with low boiling point component separator It is transmitted back in hydrolysis reactor and is recycled after separation low boiling point composition, realize the cycling and reutilization of acid catalyst.

If extractant recycles process, due to completing extractant after extracting and being extracted product formation mixed liquor, extraction Agent needs to separate with product therein, to obtain pure component product and Ke Xunhuanliyong extractant.Point of extractant and product Separation is realized from generally corresponding separation process is carried out using equipment such as low boiling point component separator, double soluble constituent separators, Extractant is separated in the mixed liquor where it, and obtains the former pure products being extracted.Extractant conveying and return extraction It is recycled during taking.Recycling for synthetics can also be carried out using similar process.

During using derivates regeneration product as product, the working medium such as extractant, solvent, synthetics all play processing or conversion Working medium effect, only enters in intermediate link product molecule, does not enter in final products molecule.Above-mentioned several working medium are in several correlations During repeat to process and recycle.

Such as with the regenerative process of composition and adsorbent in absorption resin adsorbent adsorption recovery mixed liquor, macroporous absorption The porosity adsorbent such as resin can be used for the separation of product in mixed liquor, it can also be used to catalyst or synthetics in mixed liquor etc. The separation of composition.The facilities and equipments of adsorption process are generally adsorption tower or adsorption column.It is desorbed after completing absorption, recycling passes through Adsorb the product or working medium composition separated from mixed liquor.I.e. by the anabolic process of absorption and desorption, realize in mixed liquor The recycling of composition can continue to recycle.Desorption process is actually also the regenerative process of adsorbent.Regeneration and absorption Generally carried out in the same facility or equipment.After completing adsorption process in the same facility, regenerative process is switched into.It is de- It is attached to regenerate obtained lye or the working medium solution such as acid solution or synthetics, it is recycled back into former use process or other processes is recycled It utilizes.Adsorbent after desorption and regeneration is also recycled.

The derivative or regeneration product or partial regeneration product that macroporous absorbent resin or other adsorbent adsorbing separations obtain Solution in, if there is micro acid, have micro acid as regenerated in sugar juice, removed with the neutralisation of limewash or calcium carbonate It goes, or is removed with activated carbon adsorption, obtain the solution of purer regeneration product or partial regeneration product.

Above-mentioned uses among apparatus system implementing process system, after completing decomposable process, carries out decomposition product and orients in situ Multiple processes such as synthesis, derivative separation, derivates regeneration or partial regeneration can be with since the controlled syntheses of decomposition product original position Form cyclic process.The cyclic process can carry out 1 circulation, can also carry out 2 or more circulations, to improve finally again Produce the purity of the product of object or partial regeneration.

The process system and device that constitute are combined by more mature, common chemistry and chemical engineering process and its equipment by above-mentioned System, implement to decompose or step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition, controlled syntheses in situ or be layered step by step controlled syntheses in situ, derivative separation or by The separation of stage layered derivative, derivates regeneration or processes such as layered regeneration step by step.Especially play room temperature or other preference temperatures The advantage (yield, purity, concentration including decomposition product etc.) of the decomposable process of lower progress, and implement and decomposing mixed liquor or pure Change mixed liquor or modulate the controlled syntheses process in mixed liquor in a manner of in situ, makes biomass or other more structural body materials normal Decomposition product after decomposing under temperature or other preference temperatures is converted into the derivative for being easier to separate with mixed liquor.Then using relatively conventional Method, equipment separate derivative with mixed liquor, obtain the derivative of controlled syntheses in situ.Or it is produced derivative as target Product, or derivative is obtained into the product of regeneration product or partial regeneration product through regenerative process.Both realized heavy macromolecular or The lighting of the biomass of supramolecular or other more structural body materials, and solve decomposition product and be difficult to mixed liquor with conventional The problem of method separates, and the superiority that more structural body materials decompose under room temperature or other preference temperatures has been played, and realize The various working medium such as catalyst, distintegrant, synthetics, regenerative agent, solvent or material recycle.Each technical process compared at Ripe, the high reliablity of process system and apparatus system is at low cost, is easier to implement.

Process unit system is used for biomass polysaccharides sour water solution occasion, and under room temperature or other preference temperatures, use is denseer, relatively strong Acid or mixed acid carry out sour water solution, high income, the concentration of the hydrolysis sugar in hydrolysis mixture is high, purity is high, is conducive to obtain The regeneration sugar or sugar derivatives product of better quality.There are hydroxyl, aldehyde carbonyl groups or ketone carbonyl abundant, amino in biomass sugar structure Isoreactivity group, both made hydrolysis sugar it is soluble easily in water in, it is difficult to directly hydrolysis sugar is separated from containing sour hydrolysis mixture, But these active groups are also that many controlled syntheses in situ reactions create condition, and can use these active groups and are determined To in the chemical synthesis of target product.Not only target product was converted by hydrolysis sugar, but also converts hydrolysis sugar to and is easier to mix with hydrolysis The solid of liquid separation or the sugar derivatives of oil-soluble or double dissolubilities are closed, for sugar derivatives is created item with containing sour aqueous phase separation Part realizes the separation of hydrolysis sugar and the phase containing sour water by separation sugar derivatives.Solves the separation problem of hydrolysis sugar and acid, again Sugar derivatives is arrived.The many reactions of hydrolysis sugar or sugar derivatives under acid catalysis are reversible, including alcoholic extract hydroxyl group or glycosides hydroxyl Esterification and hydrolysis, alcoholic extract hydroxyl group or glycosides hydroxyl etherificate and hydrolysis, alcoholic extract hydroxyl group or glycosides hydroxyl and aldehydes or ketones carbonyl acetalation with The processes such as hydrolysis, the acetalation of glycosides hydroxyl and alcohol and hydrolysis.Therefore, for regulate and control hydrolysis sugar controlled syntheses conversion level in situ or The regeneration level of sugar derivatives creates condition and provides flexibility.I.e. in situ controlled syntheses conversion or derivates regeneration mistake Cheng Zhong, can by regulate and control relevant parameter, sufficiently converted or Partial Conversion, sufficiently regeneration or partial regeneration sugar derivatives. In this way, playing biomass sugar acid catalysis water under room temperature or other preference temperatures using above-mentioned process system and apparatus system The superiority of solution obtains the hydrolysis sugar liquid of high yield, high-purity, high concentration, is separated by controlled syntheses in situ and derivative The separation problem of journey solution hydrolysis sugar；Then suitable synthetics or synthesis conversion level or regeneration level are designed and selected, are obtained To regeneration sugar or sugar derivatives target product.

Process unit system for lighting processing biological or the poor slag of biomass, close by the orientation in situ for obtaining decomposition product At derivative, the decomposition product that restores of the derivative of partial regeneration, derivates regeneration.The derivative product or partial regeneration of acquisition Derivative product include monosaccharide derivatives, oligosaccharide derivatives, polysaccharide (polysaccharide shorter than the chain of polysaccharide in raw material) derivative, Nucleotide derivative, amino acid derivativges, polypeptide derivative, unitary 01 derivatives, alkylene glycol deriv, polyol derivative, The derivative of aldehyde, the derivative of ketone, ether derivant, carboxylic acid derivates, substituted carboxylic acid derivative, amphyl, substituted phenol are derivative 1 kind in the derivatives products such as object, polyphenol derivatives, acylate derivative or two or more or whole derivative products Product；The regeneration decomposition product product that the derivates regeneration of acquisition restores includes regeneration monosaccharide, regeneration oligosaccharide, regenerated polysaccharides (ratio The shorter polysaccharide of the chain of polysaccharide in raw material), regeneration nucleotide, regeneration amino acid, regeneration polypeptide, regeneration monohydric alcohol, regeneration binary Alcohol, regenerating polyol, regeneration aldehyde, regeneration ketone, regeneration ether, regeneration carboxylic acid, regeneration substituted carboxylic acid, regeneration phenol, regeneration substituted phenol, again 1 kind in the regeneration decomposition product products such as raw polyphenol, regeneration acylate or two or more or whole regeneration decomposition product products.

The derivative product or partial regeneration derivative product of acquisition are liquid derivative product or are the derivative produce of solid-state Product or the solution product formed for derivative solute and solvent.The derivative solute composition contained in solution product is a kind or 2 Kind or more derivative product composition.Solvent is the liquid for including the types such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketone.

The regeneration decomposition product product of acquisition is liquid regeneration decomposition product product or is that solid-state regenerates decomposition product product or is Regenerate the solution product that decomposition product solute and solvent are formed.The regeneration decomposition product solute composition contained in solution be a kind or 2 kinds or More kinds of regeneration decomposition product product compositions.Solvent is the liquid for including the types such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketone.

It needs to remove most hemicellulose in pulping and papermaking processes, both wastes valuable source, and produce more Black liquid.Increase the decomposition of hemicellulose in pulping and papermaking processes and recycle process, first progress hemicellulose The processes such as acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, controlled syntheses in situ, sugar derivatives separation and hydrolysis regeneration, i.e., by structural body Physical Processing Preprocessing process of the process system as pulping and paper-making raw material, for converting and separating the hemicellulose in pulping and paper-making raw material, Obtain hydrolysis sugar derivatives or regeneration sugar.The consumption of the chemicals goods and materials such as alkali caused by processing hemicellulose can be not only saved, The cost of pulping and paper-making is reduced, and the black liquor amount of alkali process generation can be significantly reduced, and the sugar money of recyclable hemicellulose Source and production are largely compared with the regeneration sugar or sugar derivatives product of the hemicellulose of high added value.It is stripped of hemicellulose, not only may be used The amount of black liquor is reduced, and the viscosity of black liquor can be reduced, subtracts black liquor thick, is conducive to the concentration of black liquor and sinking for alkali lignin Drop.The industry size of pulping and paper-making is very big, in conjunction with above-mentioned process system and apparatus system, can recycle a large amount of hemicellulose The hydrolysis sugar of element or the hydrolysis sugar derivatives product of a large amount of hemicellulose of production, both improve and alleviate the ring of pulping and papermaking processes Guarantor's problem, and improve benefit.By the apparatus system implementing process system of process unit system, preprocessing or pretreatment slurrying are made Hemicellulose in the plant material structure of paper, the product of acquisition with it is aforementioned similar because pulping and paper-making plant material is also made a living Substance.The derivative of the decomposition product of acquisition or the derivative of partial regeneration include monosaccharide derivatives, oligosaccharide derivatives, polysaccharide (polysaccharide shorter than the chain of polysaccharide in raw material) spreads out；The derivative of derivative or partial regeneration is liquid or solid matter Or the Matter Composition of dissolution in a solvent；The decomposition product that derivates regeneration restores is more including regeneration monosaccharide, regeneration oligosaccharide, regeneration The regeneration sugar such as sugar.

The stock number of natural biomass and other more structural body substances is huge, by mature chemistry and chemical engineering process and its equipment into Row it is appropriately combined and application, the process system and apparatus system of formation process apparatus system, for make plant, animal, microorganism, More structural body substances such as poor slag, macromolecule or the polymer waste of biomass, lignite, peat realize lightings, by more structures Body material conversion is simultaneously separated into the derivative of decomposition product or the regeneration product of derivative, with very extensive application potential and Prospect.The derivative product of pentose, the monosaccharide of hexose or oligosaccharide or short chain polysaccharides or various sugar, including sugar ester, sugar ether, The acetal of sugar replaces sugar, furfural and its derivative, saccharic acid etc., wide range of applications, including surfactant, diminishing Agent, additive, biological products, biochemical fermentation raw material, industrial chemicals, performance chemicals, functional material, energy products etc..Plant Or after the poor slag of biomass separates or deviate from cellulose and hemicellulose, the enrichment that lignin has obtained is also beneficial to wooden The further deep processing and utilization of element.Therefore, above-mentioned process system and apparatus system can greatly promote nature biotechnology matter Value；For processing agricultural crop straw, environmental issue caused by burning stalk can be solved or be relieved, is of great significance.

Process unit system obtains decomposition product for lighting processing lignite or peat or lignin or lignin waste The derivative of controlled syntheses in situ, the derivative of partial regeneration, derivates regeneration restore decomposition product.The decomposition product of acquisition spreads out Biological product or partial regeneration derivative product be include that fulvic acid derivative, brown rot acid derivative, humic acid (humic acid) spread out Biology, unitary 01 derivatives, alkylene glycol deriv, polyol derivative, the derivative of aldehyde, the derivative of ketone, ether derivant, carboxylic Acid derivative, polycarboxylic acid derivative, substituted carboxylic acid derivative, amphyl, substituted phenol derivatives, polyphenol derivatives etc. are derivative 1 kind in produce product or two or more or whole derivative products.The regeneration decomposition product that the derivates regeneration of acquisition restores Product be include regenerated xanthohumic acid, regeneration brown rot acid, regenerated humus acid, regeneration monohydric alcohol, regenerate dihydric alcohol, regenerating polyol, Regenerate aldehyde, regeneration ketone, regeneration ether, regeneration carboxylic acid, regeneration polybasic carboxylic acid, regeneration substituted carboxylic acid, regeneration phenol, regeneration substituted phenol, again 1 kind in the regeneration decomposition product product such as raw polyphenol or two or more or whole regeneration decomposition product products.

The derivative product of acquisition or the derivative product of partial regeneration are liquid derivative product or are solid-state derivative Product or the solution product formed for derivative solute and solvent.The derivative solute composition contained in solution product be a kind or Two or more derivative product compositions.Solvent is the liquid object for including the types such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketone Matter.

The regeneration decomposition product product of acquisition is liquid regeneration decomposition product product or is that solid-state regenerates decomposition product product or is Regenerate the solution product that decomposition product solute and solvent are formed.The regeneration decomposition product solute composition contained in solution be a kind or 2 kinds or More kinds of regeneration decomposition product product compositions.Solvent is the liquid for including the types such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketone.

Process unit system is used for lighting processing of cellulose class polymer substance waste, master in cellulosic waste Wanting effective ingredient is polysaccharide；The sugar derivatives or partial regeneration sugar derivatives of acquisition be include that monosaccharide derivatives, oligosaccharide are derivative Sugar derivatives product some or all of in the products such as object, polysaccharide (polysaccharide shorter than the chain of polysaccharide in raw material) derivative； The regeneration hydrolysis sugar product of the sugar derivatives regenerative recovery of acquisition is to include regeneration monosaccharide, regeneration oligosaccharide, regenerated polysaccharides (than former The shorter polysaccharide of the chain of polysaccharide in material) etc. regeneration sugar product in some or all of regeneration sugar product.

Process unit system be used for lighting processed polyesters class high molecular waste material, the decomposition product derivative product of acquisition or Partial regeneration derivative product be include dicarboxylic acids (such as succinic acid, terephthalic acid (TPA)) derivative, substituted carboxylic acid derivative, 1 kind in the products such as alkylene glycol deriv, polyol derivative, oligomeric polyester derivative or two or more or whole spread out Biological product；The regeneration decomposition product product that the derivates regeneration of acquisition restores be include regeneration dicarboxylic acids, regeneration substituted carboxylic acid, Regenerate dihydric alcohol, regenerating polyol, a kind in the regeneration regeneration decomposition product product such as oligomeric polyester or two or more or all Regeneration decomposition product product.

Process unit system is used for lighting machined polyurethane class high molecular waste material, the decomposition product derivative product of acquisition Or it includes isocyanate derivates, alkylene glycol deriv, polyol derivative, polyethers, polyethers that partial regeneration derivative product, which is, 1 kind in the products such as derivative, oligomeric urethane derivative or two or more or whole derivative products；What is obtained spreads out The regeneration decomposition product product that bio-regeneration restores be include regeneration isocyanates, regeneration dihydric alcohol, regenerating polyol, polyethers, again Produce are decomposed in a kind in the regeneration decomposition product products such as raw polyethers, regeneration oligomeric urethane or two or more or whole regeneration Product.

Process unit system processes polyamide-based high molecular waste material, the derivative product of acquisition or part for lighting Regenerating derivative product to be includes dicarboxylic acids (such as adipic acid) derivative, diamines (such as hexamethylene diamine) derivative, lactams 1 kind in the products such as derivative, acylate derivative, oligomeric polyamide derivative or two or more or whole derivatives Product；The regeneration decomposition product product that the derivates regeneration of acquisition restores be include that regeneration dicarboxylic acids, regeneration diamines, regeneration replace 1 kind in the products such as carboxylic acid, the oligomeric polyamide of regeneration or two or more or whole regeneration decomposition product products.

Process unit system for lighting process polyformaldehyde high molecular waste material, the decomposition product derivative product of acquisition or Partial regeneration derivative product be include that formaldehyde derivatives (acetal, hemiacetal etc.), poly (oligomeric) formaldehyde derivatives, polyethers spread out 1 kind in the products such as biology or two or more or whole derivative products；The derivates regeneration of acquisition restores estranged again Solving produce product to be includes a kind or 2 regenerated in the regeneration decomposition product products such as formaldehyde, regeneration poly (oligomeric) formaldehyde, regeneration polyethers Kind or more or whole regeneration decomposition product products.

Process unit system processes polycarbonate high molecular waste material, the decomposition product derivative product of acquisition for lighting Or partial regeneration derivative product is bisphenol-a derivative and oligomeric polycarbonate derivative product；The derivates regeneration of acquisition is multiple Former regeneration decomposition product product is regeneration bisphenol-A product and regeneration oligomeric polycarbonate product.

Process unit system is used for lighting processing biological or biomass grain slag, the hydrolysis of biomass or biomass grain slag The derivative of object obtains hydrolysate derivative products after completing separation, and derivative partial regeneration obtains partial regeneration derivative.Water It solves object derivative or partial regeneration derivative product includes monosaccharide derivatives or oligosaccharide derivatives or polysaccharide derivates or polypeptide Derivative or amino acid derivativges or carboxylic acid derivates or 01 derivatives or aldehyde derivatives or ketone derivatives or ether derivant or phenol Derivative or aldose acid derivant or uronic acid derivative or alcaloid-derivatives or nucleoside derivates or ester derivant or acylation The derivative product of object, or be 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more or whole of derivative product in these above-mentioned derivative products. Sugar derivatives product be saccharide carboxylic acids ester, sugar ether, sugared cross-linking agent, hydrocarbylation sugar, acylated sugar, sugared acetal compound, sugared hemiacetal compound, 1 kind in the sugar derivatives products such as sugared ketal compound, sugared hemiketal compound or two or more or whole sugar derivatives produce Product.Derivative product is liquid sugar derivatives product or is solid-state sugar derivatives product or is that sugar derivatives solute is formed with solvent Solution product.Sugar derivatives solute composition in sugar derivatives solution product is a kind or two or more sugar derivatives.

Process unit system completes part again for lighting processing biological or the polysaccharide of biomass grain slag, sugar derivatives Partial regeneration sugar derivatives product (monosaccharide derivatives product or oligosaccharide derivatives product or polysaccharide derivates product are obtained after life In some or all of product).Partial regeneration sugar derivatives product includes saccharide carboxylic acids ester, sugar ether, sugared cross-linking agent, hydrocarbylation 1 kind or 2 in the sugar derivatives such as sugar, acylated sugar, sugared acetal compound, sugared hemiacetal compound, sugared ketal compound, sugared hemiketal compound Kind or more or whole sugar derivatives products.Sugar derivatives product or partial regeneration sugar derivatives product are derivative for liquid sugar Produce product or solid-state sugar derivatives product or the solution product formed for sugar derivatives solute and solvent.Partial regeneration sugar derivatives Sugar derivatives solute composition in solution product is a kind or two or more sugar derivatives.

Process unit system completes sugar derivatives completely again for lighting processing biological or the polysaccharide of biomass grain slag Regeneration sugar product is obtained after life, regenerating sugar product to be includes regenerating monosaccharide or regeneration oligosaccharide or the part or complete in regenerated polysaccharides The regeneration sugar product in portion.Regeneration sugar product be liquid regeneration sugar product or be solid-state regeneration sugar product or be regenerate sugared solute with it is molten Dosage form at solution product.Regenerating and regenerating sugared solute composition in sugar juice product is a kind or two or more regeneration sugar.

Process unit system is used for lighting processing biological or biomass grain slag, completes decomposition product derivative and regenerates completely The regeneration decomposition product product of regenerative recovery is obtained afterwards.Regeneration decomposition product product be include monosaccharide or oligosaccharide or polysaccharide or polypeptide or Amino acid or carboxylic acid or alcohol or aldehydes or ketones or ether or phenol or glycuronic acid or uronic acid or ester or acylate etc. regenerate decomposition product product, It or is 2 kinds or 3 kinds or more or whole of regeneration decomposition product product in these above-mentioned regeneration decomposition product products.Regeneration is decomposed Produce product are liquid regeneration decomposition product product or solid-state regeneration decomposition product product or are that regeneration decomposition product solute and solvent are formed Solution product.Regenerating the regeneration decomposition product solute composition in decomposition product solution product is a kind or two or more regeneration decomposition Object.

More structural body materials, it is complete as contained different macromolecule compositions or different macromolecular structure segments in high molecular waste material Corresponding derivative product, regeneration decomposition product product are obtained at lighting process.The product category obtained at this time is also more.

Since more structural body physical resources such as biomass and its poor slag are abundant, widely distributed, total resources is very big, and very much More structural body molecules are planted in the characteristic of structure and properties, so that they are easier to decompose.With several mature chemical processes and its Corresponding equipment is combined application, especially implement it is dense it is acid catalyzed the decomposable processes such as hydrolyze, under room temperature or other preference temperatures Low energy consumption, high conversion rate, and selectivity is good, and product quality is high, easily implements, and high reliablity is at low cost.It is filled by above-mentioned technique The process system and apparatus system for setting system, solve the decomposition products such as the hydrolysis sugar that not can effectively solve for a long time and contain compared with concentrated acid etc. The separation problem of the mixed liquor of catalyst, the concentrated acid catalyzing hydrolysis etc. that can be played under room temperature or other preference temperatures decomposed The above-mentioned advantage of journey.It is expected to realizing more structural body materials of a variety of heavys into lighting processing and conversion, obtains these more knots The derivative of the relatively small molecule decomposition product of the types such as monomer, intermediate, the oligomer of structure body substance, hence it is evident that it is huge to promote stock number The more structural body materials of a variety of low values or waste value, so that the more structural body materials of many kinds of low values or waste is realized high level Recycling, and solve or be relieved many fields waste generate it is larger environmental protection the problems such as.Simultaneously realize catalyst and Various working medium circulations utilize, and realize green and clean manufacturing and circular economy.Derivative can carry out partial regeneration, can also carry out Regeneration completely, is restored to decomposition product and synthetics for derivative.Therefore, the lighting process of more structural body materials can obtain greatly The important chemicals such as the monomer of amount, intermediate, regeneration sugar, oligomer promote biomass and its grain slag, high molecular waste material, brown The value of a variety of low value resources such as coal.Process system is widely used, and can be applied to biomass refining, biological products, food, health care Product, medicine, biochemical industry, industrial chemicals, basic chemical, fine chemical product, performance chemicals, functional material, derived energy chemical The various fields such as product.Therefore, the controlled syntheses in situ of more structural body material decomposition products of the modes such as biomass acid hydrolysis with again Process system that the is raw and processes such as recycling is expected to become the engineering technology platform compared with universality, has wide application latent The various aspects such as power, economic value and circular economy, ecological, environmental protective are of great significance.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 be with pulping and papermaking processes ining conjunction with by pretreatment, step by step layering hydrolysis, be separated by solid-liquid separation, original position lactate synthesis, Extraction, the separation of extraction sugar derivatives solution, sugar derivatives hydrolysis regeneration, solvent and esterifying agent such as recycle at the life of processes composition The process system schematic diagram of substance polysaccharide lighting processing

Fig. 2 is synthesized for etherificate in situ is fully hydrolyzed, is separated by solid-liquid separation, be layered step by step by pretreatment, acid catalysis, extracts, is extracted The separation of sugar derivatives solution, sugar derivatives hydrolysis regeneration, solvent and etherifying agent such as recycle at the biomass polysaccharides of processes composition The process system schematic diagram of lighting processing

Fig. 3 be fully hydrolyzed, be separated by solid-liquid separation by pretreatment, acid catalysis, sufficiently lactate synthesis, extraction, sugar derivatives in situ It is fully hydrolyzed regeneration or layering hydrolysis regeneration, solvent and esterifying agent recycles, adsorbs the processes such as resin adsorption and regeneration step by step The process system of the biomass polysaccharides lighting processing of composition shows schematic diagram

Fig. 4 is by layer preprocessing step by step, is layered acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, separation of solid and liquid, sufficiently lactate synthesis in situ, extraction step by step It takes, sugar derivatives is fully hydrolyzed regeneration or layering hydrolysis regeneration, solvent and esterifying agent recycling, absorption resin adsorption and regeneration step by step The biomass polysaccharides lighting processing for the processes composition such as recycling process system schematic diagram

Fig. 5 is by pretreatment, the synchronous esterification in situ of layering step by step of acid catalysis and hydrolysis and extraction and separation, separation of solid and liquid, sugar Derivative is fully hydrolyzed the process system schematic diagram of the biomass polysaccharides lighting processing of the processes such as regeneration, acid-base neutralization composition

Fig. 6 is by pretreatment, the synchronous hydrolysis of layering step by step of acid catalysis and lactate synthesis in situ and extraction and separation, solid-liquid point Regeneration, absorption resin adsorption are fully hydrolyzed from, sugar derivatives and regenerated the biomass polysaccharides that processes combine such as to recycle light The process system schematic diagram of matterization processing

Fig. 7 is by pretreatment, is layered acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, separation of solid and liquid, synthesizing with alcohol addition in situ, extraction, extraction step by step The biomass for taking the separation of sugar derivatives solution, sugar derivatives hydrolysis regeneration, solvent and etherifying agent the processes composition such as to recycle is more The process system schematic diagram of sugared lighting processing

Fig. 8 is by pretreatment, is layered acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, separation of solid and liquid, acetal in situ step by step and is combined to, extracts, extracts sugar The biomass polysaccharides that derivative solution separation, sugar derivatives hydrolysis regeneration, solvent and aldehydes or ketones such as recycle at the processes composition are light The process system schematic diagram of matterization processing

Fig. 9 be by layer preprocessing step by step, step by step be layered acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, separation of solid and liquid, controlled syntheses in situ, extraction, Sugar derivatives is fully hydrolyzed regeneration or partial hydrolysis regeneration, solvent and synthetics recycle, adsorb resin adsorption with it is regenerated The process system schematic diagram of the biomass polysaccharides lighting processing of processes composition such as recycle

Figure 10 be fully hydrolyzed, be separated by solid-liquid separation by pretreatment, acid catalysis, be layered controlled syntheses in situ step by step, extraction, sugar spread out Biology is fully hydrolyzed regeneration or partial hydrolysis regeneration, solvent and synthetics recycle, adsorb resin adsorption and regenerated circulation The schematic diagram of the process system of the biomass polysaccharides lighting processing of processes composition such as utilize

Specific embodiment

As shown in aforementioned and attached drawing 1-10, the controlled syntheses process in situ of target component in a kind of mixed liquor, to mix The mode carried out in situ in liquid, the catalytic process through non-catalytic process or in mixed liquor under catalyst action, by mixed liquor In some or all of subject component be converted into its solid-state derivative or be layered liquid derivative or double dissolubilities with mixed liquor 1 class or 2 classes or whole 3 analog derivatives in derivative；Catalyst during the catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses is mixed liquor In original catalyst, or the catalyst to be newly added into mixed liquor, or for by catalyst original in mixed liquor and it is new plus The catalyst that the catalyst component entered into mixed liquor collectively forms；Catalyst is that acidic materials catalyst or alkaline matter are catalyzed Agent or neutral substance catalyst；Target component in the mixed liquor is that more structural bodies carry out decomposable process generation in mixed liquor Decomposition product molecule or in mixed liquor carry out the generation of chemical combination process compound molecule or carry out being condensed in mixed liquor The condensation product molecule of Cheng Shengcheng or in mixed liquor carry out polymerization process generation polymer molecule or leaching process enter it is molten The extract molecule or course of dissolution that leaching object molecule or extraction process in liquid enter in solvent liquid enter solvent liquid In dissolved matter molecule or absorption process enter at least one kind of molecule in the absorbent molecule in solution；The target component Controlled syntheses process in situ is the process individually carried out, or the controlled syntheses process in situ to carry out in anabolic process；It combined Journey is the anabolic process for successively carrying out the anabolic process of each process, or being synchronous progress at least two process.

The mixed liquor is that more structural bodies are processed the decomposition mixed liquor to be formed or purifying mixed liquor or modulation mixed liquor or divided Mixture is solved, or is the mixed liquor of chemical combination process, or be the mixed liquor of condensation course, or be the mixed liquor of polymerization process, or be The mixed liquor of leaching process, or be the mixed liquor of extraction process, or be the mixed liquor of course of dissolution, or the mixing for absorption process Liquid；More structural bodies include the more structural bodies of polysaccharide, protein, biomass, biomass grain slag, lignite, lignin, lignin It is waste, waste polyester sort materials, polyurethanes waste, polyamide-based waste, polyethers waste, polycarbonate-based discarded Object, polyformaldehyde waste.

As shown in aforementioned and attached drawing 1-10, a kind of technique system for the more structural bodies processing being made of controlled syntheses process in situ System, mainly by the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product, derivative separation process, derivates regeneration process, recycle process Combination is constituted；The controlled syntheses process in situ of the decomposition product is, in decomposing mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or to modulate The individually mode of controlled syntheses process in situ is carried out in mixed liquor or in decomposition of the mixture in situ or carries out controlled syntheses in situ With the mode of the controlled syntheses process in situ in the anabolic process of decomposition or progress controlled syntheses in situ and decomposition and derivative point From anabolic process in controlled syntheses process in situ mode, carry out the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product；Orientation in situ Synthesis process is catalytic process or non-catalytic process, and catalyst is acidic catalyst or basic catalyst or neutral catalyst；It urges Change controlled syntheses process in situ using the former decomposition catalyst in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture as original position controlled syntheses catalyst, Or the catalyst to be newly added into above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture is as the catalyst of controlled syntheses in situ or with above-mentioned mixing The catalyst that former decomposition catalyst in liquid or mixture is collectively formed with the catalyst component being newly added is closed as orientation in situ At catalyst；Controlled syntheses process in situ is in modulation mixed liquor or to purify in mixed liquor or decompose in mixed liquor or decompose mixed It closes and directed chemical synthesis process in situ occurs between the decomposition product molecule in object or in modulation mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor Decompose in mixed liquor or the decomposition product molecule in decomposition of the mixture and at least 1 time or be added continuously between synthesis agent molecule into Row original position controlled syntheses process is the synchronous reaction occurred between above-mentioned decomposition product molecule and decomposition product molecule and synthetics point The combination original position controlled syntheses reaction process of reaction between son, makes in above-mentioned mixed liquor or some or all of in mixture Decomposition product target component is converted into 1 analog derivative or 2 in layering liquid derivative or double soluble derivatives or solid-state derivative Analog derivative or all 3 analog derivatives；The controlled syntheses process in situ of the decomposition product is the process individually carried out, or is combination The controlled syntheses process in situ carried out in the process；The anabolic process be successively carry out the anabolic process of each process, or for synchronize Carry out the anabolic process of at least two process；The derivative separation process is double soluble constituent separation processes or stratified liquid point From process or separation of solid and liquid process；The derivates regeneration process is that derivative molecular removes oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or contains The process of the molecule of methylthio group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；The process that recycles is using layering liquid Body separation process, double soluble constituent separation processes, the separation process of low boiling point composition, evaporation process, evaporation and crystal process, freezing knot Brilliant process, adsorption process, desorption process, separation of solid and liquid process, the process some or all of in mixed liquor composition allocation process, Before removing or separation recycle before impurity composition or Allocating Circle in solution before solution compolision or Allocating Circle solution compolision and Impurity composition before removing or separation recycle in solution makes solution before recycling be changed into circulation solution；Circulation solution, which returns to original, to be made It is recycled with process or other processes.

More structural bodies include the more structural bodies of polysaccharide, protein, biomass, biomass grain slag, lignite, lignin, wood Quality class waste, waste polyester sort materials, polyurethanes waste, polyamide-based waste, polyethers waste, polycarbonate Class waste, polyformaldehyde waste；The more structural bodies of polysaccharide include cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, chitin, microorganism Polysaccharide, natural plant gum, levulan, algal polysaccharides, biomass, biomass grain slag, cellulosic waste.

The apparatus system that the process system is implemented mainly separates facility by controlled syntheses reactor in situ, derivative, spreads out Bio-regeneration reactor recycles facility composition, and the process system and apparatus system form more structural body material lightings The process unit system of processing；Described device system includes decomposing the decomposition reactor of more structural bodies, carrying out controlled syntheses in situ The controlled syntheses reactor in situ of process, the combined reactor for carrying out controlled syntheses process in situ and more structural body decomposable processes, It is oriented for derivative separation facility, progress derivative separation process and the more structural body decomposable processes of derivative separation and original position The composite reaction and separator of the anabolic process of synthesis process, the group for carrying out derivative separation process and controlled syntheses process in situ Before the composite reaction and separator of conjunction process, the derivates regeneration reactor for carrying out derivates regeneration process, the circulation containing working medium Solution realizes some or all of recycling in facility of recycling equipment；Decomposition product in the mixed liquor of described device system The controlled syntheses reactor in situ of controlled syntheses process in situ is individual controlled syntheses reactor in situ or controlled syntheses in situ Reaction is reacted and the decomposition of more structural bodies and derivative point with the combined reactor of more structural body decomposition reactions or controlled syntheses in situ From anabolic process composite reaction and separator or the composite reaction of anabolic process that is separated with derivative of controlled syntheses in situ It will for carrying out the controlled syntheses process in situ in individually controlled syntheses reaction process or anabolic process in situ with separator Subject component is to decompose mixed liquor or purify mixed liquor or modulate mixed liquor or the part or complete in decomposition of the mixture in mixed liquor The decomposition product target component in portion is oriented synthetic reaction in a manner of in situ and is converted into derivative；The original position controlled syntheses reaction Device decomposes the combination separated with controlled syntheses in situ with derivative with the combined reactor of controlled syntheses in situ or decomposition The composite reaction for the anabolic process that the composite reaction of journey and separator or controlled syntheses in situ are separated with derivative is with separator Stirred tank or collet heating stirring kettle or cold boiler or heating evaporation device or heating in vacuum evaporator or crystallizer or sedimentation Device or tubular reactor or reaction fractionating column or reaction, extraction tower type equipment, or for above equipment type some types or The unit equipment that the combination of all types equipment is constituted.

The process system processes the embodiment of more structural body materials for lighting and process includes: to complete pretreatment More structural body materials in individual decomposable process or decomposing and the decomposable process in the anabolic process of controlled syntheses in situ In or in decomposing the decomposable process in the anabolic process separated with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative progress lighting decomposition Process generates the decomposition of the mixture containing decomposition product；With decompose mixed liquor in or purifying mixed liquor in or modulation mixed liquor in or The individually mode of controlled syntheses process in situ is carried out in decomposition of the mixture or in situ with the combination of controlled syntheses in situ and decomposition In the mode of controlled syntheses process in situ in the process or the anabolic process separated with decomposition and derivative with controlled syntheses in situ Controlled syntheses process in situ mode, the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product is carried out, by all or part of decomposition product mesh Mark conversion is derivative；Controlled syntheses process in situ is catalytic process or non-catalytic process, and catalyst is acidic catalyst Or basic catalyst or neutral catalyst；Catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses process is urged with former decompose in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture Agent is determined as controlled syntheses catalyst in situ or the catalyst to be newly added into above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture as in situ To synthesis catalyst or in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture former decomposition catalyst and the catalyst component that is newly added it is common Catalyst of the catalyst of composition as controlled syntheses in situ；The derivative of controlled syntheses in situ is double soluble derivatives or solid The derivative of state derivative or 1 class or 2 classes or whole 3 classes in the liquid derivative being layered with mixed liquor；Carry out derivative point The derivative product of decomposition product is obtained from process；Derivative is obtained as target derivative product or progress partial regeneration process The regeneration decomposition product product of regenerative recovery is obtained to the derivative target product of partial regeneration or by complete regenerative process；Point From after derivative product or regeneration decomposition product product containing a kind or 2 kinds in catalyst or solvent or synthetics or distintegrant or Solution before the circulation of more kinds of or whole working medium is converted into circulation solution after carrying out separation or subtractive process, then conveys It returns to former use process or the realization of other technical process recycles；The process system includes more structural body decomposable processes, more Structural body step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition process, controlled syntheses process in situ, be layered controlled syntheses process in situ, controlled syntheses in situ step by step The composite reaction mistake of the composite reaction process, controlled syntheses in situ and the more structural bodies decomposition being layered step by step decomposed with more structural bodies Journey, the composite reaction process that layering original position controlled syntheses are decomposed with more structural bodies step by step, derivative separation process, layering is spread out step by step Bio-separation process, derivative separation and the reaction of controlled syntheses in situ are separated with separating anabolic process, be layered derivative step by step With the reaction of controlled syntheses in situ with separate anabolic process, derivative separates and is layered reacting and dividing for controlled syntheses in situ step by step From anabolic process, derivative separation with more structural bodies decompose and original position controlled syntheses reaction with separate anabolic process, divide step by step More structural bodies of layer decompose the reaction separated with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative with separate anabolic process, the decomposition of more structural bodies and The reaction of layering controlled syntheses in situ and derivative separation is oriented with anabolic process, the decomposition of more structural bodies and original position is separated step by step Synthesis and step by step layering derivative separation reaction with separate anabolic process, derivates regeneration process, step by step be layered derivative again Raw process, recycle during some or all of process；The process of the process system be the process that 1 property is completed or It is layered the process of completion step by step；The anabolic process of the process system be the synchronous anabolic process for carrying out each process or successively into The anabolic process of each process of row；The decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process or derivative separation process or derivates regeneration process It for the process disposably completed or is the process of layered mode step by step；The decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process or derivative Separation process or derivates regeneration process are the process individually carried out or are the process carried out in anabolic process；The technique system The anabolic process of system be decompose with the composite reaction process of controlled syntheses in situ, the group of hierarchicabstract decomposition and controlled syntheses in situ step by step Close reaction process, decomposition separates and controlled syntheses in situ with the composite reaction process of the controlled syntheses in situ of layering step by step, derivative Reaction with separate anabolic process, step by step layering derivative separate with original position controlled syntheses reaction with separate anabolic process, spread out Bio-separation be layered step by step the reactions of controlled syntheses in situ with separate anabolic process, decomposition and original position controlled syntheses and derivative The reaction of separation with separate anabolic process, step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition and original position controlled syntheses and the reaction that separates of derivative with separate group Conjunction process, decompose with the layering reaction that is separated with derivative of original position controlled syntheses step by step with separate anabolic process, decomposition and original position Controlled syntheses and layering derivative separates step by step reaction and the anabolic process some or all of separated in anabolic process.

The catalyst of more structural body hydrolytic processes and hydrolysate original position controlled syntheses process be sulfuric acid or sulfurous acid or Part in phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid or carbonic acid or boric acid or hydrochloric acid or perchloric acid or hypochlorous acid or hydrobromic acid or hyperbromic acid or nitric acid Or whole inorganic acid or be sulfur trioxide or sulfur dioxide or phosphorus pentoxide or diphosphorus trioxide or nitrogen trioxide or two Inorganic acid anhydrides some or all of in carbonoxide or carbon disulfide is acetic acid or ethanedioic acid or propionic acid or malonic acid or formic acid Or some or all of in butyric acid or succinic acid or caproic acid or adipic-or phthalic acid or terephthalic acid (TPA) or benzoic acid Organic acid is organic some or all of in acetic anhydride or the organic acid anhydrides such as propionic andydride or butyric anhydride or phthalic anhydride Acid anhydrides is by acidic materials some or all of in above-mentioned inorganic acid and inorganic acid anhydrides and organic acid and organic acid anhydride in solution The mixed acid of middle formation；Sulfuric acid concentration control is typical hydrolyzed within 80% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes The sulfuric acid concentration of journey condition is 20% to 76% range；The concentration of the solution sulfite of more structural body hydrolytic processes controls Within 90%, the sulfurous acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 30% to 85% range；More structural body hydrolytic processes Solution in the concentration of phosphoric acid control within 92%, the phosphoric acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 40% to 86% range； The concentration of the solution phosphorous acid of more structural body hydrolytic processes controls the phosphorous of typical hydrolytic process condition within 90% Acid concentration is 38% to 86% range；In the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes hydrogen bromide concentration control 40% with Interior, the bromination hydrogen concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 15% to 35% range；In the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes Hydrogen cloride concentration controls within 40%, and the hydrogen cloride concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 15% to 36% range；It is described more The concentration of perchloric acid controls the perchloric acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition within 60% in the solution of structural body hydrolytic process For 10% to 50% range；Hypochlorous concentration control is typical within 35% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes The hypochlorous acid concentration of hydrolytic process condition is 5% to 25% range；Hyperbromic acid in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes Concentration controls within 50%, and the hyperbromic acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 10% to 40% range；More structural bodies The concentration of nitric acid controls within 50% in the solution of hydrolytic process, and the concentration of nitric acid of typical hydrolytic process condition arrives for 10% 40% range；The temperature control of the hydrolytic process of hemicellulose exists in the hemicellulose material or the material of component containing hemicellulose Within 150 DEG C, the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition is room temperature to 120 DEG C of ranges；The cellulose substances or containing cellulose group The temperature of cellulose hydrolysis in part material controls within 230 DEG C, and the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition arrives for room temperature 180 DEG C of ranges；The temperature of the lignin material or the lignin hydrolytic process in the material of component containing lignin is controlled at 320 DEG C Within, the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition is 70 DEG C to 260 DEG C ranges；The polyethers or polyformaldehyde high molecular waste material water The temperature of solution preocess controls within 350 DEG C, and the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition is 70 DEG C to 270 DEG C ranges；The lignite Or the temperature of the hydrolytic process of peat controls within 360 DEG C, the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition is 80 DEG C to 280 DEG C models It encloses；The control of the temperature of the polyesters or polyurethanes or polyamide-based or polycarbonate high molecular waste material hydrolytic process exists Within 300 DEG C, the temperature of typical hydrolytic process condition is 50 DEG C to 180 DEG C ranges；The original position of more structural body decomposition products is fixed Be to synthesis process, with decompose mixed liquor in or purifying mixed liquor in modulation mixed liquor in or decomposition of the mixture in situ into The mode or the orientation in situ in progress controlled syntheses in situ and the anabolic process of decomposition of the individual controlled syntheses process in situ of row The controlled syntheses in situ in anabolic process that the mode of synthesis process or progress controlled syntheses in situ are separated with decomposition and derivative The mode of process carries out the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product；Controlled syntheses process in situ is catalytic process or non-catalytic mistake Journey, catalyst are acidic catalyst or basic catalyst or neutral catalyst；Catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses process is with above-mentioned mixing Former decomposition catalyst in liquid or mixture is as controlled syntheses catalyst in situ or with new into above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture The catalyst of addition as controlled syntheses in situ catalyst or in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture former decomposition catalyst with Catalyst of the catalyst that the catalyst component being newly added collectively forms as controlled syntheses in situ；Controlled syntheses process in situ is It modulates and original occurs between the decomposition product molecule in mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or in decomposition mixed liquor or in decomposition of the mixture Position directed chemical synthesis process is in modulation mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or in decomposition mixed liquor or in decomposition of the mixture Decomposition product molecule and 1 time or 2 times or more time or be added continuously between synthesis agent molecule carry out controlled syntheses process in situ, Or the combination reacted between the synchronous reaction occurred between above-mentioned decomposition product molecule and decomposition product molecule and synthesis agent molecule Controlled syntheses reaction process in situ makes turning for the decomposition product target component in above-mentioned mixed liquor or some or all of in mixture Turn to layering liquid derivative or 1 analog derivative or 2 analog derivatives or whole 3 classes in double soluble derivatives or solid-state derivative Derivative；The original position controlled syntheses reaction is between the reaction or decomposition product molecule between the intramolecular group of decomposition product Group between reaction or synthetics molecular radical and decomposition product group between react；The original position controlled syntheses process In decomposition product molecule between group between reaction be decomposition product molecule oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-bearing The oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-bearing of group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group and another decomposition product Reaction between group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；Decomposition product point during the original position controlled syntheses The reaction between group inside son is oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or contains The reaction of silicon group；Containing for synthesis agent molecule is reacted between decomposition product and synthetics during the original position controlled syntheses The oxygen-containing group of oxygen groups or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group and decomposition product Or the reaction between nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；The water for reducing mixed liquor is dense The mode of degree is heating evaporation or vacuum evaporation or heating in vacuum evaporation or the separation processes such as freezing vacuum evaporation or distillation, or is The anabolic process of process some or all of in above-mentioned separation process；Or reaction raw materials are added or inorganic acid anhydrides is added or is added Water absorbing agent, or the anabolic process for some or all of above process process is added in organic acid anhydride；Improve the acidity of mixed liquor The mode of intensity is that stronger acid or acid anhydrides or ackd salt, or the combination for some or all of above process process is added Journey；The mode for reducing the acid intensity of mixed liquor be added alkali or basic salt part N-process or the weaker acid of addition or The dilution of acid anhydrides or ackd salt or neutral flux or neutral salt solution, or the group for some or all of above process process Conjunction process；The mode for improving the base strength of mixed liquor is the stronger alkali of addition or basic anhydride or basic salt, or is the above process The anabolic process of part or all of process；The mode for reducing the base strength of mixed liquor is that the part neutralization of acid or ackd salt is added Process or the dilution that weaker alkali or basic anhydride or basic salt or neutral flux or neutral salt solution is added；It or is above-mentioned mistake The anabolic process of some or all of journey process；The original position controlled syntheses and the composite reaction process of decomposition by decomposable process or Hierarchicabstract decomposition process is layered controlled syntheses process in situ with controlled syntheses process in situ or step by step and is combined and constitutes step by step；Institute Stating derivative separation process is double soluble constituent separation processes or stratified liquid separation process or separation of solid and liquid process；The derivative Object separation divides with the reaction of controlled syntheses in situ with the derivative that anabolic process is layered by derivative separation process or step by step is separated The controlled syntheses process in situ being layered from process with controlled syntheses process in situ or step by step combines composition；Derivative separation with It decomposes and controlled syntheses in situ reacts and separate the derivative that anabolic process is layered by derivative separation process or step by step and separate Process and controlled syntheses process in situ or the controlled syntheses process in situ and decomposable process that are layered step by step or step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition mistake Cheng Zuhe is constituted；The derivates regeneration process is that derivative molecular removes oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or contains The process of the molecule of phosphorus group or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；The complete regenerative process of derivative is that derivative molecular is whole The molecule of removing oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group is restored to point The process of object is solved, regeneration decomposition product is generated；The derivative partial regeneration process is derivative molecular partial removal oxygen-containing group Or the process of the molecule of nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group, generating portion are regenerated Decomposition product derivative；The process that recycles is using stratified liquid separation process, double soluble constituent separation processes, low boiling Point composition separation process, evaporation process, evaporation and crystal process, refrigeration crystallization process, adsorption process, desorption process, separation of solid and liquid Impurity composition in solution before process some or all of in process, mixed liquor composition allocation process, removing or separation recycle, Or the impurity composition before Allocating Circle before solution compolision and removing or separation recycle before solution compolision or Allocating Circle in solution, Solution before recycling is set to be changed into circulation solution；Circulation solution returns to former use process or other processes recycle.

Attached drawing 1-10 show the process system of the lighting processing flow of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of polysaccharide in biomass.It is described The process system of the lighting processing of the more structural bodies of polysaccharide and other more structural bodies is mainly closed by the orientation in situ of polysaccharide decomposition product At process, derivative separation process, derivates regeneration process, recycle process composition；I.e. process system mainly includes original position Controlled syntheses process, derivates regeneration process, recycles the processes such as process at derivative separation process；And by the process system The apparatus system implemented with it constitutes process unit system.

The controlled syntheses process in situ of the polysaccharide decomposition product is the mode carried out in situ in mixed liquor, by non-catalytic The lighting of the more structural bodies of polysaccharide is processed the mixed liquor to be formed by process or the catalytic process in mixed liquor under catalyst action In partly or entirely decomposition product be converted into its solid-state derivative or be layered liquid derivative or double soluble derivatives with mixed liquor In 1 class 2 classes or all 3 analog derivatives；Catalyst during the catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses is original in mixed liquor Catalyst catalyst to be newly added into mixed liquor or for by catalyst original in mixed liquor be newly added to it is mixed Close the catalyst that the catalyst component in liquid collectively forms；Catalyst be acidic materials catalyst or alkaline matter catalyst or in Property material catalyst；The process system includes the more structural body decomposable processes of polysaccharide, the more structural bodies of polysaccharide hierarchicabstract decomposition mistake step by step Journey, controlled syntheses process in situ are layered what controlled syntheses process, controlled syntheses in situ and the more structural bodies of polysaccharide in situ decomposed step by step Composite reaction process, is layered the composite reaction process of controlled syntheses in situ and the more structural bodies decomposition of polysaccharide being layered step by step step by step Controlled syntheses in situ and the composite reaction process of the more structural bodies decomposition of polysaccharide, derivative separation process, step by step layering derivative point From process, derivative separation and the reaction of controlled syntheses in situ and separate that anabolic process, layering derivative separates and original position step by step The reaction of controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process, derivative is separated and is combined with the reaction of layering original position controlled syntheses step by step with separating Process, derivative separation decomposed with the more structural bodies of polysaccharide and the reaction of original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process, be layered step by step The more structural bodies of polysaccharide decompose the reaction separated with original position controlled syntheses and derivative with separate the more structural bodies of anabolic process, polysaccharide Decompose be layered step by step reaction that in situ controlled syntheses and derivative separate with separate the more structural bodies decomposition of anabolic process, polysaccharide and Controlled syntheses in situ and the step by step reaction of layering derivative separation with separate anabolic process, derivates regeneration process, be step by step layered Derivates regeneration process, recycle during some or all of process.

The process system is used for more structural body materials of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis containing polysaccharide, the acid of the polysaccharide of more structural body materials In the anabolic process of catalyzing hydrolysis and hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses or the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and hydrolysis sugar of polysaccharide orient close in situ At in the anabolic process separated with sugar derivatives, the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process of polysaccharide is to be hydrolyzed using external adding water or is benefit Be hydrolyzed with the self-contained mechanical water of material or chemical water or chemical water with mechanical water or for using Tong Bu the original position that carries out The product water that controlled syntheses reaction process generates is hydrolyzed, or is the part way of aforesaid way water or the combination of whole modes The hydrolytic process of water；The acidic catalyst substance for acid-catalyzed hydrolysis polysaccharide is inorganic acid or mixing inorganic acid or organic The mixed acid of acid or mixed organic acid or inorganic acid and organic acid；The mode for improving the acid intensity of mixed liquor is that addition is stronger Acid or acid anhydrides or ackd salt, or the anabolic process for some or all of above process process；Reduce the acid intensity of mixed liquor Mode be that the part N-process of alkali or basic salt is added or weaker acid or acid anhydrides or ackd salt is added or is added neutral Solvent type diluent or neutral salt, or the anabolic process for some or all of above process process；The water for reducing mixed liquor is dense The mode of degree is heating evaporation or vacuum evaporation or heating in vacuum evaporation or the separation processes such as freezing vacuum evaporation or distillation, or is The anabolic process of process some or all of in above-mentioned separation process；Or reaction raw materials are added or inorganic acid anhydrides is added or is added Water absorbing agent, or the anabolic process for some or all of above process process is added in organic acid anhydride；The original position of the hydrolysis sugar Controlled syntheses process is to utilize the original in hydrolysis mixture or in purifying mixed liquor or in modulation mixed liquor or in hydrolysed mix Acidic materials are as the former acidic materials in the catalyst or the above-mentioned mixed liquor of utilization of controlled syntheses in situ or in hydrolysed mix With the ortho acid Matter Composition of the new acid Matter Composition being added into above-mentioned mixed liquor or in hydrolysed mix or addition or add Catalyst of the catalyst that the ortho acid Matter Composition and new acid Matter Composition entered collectively forms as controlled syntheses in situ, with In modulation mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or the mode carried out in situ in mixed liquor or in hydrolysed mix is decomposed, makes to modulate In mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor in decompose mixed liquor in or hydrolysed mix in hydrolysis sugar and the mixed liquor in or the water Controlled syntheses process in situ occurs in solution mixture between other hydrolysate molecules or makes to modulate in mixed liquor or purify mixing In liquid or decompose in mixed liquor or the hydrolysis sugar in hydrolysed mix and 1 time or 2 times or more synthesis that is secondary or being added continuously The controlled syntheses process in situ or former for the synchronous combination that above two controlled syntheses reaction in situ occurs carried out between agent molecule Position controlled syntheses process makes the hydrolysis sugar in above-mentioned mixed liquor or some or all of in mixture be converted into layering liquid sugar and spreads out 1 sugar derivative or 2 sugar derivatives or whole 3 class sugar in biological or double dissolubility sugar derivatives or solid-state sugar derivatives is derivative Object；The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the polysaccharide and the composite reaction process of hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses are by polysaccharide acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process Or layering acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process is combined with controlled syntheses process in situ or step by step layering controlled syntheses process in situ step by step And it constitutes；Sugar derivatives separation and the reaction of hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process by controlled syntheses in situ Process or be layered step by step controlled syntheses process in situ and sugar derivatives separation process or step by step layering sugar derivatives separation process into Row is combined and is constituted；Sugar derivatives separation and polysaccharide acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and the reaction of hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses with separate Anabolic process is layered acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process and controlled syntheses process in situ or step by step by polysaccharide acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process or step by step It is layered controlled syntheses process in situ and derivative separation process or is layered derivative separation process step by step and be combined and constitute；Institute Stating sugar derivatives separation process is double soluble constituent separation processes or stratified liquid separation process or separation of solid and liquid process；The sugar Derivates regeneration process is the process that sugar derivatives carries out complete catalyzing hydrolysis or partially catalyzed hydrolysis；The sugar derivatives is complete Regenerative process is that complete catalyzing hydrolysis occurs for sugar derivatives, be totally removed glycan molecule during controlled syntheses in situ combine it is external Molecular structure or structure fragment generate regeneration sugar；The sugar derivative moieties regenerative process is that partially catalyzed occurs for sugar derivatives It hydrolyzes, the exonic structure or structure fragment that glycan molecule combines during the controlled syntheses of partial removal original position, generating portion regeneration sugar Derivative.

(1) application in conjunction with pulp and paper industry

Hemicellulose in the raw materials such as the timber of conventional pulping and paper-making is relatively easily separated, and can have substantially no effect on fiber In the case where plain component, it may be implemented to hydrolyze with weaker acid catalysis.Therefore, conventional delignification and hemicellulose are being carried out Before process, using the above-mentioned process unit system being made of process system and apparatus system, carry out utilizing hemicellulose first Preprocessing or early period processing.

The process system constituted and apparatus system are combined to hemicellulose by mature chemical technology and its equipment using aforementioned Preprocessing or processing early period are carried out, realizes the lighting of hemicellulose.By pretreatment or layer preprocessing, acid-catalyzed hydrolysis step by step Or it is layered hydrolysis, controlled syntheses in situ step by step or is layered original position controlled syntheses step by step or synchronizes acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and orientation conjunction in situ At the separation of, derivative or synchronize that controlled syntheses in situ are separated with derivative or synchronous acid-catalyzed hydrolysis with fabricated in situ synthesizes and spreads out Bio-separation or synchronous layering acid-catalyzed hydrolysis step by step are separated with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative, are separated by solid-liquid separation, stratified liquid Separation, the separation of double soluble constituents, the separation of low boiling point composition, sugar derivatives hydrolysis regeneration or layering hydrolysis regeneration, extractant step by step It recycled with synthetics, adsorb resin adsorption and processes and corresponding equipment, double of cellulose sugar such as recycle with regenerated It is processed.According to the requirement of pulping and papermaking processes, removes most of hemicellulose or remove the hemicellulose of suitable proportion, obtain Obtain the regeneration sugar of hemicellulose hydrolysis sugar derivatives or sugar derivatives.It plays and carries out hemicellulose water under room temperature or other preference temperatures Solve the superiority of lighting.

Utilize the chemistry of the groups such as alcoholic extract hydroxyl group, glycosides hydroxyl, aldehyde carbonyl groups or ketone carbonyl in the hydrolysis sugar structure of hemicellulose Hydrolysis sugar in mixed liquor is carried out controlled syntheses in situ, is converted into consolidating for target product by synthetic reaction under acid catalysis Body sugar derivatives or the oil-soluble sugar derivatives or double dissolubility sugar derivatives of layering.Realize sugar derivatives mutually with containing sour water Separation, solves the separation problem of hydrolysis sugar and acid, and obtains sugar derivatives.Then regeneration or part can be carried out to derivative again It is raw.

After the pulping and paper-makings such as timber raw material is processed by above-mentioned process unit system, sugar derivatives or regeneration sugar are obtained Product is stripped of most of hemicellulose, or control hemicellulose removes degree as needed.Remaining component is mainly in material Cellulose and lignin composition.Material after de- hemicellulose, which enters in subsequent conventional pulping and papermaking process process, to be continued to process The products such as paper for paper pulp and downstream.

Above-mentioned hemicellulose preprocessing or earlier processing steps not only recycle and utilize hemicellulose resource, can obtain The sugar derivatives product or regeneration sugar product compared with high added value are obtained, due to being stripped of most of hemicellulose, and can make to make The chemical consumptions of materials such as alkali caused by paper-making process saving processing hemicellulose are starched, reduce the cost of pulping and paper-making, and can be bright It is aobvious to reduce black liquor amount.It is stripped of most of hemicellulose, the viscosity of black liquor can also be reduced, subtracts black liquor thick, is conducive to black liquor Concentration and alkali lignin sedimentation.Above-mentioned hemicellulose preprocessing or earlier processing steps are used for stalk or other draft The pulping and papermaking processes of plant can obviously relieve environmental issue caused by black liquor, be conducive to improve general straw paper process Feasibility.

The industry size of pulping and paper-making is very big, in conjunction with the process unit system of hemicellulose processing, both can be recycled big The hemicellulose sugar product of amount or the derivative product of a large amount of hemicellulose sugar of production, and improve the environmental protection pressure of pulping and paper-making Power improves the technical process of pulping and paper-making, is of great significance.

(2) it is applied to the processing of natural plants or agricultural crop straw and utilizes field

Using above-mentioned process unit system, natural plants or farm crop straw organism matter are subjected to lighting processing, it is raw At regeneration sugar or the products such as sugar derivatives and lignin.

By preprocessing process, step by step layer preprocessing process, acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process, hydrolysis and controlled syntheses in situ and extraction Take reaction with separate anabolic process, step by step be layered hydrolytic process, step by step layering hydrolysis with original position controlled syntheses and extraction it is anti- Should with separate anabolic process, controlled syntheses process in situ, be layered controlled syntheses process in situ, separation of solid and liquid process, extraction step by step Process, derivative hydrolysis regenerative process, layering hydrolysis regenerative process, acid recycle process, extractant and synthetics and follow step by step Ring recycles the processes such as process and corresponding equipment composition process unit system with regenerated using process, absorption resin adsorption System, for realizing the lighting of the biomass such as natural plants or agricultural crop straw.It plays and is carried out under room temperature or other preference temperatures The superiority of biomass by hydrolyzation lighting.

Utilize the controlled syntheses in situ of the groups such as alcoholic extract hydroxyl group, glycosides hydroxyl, aldehyde radical, ketone carbonyl in the hydrolysis sugars structure such as stalk Sugar in hydrolysis mixture is carried out controlled syntheses in situ, is converted into the solid sugar derivatives or oil-soluble of target product by reaction Sugar derivatives or double dissolubility sugar derivatives.Then so that sugar derivatives is mutually realized and is separated with containing sour water, solve point of hydrolysis sugar and acid From problem, and obtain regeneration sugar or sugar derivatives product.After removing hemicellulose and cellulose, in biomass acid-catalyzed hydrolysis slag Predominantly lignin realizes the enrichment of lignin, lays the foundation for lignin following process and utilization.

The stock number of the biomass such as natural plants and agricultural crop straw is huge, the process unit system production of biomass processing Regeneration sugar or sugar derivatives, it is former to can be widely applied to surfactant, additive, biological products, biochemical fermentation raw material, chemical industry The fields such as material, performance chemicals, functional material, energy products greatly promote the value of natural plants and agricultural crop straw, and Environmental issue caused by burning stalk can be solved or be relieved, is of great significance.

(3) it is applied to other biological matter resource or other more structural body materials utilizes field

Referring to the setting and application mode of above-mentioned process unit system, other kinds of biomass material or more structures are processed The heavy charge of body material, the biologies such as mineral, high molecular waste material, vinegar grain, vinasse, bagasse, oil plant slag, mushroom bran such as including lignite Matter grain slag.

The superiority for carrying out the lighting process that more structural body materials decompose under room temperature or other preference temperatures is played, is carried out The lighting process that more structural body materials decompose.Controlled syntheses conversion decomposition product in situ is the derivative for being easier to separate with mixed liquor Object, including layering liquid derivative or double soluble derivatives etc..The derivative product of isolated original position controlled syntheses.Then, Or derivates regeneration is restored to decomposition product, obtain the decomposition product product (such as regeneration sugar) of regenerative recovery；Or by derivative Partial regeneration is carried out, the derivative product of partial regeneration is obtained；Or by derivative directly as target product.

More structural body lighting processing, the lighting including biomass and its poor slag refine processing, obtain a large amount of derivatives Product or regeneration decomposition product product, including regeneration sugar, monomer, intermediate, oligomer etc., promoted biomass and its grain slag, lignite, The value of the resources such as high molecular waste material.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of the more structural body lightings of polysaccharide and regeneration and the system recycled, feature It is, the more structural bodies of the polysaccharide carry out decomposable process in decomposition reactor and generate the decomposition of the mixture of the decomposition product containing polysaccharide, Distintegrant is water or alcohols neutrality distintegrant or organic acid or the agent of inorganic acids decomposition in acid or inorganic base or organic base Class alkaline decomposition agent, decomposition catalyst are that acid or acid anhydrides or ackd salt acidic catalyst or alkali or basic anhydride or alkaline saline alkali are urged Agent；

The solid slag product in decomposition of the mixture is separated with liquid decomposition product with solid-liquid separator, it will with stratified liquid separator It is separated with the liquid decomposition product for decomposing mixed liquor layering, obtains decomposing mixed liquor；It is decomposed with the separation of double soluble components separators mixed Close liquid in double dissolubility decomposition product ingredients, with low boiling point component separator separation decomposition mixed liquor in low boiling point decomposition product at Point, obtain purifying mixed liquor；It is modulated with the ingredient that mixed liquor ingredient tuner deploys purifying mixed liquor or decomposes mixed liquor Mixed liquor；

With the catalytic process under catalyst action in non-catalytic process or mixed liquor, the in situ decomposition in controlled syntheses reactor Mode in situ in mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or in modulation mixed liquor or in decomposition of the mixture carries out polysaccharide decomposition product Controlled syntheses reaction process in situ and orientation generate the derivative of reproducible polysaccharide decomposition product, and synthetics are organic acid or acid Anhydride or acylated species or organic bases or alcohols or phenols or ethers or esters or acylated species or aldehydes or ketone contain double Key class contains three key classes or class containing aryl or halogenation species or organic amine or amino acids or isocyanates synthetics, polysaccharide The derivative of decomposition product is reproducible double soluble derivatives or reproducible solid-state derivative or reproducible and mixed liquor The derivative of 1 class or 2 classes or whole 3 classes in the liquid derivative of layering；The catalyst of catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses process is Acidic catalyst or basic catalyst or neutral catalyst；

Derivative separation process is double soluble components separation processes or stratified liquid separation process or separation of solid and liquid process, will be in situ The mixture that controlled syntheses process obtains carries out solution before derivative separation process obtains the derivative of polysaccharide decomposition product and recycles, The decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of the more structural body lightings of the polysaccharide of catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses process with regeneration and recycle System circulation before solution be mainly containing catalyst, solvent, synthetics ingredient mixed liquor；

Or using the derivative of polysaccharide decomposition product as product, or by the derivative of polysaccharide decomposition product in regeneration reactor carry out portion Divide regeneration or regenerative process obtains the polysaccharide decomposition of the product or the complete regenerative recovery of derivative of the partial regeneration of derivative completely Produce product；Derivates regeneration reaction is the back reaction of controlled syntheses in situ, and derivates regeneration reaction is that derivative molecular removing contains The process of the molecule of oxygen groups or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；

It was separated in recycling facility using stratified liquid separation process, double soluble components separation processes, low boiling point component Journey, evaporation process, evaporation and crystal process, refrigeration crystallization process, adsorption process, desorption process, separation of solid and liquid process, mixed liquor at Process some or all of in point allocation process carries out recycling process, the impurity before removing or separation recycle in solution at Point or Allocating Circle before impurity before solution composition and removing or separation recycle before solution composition or Allocating Circle in solution at Point, so that solution before recycling is changed into circulation solution, circulation solution returns to former use process or other processes recycle；

The decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of the more structural body lightings of the polysaccharide and the technique of regeneration and the system recycled include The more structural body decomposable processes of polysaccharide, the more structural bodies of polysaccharide step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition process, controlled syntheses process in situ, layering is former step by step Composite reaction process that position controlled syntheses process, controlled syntheses in situ and the more structural bodies of polysaccharide decompose, controlled syntheses in situ with by Composite reaction process, step by step layering controlled syntheses in situ and the more structural bodies decomposition of polysaccharide that the more structural bodies of the polysaccharide of stage layered decompose Composite reaction process, derivative separation process, be layered derivative separation process, derivative separation and controlled syntheses in situ step by step Reaction with separate anabolic process, step by step layering derivative separate with original position controlled syntheses reaction with separate anabolic process, spread out Bio-separation be layered step by step the reactions of controlled syntheses in situ with separate anabolic process, derivative separates and the more structural bodies of polysaccharide divide The reaction of solution and controlled syntheses in situ with separate that anabolic process, the more structural bodies of polysaccharide that are layered decompose and original position controlled syntheses step by step And the reaction that derivative separates is decomposed and the controlled syntheses in situ of layering step by step and derivative with the more structural bodies of anabolic process, polysaccharide are separated The reaction of object separation is separated with separating the more structural bodies of anabolic process, polysaccharide and decompose with original position controlled syntheses and be layered derivative step by step Reaction with separate anabolic process, derivates regeneration process, step by step layering derivates regeneration process, recycle during portion Point or all processes；

The decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of the more structural body lightings of the polysaccharide and the device of regeneration and the system recycled include It decomposes the decomposition reactor of the more structural bodies of polysaccharide, the controlled syntheses reactor in situ for carrying out controlled syntheses process in situ, carry out original Position controlled syntheses process and the combined reactor of decomposable process, the derivative separated for derivative separate facility, are derived Object separation process and decomposable process and controlled syntheses process in situ react with separator, carry out derivative separation process and original position The reaction of controlled syntheses process and separator, the derivates regeneration reactor for carrying out derivates regeneration process, the circulation containing working medium Preceding solution realizes some or all of recycling in facility of recycling equipment.

2. a kind of decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings exist with regeneration and the system recycled, feature It include that the more structural bodies of polysaccharide, protein, biomass, biomass grain slag, lignite, lignin, lignin are discarded in, more structural bodies Object, waste polyester sort materials, polyurethanes waste, polyamide-based waste, polyethers waste, polycarbonate-based waste, Polyformaldehyde waste；

The more structural bodies of polysaccharide include cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, chitin, microbial polysaccharide, natural plant gum, levulan, algae Polysaccharide, biomass, biomass grain slag, cellulosic waste；

The technique of the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings and regeneration and the system recycled includes more knots Structure body decomposable process, more structural bodies step by step hierarchicabstract decomposition process, controlled syntheses process in situ, be layered controlled syntheses mistake in situ step by step Composite reaction process, controlled syntheses in situ and the more structural bodies being layered step by step that journey, controlled syntheses in situ and more structural bodies decompose The composite reaction process of decomposition is layered composite reaction process, derivative point that controlled syntheses in situ and more structural bodies decompose step by step From process, step by step be layered derivative separation process, derivative separation with original position controlled syntheses reaction with separate anabolic process, by The separation of stage layered derivative and the reaction of controlled syntheses in situ with separate anabolic process, derivative separates and determines with layering original position step by step To synthesis reaction with separate anabolic process, derivative separate with more structural bodies decompose and original position controlled syntheses reaction with separate Anabolic process, the more structural bodies being layered step by step are decomposed to be combined with original position controlled syntheses and the reaction that separates of derivative with separating Journey, more structural bodies decompose with layering original position controlled syntheses step by step and the reaction that separates of derivative with separate anabolic process, more structures Body decompose with controlled syntheses in situ and be layered step by step reaction that derivative separates with separate anabolic process, derivates regeneration process, Process some or all of during being layered derivates regeneration process step by step, recycling；

Distintegrant is neutral or acid or alkaline decomposition agent；

Decomposition catalyst is acid or acid anhydrides or ackd salt acidic catalyst or alkali or basic anhydride or basic salt basic catalyst；

The device of the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings and regeneration and the system recycled includes decomposing The decomposition reactor of more structural bodies, the controlled syntheses reactor in situ for carrying out controlled syntheses process in situ, progress orientation in situ are closed The derivative separated at process and the combined reactor of decomposable process, for derivative, which separates facility, carries out derivative separated Journey and decomposable process and controlled syntheses process in situ react with separator, carry out derivative separation process and controlled syntheses in situ Solution is real before the reaction of process and separator, the derivates regeneration reactor for carrying out derivates regeneration process, the circulation containing working medium What is now recycled some or all of recycles in facility equipment；

The original position controlled syntheses process be decomposition product target some or all of in the mixed liquor of more structural body decomposition products at Point by way of carrying out controlled syntheses in situ with synthetics, the urging under catalyst action with non-catalytic process or in mixed liquor The target component orientation of more structural body decomposition products some or all of in mixed liquor is converted reproducible solid-state by change process 1 class or 2 classes in derivative or the reproducible liquid derivative being layered with mixed liquor or reproducible double soluble derivatives Or whole 3 analog derivatives；

Catalyst during the catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses is original catalyst in mixed liquor, or newly to add into mixed liquor The catalyst entered, or to be collectively formed with the catalyst component being newly added in mixed liquor by catalyst original in mixed liquor Catalyst；Catalyst is acidic materials catalyst or alkaline matter catalyst or neutral substance catalyst；

Original position controlled syntheses reaction is reversible reaction, and derivates regeneration reaction is the back reaction of controlled syntheses reaction in situ；

The derivates regeneration process be derivative molecular remove oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or The process of the molecule of boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；

The controlled syntheses process in situ of target component is the process individually carried out in more structural body decomposition product mixed liquors, or is group The controlled syntheses process in situ carried out during closing；Anabolic process be successively carry out the anabolic process of each process, or be same stepping The anabolic process of row at least two process；

The derivative separation process is double soluble components separation processes or stratified liquid separation process or separation of solid and liquid process；

It is to be separated using stratified liquid separation process, double soluble components separation processes, low boiling point component that this, which recycles process, Journey, evaporation process, evaporation and crystal process, refrigeration crystallization process, adsorption process, desorption process, separation of solid and liquid process, mixed liquor at Before impurity component or Allocating Circle before process some or all of in point allocation process, removing or separation recycle in solution Impurity component before solution composition and removing or separation recycle before solution composition or Allocating Circle in solution, makes to recycle preceding solution It is changed into circulation solution；Circulation solution returns to former use process or other processes recycle.

3. the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of the more structural body lightings of polysaccharide according to claim 1 and regeneration and circulation benefit It system or the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings as claimed in claim 2 and regeneration and recycles System, which is characterized in that controlled syntheses process in situ be more structural bodies process the decomposition mixed liquor to be formed or purifying mixed liquor or The controlled syntheses process in situ that all or part of target component and synthetics carry out in mixed liquor or decomposition of the mixture is modulated, or For the original position controlled syntheses process is applied in the mixed liquor of chemical combination process all or part of target component and synthetics into Capable controlled syntheses process in situ, or it is partially or complete in the mixed liquor of condensation course for the original position controlled syntheses process to be applied to The controlled syntheses process in situ that the target component and synthetics in portion carry out, or for the original position controlled syntheses process is applied to polymerization The controlled syntheses process in situ that all or part of target component and synthetics carry out in the mixed liquor of process, or be by the original position It is fixed that controlled syntheses process is applied to the original position that all or part of target component and synthetics carry out in the mixed liquor of leaching process To synthesis process, or for by the original position controlled syntheses process be applied to extraction process mixed liquor in all or part of target at Divide the controlled syntheses process in situ carried out with synthetics, or is the mixing that the original position controlled syntheses process is applied to course of dissolution The controlled syntheses process in situ that all or part of target component and synthetics carry out in liquid, or be by the original position controlled syntheses mistake Journey is applied to the controlled syntheses process in situ that all or part of target component and synthetics carry out in the mixed liquor of absorption process；

Target component in the mixed liquor is decomposition product molecule or the life of chemical combination process in the mixed liquor that the decomposition of more structural bodies generates At mixed liquor in compound molecule or condensation course generate mixed liquor in condensation product molecule or polymerization process generate Mixed liquor in polymer molecule or the leaching object molecule that enters in solution of leaching process or extraction process enter solvent liquid The dissolved matter molecule or absorption process that extract molecule or course of dissolution in body enter in solvent liquid enter in solution At least one kind of molecule in absorbent molecule；

The mixed liquor is to decompose mixed liquor or purify mixed liquor or modulate the mixed liquor of mixed liquor or chemical combination process or be condensed The mixed liquor of the mixed liquor or extraction process of the mixed liquor of journey or the mixed liquor of polymerization process or leaching process dissolved The mixed liquor of journey or the mixed liquor of absorption process.

4. the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of the more structural body lightings of polysaccharide according to claim 1 and regeneration and circulation benefit It system or the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings as claimed in claim 2 and regeneration and recycles System, which is characterized in that controlled syntheses process in situ is in decomposing mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or in modulation mixed liquor Or the mode of the individual controlled syntheses process in situ of progress or progress controlled syntheses in situ and decomposition in situ in decomposition of the mixture The mode of controlled syntheses process in situ in anabolic process carries out the combination that controlled syntheses in situ are separated with decomposition and derivative The mode of controlled syntheses process in situ in the process carries out the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product；Catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses Process is using the former decomposition catalyst in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture as controlled syntheses catalyst in situ or with to above-mentioned mixing The catalyst being newly added in liquid or mixture is as the catalyst of controlled syntheses in situ or in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture Catalyst of the catalyst that former decomposition catalyst and the catalyst component being newly added collectively form as controlled syntheses in situ；It is in situ Controlled syntheses process is the decomposition product modulated in mixed liquor or purified in mixed liquor or decompose in mixed liquor or in decomposition of the mixture Directed chemical synthesis process in situ occurs between molecule or to modulate in mixed liquor or purifying in mixed liquor or decompose in mixed liquor Or it decomposition product molecule in decomposition of the mixture and at least 1 time or is added continuously between synthesis agent molecule and carries out controlled syntheses in situ Process or reacting between the synchronous reaction occurred between above-mentioned decomposition product molecule and decomposition product molecule and synthesis agent molecule Controlled syntheses reaction process in situ is combined, the decomposition product target component in above-mentioned mixed liquor or some or all of in mixture is made 1 class being converted into reproducible layering liquid derivative or reproducible double soluble derivatives or reproducible solid-state derivative Derivative or 2 analog derivatives or all 3 analog derivatives；The controlled syntheses process in situ of the decomposition product is the process individually carried out, Or the controlled syntheses process in situ to be carried out in anabolic process；The anabolic process be successively carry out the anabolic process of each process, or For the synchronous anabolic process for carrying out at least two process；

The controlled syntheses reactor in situ of decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process is that individually controlled syntheses in situ are anti-in mixed liquor Device or controlled syntheses in situ reaction is answered to react with the combined reactor of more structural body decomposition reactions or controlled syntheses in situ and more Structural body decomposes and the composite reaction of the anabolic process of derivative separation is separated with separator or controlled syntheses in situ with derivative Anabolic process composite reaction and separator, for carrying out in individually in situ controlled syntheses reaction process or anabolic process Target component in mixed liquor is decomposed mixed liquor or purifying mixed liquor or modulation mixed liquor or decomposition by controlled syntheses process in situ Decomposition product target component some or all of in mixture is oriented synthetic reaction in a manner of in situ and is converted into derivative；

The original position controlled syntheses reactor decomposes and the combined reactor of original position controlled syntheses or decomposition and orientation conjunction in situ The combination separated with separator or controlled syntheses in situ with derivative at the composite reaction of the anabolic process separated with derivative The composite reaction of journey is that stirred tank or collet heating stirring kettle or cold boiler or heating evaporation device or vacuum add with separator The equipment of hot vaporizer or crystallizer or settler or tubular reactor or reaction fractionating column or reaction, extraction tower type, or be upper The unit equipment that some types or the combination of all types equipment for stating device type are constituted.

5. the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings according to claim 2 and regeneration and recycling System, which is characterized in that the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings and the reality of regeneration and the system recycled The mode of applying is to complete pretreated more structural body materials in individual decomposable process or decomposing and controlled syntheses in situ In decomposable process in anabolic process or decomposing the decomposition in the anabolic process separated with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative The decomposable process carried out in journey generates the decomposition of the mixture containing decomposition product；With decompose mixed liquor in or purifying mixed liquor in or It modulates in mixed liquor or carries out the individually mode of controlled syntheses process in situ in decomposition of the mixture in situ or closed in situ orient At the mode of the controlled syntheses process in situ in the anabolic process with decomposition or with controlled syntheses in situ and decomposition and derivative point From anabolic process in controlled syntheses process in situ mode, carry out the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product, will part or Whole decomposition product target components are converted into derivative；Controlled syntheses process in situ is catalytic process or non-catalytic process, catalysis Agent is acidic catalyst or basic catalyst or neutral catalyst；Catalysis and in situ controlled syntheses process is with above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixing Former decomposition catalyst in object is urged as controlled syntheses catalyst in situ or with what is be newly added into above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture What agent was added as the catalyst of controlled syntheses in situ or with the former decomposition catalyst in above-mentioned mixed liquor or mixture and newly Catalyst of the catalyst that catalyst component collectively forms as controlled syntheses in situ；The derivative of controlled syntheses in situ is can be again 1 in raw double soluble derivatives or reproducible solid-state derivative or the reproducible liquid derivative with mixed liquor layering Class or 2 classes or all derivative of 3 classes；It carries out derivative separation process and obtains the derivative product of decomposition product；Derivative or work The derivative target product of partial regeneration is obtained for target derivative product or progress partial regeneration process or by completely again Raw process obtains the regeneration decomposition product product of regenerative recovery；Contain catalyst after separation derivative product or regeneration decomposition product product Or solution before a kind in solvent or synthetics or distintegrant or two or more or the circulation of whole working medium, it is separated or is taken off Except circulation solution is converted into after impurity process, then conveying returns to former use process or the realization of other technical process recycles；

The process of the technique of the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings and regeneration and the system recycled is 1 time Property the process completed or be layered the process of completion step by step；The anabolic process of the process system is the synchronous group for carrying out each process Conjunction process or the anabolic process for successively carrying out each process；

The decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process or derivative separation process or derivates regeneration process are disposably completed Process or process for layered mode step by step；

The decomposition product original position controlled syntheses process or derivative separation process or derivates regeneration process are the mistake individually carried out Journey or process to be carried out in anabolic process；

The anabolic process of the technique of the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings and regeneration and the system recycled To decompose with the composite reaction process of controlled syntheses in situ, step by step the composite reaction process of hierarchicabstract decomposition and controlled syntheses in situ, Decompose be layered the composite reaction process of controlled syntheses in situ step by step, derivative separate with the reaction of original position controlled syntheses with separate Anabolic process, the step by step separation of layering derivative and the reaction of controlled syntheses in situ with separate anabolic process, derivative separates and by The reaction of stage layered original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process, decomposition and original position controlled syntheses and the reaction that separates of derivative and It separates anabolic process, the reaction that hierarchicabstract decomposition is separated with controlled syntheses in situ and derivative step by step and separates anabolic process, decomposes Be layered step by step reaction that controlled syntheses in situ are separated with derivative with separate anabolic process, decomposition and original position controlled syntheses and by The reaction of stage layered derivative separation and the anabolic process some or all of separated in anabolic process；

The catalyst of more structural body hydrolytic processes and hydrolysate original position controlled syntheses process is sulfuric acid or sulfurous acid or phosphoric acid Or phosphorous acid or carbonic acid or boric acid or hydrochloric acid or perchloric acid or hypochlorous acid or hydrobromic acid or the part or complete in hyperbromic acid or nitric acid The inorganic acid in portion is sulfur trioxide or sulfur dioxide or phosphorus pentoxide or diphosphorus trioxide or nitrogen trioxide or titanium dioxide Inorganic acid anhydrides some or all of in carbon or carbon disulfide is acetic acid or ethanedioic acid or propionic acid or malonic acid or formic acid or fourth It is organic some or all of in acid or succinic acid or caproic acid or adipic-or phthalic acid or terephthalic acid (TPA) or benzoic acid Acid is the organic acid some or all of in the organic acid anhydride of acetic anhydride or propionic andydride or butyric anhydride or phthalic anhydride Acid anhydride or for by acidic materials some or all of in above-mentioned inorganic acid and inorganic acid anhydrides and organic acid and organic acid anhydride in the solution The mixed acid of formation；

Sulfuric acid concentration control is within 80% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes；

The concentration of the solution sulfite of more structural body hydrolytic processes controls within 90%；

The concentration of phosphoric acid controls within 92% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes；

The concentration of the solution phosphorous acid of more structural body hydrolytic processes controls within 90%；

The concentration of hydrogen bromide controls within 40% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes；

The Chlorine in Solution hydrogen concentration of more structural body hydrolytic processes controls within 40%；

The concentration of perchloric acid controls within 60% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes；

Hypochlorous concentration control is within 35% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes；

The concentration of hyperbromic acid controls within 50% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes；

The concentration of nitric acid controls within 50% in the solution of more structural body hydrolytic processes；

The temperature of the hydrolytic process of hemicellulose is controlled at 150 DEG C in the hemicellulose material or material containing hemi-cellulose components Within；

The temperature of the cellulose substances or the cellulose hydrolysis in containing cellulose component materials controls within 230 DEG C；

The temperature of lignin hydrolytic process in the lignin material or material containing lignin component controls within 320 DEG C；

The temperature of the polyethers or polyformaldehyde high molecular waste material hydrolytic process controls within 350 DEG C；

The temperature of the lignite hydrolytic process controls within 360 DEG C；

The control of the temperature of the polyesters or polyurethanes or polyamide-based or polycarbonate high molecular waste material hydrolytic process Within 300 DEG C；

The controlled syntheses process in situ of more structural body decomposition products is, in decomposing mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or to adjust The individually mode of controlled syntheses process in situ is carried out in mixed liquor processed or in decomposition of the mixture in situ or carries out orientation in situ closing At the mode of the controlled syntheses process in situ in the anabolic process with decomposition or progress controlled syntheses in situ and decomposition and derivative The mode of controlled syntheses process in situ in isolated anabolic process carries out the controlled syntheses process in situ of decomposition product；It is in situ fixed It is the decomposition product point modulated in mixed liquor or purified in mixed liquor or decompose in mixed liquor or in decomposition of the mixture to synthesis process Occur between son directed chemical synthesis process in situ or in modulation mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or decompose in mixed liquor or Decomposition product molecule in decomposition of the mixture and 1 time or 2 times or more time or be added continuously between synthesis agent molecule carries out in situ Controlled syntheses process occurs between the reaction between above-mentioned decomposition product molecule and decomposition product molecule and synthesis agent molecule to synchronize Reaction combination original position controlled syntheses reaction process, make the decomposition product in above-mentioned mixed liquor or some or all of in mixture Target component be converted into reproducible layering liquid derivative or reproducible double soluble derivatives or reproducible solid-state is spread out 1 analog derivative or 2 analog derivatives or whole 3 analog derivatives in biology；

The original position controlled syntheses reaction of the reaction between the intramolecular group of decomposition product or the base between decomposition product molecule Reacting between the reaction or synthetics molecular radical and decomposition product group between group；

The reaction between the group between decomposition product molecule during the original position controlled syntheses is a decomposition product molecule Oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group and another decomposition product Reaction between oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；

The reaction between the intramolecular group of decomposition product during the original position controlled syntheses is oxygen-containing group or nitrogenous base The reaction of group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；

It is described original position controlled syntheses during decomposition product and synthetics between reacting for synthesis agent molecule oxygen-containing group or The oxygen-containing group or nitrogenous base of nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group and decomposition product Group or the reaction between sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；

The mode for reducing the water concentration of mixed liquor is heating evaporation or vacuum evaporation or heating in vacuum evaporation or freezing vacuum evaporation Or the separation process of distillation, or the anabolic process for process some or all of in above-mentioned separation process；Or addition reaction raw materials, Or inorganic acid anhydrides is added or organic acid anhydride is added or water absorbing agent, or the combination for some or all of above process process is added Process；

The mode for improving the acid intensity of mixed liquor is that stronger acid or acid anhydrides or ackd salt, or the part for the above process is added Or the anabolic process of all processes；

The mode for reducing the acid intensity of mixed liquor be added alkali or basic salt part N-process or the weaker acid of addition or The dilution of acid anhydrides or ackd salt or neutral flux or neutral salt solution, or the group for some or all of above process process Conjunction process；

The mode for improving the base strength of mixed liquor is that stronger alkali or basic anhydride or basic salt, or the part for the above process is added Or the anabolic process of all processes；

The mode for reducing the base strength of mixed liquor be added acid or ackd salt part N-process or the weaker alkali of addition or The dilution of basic anhydride or basic salt or neutral flux or neutral salt solution；Or the group for some or all of above process process Conjunction process；

Hierarchicabstract decomposition process and original position are fixed by decomposable process or step by step for the original position controlled syntheses and the composite reaction process of decomposition To synthesis process or controlled syntheses process in situ is layered step by step to be combined and constitute；

The derivative separation process is double soluble components separation processes or stratified liquid separation process or separation of solid and liquid process；

Derivative separation and the reaction of original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process and divide by derivative separation process or step by step The controlled syntheses process in situ that the derivative separation process of layer is layered with controlled syntheses process in situ or step by step combines composition；

Derivative separation with decompose and the reaction of original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process by derivative separation process or The derivative separation process and controlled syntheses process in situ that are layered step by step or the controlled syntheses process in situ being layered step by step and decomposition Process or the step by step combination of hierarchicabstract decomposition process are constituted；

The derivates regeneration process is that derivative molecular removes oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or phosphorus-containing groups Or the process of the molecule of boron-containing group or silicon-containing group；Derivates regeneration reaction is the back reaction of controlled syntheses reaction in situ；

The complete regenerative process of derivative be derivative molecular be totally removed oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or The molecule of phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group is restored to the process of decomposition product, generates regeneration decomposition product；

The derivative partial regeneration process be derivative molecular partial removal oxygen-containing group or nitrogen-containing group or sulfur-containing group or The process of the molecule of phosphorus-containing groups or boron-containing group or silicon-containing group, the regenerated decomposition product derivative of generating portion.

6. the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of more structural body lightings according to claim 5 and regeneration and recycling System, which is characterized in that the sulfuric acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 20% to 76% range；

The sulfurous acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 30% to 85% range；

The phosphoric acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 40% to 86% range；

The phosphorous acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 38% to 86% range；

The bromination hydrogen concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 15% to 35% range；

The hydrogen cloride concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 15% to 36% range；

The perchloric acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 10% to 50% range；

The hypochlorous acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 5% to 25% range；

The hyperbromic acid concentration of typical hydrolytic process condition is 10% to 40% range；

The concentration of nitric acid of typical hydrolytic process condition is 10% to 40% range；

The temperature of the typical hydrolytic process condition of hemicellulose is in the hemicellulose material or material containing hemi-cellulose components Room temperature is to 120 DEG C of ranges；

The temperature of the typical hydrolytic process condition of the cellulose substances or the cellulose in containing cellulose component materials is room temperature To 180 DEG C of ranges；

The temperature of the typical hydrolytic process condition of the lignin material or the lignin in material containing lignin component is 70 DEG C To 260 DEG C of ranges；

The temperature of the polyethers or the typical hydrolytic process condition of polyformaldehyde high molecular waste material water is 70 DEG C to 270 DEG C models It encloses；

The temperature of the typical hydrolytic process condition of the lignite is 80 DEG C to 280 DEG C ranges；

The typical hydrolytic process condition of the polyesters or polyurethanes or polyamide-based or polycarbonate high molecular waste material Temperature be 50 DEG C to 180 DEG C ranges.

7. the decomposition product original position controlled syntheses of the more structural body lightings of polysaccharide according to claim 1 and regeneration and circulation benefit System, which is characterized in that the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis or acid-catalyzed hydrolysis polysaccharide and hydrolysis sugar of the more structural bodies of polysaccharide orient in situ In the anabolic process of synthesis or combination that the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of polysaccharide is separated with hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses and sugar derivatives The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process of Cheng Zhong, polysaccharide be to be hydrolyzed using external adding water or be using the self-contained mechanical water of material or Chemical water or chemical water are hydrolyzed with mechanical water or the production to be generated using the controlled syntheses reaction process in situ of synchronous progress Object water is hydrolyzed, or for aforesaid way water part way or whole mode combination water hydrolytic process；

The acidic catalyst substance for acid-catalyzed hydrolysis polysaccharide is inorganic acid or mixing inorganic acid or organic acid or mixing The mixed acid of organic acid or inorganic acid and organic acid；

The mode for improving the acid intensity of mixed liquor is that stronger acid or acid anhydrides or ackd salt, or the part for the above process is added Or the anabolic process of all processes；

The mode for reducing the acid intensity of mixed liquor be added alkali or basic salt part N-process or the weaker acid of addition or Neutral flux type diluent or neutral salt, or the group for some or all of above process process is added in acid anhydrides or ackd salt Conjunction process；

The mode for reducing the water concentration of mixed liquor is heating evaporation or vacuum evaporation or heating in vacuum evaporation or freezing vacuum evaporation Or the separation process of distillation, or the anabolic process for process some or all of in above-mentioned separation process；Or addition reaction raw materials, Or inorganic acid anhydrides is added or organic acid anhydride is added or water absorbing agent, or the combination for some or all of above process process is added Process；

The controlled syntheses process in situ of the hydrolysis sugar is, using in hydrolysis mixture or in purifying mixed liquor or modulation mixed liquor In or hydrolysed mix in former acidic materials as the catalyst of controlled syntheses in situ or using in above-mentioned mixed liquor or hydrolyzing Former acidic materials and the new acid material composition being added into above-mentioned mixed liquor or in hydrolysed mix or addition in mixture Ortho acid material composition or addition ortho acid material composition and the catalyst that collectively forms of new acid material composition as former The catalyst of position controlled syntheses, in modulation mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or to decompose in mixed liquor or in hydrolysed mix The mode carried out in situ makes to modulate the hydrolysis in mixed liquor or in purifying mixed liquor or in decomposition mixed liquor or in hydrolysed mix In sugar and the mixed liquor or controlled syntheses process in situ occurs between other hydrolysate molecules in the hydrolysed mix or makes to adjust In mixed liquor processed or in purifying mixed liquor or decompose in mixed liquor or the hydrolysis sugar in hydrolysed mix and 1 time or 2 times or more To be synchronous above two original position occurs for the controlled syntheses process in situ that carries out between the secondary or synthesis agent molecule that is added continuously The combination original position controlled syntheses process of controlled syntheses reaction, makes the hydrolysis in above-mentioned mixed liquor or some or all of in mixture Sugar is converted into reproducible layering liquid sugar derivatives or reproducible double dissolubility sugar derivatives or reproducible solid-state sugar is derivative 1 sugar derivative or 2 sugar derivatives or whole 3 sugar derivatives in object；

The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the polysaccharide and the composite reaction process of hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses are by polysaccharide acid-catalyzed hydrolysis mistake Journey or step by step layering acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process and original position controlled syntheses process or step by step layering controlled syntheses process in situ carry out group It closes and constitutes；

Sugar derivatives separation and the reaction of hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process by controlled syntheses mistake in situ Journey is layered controlled syntheses process in situ and sugar derivatives separation process or step by step layering sugar derivatives separation process progress step by step It combines and constitutes；

Sugar derivatives separation and polysaccharide acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and the reaction of hydrolysis sugar original position controlled syntheses with separate anabolic process By polysaccharide acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process or it is layered acid-catalyzed hydrolysis process and controlled syntheses process in situ step by step or is layered step by step in situ Controlled syntheses process and derivative separation process or step by step layering derivative separation process are combined and constitute；

The sugar derivatives separation process is double soluble components separation processes or stratified liquid separation process or separation of solid and liquid process；

The sugar derivatives regenerative process is the process that sugar derivatives carries out complete catalyzing hydrolysis or partially catalyzed hydrolysis；

The complete regenerative process of sugar derivatives is that complete catalyzing hydrolysis occurs for sugar derivatives, and controlled syntheses mistake in situ is totally removed The foreign molecules structure or structure fragment that glycan molecule combines in journey generate regeneration sugar；

The sugar derivative moieties regenerative process is that part catalyzing hydrolysis, partial removal original position controlled syntheses mistake occur for sugar derivatives The exonic structure or structure fragment that glycan molecule combines in journey, generating portion regenerate sugar derivatives.