CN1035557C - Continuous coking iron alloy coke furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a continuous coking type coke furnace with both side preheating and middle recycling, which is mainly used for continuous production devices for producing iron alloy coke or carrying out dry distillation to other materials in coal processing transform techniques. The present invention is characterized in that the furnace is mainly composed of the structures of both side air preheating, gas recovering by the middle part of a carbonization chamber, a checker brick thin wall of the carbonization chamber, a horizontal incineration chamber, etc. With the structures, the furnace has the functions of air preheating, secondary ventilation, internal and external thermal bonding and gas recovering. The device can take weak viscosity gas coal, etc. as raw materials to produce high-quality iron alloy coke or carry out dry distillation to other lump materials with high volatile. The present invention has the advantages of mechanical continuous production, good environmental protection, low investment and high effectiveness and is suitable for township enterprises and iron alloy smelting enterprises.

Description

A kind of continuous coking iron alloy coke furnace

The present invention relates to a kind of both sides and give heat, middle part recovery, continuous coking iron alloy coke furnace, it belongs to production coke for ferroalloy or the pyrogenous continuous production device of other material in the coal processing transformation technology.

Existing big-and-middle-sized vertical type stove utilizes weak cohesiveness bottle coal to produce coke for ferroalloy, the mechanization degree height, and industrial scale is big, can reclaim coal gas and industrial chemicals.But investment is expensive, and the very flexible of founding the factory has limited the application of township and village enterprises, ferroalloy smelting enterprise.Large-scale horizontal-chamber type cokery is produced coke for ferroalloy, and when the cohesiveness of used coal was too weak, charge of coke can not keep definite shape after the destructive distillation, and charge of coke do not produce when shrinking, and the coke pushing resistance is increased greatly, even be difficult to discharge of the coke.When the modified form kiln formula type of furnace utilized weak viscosity bottle coal to produce coke for ferroalloy, very fast at the destructive distillation speed of separating out that volatilizees mid-term, furnace temperature was difficult to control, and product skewness in the stove, especially after water spray extinguishes in the stove, sultry in the stove, with manually taking off burnt and the severe operational environment of coalingging.Chinese patent 33207792.9 has provided a kind of continuous coking Formed Coke Furnace, and it is little that its purpose provides a kind of investment, the equipment of the production formed coke that the duration is short, and whole body of heater is made of side by side several cell-type coking chambers and corresponding combustion chamber.Weak point is that this stove does not have the coal gas of recovery structure.From the heat balance principle analysis, if during with the weak viscosity bottle coal of this stove destructive distillation, and a large amount of coal gas that produce during destructive distillation all are used for the body of heater heating, and make its perfect combustion, and this can cause service temperature too high, even body of heater is burnt; If guarantee that service temperature is normal, then there is the part coal gas can not perfect combustion, the smoke pollution environment of emerging.Chinese patent 881051314, the small coke oven that U.S. Pat P3912597 and United States Patent (USP) 4111757 are introduced is improved operation and environment, but can not reclaims coal gas and chemical products, the waste resource.Also there is not a kind of less investment at present, the continuous coking iron alloy coke furnace of easy handling.

The objective of the invention is to avoid weak point in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a kind of and can reclaim coal gas and chemical products, both sides free from environmental pollution, that thermo-efficiency is high, simple in structure, less investment, mechanization degree are high, that produce coke for ferroalloy with weak cohesiveness bottle coal are given and are pined for the continuous coking Formed Coke Furnace that portion reclaims.

Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure, middle part at body of heater is provided with coking chamber, both sides are made as the combustion chamber, the a plurality of flues that are divided into the combustion chamber are corresponding to have bottom flue, air to give the hot cell, the top is provided with primary structure formations such as Burning Room, its major measure has: (1) improves the heat transfer efficiency of combustion chamber to coking chamber, removes complicated firing tunnel in coking furnace system from, and improving the coking chamber wall is thin-walled checker brick structures; (2) according to the heat balance principle requirement, at top feeding, discharge of the coke continuously in the bottom, and both sides have the structure that reclaims coal gas is set on the coking chamber wall of combustion chamber; (3), a kind of direct aeration structure need be set on the coking chamber wall with the abundant heat supply of interior hot mode; (4) for giving warm air, reclaim the heat energy of high-temp waste gas, improve thermo-efficiency, between bottom flue, be provided with and give the hot cell; (5) for volatile matter is fully burnt, design has Burning Room and twice aeration structure, makes the waste gas of discharge meet national requirements for environmental protection; (6) for improving the furnace roof operating environment, the fuel spreader mouth will have liquid packing; (7) be continuous production, improve mechanization degree, the whole type of furnace is designed to vertical structure; (8) for the Heating temperature that guarantees full stove is even, design has bottom flue top setting device, and flue bottom setting device is divided flue plugboard, multiple regulating mechanisms such as the adjustable air inlet of different heights.Coke oven of the present invention also is provided with the furnace retaining ironware, coal hoist, fluid-tight quenching groove, scraper plate discharge of the coke machine, divide flue, divide flue plugboard, chimney etc.

The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology: (1) reclaims residual gas and part chemical products, has made full use of resource; (2) make full use of heat energy, the thermo-efficiency height; (3) add heating gas and fully burn, the discharging waste gas environmental pollution is little; (4) mechanize of the discharging of the coke of coalingging, simple to operate, good operational environment; (5) simple, the less investment of furnace binding is built soon, and profit is big.

The drawing of accompanying drawing is described as follows:

Fig. 1 looks sectional view for the master of coke oven of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view cutaway drawing of coke oven of the present invention;

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment:

As shown in drawings, heat, middle part recovery are given in both sides of the present invention, the continuous coking Formed Coke Furnace gives hot cell (5) by coking chamber (2), two side combusion chambers (3), cylindrical bottom flue (4), air and Burning Room primary structures such as (6) in top constitutes.Its charing wall is thin-walled checker brick (27) structures, and the baker duct (7) that top is provided with and Burning Room (6) communicates, coking chamber top are the fuel spreader (8) that has fluid-tight, and lower openings links to each other in the jacket water (J.W.) cold type bucket (9) that discharges of the coke; Its combustion chamber (3) has been divided into a plurality of flues (10), and brick (28) is regulated in leap hole (29) that flue (10) bottom has and bottom flue (4) communicates and flue (10) bottom; The raw gas duct (31) of extraction out structure is arranged on the partition wall (11) of flue, and these ducts and outside effuser (12) communicate, and the residue raw gas of extraction is sent the receipts system back to.Warm air road (32) structure in the input is arranged on the partition wall of coke oven bottom flue (10), and flue peephole (13) is arranged at flue (10) top; Between cylindrical bottom flue (4), leave air and give hot cell (5), and and common brick furnace wall, the outside (14) on adjustable air inlet (15) communicate, these gas inlets also can be used for observing the combustion case of combustion chamber (3); The adjusting brick (30) at bottom flue (4) top is arranged between bottom flue (4) and the Burning Room (6), and Burning Room is provided with the bottom flue peephole above (6), and double as overfiren air port (16); The body of heater outside is provided with thermal insulation layer (17), and whole body of heater places on the coke roof (19) of furnace body support (13) support.Coke oven of the present invention also designed furnace retaining ironware (29), bucket type coal hoist (21), fluid-tight quenching groove (22), scraper plate discharge of the coke machine (23), divide flue (24), divide flue plugboard (25), chimney (26).

The coking chamber wall has adopted thin-walled checker brick (27) structure among the figure, coke oven heats required coal gas directly enters combustion chamber (3) by these grid flue (10), deducted complicated firing tunnel in coking furnace system like this, improved the heat transfer efficiency of combustion chamber (3) simultaneously to coking chamber (2).One side of crossing over hole (29) in the flue bottom has the flue bottom to regulate brick (28), by can regulate the suction of each flue to the adjusting of this brick, to guarantee the horizontal homogeneous heating of full stove.The raw gas duct (31) that flue partition (11) is gone up straight-through coking chamber (2) distributes on the body of heater different heights, these ducts communicate by variable valve and the outer effuser (12) of stove, regulating and controlling can guarantee full stove suction unanimity, also can guarantee the different suction that different heights should have.Body of heater bottom flue partition (11) is gone up the interior warm air road (32) of input of straight-through coking chamber (2), it infeeds the air of trace to its gas inlet (15) by wedge type plug control (blower system is arranged), even a spot of gas-fired in this place and do not make the semicoke ashing like this avoids taking place at this place detonation again.Air gives the different heights that hot cell (5) is distributed in body of heater, give warm air and infeed flue (10) from different positions, this makes flue have multistage incendiary function, the gas inlet (15) that links to each other with flue (10) is plugged with asbestos twine, regulate its opening degree, guaranteed the homogeneity of full stove height to heating.The air that gives hot cell (15) through air has reclaimed the heat energy of high-temp waste gas in the bottom flue (4), improved the temperature of self, has promoted coke oven in the combustion chamber to add the abundant burning of heating gas.Bottom flue adjusted brick (30) between Burning Room (6) and the bottom flue (4) can further be regulated the suction of each flue, to guarantee the horizontal homogeneous heating of full stove.The top of Burning Room (6) is provided with overfiren air port (16), can infeed an amount of air to guarantee that residual compound is fully burnt in the high-temp waste gas, make the discharging flue gas reach national requirements for environmental protection, fuel spreader has liquid packing on (8), after every bucket coal charge of bucket type coal hoist (21) is unsnatched, close liquid packing, improved the furnace roof operating environment.Whole Proper Design is a vertical structure, and the scraper plate machine discharges of the coke, and makes full furnace operating mechanize and continuous production, has prolonged converter life.

Principle of operation and the process of introducing coke oven of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing are as follows:

Going into the stove coal charge delivers to furnace roof fluid-tight fuel spreader (8) back by bucket type coal hoist (21) and rotates continuously with the scraper plate machine (23) that discharges of the coke, bucket (9) falls into fluid-tight quenching groove (22) the discharging of the coke through the jacket water (J.W.) cold type and the semicoke that extinguishes scrapes, the coal charge of whole coking chamber is slowly descending under the action of gravity automatically, and the coal charge of the fluid-tight fuel spreader (8) of packing into also slowly enters coking chamber (21).When these coal charges are reduced to the level height of Burning Room (6), enter drying zone, effusion moisture enters Burning Room (6) through baker duct (7).When coal charge continues to descend, enter dry distillation area (about 600 ℃ of temperature), at this moment there are a large amount of raw gas to separate out, the raw gas that part is separated out is through the grid of coking chamber thin-walled checker brick (27), enter the flue (10) of combustion chamber (3), simultaneously, entering air that air gives hot cell (5) from the adjustable air of different flue height inlet (15) infeeds flue (10) with different amounts from different height and carries out multistage with coal gas and burn through giving the heat back, the heat that burning produces passes to the coal charge of coking chamber again, coal charge is heated and continues to separate out volatile matter, residual gas and part chemical products are extracted out from raw gas duct (31), send the receipts system back to through effuser (12).When coal charge drops to coking chamber (2) bottom, by interior warm air road (32) input micro-air, make destructive distillation temperature raising eventually, behind the whole warm high-temperature zone of furnace charge process destructive distillation, be transformed into the semicoke product and enter discharge of the coke bucket (9) cooling of jacket water (J.W.) cold type, enter fluid-tight quenching groove (22) quenching in succession, the semicoke that extinguishes is scraped continuously and is sent to coke bin by the scraper plate machine (23) that discharges of the coke.High-temp waste gas after the burning of flue (10) multistage is crossed over hole (29) through the flue bottom and is entered cylindrical bottom flue (4) rising, these high-temp waste gas will enter the air heat exchange of flue (10) with its both sides in the uphill process of bottom flue (4), make air give heat.After high-temp waste gas and the air heat exchange, adjusted brick (30) through bottom flue (4) top enters Burning Room (6), infeed an amount of air of Burning Room (6) simultaneously from overfiren air port (16), residue in the high-temp waste gas is fully burnt, fully waste gas after burning divides flue plugboard (25) to enter chimney (26) through a minute flue (24).

Claims (1)

1. A kind of by body of heater (1), coking chamber (2), combustion chamber (3), bottom flue (4), air gives hot cell (5), Burning Room (6), baker duct (7), fluid-tight fuel spreader (8), the jacket water (J.W.) cold type bucket (9) that discharges of the coke, flue (10), flue partition (11), effuser (12), flue peephole (13), furnace wall (14), gas inlet (15), overfiren air port (16), thermal insulation layer (17), furnace body support (18), coke roof (19), furnace retaining ironware (20), bucket type coal hoist (21), fluid-tight quenching groove (22), the scraper plate machine (23) that discharges of the coke, divide flue (24), divide flue plugboard (25), a kind of continuous coking iron alloy coke furnace that chimney (26) is formed, it is characterized in that: the wall of coking chamber (2) is thin-walled checker brick (27) structures, and be communicated with the flue (10) of two side combusion chambers (3), be provided with the leap hole (29) of adjusting brick (28) down in the bottom of flue (10), and be communicated with bottom flue (4) by crossing over hole (29), be provided with Burning Room (6) at the top of bottom flue (4), Burning Room (6) and bottom flue (4) part that communicates is provided with adjusted brick (30), the top of Burning Room (6) is provided with the peephole of bottom flue (4), and double as overfiren air port (16), the partition wall of combustion chamber (3) adopts special shaped brick to constitute, on partition wall, be provided with warm air road (32) in raw gas duct (31) and the input, the air that constitutes coking chamber (2) both sides with special shaped brick on the bottom flue wall gives hot cell (5), and is distributed in the different heights position of combustion chamber (3).