CN103554415B - 水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，其特征在于，它是用二异氰酸酯、聚酯多元醇生成NCO封端的聚预体，然后用亲水扩链剂扩链，再用三乙胺中和，最后加入含乙二胺的水溶液进行后扩链。本发明胶水软化点高，粘结牢度强，耐水煮，且在作用过程中无有害物质释放，制备的产品是一种节能环保型胶水。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及热熔胶技术领域，更具体的是涉及一种水性热熔胶。
背景技术
热熔胶是一种可塑性的粘合剂，在一定温度范围内其物理状态随温度改变而改变，而化学特性不变，其无毒无味，属环保型化学产品。热熔胶粘合是利用热熔胶机通过热力把热熔胶熔解，熔胶后的胶成为一种液体，通过热熔胶机的热熔胶管和热熔胶枪，送到被粘合物表面，热熔胶冷却后即完成了粘合。经常使用的热熔胶有EVA、PE、PES、PA、TPU等，这种热熔胶常温下为固体，使用时需高温熔融，熔融后粘度大，流动性不好，可操作性不强，涂布厂渴望寻求一种粘度低，涂布方便，使用温度低，且环保型的热熔胶。
水性热熔胶常温下为液态，粘度适中，可刷、浸、淋、喷、辊涂，与固态热熔胶相比，使用温度低，大量节省电力，是新型的高科技环保产品
目前国内外采用的水性热熔胶是VEA乳液和水性聚氨酯树脂，其粘结强度及耐常温水洗情况还算良好，但其在沸水洗涤后会脱粘。理想的热熔胶，应该保证足够的粘结强度的前提下，尽量降低其熔融温度，同时尽量提高其软化点。而通常热熔胶的软化点随其熔融温度的降低而降低，如何解决这一矛盾，一直是热熔胶研究领域的重要课题。通常加入潜伏性固化剂，制备反应固化性热熔胶是一条有效的途径，近年来成为热熔胶一个重要的发展方向。对现有EVA、PA、LLDPE，聚酯传统热熔胶品种进行接枝，掺混，共聚等改性，也有大量文献报道，但由于粉体热熔胶制备过程中采用液氮低温冷冻粉碎工艺，消耗大量的液氮和电力，能耗较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决现有技术之不足而提供的一种气味小、无污染、耐水性好的水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法。
本发明是采用如下技术解决方案来实现上述目的：一种水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，其特征在于，它是用二异氰酸酯、聚酯多元醇生成NCO封端的聚预体，然后用亲水扩链剂扩链，再用三乙胺中和，最后加入含乙二胺的水溶液进行后扩链，表现为：
具体方法为：
在氮气保护下，按重量份将聚酯多元醇50-70份、聚醚二元醇0-20份、小分子二醇2-4份、二异氰酸酯15-25份在80-85℃反应2-3h，加亲水扩链剂3-6份在80-85℃继续反应3-5h，降温至38-45℃加三乙胺反应25-35min，加入含乙二胺的水溶液分散0.5-1h，即得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述的高结晶性、高熔点聚酯多元醇为F-3000、F-7931或F-88931。
所述的小分子二醇为EG、BDO或HG。
所述的聚醚二元醇为PPG2000或PTMG2000.
所述的二异氰酸酯为IPDI或H12MDI。
所述的亲水扩链剂为DMPA或DMBA。
本发明采用上述技术解决方案所能达到的有益效果是：
本发明采用高结晶性、高熔点的聚酯多元醇作为聚氨酯软段，合成出软化点为100-120℃，熔点为150-180℃的水性聚氨酯热熔胶，产品气味小、不污染环境，耐水性优良，经多次试验测试，90℃水洗两小时不脱落。
具体实施方式
本发明一种水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，它是用二异氰酸酯、聚酯多元醇生成NCO封端的聚预体，然后用亲水扩链剂扩链，再用三乙胺中和，最后加入含乙二胺的水溶液进行后扩链，表现为：
具体方法为：
在氮气保护下，按重量份将聚酯多元醇50-70份、聚醚二元醇0-20份、小分子二醇2-4份、二异氰酸酯15-25份在80-85℃反应2-3h，加亲水扩链剂3-6份在80-85℃继续反应3-5h，降温至40℃加三乙胺反应25-35min，加入含乙二胺的水溶液分散0.5-1h，即得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶。所述的高结晶性、高熔点聚酯多元醇为F-3000、F-7931或F-88931；小分子二醇为EG、BDO或HG；聚醚二元醇为PPG2000或PTMG2000；二异氰酸酯为IPDI或H12MDI；亲水扩链剂为DMPA或DMBA。
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述。
在氮气保护下，按重量份将75g的F-3000、1.7g的BDO、19.8g的IPDI，在80-85℃反应2-3h，加3.5g的DMPA在80-85℃继续反应3-5h，降温至40℃加三乙胺2.6g反应30min，加入含1g乙二胺的水溶液分散0.5-1h，得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶PU-112，其产品典型特性如下：
| 固含 | 40% |
| 粘度 | 280cps |
| PH | 7.5 |
| 胶膜软化点 | 105-117℃ |
| 胶膜熔点 | 150-180℃ |
用PU-112将牛仔布和无纺布热压粘合后性能结果如下：
| 剥离力 | >10N |
| 常温水洗 | 2小时*6个循环 |
| 沸水洗 | 2小时不脱落 |
实施例2
在氮气保护下，按重量份将65g的F-7931、10g的PPG2000、1.7g的BDO、19.8g的IPDI，在80-85℃反应2-3h，加DMPA，3.5g在80-85℃继续反应3-5h，降温至40℃加三乙胺2.6g反应30min，加入含1g乙二胺的水溶液分散0.5-1h，得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶PU-113,其产品典型特性如下：
| 固含 | 40% |
| 粘度 | 350cps |
| PH | 7.6 |
| 胶膜软化点 | 103-119℃ |
| 胶膜熔点 | 152-180℃ |
用PU-112将牛仔布和无纺布热压粘合后性能结果如下：
| 剥离力 | >10N |
| 常温水洗 | 2小时*6个循环 |
| 沸水洗 | 2小时不脱落 |
实施例3
在氮气保护下，按重量份将55g的F-88931、20g的PPG2000、1.65g的BDO、19.85g的IPDI，在80-85℃反应2-3h，加DMPA，3.5g在80-85℃继续反应3-5h，降温至40℃加三乙胺2.6g反应30min，加入含1g乙二胺的水溶液分散0.5-1h，得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶PU-113,其产品典型特性如下：
| 固含 | 40% |
| 粘度 | 320cps |
| PH | 7.6 |
| 胶膜软化点 | 97-116℃ |
| 胶膜熔点 | 150-180℃ |
用PU-113将牛仔布和无纺布热压粘合后性能结果如下：
| 剥离力 | >10N |
| 常温水洗 | 2小时*6个循环 |
| 沸水洗 | 2小时不脱落 |
以上3个实施案例结果表明，采用F-3000、F-7931或F-88931合成的水性聚氨酯热熔胶其软化点和熔点都可以设计在需求范围之内，布料用其粘结后其剥离强度及耐沸水洗性能匀较好。
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，其特征在于，它是用二异氰酸酯、聚酯多元醇生成NCO封端的聚预体，然后用亲水扩链剂扩链，再用三乙胺中和，最后加入含乙二胺的水溶液进行后扩链，具体方法为：
在氮气保护下，按重量份将聚酯多元醇为F-3000、F-7931或F-8893150-70份、聚醚二元醇0-20份、小分子二醇2-4份、二异氰酸酯15-25份在80-85℃反应2-3h，加亲水扩链剂3-6份在80-85℃继续反应3-5h，降温至38-45℃加三乙胺反应25-35min，加入含乙二胺的水溶液分散0.5-1h，即得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的小分子二醇为EG、BDO或HG。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的聚醚二元醇为PPG2000或PTMG2000。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的二异氰酸酯为IPDI或H12MDI。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的水性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的亲水扩链剂为DMPA或DMBA。
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