CN103552581A - Wheel sensor - Google Patents
Wheel sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103552581A CN103552581A CN201310559802.1A CN201310559802A CN103552581A CN 103552581 A CN103552581 A CN 103552581A CN 201310559802 A CN201310559802 A CN 201310559802A CN 103552581 A CN103552581 A CN 103552581A
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Abstract
The invention provides a wheel sensor. A corresponding amplitude modulation unit comprises a bridge circuit and two coils with the same parameters, wherein the bridge circuit and the two coils are arranged at the same side of a rail; a phase unit comprises a transmitting coil and a receiving coil which are respectively located at the two sides of the rail; the transmitting coil is used for producing alternating flux and sensing same-frequency alternating-current signals through coupling with the receiving coil; a signal processing unit is used for producing and providing square wave with preset frequency for the transmitting coil, producing and providing sine wave with preset frequency for the bridge circuit and obtaining the axle counters state of a vehicle in a region according to the output signal of the bridge circuit and the received alternating flux signals output by the coils. By using the wheel sensor, the wheel arriving and departing states can be detected, the physical center of a wheel can be accurately captured, the working state cannot be influenced by ballast bed, rail and circuit conditions, external white noise can be eliminated, and the influence on the coils, caused by high-voltage electric field, electromagnetic wave and the like nearby electrified railways can be removed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of train that can detect by the wheel sensor of the number of axle and wheel physical centre position, belong to safety of railway traffic monitoring and fault early warning system field.
Background technology
In order to guarantee railway transportation production safety, Tiedaobu Transportation Bureau constructively proposes rail vehicle safe in operation and takes precautions against forewarn system (being called for short " 5T " system), specifically comprises infrared journal temperature detection system, TPDS, freight car rolling bearing early fault rail limit acoustics diagnose system, TFDS and Train Coach Diagnosis System." 5T " system adopts intellectuality, networking and informationization technology, realization is carried out detection of dynamic, data centralization, remote monitor and control, information sharing to the situation of operating train, and System is to the Ministry of Railways, each relevant departments of railway just can carry out according to system information the enforcement of rational despatching work " 5T " system like this, not only be conducive to improve railway transport capacity, but also can reduce railway servant's working strength.Therefore, " 5T " system is with a wide range of applications.
The equipment of " 5T " system must be equipped with " wheel sensor " and could normally move.At present, existing wheel sensor generally adopts active Hall wheel sensor and passive wheel sensor.Active Hall wheel sensor cardinal principle is when electric current flows through conductor perpendicular to outer magnetic field direction, in the both sides of the direction conductor perpendicular to electric current and magnetic field, can produce certain electric potential difference, and this electric potential difference is relevant with the variation of external magnetic field.When locomotive wheel is surperficial through Hall components and parts; the increase that relatively detects distance due to changes of magnetic field reduces rapidly; conventionally the ultimate range that Hall element detects is 10mm left and right; and induced signal varies with temperature obvious; detect baseline very unstable; application at cold district is restricted, and range of use has certain limitation.Passive wheel sensor is mainly to utilize electromagnetic induction principle, the permanent magnet that nd-fe-b is made is placed between the coil being wound around, in the time of directly over train wheel process permanent magnet, the magnetic field that causes permanent magnet is changed, thereby make coil two ends produce induced electric motive force, by detecting having or not of this induced electric motive force, determine wheel physical centre due in, but when train running speed is lower, for example, lower than 5km/h in the situation that, because the caused changes of magnetic field of wheel movement is very little, thereby the induced electric motive force that coil produces is also just very little, cause passive sensor induced electric motive force cannot be detected, also just cannot record wheel physical centre due in.
Summary of the invention
Affected by environment large, the problem that cannot to the train of low cruise detect of the present invention for solving that existing wheel sensor exists, and then a kind of wheel sensor is provided.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
, comprising: AM unit, phase unit and signal processing unit;
Described AM unit comprises bridge circuit and two coils that parameter is identical, and described bridge circuit and two described coils are arranged on the homonymy of rail;
Described phase unit comprises and sends coil and receiving coil, and described sending and receiving coil lays respectively at rail both sides, and described transmission coil is for generation of alternating flux, and induces with AC signal frequently by the described receiving coil that is coupled;
Described signal processing unit for generation of the square wave of preset frequency and offer described transmission coil and and the sinusoidal waveform that produces preset frequency offer described bridge circuit, and according to the alternating flux signal acquisition vehicle of the output signal of described bridge circuit and the output of described receiving coil the meter shaft state in region
Beneficial effect of the present invention: not only can arrive and leave by inspection vehicle wheel, also can accurately catch the physical centre of wheel; By oscillating circuit, produce pumping signal, antijamming capability is strong, and its mode of operation is not subject to the impact of railway roadbed, track condition, line conditions; By the induced voltage of coil and bridge output voltage are carried out to frequency-selecting, filtering, can eliminate by extraneous white noise, and near the impact on coil such as high voltage electric field, electromagnetic wave electrified railway, further improved the judging nicety rate of sensor; If there is fault in the coil of AM unit, can not relate to phase unit yet, phase unit can also work on, and the arrival of wheel still can be detected and leave, and has improved safety and reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that wheel sensor provided by the invention is arranged on the structural representation on rail;
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of wheel sensor provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the principle of work schematic diagram of phase unit provided by the invention.
The specific embodiment
In order more clearly to illustrate feature of the present invention and work groundwork, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be described.
This specific embodiment provides a kind of wheel sensor, comprising: AM unit, phase unit and signal processing unit;
Described AM unit comprises bridge circuit and two coils that parameter is identical, and described bridge circuit and two described coils are arranged on the homonymy of rail;
Described phase unit comprises and sends coil and receiving coil, and described sending and receiving coil lays respectively at rail both sides, and described transmission coil is for generation of alternating flux, and induces with AC signal frequently by the described receiving coil that is coupled;
The square wave that described signal processing unit is 62.5kHz for generation of frequency and offer described transmission coil and and produce the sinusoidal waveform that frequency is 62.5kHz and offer described bridge circuit, and according to the alternating flux signal acquisition vehicle of the output signal of described bridge circuit and the output of described receiving coil the meter shaft state in region
Concrete, coil can adopt the picture control coil of large number of turn enamel wire, in the middle of coil, does not add any magnetic material, and bridge circuit is comprised of electric capacity and resistance.
The principle of work of the wheel sensor that this specific embodiment provides is: as shown in Figure 1, train wheel is successively through the first coil a and the second coil b, when through the first coil a but not through the second coil b, due to not identical on the impact of the first coil a and the second coil b generation, bridge circuit lack of equilibrium can produce output signal, when the mid point through the first coil a and the second coil b and wheel physical centre position overlap with this mid point, due to identical with the impact that the second coil b produces on the first coil a, so bridge circuit is balance still, output signal is out-of-date consistent with not having train to enter, afterwards through the second coil b but not through the first coil a, due to not identical on the impact of the first coil a and the second coil b generation, bridge circuit lack of equilibrium can produce output signal equally, by signal processing unit, just can detect intermediate equilibria constantly, and calculate the physical centre of wheel, now can think that this is constantly for arriving constantly in train wheel center, t4 is as shown in Figure 3 center and arrives constantly.
The principle of work of the phase unit in the wheel sensor that this specific embodiment provides is: as shown in Figure 1, when using first-phase bit location A and second-phase bit location B, transmission coil in first-phase bit location A and second-phase bit location B produces respectively alternating flux, and the receiving coil of first-phase bit location A and second-phase bit location B receives respectively two and sends two groups of alternating flux signals that coil produces simultaneously, and respectively export a signal element by impulse form, as the t1 in Fig. 3, t2 and t6, signal element between t7, when train is run at high speed, t1, between t2 and t6, time gap between t7 is very little, now can think that t1 or t6 are constantly for arriving constantly in train wheel center.
Signal processing unit in the wheel sensor that this specific embodiment provides as shown in Figure 2, comprise oscillating circuit, ac amplifier circuit, frequency dividing circuit, low-pass filter circuit, detecting circuit, selective frequency filter circuit, phase discriminator and main control unit, device used comprises high-operational amplifier OPA2277, univibrator CD4098, phaselocked loop CD4096, counting machine CD4024 and General operational amplifier TL072 etc., the signal output part of described oscillating circuit is connected with the signal input part of described ac amplifier circuit, the signal output part of described ac amplifier circuit is connected with the signal input part of described frequency dividing circuit, the signal output part of described frequency dividing circuit is connected with the signal input part of described transmission coil with described low-pass filter circuit, the signal output part of described low-pass filter circuit is connected with the signal input part of described bridge circuit, the signal output part of described bridge circuit is connected with the signal input part of described detecting circuit, the signal output part of described bridge circuit is connected with the signal input part of described detecting circuit, the signal output part of described receiving coil is connected with the signal input part of described selective frequency filter circuit, the signal output part of described selective frequency filter circuit is connected with the signal input part of described phase discriminator, the signal output part of described detecting circuit and phase discriminator is connected with the signal input part of described main control unit.
The principle of work of described signal processing unit is: the sinusoidal waveform that signal processing unit produces preset frequency by oscillating circuit, ac amplifier circuit, frequency dividing circuit and low-pass filter circuit is supplied with the bridge circuit of AM unit, then by detecting circuit, extracts the output signal of unbalanced bridge circuit; Signal processing unit also produces the transmission coil generation alternating flux of the square wave supply phase unit of preset frequency by oscillating circuit, ac amplifier circuit and frequency dividing circuit, again the receiving coil induction by selective frequency filter circuit and phase discriminator reception & disposal phase unit from the alternating flux signal that sends coil, the output signal by alternating flux signal and unbalanced bridge circuit obtains the meter shaft state of vehicle in region.
Wherein, when signal processing unit is supplied with the transmission coil of phase unit by the square wave of oscillating circuit, ac amplifier circuit and frequency dividing circuit generation preset frequency, the square-wave signal of this preset frequency produces the AC bridge circuit of the sinusoidal waveform supply AM unit of same frequency by passive Butterworth filter circuit.
The technical scheme that adopts this specific embodiment to provide, has advantages of following:
1, not only can arrive and leave by inspection vehicle wheel, also can accurately catch the physical centre of wheel.The present invention is the novel train wheel sensor that phase type and amplitude modulation combine, when the train is running at its top speed, sensor phase unit just can detect number and the center of train wheel, and when using first-phase bit location A and second-phase bit location B, can also obtain direction of traffic and the moving velocity of train, when low speed is walked or drive slowly, phase unit can detect the number of train wheel equally, but can't detect the center of wheel, meanwhile, train wheel is to AM unit C generation effect, the bridge arm equivalent impedance that exchanges electric balance in AM unit C is changed, make electric bridge lack of equilibrium produce output signal, sensor signal processing unit is processed the output signal of electric bridge, thereby the physical centre position of train wheel detected, no matter train is at fast state or at lower-speed state like this, Novel wheel detector can both detect the center of wheel accurately,
2, by oscillating circuit, produce pumping signal, antijamming capability is strong, and its mode of operation is not subject to the impact of railway roadbed, track condition, line conditions;
3, the enamel wire that the coil using is intensive winding, is used the mode of large number of turn coil, can improve the amplitude of induced voltage, thereby improve the sensitivity of this sensor;
4, signal processing unit is by carrying out frequency-selecting, filtering to the induced voltage of coil and bridge output voltage, can eliminate by extraneous white noise, and near the impact on coil such as high voltage electric field, electromagnetic wave electrified railway, further improved the judging nicety rate of sensor;
If fault has occurred the coil of 5 AM units, it does not relate to phase unit, and phase unit can also work on, and the arrival of wheel still can be detected and leave, and this is conducive to the safety and reliability that guarantees that the present invention uses.
The above; it is only the preferably specific embodiment of the present invention; these specific embodiment are all the different implementations based under general idea of the present invention; and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (5)
1. a wheel sensor, is characterized in that, comprising: AM unit, phase unit and signal processing unit;
Described AM unit comprises bridge circuit and two coils that parameter is identical, and described bridge circuit and two described coils are arranged on the homonymy of rail;
Described phase unit comprises and sends coil and receiving coil, and described sending and receiving coil lays respectively at rail both sides, and described transmission coil is for generation of alternating flux, and induces with AC signal frequently by the described receiving coil that is coupled;
Described signal processing unit for generation of the square wave of preset frequency and offer described transmission coil and and the sinusoidal waveform that produces preset frequency offer described bridge circuit, and according to the alternating flux signal acquisition vehicle of the output signal of described bridge circuit and the output of described receiving coil the meter shaft state in region.
2. wheel sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described signal processing unit comprises oscillating circuit, ac amplifier circuit, frequency dividing circuit, low-pass filter circuit, detecting circuit, selective frequency filter circuit, phase discriminator and main control unit, the signal output part of described oscillating circuit is connected with the signal input part of described ac amplifier circuit, the signal output part of described ac amplifier circuit is connected with the signal input part of described frequency dividing circuit, the signal output part of described frequency dividing circuit is connected with the signal input part of described transmission coil with described low-pass filter circuit, the signal output part of described low-pass filter circuit is connected with the signal input part of described bridge circuit, the signal output part of described bridge circuit is connected with the signal input part of described detecting circuit, the signal output part of described bridge circuit is connected with the signal input part of described detecting circuit, the signal output part of described receiving coil is connected with the signal input part of described selective frequency filter circuit, the signal output part of described selective frequency filter circuit is connected with the signal input part of described phase discriminator, the signal output part of described detecting circuit and phase discriminator is connected with the signal input part of described main control unit.
3. wheel sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coil is the picture control coil of large number of turn enamel wire.
4. wheel sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described bridge circuit is comprised of electric capacity and resistance.
5. wheel sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sinusoidal waveform of described preset frequency is supplied with the bridge circuit of described AM unit by the sinusoidal waveform of passive Butterworth filter circuit generation same frequency.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310559802.1A CN103552581B (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2013-11-12 | Wheel sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310559802.1A CN103552581B (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2013-11-12 | Wheel sensor |
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| CN103552581A true CN103552581A (en) | 2014-02-05 |
| CN103552581B CN103552581B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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| CN201310559802.1A Expired - Fee Related CN103552581B (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2013-11-12 | Wheel sensor |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI635978B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-09-21 | 龐巴迪運輸（Ｚｗｕｓ）波蘭有限責任公司 | Wheel detector for detecting a wheel of a rail vehicle |
| CN109733438A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-10 | 深圳科安达电子科技股份有限公司 | Wheel detector |
| CN111315628A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2020-06-19 | 西门子交通有限公司 | Sensor device |
| CN113264084A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-17 | 海宁德科隆电子有限公司 | Track axle counting sensor |
| CN114102134A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-01 | 苏州大学附属儿童医院 | Sensor and assembling equipment of sensor |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI635978B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-09-21 | 龐巴迪運輸（Ｚｗｕｓ）波蘭有限責任公司 | Wheel detector for detecting a wheel of a rail vehicle |
| CN111315628A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2020-06-19 | 西门子交通有限公司 | Sensor device |
| CN111315628B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2022-04-01 | 西门子交通有限公司 | Sensor device |
| CN109733438A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-10 | 深圳科安达电子科技股份有限公司 | Wheel detector |
| CN113264084A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-17 | 海宁德科隆电子有限公司 | Track axle counting sensor |
| CN114102134A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-01 | 苏州大学附属儿童医院 | Sensor and assembling equipment of sensor |
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| CN103552581B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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