CN103546079A - Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor - Google Patents
Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103546079A CN103546079A CN201210236249.3A CN201210236249A CN103546079A CN 103546079 A CN103546079 A CN 103546079A CN 201210236249 A CN201210236249 A CN 201210236249A CN 103546079 A CN103546079 A CN 103546079A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel method and a novel device for controlling a series excited motor. The series excited motor is wide in rotating speed adjusting range, high in overload capacity and large in moment at low rotating speed, thereby having quite large starting torque and soft mechanical property and being widely applied in various industrial fields. Reversing control of the series excited motor is realized through an externally-connected reversing contactor in a conventional direct-current brush-type series excited motor control method, chopping speed adjusting is realized by adopting a power device inside a controller, and the conventional method has the disadvantages that the reversing contactor is high in cost and poor in stability and reliability and can generate sparking, arcing, adhering and the like during hot-line work, thereby seriously influencing service life and reliability of a system, and dynamic property is poor. By a topological structure, smooth reversing of a direct-current series excited motor can be realized in a contactor-free manner through a power electronic device, and reversing and motor modulation are integrated, so that the number of used switch devices is reduced, cost and thermal power consumption of the system are lowered, and efficiency and dynamic property of the system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of novel series machine control method and device.Relate to brush direct current motor control and realize electronic commutation control, and improve power density and the dynamic property of DC motor speed drive system, the stability of elevator system, reliability, and reduce system cost.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of power electronic technology, power electronic equipment is all widely used.At present, direct current machine and control system thereof are widely used in fields such as servo speed governing, new-energy automobiles.
Traditional DC brush series machine control method is by external directional contactor, to realize series machine commutation to control.The inner power device that adopts of controller is realized chopping regulating speed.The defect of this kind of method is: directional contactor cost is high, and stability, poor reliability there will be the phenomenons such as sparking, arcing, adhesion when belt current operates, and have a strong impact on lifetime of system, reliability, and dynamic characteristic are poor.
In former patent, also there are the control method and the device that relate to series machine, for example: Chinese invention patent application number is the patent of 201010202364.X, disclose a kind of dependence under the condition of current sensor, can realize the method for the no contact electronic security(ELSEC) commutation of direct current series-excited motor.The full-bridge circuit that its method is to adopt thyristor to form is realized the commutation of direct current series-excited motor winding, and adopt the half-bridge chopper circuit that thyristor forms to equate with excitation winding and the armature winding electric current of commutation fly-wheel diode control direct current series-excited motor, by the switch chopper circuit in half-bridge circuit, regulate the electromagnetic torque of direct current series-excited motor big or small.
Chinese invention patent application number is 201010166489.1 patent, disclose a kind of energy and eliminated electric spark unfavorable factor and the arcing of electromagnetic treadle and the problem of reliability of additionally bringing because of electronic commutation, made the method for the raising of whole direct current series-excited motor drive system operation stability, life.Its method is to adopt full-bridge circuit to control separately the control that excitation winding realizes bidirectional current; the one direction Current Control that adopts half-bridge chopper circuit (same excitation winding) separately to realize armature winding is guaranteed moment commutation; in the same size by Current Feedback Control two winding currents; and then the electric spark unfavorable factor of additionally bringing because of electronic commutation of the transient process of guaranteeing to commutate is eliminated, realize the no contact electronic security(ELSEC) commutation of direct current series-excited motor.
Foregoing invention patent comprises reversing unit and motor modulating unit physical structure simultaneously, and needs reversing unit and modulating unit to separate control, and control logic and structure are more complicated, causes system extra heat power consumption to increase, and Efficiency Decreasing and cost are high.
For above defect, the present invention merges reversing unit and modulating unit in physical structure.Than traditional structure, reduced the potential safety hazard causing because of contactor arcing, adhesion, and significantly improved dynamic characteristic and the power density of system.Than other electronic commutation structure, the switching device quantity adopting reduces, and system cost reduces, and can significantly improve speed adjusting performance, the reliability and stability of DC motor speed drive system, has reduced system heat power consumption simultaneously, improves system effectiveness.
Summary of the invention
The topological structure that the present invention proposes can pass through power electronic device, realizes direct current series-excited motor no contact smooth commutation, and it is integrated with motor modulation to commutate, thereby reduces system cost and heat power consumption, improves system effectiveness.
First, the H bridge construction that utilizes set of power switches to become, realizes commutation simultaneously and controls and motor modulation (as Fig. 1,2), has so just solved traditional structure and the existing fault of construction of other electronic commutation structure.
Secondly, by controlling H bridge portion switching device, be operated in copped wave (PWM) state, realized the high performance control of motor simultaneously.To commutate integrated with motor modulation, thereby save the power device that is specifically designed to motor chopping modulation, and reduce the heat power consumption being caused by power device, and reduce cost, and improve system effectiveness, power density gets a promotion, and the dynamic property of system is improved.
In addition, the break-make of power device can be controlled in real time by DSP or singlechip controller, is easy to realize intelligent control, and system modular degree is high, is easy to large-scale industrial production and detection.
In the present invention, power electronic device can adopt the classes of semiconductors devices such as MOSFET, IGBT, GTO, IGCT, thyristor, triode.Power electronic device comprises fly-wheel diode in parallel.
The present invention includes two kinds of connected modes, mode one: comprise a fly-wheel diode, a full-bridge circuit, a central signal processing unit, one group of gate drive circuit; Wherein the flash common port of full-bridge circuit is connected in DC bus positive potential; Two outputs of full-bridge circuit are connected in the two ends of excitation winding; Fly-wheel diode is in parallel with armature winding; The negative electrode of fly-wheel diode is connected in the low limit common port of full-bridge circuit; The anodic bonding of fly-wheel diode is in the negative pole of DC bus-bar voltage; Gating circuit is controlled the switch of the semiconductor device of full-bridge circuit; Central signal processing unit sends control logic signal to gate-control signal.
Mode two: comprise a fly-wheel diode, a full-bridge circuit, a central signal processing unit, one group of gate drive circuit; Fly-wheel diode is in parallel with armature winding, and the negative electrode of diode is connected to busbar voltage positive potential; Anode is connected to the flash common port of full-bridge circuit; Two outputs of full-bridge circuit are connected to the two ends of excitation winding; The low limit common port of full-bridge circuit is connected to DC bus-bar voltage negative potential; Gating circuit is controlled the switch of the semiconductor device of full-bridge circuit; Central signal processing unit sends control logic signal to gate-control signal.
accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is connected mode one topology diagram of novel series machine control method and device
Fig. 2 is connected mode two topology diagrams of novel series machine control method and device
The constitutional diagram of Fig. 3 on off state
embodiment:
The present invention is novel series machine control method and apparatus system, and it is realized generally based on total digital controller.It is core that all-digital signal can adopt TMS320F281X, TMS320F28335 or all kinds of single-chip microcomputer of high performance digital signal microprocessor (Digital Signal Processor) ，Ru TI company, can realize multi-channel A/D sampling and multi-channel PWM output.
When open loop is controlled, the output of the torque/speed of motor and the proportional relation of duty ratio.As being applied to electric automobile field, the states such as acceleration and deceleration, startup, braking all can be realized.During closed-loop control, by voltage, electric current, rotating speed/position transducer, sampling system instantaneous voltage, current value, sends in total digital controller, as computed duty cycle foundation.
Connection scheme one: the realization of commutation function to completing, is respectively switch to S1 & S4 and S2 & S3 by two groups of switches of alternate conduction.The realization of speed-regulating function completes in PWM state by controlling respective switch device.Take S1 and S4 conducting is example, if keep S1 in normal open state, S4 is in PWM state, and motor be now forward speed governing, and can realize the adjusting to motor speed and moment by the duty ratio of control S4.When S4 conducting, electric current is managed through S1 from the forward of power supply, excitation winding, and S4 pipe and armature winding flow to power cathode.When S4 turn-offs, excitation winding completes afterflow by the fly-wheel diode of switching device self, and armature winding completes afterflow by sustained diode.During motor reverse drive, switching device S2, S3 are in running order, and modulator approach in like manner can obtain.Patent PWM modulation of the present invention is not limited to unipolarity modulation.
Connection scheme two: the realization of commutation function to completing, is respectively switch to S1 & S4 and S2 & S3 by two groups of switches of alternate conduction.The realization of speed-regulating function completes in PWM state by controlling respective switch device.Take S1 and S4 conducting is example, if keep S1 in normal open state, S4 is in PWM state, and motor be now forward speed governing, and can realize the adjusting to motor speed and moment by the duty ratio of control S4.When S4 conducting, electric current is from the forward of power supply through armature winding, and S1 manages, and excitation winding and S4 pipe flow to power cathode.When S4 turn-offs, excitation winding completes afterflow by the fly-wheel diode of switching device self, and armature winding completes afterflow by sustained diode.During motor reverse drive, switching device S2, S3 are in running order, and modulator approach in like manner can obtain.Patent PWM modulation of the present invention is not limited to unipolarity modulation.
The conducting functional relation of switching device as shown in Figure 3.
Claims (4)
1. novel series machine control method and a device, is characterized in that complete (H) bridge circuit consisting of semiconductor device; This full-bridge circuit possesses two function: a simultaneously, by the bidirectional current of excitation winding is controlled to realize electronic commutation; B, the copped wave by full-bridge circuit realizes the rotating speed of motor and the control of moment.
By claim 1 can described in, a kind of novel series machine control method and device is characterized in that the semiconductor device of realizing full-bridge circuit comprises the classes of semiconductors devices such as MOSFET, IGBT, GTO, IGCT, thyristor, triode.
3. by described in claim 1,2, the connected mode one of a kind of novel series machine control method and device, is characterized in that: comprise a fly-wheel diode, a full-bridge circuit, a central signal processing unit, one group of gate drive circuit; Wherein the flash common port of full-bridge circuit is connected in DC bus positive potential; Two outputs of full-bridge circuit are connected in the two ends of excitation winding; Fly-wheel diode is in parallel with armature winding; The negative electrode of fly-wheel diode is connected in the low limit common port of full-bridge circuit; The anodic bonding of fly-wheel diode is in the negative pole of DC bus-bar voltage; Gating circuit is controlled the switch of the semiconductor device of full-bridge circuit; Central signal processing unit sends control logic signal to gate-control signal.
4. by described in claim 1,2, the connected mode two of a kind of novel series machine control method and device, is characterized in that: comprise a fly-wheel diode, a full-bridge circuit, a central signal processing unit, one group of gate drive circuit; Fly-wheel diode is in parallel with armature winding, and the negative electrode of diode is connected to busbar voltage positive potential; Anode is connected to the flash common port of full-bridge circuit; Two outputs of full-bridge circuit are connected to the two ends of excitation winding; The low limit common port of full-bridge circuit is connected to DC bus-bar voltage negative potential; Gating circuit is controlled the switch of the semiconductor device of full-bridge circuit; Central signal processing unit sends control logic signal to gate-control signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210236249.3A CN103546079B (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2012-07-10 | Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210236249.3A CN103546079B (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2012-07-10 | Novel method and novel device for controlling series excited motor |
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| CN103546079A true CN103546079A (en) | 2014-01-29 |
| CN103546079B CN103546079B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103312239A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-18 | 扬州大得机电科技有限公司 | Series direct-current motor four-switch topological device and control method thereof |
| CN104300853A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 东风电动车辆股份有限公司 | Series-excitation motor controller power module set structure with H-bridge reversing function |
| CN104518717A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-15 | 沈阳辽通电气有限公司 | Direct current speed regulator of series-excited motor |
| CN107733306A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-23 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | A kind of generator H bridges excitation unit and method suitable for aviation power system |
| CN107809192A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-03-16 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Motor driver, electric machine assembly and load drive device |
| CN107872185A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-03 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Load drive device, electric machine assembly and motor driver |
| CN111030523A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-04-17 | 淮安信息职业技术学院 | Electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulation circuit of direct current series excited motor |
| CN111585474A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-25 | 坦帕科技(北京)有限公司 | Electronic phase-changing constant excitation direction brake control system |
| CN112224391A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-15 | 四川航天烽火伺服控制技术有限公司 | Brake device and system |
| CN114268253A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-01 | 北京理工大学 | Direct current series excitation motor controller with energy feedback function |
| CN114268252A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-01 | 北京理工大学 | Series excitation direct current motor controller without mechanical contactor |
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| CN102594234A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-18 | 大连连顺电子有限公司 | Speed regulation driving integrated circuit for single-phase brushless direct current fan |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN1077319A (en) * | 1992-04-11 | 1993-10-13 | 杨泰和 | DC divided or compound excitation motor and circuit arrangement thereof with controllable dynamic property |
| JPH10513036A (en) * | 1995-01-24 | 1998-12-08 | アクティエボラゲット エレクトロルクス | Speed control device of series motor |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103312239A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-18 | 扬州大得机电科技有限公司 | Series direct-current motor four-switch topological device and control method thereof |
| CN104300853A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 东风电动车辆股份有限公司 | Series-excitation motor controller power module set structure with H-bridge reversing function |
| CN104300853B (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2017-07-07 | 东风电动车辆股份有限公司 | Series machine controller power module group structure with H bridge commutation functions |
| CN104518717A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-15 | 沈阳辽通电气有限公司 | Direct current speed regulator of series-excited motor |
| CN104518717B (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳辽通电气有限公司 | A kind of series machine DC speed regulator |
| CN107809192A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-03-16 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Motor driver, electric machine assembly and load drive device |
| CN107809192B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2021-03-16 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Motor drive device, motor assembly, and load drive device |
| CN107872185A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-03 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Load drive device, electric machine assembly and motor driver |
| CN107733306A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-23 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | A kind of generator H bridges excitation unit and method suitable for aviation power system |
| CN111585474A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-25 | 坦帕科技(北京)有限公司 | Electronic phase-changing constant excitation direction brake control system |
| CN111030523A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-04-17 | 淮安信息职业技术学院 | Electric energy feedback type stepless speed regulation circuit of direct current series excited motor |
| CN111030523B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2024-06-11 | 淮安信息职业技术学院 | Electric energy feedback stepless speed regulating circuit of direct current series excited motor |
| CN112224391A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-15 | 四川航天烽火伺服控制技术有限公司 | Brake device and system |
| CN114268253A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-01 | 北京理工大学 | Direct current series excitation motor controller with energy feedback function |
| CN114268252A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-01 | 北京理工大学 | Series excitation direct current motor controller without mechanical contactor |
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| CN103546079B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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Address after: 100070 Beijing Fengtai District Branch Road No. 7 Room 403 Patentee after: BEIJING UNISON ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 100070 Beijing Fengtai District Branch Road No. 7 Room 403 Patentee before: BEIJING UNISON ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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