CN103543313B - A kind of lightning current energy detection method, system and thunder resisting equipment - Google Patents
A kind of lightning current energy detection method, system and thunder resisting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103543313B CN103543313B CN201210244544.3A CN201210244544A CN103543313B CN 103543313 B CN103543313 B CN 103543313B CN 201210244544 A CN201210244544 A CN 201210244544A CN 103543313 B CN103543313 B CN 103543313B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0807—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by the application
- G01R29/0814—Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
- G01R29/0842—Measurements related to lightning, e.g. measuring electric disturbances, warning systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/08—Measuring current density
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of lightning current energy detection method, system and thunder resisting equipment.Method comprises the steps: that the lightning current to introducing in propagation path is sampled, and sample rate current becomes fixed proportion with lightning current;Sample rate current is carried out rectification;The electric charge of the sample rate current after rectification is stored, and stored total charge dosage is directly proportional to the total charge dosage of lightning current;Detect the magnitude of voltage of the total charge dosage of described storage, calculate the total charge dosage of lightning current, and be normalized to the total charge dosage of lightning current reference waveform function, calculate the peak value of the lightning current of corresponding lightning current reference waveform function.In the present invention, with lightning current energy for detection foundation, rather than with lightning current peak value for detection foundation.Because the damage capability of lightning current be directly proportional with its energy and its peak value of getting along well is directly proportional, have modified only with lightning current peak value for detect foundation method produced by uncontrollability error, lightning current damage capability can be reflected more really.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lightning current detection technique field, particularly relate to a kind of lightning current energy detection method, device and thunder resisting equipment.
Background technology
Lightning Disaster is the one in ten kinds of natural disasters the most serious of international publication.Annual Lightning Disaster accident is frequent, involves a wide range of knowledge, the security of the lives and property of broad masses of the people is constituted a serious threat.
Meanwhile people are for the research of thunder and lightning also in the middle of constantly deepening, and the definition of lightning current and measurement wherein can be described as all foundation stones for lightning intrusion, it can be seen that its importance.
But the thunder and lightning of nature is intricate, almost thunderbolt each time has different forms.Even if people can not find unique wave function to characterize all of thunderbolt by substantial amounts of data analysis.For the ease of quantitative analysis, IEC proposes a class waveform for thunder and lightning is described.As it is shown in figure 1, Ip represents the peak value of lightning wave, T1 represents apparent wave front time, and T2 represents apparent half time to peak.By specifying the value of T1/T2 just to finalize the design almost a kind of lightning current waveform, more just the size of lightning current be also specify after the numerical value of assigned I p, thus substantially can describe the substantially feature of a lightning current.
IEC(International Electrotechnical Commission) summarize lightning current reference waveform function representative under several different situations.The more commonly used lightning current reference waveform function has following several waveform: 8/20 μ s waveform characterizes the lightning current reference waveform function of indirect lightning strike, 10/350 μ s waveform sign is struck by lightning first lightning current reference waveform function, 0.25/100 μ s waveform characterize lightning current reference waveform function later first, and other lightning current reference waveform function also has 1.2/50 μ s, 10/700 μ s, 10/1000 μ s etc..
In the middle of the detection method of thunder-strike current also exploring always, its form is also varied, but is substantially all and is made up of three parts:
One, lightning current collecting part;
Two, data processing section;
Three, data output unit.
Relatively common collection lightning current method is such as diverter method, transformer method unshakable in one's determination, Rogowski coil method, hall device method, electric light, magneto-optical method etc., and obtains some practical applications.
Data process and generally all use the equipment such as single-chip microcomputer, microcomputer.
And for data output unit, actually no matter detection method how and data processing method how, prior art mostly presents two kinds of forms of expression:
1, the real-time waveform of lightning current is accurately depicted.
2, only detect the peak value of lightning current, and ignore or give tacit consent to the wave function of lightning current.
From the form of expression of prior art data output it can be seen that first kind of way is the most accurate, it is possible to the good feature embodying lightning current.However it is necessary that the instrument of precision, high cost, extraordinary shielding measure ....These characteristics determine first method generally will carry out special construction, including the cooperation of each equipment room, shielding measure, power purification, ground connection etc..It is commonly used in laboratory in the majority, is difficult to be carried out at user terminal.
And second way most convenient, owing to having only to the peak value of one lightning current of detection, therefore it can be acquired with very simple equipment and process computing, cost is extremely low, volume is only small is easy to carry, can being conveniently used for numerous occasions that testing requirement is not high, the lightning current including user terminal detects.
But problem is this method excessively to be simplified, and sometimes cannot reflect the energy size of lightning current even at all.
For an actual example, the lightning current of same peak I p=10KA, one is 8/20 μ s waveform, and one is 10/350 μ s waveform.Calculating their energy below is how many respectively.
For convenience of calculating, strobe pulse function model describes lightning current wave here, and its expression formula is as follows:
Wherein
The work done W that so lightning current acted on resistance R in the time of 0-t1 is:
(1) 8/20 μ s waveform:
Lightning current Ip=10KA, acts on the resistance of R=1 Ω;
8/20 μ s waveform should take n=3;τ1=15.5;τ2=5.7;
T1=10000 μ s is made for ease of comparing;
Substitute into above formula, can solve:
W8/20=1.23*103 (joule)
(2) 10/350 μ s waveforms:
Lightning current Ip=10KA, acts on the resistance of R=1 Ω;
10/350 μ s waveform should take n=3;τ1=3.2;τ2=476;
T1=10000 μ s is made for ease of comparing;
Substitute into above formula, can solve:
W10/350=2.53*104 (joule)
By calculated above it can be seen that 8/20 μ s lightning current of same lightning current peak value and 10/350 μ s lightning current, act on its energy above same resistance and differ 20.6 times.
If example above illustrates only so to bring huge error by Ip as the form of expression, even if what will not show in practical situation is so extreme in previous example, also certainly exist very big unreliability.
Such as certain equipment needs the intensity data of record indirect lightning strike, this situation typical waveform is 8/20 μ s waveform.But the 8/20 μ s waveform that actual thunderbolt situation is unlikely to be standard simply can be relatively, it may be possible to 9/25,5/30,8/35,7/15 μ s ... etc., there may be several times iff characterizing lightning current so actually energy error by peak I p.
Summary of the invention
A kind of lightning current energy detection method of offer is provided, aim to solve the problem that in present lightning current detection method, the mode accurately depicting the real-time waveform of lightning current needs the instrument of precision, high cost and extraordinary shielding measure, it is difficult to be carried out at user terminal, and only detect the peak value of lightning current, and the mode of the wave function ignored or give tacit consent to lightning current excessively simplifies, the problem that sometimes even at all cannot reflect the energy size of lightning current.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of lightning current energy detection method, comprises the steps:
The lightning current introduced in propagation path is sampled, and sample rate current becomes fixed proportion with lightning current;
Sample rate current is carried out rectification;
The electric charge of the sample rate current after rectification is stored, and stored total charge dosage is directly proportional to the total charge dosage of lightning current;
Detect the magnitude of voltage of the total charge dosage of described storage, calculate the total charge dosage of lightning current, and be normalized to the total charge dosage of lightning current reference waveform function, calculate the peak value of the lightning current of corresponding lightning current reference waveform function.
Further, described method is further comprising the steps of:
Show described lightning current reference waveform function name and lightning current peak value thereof.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lightning current energy detection system, including:
Lightning current sampling apparatus, for the lightning current introduced in propagation path is sampled, sample rate current becomes fixed proportion with lightning current;
Sample rate current fairing, input is connected with the outfan of described thunder and lightning sampling apparatus, for sample rate current is carried out rectification;
Sample rate current storage device, input is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current fairing, and for the electric charge of the sample rate current after rectification is stored, stored total charge dosage is directly proportional to the total charge dosage of lightning current;
Sample rate current analytical equipment, input is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current storage device, for detecting the magnitude of voltage of the total charge dosage of described storage, calculate the total charge dosage of lightning current, and it is normalized to the total charge dosage of lightning current reference waveform function, calculate the peak value of the lightning current of corresponding lightning current reference waveform function.
In said structure, described system also includes:
Display output device, input is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current analytical equipment, is used for showing described lightning current reference waveform function name and lightning current peak value thereof.
In said structure, described lightning current sampling apparatus includes Rogowski coil B101, and the two ends of described Rogowski coil B101 are connected with the input of sample rate current fairing, as the outfan of described lightning current sampling apparatus.
In said structure, described sample rate current fairing includes rectifier bridge stack U201, two inputs of described rectifier bridge stack U201 are connected with the outfan of lightning current sampling apparatus, input as described sample rate current device, two outfans of described rectifier bridge stack U201 are connected with sample rate current storage device, as the outfan of described sample rate current device.
In said structure, described sample rate current storage device includes electric capacity C301, first end of described electric capacity C301 is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current fairing and the input of sample rate current analytical equipment respectively, and second end of described electric capacity C301 is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current fairing and the input of sample rate current analytical equipment respectively.
In said structure, sample rate current analytical equipment includes MCU chip U401, the input of described MCU chip U401 is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current storage device, input as described sample rate current analytical equipment, the outfan of described MCU chip U401 is connected with the input of display output device, as the outfan of described sample rate current analytical equipment.
In said structure, described display output device includes LCD display D501, and the input of described LCD display D501 is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current analytical equipment, as the input of described display output device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of thunder resisting equipment including above-mentioned lightning current energy detection system.
In the present invention, with lightning current energy for detection foundation, rather than with lightning current peak value for detection foundation.Because the damage capability of lightning current be directly proportional with its energy and its peak value of getting along well is directly proportional, therefore have modified only with lightning current peak value for uncontrollability error produced by the method for detection foundation, the lightning current damage capability of people's real concern can be reflected more really.The present invention has that cost is low, is easy to implement, the advantage such as applied widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is lightning current reference waveform figure;
Fig. 2 is the flowchart of the lightning current energy detection method that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the lightning current energy detection system that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 4 is the physical circuit figure of the lightning current energy detection system that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, principle and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
In the present invention, pass through charge storage device, lightning current energy tapped by fixed proportion and stores, then detecting stored energy size, the lightning current reference waveform function being analyzed required for finally by formula these Energy Equivalents being scaled and peak value thereof.
What Fig. 2 illustrated the lightning current energy detection method that the embodiment of the present invention provides realizes flow process, and for the ease of illustrating, illustrate only part related to the present invention, details are as follows.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of lightning current energy detection method, comprises the steps:
In the step s 100, the lightning current introduced in propagation path being sampled, sample rate current becomes fixed proportion with lightning current;
In step s 200, sample rate current is carried out rectification;
In step S300, the electric charge of the sample rate current after rectification being stored, stored total charge dosage is directly proportional to the total charge dosage of lightning current;
In step S400, detect the magnitude of voltage of the total charge dosage of described storage, calculate the total charge dosage of lightning current, and be normalized to the total charge dosage of lightning current reference waveform function, calculate the peak value of the lightning current of corresponding lightning current reference waveform function.
As one embodiment of the invention, described method is further comprising the steps of:
In step S500, show described lightning current reference waveform function name and lightning current peak value thereof.
Fig. 3 illustrates the concrete structure of the lightning current energy detection system that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and for the ease of illustrating, illustrate only part related to the present invention, details are as follows.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lightning current energy detection system, including:
Lightning current sampling apparatus 100, for the lightning current introduced in propagation path is sampled, sample rate current becomes fixed proportion with lightning current;
Sample rate current fairing 200, input is connected with the outfan of described thunder and lightning sampling apparatus 100, for sample rate current is carried out rectification;
Sample rate current storage device 300, input is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current fairing 200, and for the electric charge of the sample rate current after rectification is stored, stored total charge dosage is directly proportional to the total charge dosage of lightning current;
Sample rate current analytical equipment 400, input is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current storage device 300, for detecting the magnitude of voltage of the total charge dosage of described storage, calculate the total charge dosage of lightning current, and it is normalized to the total charge dosage of lightning current reference waveform function, calculate the peak value of the lightning current of corresponding lightning current reference waveform function.
As one embodiment of the invention, described system also includes:
Display output device 500, input is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current analytical equipment, is used for showing described lightning current reference waveform function name and lightning current peak value thereof.
Fig. 4 illustrates the physical circuit of the lightning current energy detection system that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and for the ease of illustrating, illustrate only part related to the present invention, details are as follows.
As one embodiment of the invention, described lightning current sampling apparatus 100 includes Rogowski coil B101, and the two ends of described Rogowski coil B101 are the outfan of described lightning current sampling apparatus 100, are connected with the input of sample rate current fairing 200.
Relatively common collection lightning current method also has: diverter method, transformer method unshakable in one's determination, hall device method, electric light, magneto-optical method etc..
As one embodiment of the invention, described sample rate current fairing 200 includes rectifier bridge stack U201, two inputs of described rectifier bridge stack U201 are connected with the outfan of lightning current sampling apparatus 100, input as described sample rate current device, the outfan that two outfans are described sample rate current device of described rectifier bridge stack U201, is connected with sample rate current storage device 300.
As one embodiment of the invention, described sample rate current storage device 300 includes electric capacity C301, first end of described electric capacity C301 is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current fairing 200 and the input of sample rate current analytical equipment 400 respectively, and second end of described electric capacity C301 is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current fairing 200 and the input of sample rate current analytical equipment 400 respectively.
As one embodiment of the invention, sample rate current analytical equipment 400 includes MCU chip U401, the first input end in1 of described MCU chip U401 and the input that the second input in2 is described sample rate current analytical equipment, it is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current storage device 300, the outfan out of described MCU chip U401 is the outfan of described sample rate current analytical equipment, is connected with the input of display output device 500.
As one embodiment of the invention, described display output device 500 includes LCD display D501, and the input of described LCD display D501 is the input of described display output device, is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current analytical equipment 400.
Illustrate that the operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
This method will reality be struck by lightning in 9/25,5/30,8/35, the 7/15 μ s that produces ... etc. the gross energy normalizing of waveform lightning current be scaled the gross energy of 8/20 μ s waveform, then take corresponding current peak and display.Even can being scaled 10/350 μ s waveform by normalizing if necessary, the current peak then taking its correspondence displays simultaneously simultaneously.Now it is to be understood that " this thunderbolt Energy Equivalent be 8/20 μ s waveform thunderbolt Ip=x (ampere), or be equivalent to 10/350 μ s waveform thunderbolt Ip=y (ampere) ".
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of thunder resisting equipment including above-mentioned lightning current energy detection system.
In the present invention, with lightning current energy for detection foundation, rather than with lightning current peak value for detection foundation.Because the damage capability of lightning current be directly proportional with its energy and its peak value of getting along well is directly proportional, therefore have modified only with lightning current peak value for uncontrollability error produced by the method for detection foundation, the lightning current damage capability of people's real concern can be reflected more really.The present invention has that cost is low, is easy to implement, the advantage such as applied widely.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a lightning current energy detection method, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
The lightning current introduced in propagation path is sampled, and sample rate current becomes fixed proportion with lightning current;
Sample rate current is carried out rectification;
The electric charge of the sample rate current after rectification is stored, and stored total charge dosage is directly proportional to the total charge dosage of lightning current;
Detect the magnitude of voltage of the total charge dosage of described storage, calculate the total charge dosage of lightning current, and be normalized to the total charge dosage of the lightning current reference waveform function of 8/20 μ s or 10/350 μ s, calculate the peak value of the lightning current of corresponding lightning current reference waveform function;
Show name and the lightning current peak value thereof of described lightning current reference waveform function.
2. a lightning current energy detection system, it is characterised in that described system includes:
Lightning current sampling apparatus, for the lightning current introduced in propagation path is sampled, sample rate current becomes fixed proportion with lightning current;
Sample rate current fairing, input is connected with the outfan of described thunder and lightning sampling apparatus, for sample rate current is carried out rectification;
Sample rate current storage device, input is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current fairing, and for the electric charge of the sample rate current after rectification is stored, stored total charge dosage is directly proportional to the total charge dosage of lightning current;
Sample rate current analytical equipment, input is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current storage device, for detecting the magnitude of voltage of the total charge dosage of described storage, calculate the total charge dosage of lightning current, and it is normalized to the total charge dosage of the lightning current reference waveform function of 8/20 μ s or 10/350 μ s, calculate the peak value of the lightning current of corresponding lightning current reference waveform function;
Display output device, input is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current analytical equipment, for showing name and the lightning current peak value thereof of described lightning current reference waveform function.
3. lightning current energy detection system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described lightning current sampling apparatus includes Rogowski coil B101, and the two ends of described Rogowski coil B101 are the outfan of described lightning current sampling apparatus, are connected with the input of sample rate current fairing.
4. lightning current energy detection system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described sample rate current fairing includes rectifier bridge stack U201, the input that two inputs are described sample rate current fairing of described rectifier bridge stack U201, it is connected with the outfan of lightning current sampling apparatus, the outfan that two outfans are described sample rate current fairing of described rectifier bridge stack U201, is connected with sample rate current storage device.
5. lightning current energy detection system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described sample rate current storage device includes electric capacity C301, first end of described electric capacity C301 is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current fairing and the input of sample rate current analytical equipment respectively, and second end of described electric capacity C301 is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current fairing and the input of sample rate current analytical equipment respectively.
6. lightning current energy detection system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, sample rate current analytical equipment includes MCU chip U401, the first input end in1 of described MCU chip U401 and the input that the second input in2 is described sample rate current analytical equipment, it is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current storage device, the outfan out of described MCU chip U401 is the outfan of described sample rate current analytical equipment, is connected with the input of display output device.
7. lightning current energy detection system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described display output device includes LCD display D501, and the input of described LCD display D501 is the input of described display output device, is connected with the outfan of described sample rate current analytical equipment.
8. the thunder resisting equipment of the lightning current energy detection system that a kind includes as described in any one of claim 2-7.
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CN201210244544.3A CN103543313B (en) | 2012-07-16 | 2012-07-16 | A kind of lightning current energy detection method, system and thunder resisting equipment |
PCT/CN2013/075384 WO2014012393A1 (en) | 2012-07-16 | 2013-05-09 | Method and system for detecting lightning current energy and lightning protection device |
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CN105785164B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2019-02-05 | 上海雷迅防雷技术有限公司 | The judgment method and system of surge protector life expectancy |
CN106370919A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-01 | 深圳市中鹏电子有限公司 | Lightning current peak recording card |
US10650296B2 (en) | 2018-02-13 | 2020-05-12 | Erico International Corporation | Mobile card reader for lightning protection systems |
CN108802546A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-13 | 山东华安检测技术有限公司 | A kind of lightning protection device monitoring system |
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CN1182880A (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-05-27 | 深圳市华为技术有限公司 | Method for testing and evaluating lightning strike and equipment thereof |
CN2706767Y (en) * | 2004-05-22 | 2005-06-29 | 深圳锦天乐防雷技术有限公司 | Lightning recorder |
CN1721862A (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-01-18 | 深圳锦天乐防雷技术有限公司 | Method and equipment for recording lightning stroke current intensity and occurrence time |
CN102386608A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-03-21 | 佛山市佛电电器有限公司 | Intelligent lightning protection residual current circuit breaker |
CN202710643U (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2013-01-30 | 深圳远征技术有限公司 | Lightning current energy detection system and lightning protection device |
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JP2006275845A (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-10-12 | Toko Electric Corp | Lightning current measurement apparatus |
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CN1182880A (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-05-27 | 深圳市华为技术有限公司 | Method for testing and evaluating lightning strike and equipment thereof |
CN2706767Y (en) * | 2004-05-22 | 2005-06-29 | 深圳锦天乐防雷技术有限公司 | Lightning recorder |
CN1721862A (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-01-18 | 深圳锦天乐防雷技术有限公司 | Method and equipment for recording lightning stroke current intensity and occurrence time |
CN102386608A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-03-21 | 佛山市佛电电器有限公司 | Intelligent lightning protection residual current circuit breaker |
CN202710643U (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2013-01-30 | 深圳远征技术有限公司 | Lightning current energy detection system and lightning protection device |
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