CN103541579A - Small-thickness glass reinforced plastic chimney - Google Patents
Small-thickness glass reinforced plastic chimney Download PDFInfo
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- CN103541579A CN103541579A CN201310524511.9A CN201310524511A CN103541579A CN 103541579 A CN103541579 A CN 103541579A CN 201310524511 A CN201310524511 A CN 201310524511A CN 103541579 A CN103541579 A CN 103541579A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small-thickness glass reinforced plastic chimney. The chimney shaft wall comprises a lining functional layer, a middle structural layer and an optional outer protective layer, wherein the middle structural layer comprises a plurality of structural sub-layers from the inside to the outside of the glass reinforced plastic chimney. Each structural sub-layer consists of a structural single layer A, a structural single layer B, a structural single layer C and a structural single layer D, wherein the structural single layer A is a jet yarn layer or a unidirectional cloth layer. The structural single layer B does not exist or is an annular winding layer. The structural single layer C is a jet yarn layer or a unidirectional cloth layer. The structural single layer D is an annular winding layer. In addition, when the structural single layer A is the jet yarn layer, the structural single layer C is the unidirectional cloth layer; or when the structural single layer A is the unidirectional cloth layer, the structural single layer C is the jet yarn layer, and the thickness t of the middle structural layer is larger than or equal to 8 but smaller than 18mm. The small-thickness glass reinforced plastic chimney has good axial mechanical property and annular mechanical property, facilitates construction and quality control and is long in service life and suitable for a large thermal power plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chimney, be specifically related to a kind of low thickness glass steel stack.
Background technology
Fibre reinforced plastics, are to using fiber and its products as reinforcing material, with synthetic resin, make matrix material, the high-performance composite materials that form through specific moulding process.(Glass Fiber Reinforced plastics also claim glass fiber reinforced plastics to glass fiber reinforced plastic, internationally recognized dummy suffix notation is GFRP or FRP) be a kind of in fibre reinforced plastics, by synthetic resin and glass fiber through combination process, a kind of functional material being made, has good designability, workability and recoverability.
Domestic FRP was used for storage tank and pipeline in the past, and its design of material lays particular emphasis on and meets product function, not high to mechanical property requirements, and what need emphasis is the hoop performance of FRP product, and axial property is not had to special requirement.In recent years, because FRP product can solve the etching problem of chimney, engineer starts to consider that FRP is made to chimney to be used.
Large thermal power plant chimney vertically arranges, highly often surpasses 200m, is suspended in top or each support zone of concrete urceolus, and huge gravity load transmits vertically, and this loading characteristic requires the mechanical property of FRP chimney to take axially as main ring is to as auxiliary.Therefore, if FRP will be used for to the chimney of large thermal power plant, except needs FRP chimney meet Functional Requirement (as corrosion-resistant, lead static, fire-retardant, uvioresistant, anti-aging, accumulatingdust), also need to meet the requirement of mechanical property (axially and the stretching of hoop, bending, shearing, compression performance etc.).But China does not still have the case history of large-size thermal power plant FRP chimney so far.
Therefore, still needing and develop a kind of FRP chimney in this area, can be applicable to large-size thermal power plant, not only can meet functional requirement, also can meet the demand of mechanical property.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly can meet the low thickness F RP chimney that Functional Requirement can meet again mechanical property demand, can apply at large thermal power plant.
A first aspect of the present invention; a kind of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is provided, and described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection, and described intermediate structure layer comprises at least one structure subgrade; inside from described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is extremely outside, and described structure subgrade comprises:
Structure individual layer A-structure individual layer B-structure individual layer C-structure individual layer D,
Wherein, structure individual layer A is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer;
Structure individual layer C is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer;
And when structure individual layer A is that while spraying layer, structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth; Or structure individual layer A is while being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure individual layer C is for spraying layer; With
The thickness of described intermediate structure layer is t, and 8≤t < 18mm.
Herein, " optional " refers to can have (can exist) maybe can not have (can not).As described in fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel comprise liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection refer to as described in fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel can have external protection, maybe can there is no external protection.
Herein, thickness refers to the average of choosing at random the thickness that 25 survey marks record, and for example, the thickness t of intermediate structure layer is on intermediate structure layer, to choose at random 25 survey marks, calculates the average of 25 thickness that record, and obtains the thickness t of intermediate structure layer.
In another preference, in described circumferential winding layer, the winding angle that is wound around yarn is 40-90 degree, and preferably, winding angle is 75-90 degree, and more preferably, winding angle is 80-90 degree.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is for spraying layer.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is for spraying layer, and described structure individual layer B is circumferential winding layer, and described structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is for spraying layer, and described structure individual layer B is nothing, and described structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is unidirectional layer of cloth.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure individual layer B is circumferential winding layer, and described structure individual layer C is for spraying layer, and described structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure individual layer B is nothing, and described structure individual layer C is for spraying layer, and described structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, the quantity of described structure subgrade is 2-12.
In another preference, described in each, between structure subgrade, additional structure individual layer can be set, described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surperficial carpet veneer or its combination.
In another preference, described intermediate structure layer also comprises the outermost structural individual layer joining with described external protection, and described outermost structural individual layer is for spraying layer or circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, between described outermost structural individual layer and described structure subgrade, additional structure individual layer can be set, described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surperficial carpet veneer or its combination.
In another preference, the thickness of described structure subgrade is 1.5-5mm; And/or
The thickness of each structure individual layer is 0.2-4mm.
In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100g/m
2-800g/m
2, resin content is 50wt%-80wt%, in the gross weight of described injection layer; And/or
The fiber areal densities of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 200g/m
2-600g/m
2, resin content is 30wt%-60wt%, in the gross weight of described unidirectional layer of cloth; And/or
The fiber areal densities of described circumferential winding layer is 300g/m
2-3000g/m
2, resin content is 25wt%-50wt%, in the gross weight of described circumferential winding layer.
A second aspect of the present invention, provides the preparation method of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney described in first aspect, comprises the following steps:
(a) make liner functional layer;
(b) in described liner functional layer, lay (making) described intermediate structure layer outward, and optional
(c) at described intermediate structure layer, lay (making) described external protection outward and obtain described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney;
Or comprise the following steps:
(a) provide liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection;
(b) by described liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection is assembled into described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney;
Preferably, adopt following steps to prepare described structure subgrade:
(i) provide a basal plane;
(ii) in the periphery of described basal plane, lay (making) described structure individual layer A;
(iii) in the periphery of described structure individual layer A, lay (making) described structure individual layer B;
(iv) in the periphery of described structure individual layer B, lay (making) described structure individual layer C;
(v) in the periphery of described structure individual layer C, lay (making) described structure individual layer D;
When described structure individual layer B be without time, omit step (c), in the periphery of described structure individual layer A, lay described structure individual layer C.
In another preference, described basal plane is die surface, and described mould is cylindric mould, column type mould or important actor mould.
A third aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of chimney, comprises chimney urceolus and chimney internal cylinder, and described chimney internal cylinder is 1-4 the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in first aspect.
In another preference, described chimney is telescopic or multi-flue chimney.
In another preference, described chimney urceolus is steel concrete urceolus, steel urceolus, brick urceolus or tower-type urceolus.
In another preference, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is suspended in the top of described chimney urceolus.
In another preference, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is suspended in each support zone of described chimney urceolus.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, not only there is good hoop mechanical property, and there is good axial mechanical property, take into account simultaneously and meet the various functions requirements such as large coal-fired power plant chimney anticorrosion erosion, fire-retardant, antistatic, accumulatingdust, thering is the advantages such as constructability and quality control, long service life.
In should be understood that within the scope of the present invention, above-mentioned each technical characterictic of the present invention and can combining mutually between specifically described each technical characterictic in below (eg embodiment), thus form new or preferred technical scheme.As space is limited, at this, tire out and state no longer one by one.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney one preferred liner functional layer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney one preferred structure subgrade of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention that contains a preferred external protection.
The specific embodiment
Present inventor is through extensively and in depth research, develop first a kind of novel low thickness glass steel stack, comprise that at least one has the structure subgrade that following structure forms: structure individual layer A-structure individual layer B-structure individual layer C-structure individual layer D, wherein structure individual layer A is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth; Structure individual layer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer; Structure individual layer C is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth; Structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer; And when structure individual layer A is that while spraying layer, structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth; Or structure individual layer A is while being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure individual layer C is for spraying layer, and the scope of the thickness t of described intermediate structure layer is 8≤t < 18mm.Low thickness glass steel stack of the present invention, not only there is good hoop mechanical property, and there is good axial mechanical property, take into account simultaneously and meet the various functions requirements such as large coal-fired power plant chimney anticorrosion erosion, fire-retardant, antistatic, accumulatingdust, thering is the advantages such as constructability and quality control, long service life.On this basis, completed the present invention.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney
As shown in Figure 1, fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, comprises liner functional layer 1, intermediate structure layer 2 and optional external protection 3.
The effect of liner functional layer 1 be anticorrosion and fire-retardant, lead static, accumulatingdust.
The Main Function of intermediate structure layer 2 is to provide mechanical property.
2 certain protective role of 3 pairs of middle decks of external protection.Representational protective effect comprises (but being not limited to): uvioresistant, antifouling (cleaning), anticorrosion, anti-oxidant.In addition, external protection 3 also can play certain decoration function.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention is highly 10-400m.Preferably, the height of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is at 200-350m.In another preference, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney height is 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m, 300m or 350m.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, diameter is 2-15m.Preferably, the diameter of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is at 6-12m.In another preference, the diameter of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 5.5m, 6.5m, 7.5m, 8.5m, 9m, 9.5m, 10m or 12m.
In the present invention, liner functional layer 1, intermediate structure layer 2 and optional external protection 3 are all mainly various structure individual layer, to consist of.
The preparation method of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(a) provide liner functional layer;
(b) in described liner functional layer, lay described intermediate structure layer, and optional
(c) on described intermediate structure layer, lay described external protection and obtain described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney;
Or comprise the following steps:
(a) provide liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection;
(b) by described liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection is assembled into described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, has following one or more feature:
(1) hoop tensile strength is greater than 235MPa, and modulus is greater than 19.0GPa, and axial tensile strength is greater than 110MPa, and modulus is greater than 12.5GPa;
(2) hoop bending strength is greater than 250MPa, and modulus is greater than 18.0GPa, and axial bending intensity is greater than 140MPa, and modulus is greater than 11.0GPa;
(3) hoop compressive strength is greater than 260MPa, and modulus is greater than 12.0GPa, and axial compression strength is greater than 200MPa, and modulus is greater than 9.0GPa.
Structure individual layer
In the present invention, structure individual layer comprises injection layer, unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, surperficial carpet veneer and grid layer of cloth, carbon fiber carpet veneer and gel coating resin.
In the present invention, spraying layer, unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, surperficial carpet veneer and grid layer of cloth is all to be made by glass fiber reinforced plastics (also referred to as glass fiber reinforced plastic).Glass fiber reinforced plastic be by synthetic resin and glass fiber through combination process, a kind of functional material being made.In the present invention, glass fiber can adopt commercially available prod, the ECR fiber and the goods that for example by Chongqing Polycomp International Co., Ltd or OWENS CORNING company, are provided.Wherein, described injection yarn can adopt commercially available prod, as: ECR10k-2400 or
p209(2400TEX).Described unidirectional cloth can adopt commercially available prod, as: DW(ECR) 430-600/630 or
uD(430g/m
2).Described winding yarn can adopt commercially available prod, as: ECR469L-2400 or
sE1200(2400TEX).Described surperficial felt can adopt commercially available prod, as: ST (ECR) 30M-250 or M524-ECR30A(30g/m
2).The surface density of described grid cloth is 40-65g/m
2, be preferably 55-60g/m
2, be more preferred from 60g/m
2.
Carbon fiber carpet veneer is to be made by carbon fibre reinforced plastic.Carbon fibre reinforced plastic is to using carbon fiber and goods thereof as reinforcing material, with synthetic resin, makes matrix material, the another kind of high-performance composite materials that form through specific moulding process.Wherein, the surface density of carbon fiber felt can be 15-25g/m
2, be preferably 17-20g/m
2.
The resin using in above each fibre reinforced plastics of the present invention comprises chemical flame-retardant resin, high temperature resistant type resin, corrosion resistant type resin.Specifically comprise epoxy vinyl esters resin, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin.Preferred resin comprises: chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl esters resin, phenolic epoxy vinyl esters resinoid.Conventionally, structural resin can be resistance at least 80 ℃, preferably at least can be resistance to 120 ℃, and more preferably at least can be resistance to 150 ℃.The resin that the present invention preferably uses is that chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resin DERAKANE MOM510C-350HOI or DSM N. V. produce chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resin Atlac750.
Gel coating resin is mainly formed from a resin.In another preference, in gel coating resin, resin content is 100wt%, in the gross weight of gel coating resin.In another preference, the film forming matter of described gel coating resin is selected from: epoxy vinyl ester resin, unsaturated polyester resin.In another preference, the film forming matter of described gel coating resin is metaphenylene unsaturated polyester resin.
In another preference, 50% of the varied in thickness < average thickness of each structure individual layer on described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney hoop, preferably 20% of varied in thickness < average thickness.
Preferably adopt following methods to prepare each structure individual layer:
Basal plane is processed: when basal plane is mould, and cleaning die surface, application release agent, lays plastic sheeting; When basal plane is other structure individual layers, mechanical grinding surface, the floating ash of cleaning, application release agent, lay plastic sheeting;
Unidirectional layer of cloth: unidirectional cloth is carried out to cutting, by winding machine (or manual), the unidirectional cloth that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound) is wound on basal plane, winding tension is 10-500MPa, obtains unidirectional layer of cloth after solidifying.Preferably, adopt intermittent operation technique.
Circumferential winding layer: control tension force 10-500MPa by winding machine the winding yarn that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound) is wound on basal plane, form circumferential winding layer after solidifying.In another preference, during described circumferential winding layer construction, adopt the method for continuous winding, the winding angle that is wound around yarn is 40-90 degree, and preferably, winding angle is 75-90 degree, and more preferably, winding angle is 80-90 degree.
Spray layer: use spraying machine, glass fiber and resin, curing compound are converged at nozzle place, be ejected into together on basal plane, solidify and obtain spraying layer.
Surface carpet veneer: by winding machine (or manual), the surperficial felt that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound) is wound on basal plane, winding tension is 10-500MPa, forms surperficial carpet veneer after solidifying.Preferably, adopt continuous winding technique.
Grid layer of cloth: by winding machine (or manual), the grid cloth that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound) is wound on basal plane, winding tension is 10-500MPa, forms grid layer of cloth after solidifying.Preferably, adopt continuous winding technique.
Carbon fiber carpet veneer: by winding machine (or manual), the carbon fiber felt that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound) is wound on basal plane, winding tension is 10-500MPa, forms carbon fiber carpet veneer after solidifying.Preferably, adopt continuous winding technique.
Gel coating resin: resin gel coat (being mixed with curing compound) is coated on basal plane, forms gel coating resin after solidifying.
Liner functional layer
As shown in Figure 2, extremely outside from the inside of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney, the structure of described liner functional layer 1 is:
Surface carpet veneer 12-sprays layer 13,
Outside described injection layer 13, also can comprise optional grid layer of cloth (not shown).
In another preference, described liner functional layer 1 also comprises the carbon fiber carpet veneer 11 of innermost layer, and structure is:
Carbon fiber carpet veneer 11-surface carpet veneer 12-sprays layer 13.
In another preference, between described carbon fiber carpet veneer and described surperficial carpet veneer, also there is grid layer of cloth.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is 10-30g/m2, and resin content is 80wt%-99wt%, in the gross weight of described carbon fiber carpet veneer.Preferably, the fiber areal densities of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is 12-25g/m
2.Preferably, the resin content of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is 85wt%-98wt%, in the gross weight of described carbon fiber carpet veneer.In another preference, the thickness of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is 0.1-1mm, and preferably, thickness is 0.15-0.8mm.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is 15-50g/m
2, resin content is 80wt%-98wt%, in the gross weight of described surperficial carpet veneer.Preferably, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is 20-40g/m
2.Preferably, the resin content of described surperficial carpet veneer is 85wt%-95wt%, in the gross weight of described surperficial carpet veneer.In another preference, the thickness of described surperficial carpet veneer is 0.1-1mm, and preferably, thickness is 0.15-0.5mm.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100-800g/m
2, resin content is 65wt%-90wt%, in the gross weight of described injection layer.Preferably, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 200-500g/m
2, preferably, the resin content of described injection layer is 70wt%-85wt%, in the gross weight of described injection layer.In another preference, the thickness of described injection layer is 0.1-3mm, and preferably, thickness is 0.5-1.5mm.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described grid layer of cloth is 30-100g/m
2, resin content is 50wt%-95wt%, in the gross weight of described grid layer of cloth.Preferably, the fiber areal densities of described grid layer of cloth is 40-70g/m
2.Preferably, the resin content of described grid layer of cloth is 60wt%-90wt%, in the gross weight of described grid layer of cloth.In another preference, the thickness of described grid layer of cloth is 0.1-1.5mm, and preferably, thickness is 0.15-0.9mm.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, 50% of the varied in thickness < average thickness of each structure individual layer on described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney hoop, preferably 20% of varied in thickness < average thickness.
When preparing liner functional layer, can first carbon fiber felt, surperficial felt, injection yarn be laid on basal plane by the mode that is wound around or sprays successively, by the mode of catching up with pressure to go out bubble, coating or the supplementary resin of injection, resin and fiber or fibre are evenly combined again, solidify and obtain each structure individual layer.
Or, first on basal plane, lay carbon fiber felt layer, then on carbon fiber carpet veneer, spray layer construction, and optionally on injection layer, lay grid cloth layer and/or lay grid layer of cloth between described carbon fiber carpet veneer and described surperficial carpet veneer.The Specific construction mode of each structure individual layer as previously mentioned.
Intermediate structure layer
Structure individual layer A21-structure individual layer B22-structure individual layer C23-structure individual layer D24,
Wherein, structure individual layer A21 is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer B22 is nothing or circumferential winding layer;
Structure individual layer C23 is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer D24 is circumferential winding layer;
And when structure individual layer A21 is that while spraying layer, structure individual layer C23 is unidirectional layer of cloth; Or structure individual layer A21 is while being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure individual layer C23 is for spraying layer; With
The thickness of described intermediate structure layer is t, and 8≤t < 18mm or 18≤t < 20mm.
In another preference, 25% of the varied in thickness < average thickness of the different parts of described intermediate structure layer on hoop, preferably, 10% of varied in thickness < average thickness, more preferably, 5% of varied in thickness < average thickness.
In described intermediate structure layer, the quantity of described structure subgrade is 2-12, is preferably 3-10.The thickness of described structure subgrade is 1.5-5mm, is preferably 2-4mm.In another preference, for same structure subgrade, 30% of the varied in thickness < average thickness of its different parts on hoop, preferably, 15% of varied in thickness < average thickness.
In the present invention, preferred structure subgrade comprises that structure subgrade 1(is designated as S1 in following examples), structure subgrade 2(is designated as S2), structure subgrade 3(is designated as S3), structure subgrade 4(is designated as S4).
In structure subgrade 1, structure individual layer A is for spraying layer, and structure individual layer B is circumferential winding layer, and structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In structure subgrade 2, structure individual layer A is for spraying layer, and structure individual layer B is nothing, and structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In structure subgrade 3, structure individual layer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure individual layer B is nothing, and structure individual layer C is for spraying layer, and structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In structure subgrade 4, structure individual layer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure individual layer B is circumferential winding layer, and structure individual layer C is for spraying layer, and structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
Described in each, between structure subgrade, additional structure individual layer can be set, described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth (being designated as F1 in following examples), circumferential winding layer (being designated as F2), injection layer (being designated as F3), surperficial carpet veneer (being designated as F4) or its combination.
Intermediate structure layer also comprises the outermost structural individual layer joining with described external protection; described outermost structural individual layer is for spraying layer (being designated as Y1 in following examples) or circumferential winding layer (being designated as Y2); and between described outermost structural individual layer and described structure subgrade, additional structure individual layer can be set, described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth (being designated as F1 in following examples), circumferential winding layer (being designated as F2), injection layer (being designated as F3), surperficial carpet veneer (being designated as F4) or its combination.
In intermediate structure layer, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100-800g/m
2, resin content is 50wt%-80wt%,, in the gross weight of described injection layer.Preferably, fiber areal densities is 200-600g/m
2, resin content is 55wt%-75wt%, in the gross weight of described injection layer.
In intermediate structure layer, the fiber areal densities of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 200-600g/m
2, resin content is 30wt%-60wt%, in the gross weight of described unidirectional layer of cloth.Preferably, fiber areal densities is 250-500g/m
2, resin content is 35wt%-55wt%, in the gross weight of described unidirectional layer of cloth.
In intermediate structure layer, the fiber areal densities of described circumferential winding layer is 300-3000g/m
2, resin content is 25wt%-50wt%, in the gross weight of described circumferential winding layer.Preferably fiber areal densities is 400-2000g/m
2, resin content is 30wt%-45wt%, in the gross weight of described circumferential winding layer.
In intermediate structure layer, the thickness of each structure individual layer is 0.2-4mm, is preferably 0.4-3mm.In another preference, the thickness of described injection layer is 0.2-2mm, is preferably 0.5-1.5mm.In another preference, the thickness of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 0.2-1mm, is preferably 0.2-0.8mm.In another preference, the thickness of described circumferential winding layer is 0.2-1mm, is preferably 0.3-0.8mm.
In another preference, 50% of the varied in thickness < average thickness of each structure individual layer on described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney hoop, preferably 20% of varied in thickness < average thickness.
When preparation structure subgrade, can first glass fiber or fiberglass products be laid on basal plane by the mode of spraying or be wound around, by the mode of catching up with pressure to go out bubble, coating or the supplementary resin of injection, resin and glass fiber or fiberglass products are evenly combined again, solidify and obtain each structure individual layer.
In addition, can adopt following methods to prepare structure subgrade.Take structure subgrade 1 below as example describes its preferred preparation method in detail, comprise the following steps:
Injection layer construction: use spraying machine, glass fiber and resin, curing compound are converged at nozzle place, be ejected into together on basal plane, solidify and obtain spraying layer;
Circumferential winding layer construction: control tension force 10-500MPa by winding machine, the winding yarn that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound) is wound into and is sprayed on layer, form circumferential winding layer after solidifying;
Lay unidirectional layer of cloth: by winding machine, the unidirectional cloth that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound) is wound on circumferential winding layer, winding tension is 10-500MPa, after solidifying, obtain unidirectional layer of cloth; Preferably, adopt intermittent operation technique.
Circumferential winding layer construction: control tension force 10-500MPa by winding machine, the winding yarn that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound) is wound on unidirectional layer of cloth, form circumferential winding layer after solidifying.
Preferably adopt similar method to prepare structure subgrade 2, structure subgrade 3 and structure subgrade 4, repeat no more herein.
External protection
As shown in Figure 4, described external protection 3 comprises gel coating resin 31, and optional surperficial carpet veneer 32 and optional grid layer of cloth 33.
In another preference, described external protection comprises gel coating resin and surperficial carpet veneer, and described surperficial carpet veneer is between described gel coating resin and described intermediate structure layer.Optional, described external protection also comprises grid layer of cloth, described grid layer of cloth is between described surperficial carpet veneer and described gel coating resin.
In external protection, gel coating resin is mainly formed from a resin.In another preference, described gel coating resin is made by metaphenylene unsaturated polyester resin.In another preference, the thickness of described gel coating resin is 0.1-1.5mm, and preferably, thickness is 0.15-0.6mm.
In external protection, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is 20-800g/m
2, resin content is 80wt%-98wt%, in the gross weight of described surperficial carpet veneer.In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is 20-50g/m
2.In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is 200-500g/m
2.In another preference, the resin content of described surperficial carpet veneer is 85wt%-95wt%, in the gross weight of described surperficial carpet veneer.In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is 20-500g/m
2.In another preference, the thickness of described surperficial carpet veneer is 0.1-1.5mm, and preferably, thickness is 0.15-0.6mm.
In external protection, the fiber areal densities of optional described grid layer of cloth is 30-100g/m
2, resin content is 50wt%-95wt%, in the gross weight of described grid layer of cloth.Preferably, the fiber areal densities of described grid layer of cloth is 50-80g/m
2.Preferably, the resin content of described grid layer of cloth is 60wt%-85wt%, in the gross weight of described grid layer of cloth.
When preparing external protection; can first surperficial felt, optional grid cloth be laid on basal plane by the mode being wound around successively; by the mode of catching up with pressure to go out bubble, coating or the supplementary resin of injection, resin and above-mentioned fibre are evenly combined again; solidify and to obtain described surperficial carpet veneer, optional grid layer of cloth, the resin gel coat of outermost forms described gel coating resin.
Or, first on basal plane, lay surperficial carpet veneer, optionally on surperficial carpet veneer, carry out the construction of grid cloth layer, last coated with resins gel coat forms gel coating resin.The Specific construction mode of each structure individual layer as previously mentioned.
The above-mentioned feature that the present invention mentions, or the feature that embodiment mentions can be combined.All features that this case manual discloses can with any composition forms use, each feature disclosing in manual, can be replaced by any alternative characteristics of identical, impartial or similar object that provide.Therefore except there being special instruction, the feature disclosing is only the general example of equalization or similar features.
Usefulness of the present invention is:
(1) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention has excellent decay resistance, good axial mechanical property and hoop mechanical property;
(2) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney integral seamless of the present invention, impermeabilisation ability is strong;
(3) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney recoverability of the present invention is strong, and part can process as required;
(4) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention cannot be degraded, be difficult for aging, long service life;
(5) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney constructability of the present invention and quality control;
(6) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention can meet the various functions requirements such as fire-retardant, antistatic, accumulatingdust;
(7) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention is applicable to large-size thermal power plant.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, conventionally according to normal condition or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.Unless otherwise indicated, otherwise percentage and umber calculate by weight.
Unless otherwise defined, the familiar meaning of all specialties of using in literary composition and scientific words and one skilled in the art is identical.In addition, any method similar or impartial to described content and material all can be applicable in the inventive method.The use that better implementation method described in literary composition and material only present a demonstration.
Universal method
In following examples, adopt following methods to prepare each structure individual layer:
Basal plane is processed: when basal plane is mould, and cleaning die surface, application release agent, lays plastic sheeting; When basal plane is structure individual layer, mechanical grinding surface, the floating ash of cleaning, application release agent, lay plastic sheeting;
Unidirectional layer of cloth: by winding machine, the unidirectional cloth that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) is wound on basal plane, winding tension is 100-200MPa, obtains unidirectional layer of cloth after solidifying.
Circumferential winding layer: control tension force 100-200MPa by winding machine the winding yarn that is soaked with resin (being mixed with methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cobalt iso-octoate) is wound on basal plane, form circumferential winding layer after solidifying.The winding angle that is wound around yarn is 80-90 degree.
Spray layer: use spraying machine, glass fiber and resin (containing cobalt iso-octoate), curing compound methyl ethyl ketone peroxide are converged at nozzle place, be ejected into together on basal plane, remove bubble, solidify and obtain spraying layer.
Surface carpet veneer: the surperficial felt that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) is wound on basal plane, and winding tension is 100-200MPa, forms surperficial carpet veneer after solidifying.
Grid layer of cloth: the grid cloth that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) is wound on basal plane, and winding tension is 100-200MPa, forms grid layer of cloth after solidifying.
Carbon fiber carpet veneer: adopt continuous winding technique that the carbon fiber felt that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing compound methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) is wound on basal plane by winding machine, winding tension is 100-200MPa, forms carbon fiber carpet veneer after solidifying.
The resin using in each structure individual layer is above that chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resin DERAKANE MOM510C-350HOI or DSM N. V. produce chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resin Atlac750.Various glass fiber or fiberglass products are provided by OWENS CORNING company by Chongqing Polycomp International Co., Ltd.
Gel coating resin: metaphenylene unsaturated polyester resin gel coat (being mixed with curing compound methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) is coated on basal plane, forms gel coating resin after solidifying.
In addition, adopt the method for following standard code to test various performances.< < the generals of test methods for properties of fiberreinforced plastics > > GB/T1446; < < fibre reinforced plastics Erichsen test method > > GB/T1447; < < Test method for compressive properties of glass fiberreinforced plastics > > GB/T1448; < < Test method for flexural properties of glass fiberreinforced plastics > > GB/T1449; < < Test method for interlaminar shear strength of glass fiberreinforced plastics > > GB/T1450.1; < < Test method for the punchtype of strength of glass fiberreinforced plastics > > GB/T1450.2; < < fiberglass reinforced thermosetting plastics chemical mediator-resitant property test method > > GB/T3857; < < Test method of resistivity for fibre reinforced conducting and antistatic plastics > > GB/T15738-2008; < < glass fiber reinforced plastics combustibility test method > > GB/T8924-88; < < glass fiber reinforced plastics ageing properties test method > > GB/T2573; < < loading code for design of building structures > > GB50009-2001.
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 7.2 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer comprises surperficial carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.2mm.
Intermediate structure layer is 1,2 additional structure individual layers of 4 structure subgrades and 1 outermost structural individual layer formation from inside to outside, and structure is S1-S1-F1-F2-S1-S1-Y1, and gross thickness is 14.2mm.
External protection is gel coating resin, and thickness is 0.25mm.
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 7.2 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer consists of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.5mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S1-F1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S4, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 16.5mm.
External protection is gel coating resin, and thickness is 0.25mm.
Embodiment 3
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 7.2 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer consists of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layer and grid layer of cloth from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.9mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S2-S1-F1-F2-S3-F1-F2-S1-Y2, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 17.5mm.
External protection consists of surperficial carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and gross thickness is 0.5mm.
Embodiment 4
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 8.5 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer consists of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.46mm.
Intermediate structure layer structure is S1-S1-S1-F1-F2-S1-S1-S1-S2-S4-Y1, and gross thickness is 17.8mm.
External protection consists of surperficial carpet veneer, grid layer of cloth and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.66mm.
Embodiment 5
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 7.2 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer consists of carbon fiber carpet veneer, grid layer of cloth, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layer and grid layer of cloth from inside to outside, and thickness is 2.04mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S3-S2-F1-F2-S1-S4, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 17.5mm.
External protection consists of surperficial carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.55mm.
Embodiment 6
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and diameter is 8 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer consists of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layer and grid layer of cloth from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.86mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S1-S1-F1-F2-S1-S3-S1-F1-F2-S1-S1-Y2, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 16.8mm.
Embodiment 7
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 6.5 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer consists of carbon fiber carpet veneer, grid layer of cloth, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layer and grid layer of cloth from inside to outside, and thickness is 2.1mm.
Intermediate structure layer structure is S1-S1-F2-S1-S1-Y2, and gross thickness is 12.8mm.
External protection consists of surperficial carpet veneer, grid layer of cloth and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.64mm.
Embodiment 8
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 9 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer consists of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.56mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S1-S4-F1-S1-F2-S1-S1-Y1, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 17.2mm.
External protection consists of surperficial carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.5mm.
Embodiment 9
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 7 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer consists of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layer and grid layer of cloth from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.86mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S2-S1-F1-F2-S1-S3-S1-S2, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 13.5mm.
External protection consists of surperficial carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and gross thickness is 0.52mm.
Embodiment 10
After testing, the hoop tensile strength of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney prepared by embodiment 1-9 is greater than 235MPa, and modulus is greater than 19.0GPa, and axial tensile strength is greater than 110MPa, and modulus is greater than 12.5GPa; Hoop bending strength is greater than 250MPa, and modulus is greater than 18.0GPa, and axial bending intensity is greater than 140MPa, and modulus is greater than 11.0GPa; Hoop compressive strength is greater than 260MPa, and modulus is greater than 12.0GPa, and axial compression strength is greater than 200MPa, and modulus is greater than 9.0GPa.
Result shows, fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention not only on hoop, and all can meet the requirement to large-size thermal power plant chimney mechanical property in the axial direction, can be for the chimney of large-size thermal power plant.
A fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney (7.2 meters of diameters) that is 240m using the height of embodiment 5 preparation, as chimney internal cylinder, is suspended in the top of steel concrete urceolus, in certain large-size thermal power plant as chimney to it functional and mechanical property investigate.
After 1 year,, there is not cracking, seepage, come off, play in flakes the problems such as bulging, aging in fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney integral seamless, and integrality is good.And do not find obviously corrosion, good corrosion resistance.Can bear axially upper huge gravity load, also meet hoop mechanical property requirements.
Comparative example 1-3
In development process, inventor also makes the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of having tested multiple different structure.Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney in these comparative examples, its liner functional layer and external protection are identical with embodiment's 7, and difference is mainly intermediate structure layer, being constructed as follows shown in table 1 of representational intermediate structure layer.
S1a wherein: with the S1 of embodiment 7, difference is to omit and sprays layer.S1b: with the S1 of embodiment 7, difference is to omit unidirectional layer of cloth.S1c: with the S1 of embodiment 7, it is 20 degree that difference is to be wound around yarn winding angle.
The intermediate structure layer comparison to structure and propertY result of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of table 1 comparative example and embodiment
Table 2 standards of grading
Adopt the standard of table 2, the performance of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney prepared by embodiment 1-9 and comparative example 1-3 is evaluated, result shows, compares with fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney prepared by comparative example 1-3, and low thickness glass steel stack of the present invention has excellent manufacturability, be easy to construction, without macroscopic defect, even structure is fine and close, particularly axial and hoop mechanics excellent performance, meet the requirement of large-size thermal power plant to chimney, go for large-size thermal power plant.
All documents of mentioning in the present invention are all quoted as a reference in this application, just as each piece of document, are quoted as a reference separately.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (10)
1. a fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney; it is characterized in that, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection, and described intermediate structure layer comprises at least one structure subgrade; inside from described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is extremely outside, and described structure subgrade comprises:
Structure individual layer A-structure individual layer B-structure individual layer C-structure individual layer D,
Wherein, structure individual layer A is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer;
Structure individual layer C is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer;
And when structure individual layer A is that while spraying layer, structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth; Or structure individual layer A is while being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure individual layer C is for spraying layer; With
The thickness of described intermediate structure layer is t, and 8≤t < 18mm.
2. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described circumferential winding layer, the winding angle that is wound around yarn is 40-90 degree, and preferably, winding angle is 75-90 degree, and more preferably, winding angle is 80-90 degree.
3. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity of described structure subgrade is 2-12.
4. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described in each, between structure subgrade, additional structure individual layer can be set, and described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surperficial carpet veneer or its combination.
5. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described intermediate structure layer also comprises the outermost structural individual layer joining with described external protection, and described outermost structural individual layer is for spraying layer or circumferential winding layer.
6. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, between described outermost structural individual layer and described structure subgrade, additional structure individual layer can be set, described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surperficial carpet veneer or its combination.
7. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described structure subgrade is 1.5-5mm; And/or
The thickness of each structure individual layer is 0.2-4mm.
8. the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in claim 1-7 any one, is characterized in that, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100g/m
2-800g/m
2, resin content is 50wt%-80wt%, in the gross weight of described injection layer; And/or
The fiber areal densities of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 200g/m
2-600g/m
2, resin content is 30wt%-60wt%, in the gross weight of described unidirectional layer of cloth; And/or
The fiber areal densities of described circumferential winding layer is 300g/m
2-3000g/m
2, resin content is 25wt%-50wt%, in the gross weight of described circumferential winding layer.
9. the preparation method of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in claim 1-8 any one, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) make liner functional layer;
(b) in described liner functional layer, lay (making) described intermediate structure layer outward, and optional
(c) at described intermediate structure layer, lay (making) described external protection outward and obtain described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney;
Or comprise the following steps:
(a) provide liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection;
(b) by described liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection is assembled into described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney;
Preferably, adopt following steps to prepare described structure subgrade:
(i) provide a basal plane;
(ii) in the periphery of described basal plane, lay (making) described structure individual layer A;
(iii) in the periphery of described structure individual layer A, lay (making) described structure individual layer B;
(iv) in the periphery of described structure individual layer B, lay (making) described structure individual layer C;
(v) in the periphery of described structure individual layer C, lay (making) described structure individual layer D;
When described structure individual layer B be without time, omit step (c), in the periphery of described structure individual layer A, lay described structure individual layer C.
10. a chimney, comprises chimney urceolus and chimney internal cylinder, it is characterized in that, described chimney internal cylinder is 1-4 the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in claim 1-8 any one.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104763210A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-07-08 | 清华大学 | Chimney constructed by novel corrosion-resistant materials and construction method thereof and sleeve chimney |
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| JPH09302996A (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1997-11-25 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Smokestack and method for constructing the same |
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| CN104763210A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-07-08 | 清华大学 | Chimney constructed by novel corrosion-resistant materials and construction method thereof and sleeve chimney |
| CN104763210B (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2017-04-19 | 清华大学 | Chimney constructed by novel corrosion-resistant materials and construction method thereof and sleeve chimney |
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| CN103541579B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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