CN103540812B - A kind of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103540812B CN103540812B CN201310525826.5A CN201310525826A CN103540812B CN 103540812 B CN103540812 B CN 103540812B CN 201310525826 A CN201310525826 A CN 201310525826A CN 103540812 B CN103540812 B CN 103540812B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover and preparation method thereof, wherein the composition of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover is configured to by mass percentage: Si7.5%, Mg0.35%, Cu0.5-1.5%, Ni0.7-2.3%, Mn0.2-0.8%, Fe0.3-0.9%, surplus is Al.Compared with existing aluminium alloy cylinder cover material, tensile strength remains unchanged the normal temperature (20 DEG C) of aluminum alloy materials of the present invention substantially, and Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperature (300 DEG C) significantly improves.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminum alloy materials and preparation method thereof, specifically a kind of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover and preparation method thereof.
Two, background technology
In recent years, along with improving constantly of engine power makes the working temperature of cylinder cap and operating pressure significantly increase, combustion chamber pressure rises to 18-20MPa, and air inlet/outlet bridge of the nose temperature is close to 300 DEG C.In order to adapt to the requirement of engine cylinder cover poor working conditions, this just requires engine cylinder cover cast aluminium alloy material except having good room-temperature property, also should ensure its high-temperature behavior.
At present, domestic and international cylinder head mainly adds the alloying elements such as Mg, Cu to improve alloy property on the basis of aluminum silicon alloy, define Al-Si-Cu-Mg series alloy material, common alloy designations mainly contain A356,319.0, AC4B, ZL101A, ZL114A and European standard G-AlSi
6cu
4deng.The cast aluminium alloy of above-mentioned cylinder head is mainly by Mg
2si, CuAl
2improve alloy strength.But along with the raising of engine power, be only difficult to by these two kinds of strengthening phases the applied at elevated temperature requirement meeting engine cylinder cap.
Therefore, selecting suitable alloying element to improve the hot strength of aluminium alloy, is the inevitable approach adapting to engine power raising.Common alloy element has: Fe, Mn, Ni, Ti, Zr, Zn etc.Wherein in aluminum alloy cylinder cover castingprocesses, iron is often processed by as harmful element, but research finds can improve iron phase morphology in alloy by adding the approach such as alloying element, the high-temperature behavior of aluminium alloy can be increased substantially, such as, add merely Mn unit and usually improve iron phase morphology.In cylinder cap, add the first research usually improving Fe phase morphology of Ni, Mn have not been reported simultaneously, Ni element originally also has good High-Temperature Strengthening effect in aluminium alloy simultaneously, so rationally add Fe, Mn, Ni element to have practical significance to raising cylinder cap hot strength.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover and preparation method thereof, and technical problem to be solved selects suitable alloying element to improve the hot strength of aluminum alloy materials.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The composition of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover of the present invention is configured to by mass percentage:
Si7.5%, Mg0.35%, Cu0.5-1.5%, Ni0.7-2.3%, Mn0.2-0.8%, Fe0.3-0.9%, surplus is Al.
Be preferably:
Si7.5%, Mg0.35%, Cu1.0%, Ni0.7%, Mn0.5%, Fe0.9%, surplus is Al.
The preparation method of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover of the present invention operates according to the following steps:
Commercial-purity aluminium, silicon metal, pure nickel, Al-Cu50% master alloy, Al-Fe20% master alloy and Al-Mn15% master alloy is taken by proportional quantity, above-mentioned each raw material is added in crucible electrical resistance furnace, be warming up to 850 DEG C until all melt in molten state, then 730-750 DEG C is cooled to, with the Mg of bell jar press-in proportional quantity, after stirring, leave standstill 20min; Add compound microcosmic salt alterant again, after stirring, leave standstill 20min in 730-750 DEG C of insulation; Add air release agent hexachloroethane subsequently, after stirring, leave standstill 20min in 730-750 DEG C of insulation; After taking off removing dross, aluminium alloy is poured in the mould being preheating to 200 DEG C, take out after cooling, after adopting T6 thermal treatment process to heat-treat, obtain aluminum alloy materials.
In Al-Cu50% master alloy, the mass percentage of Cu is 50%, and surplus is Al; In Al-Fe20% master alloy, the mass percentage of Fe is 20%, and surplus is Al; In Al-Mn15% master alloy, the mass percentage of Mn is 15%, and surplus is Al.
Described compound microcosmic salt alterant is configured to by mass percentage: monocalcium phosphate 65wt%, Repone K 20wt%, sodium-chlor 10wt% and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 5wt%.
Strengthening element in aluminum alloy materials of the present invention and aluminium generate AlFeMnNiSi, A1-Ni-Cu, Al
3ni, CuAl
2etc. heat-resisting strengthening phase, serve the effect of High-Temperature Strengthening, wherein the most significantly High-Temperature Strengthening is Al-Fe phase mutually, after adding Mn, Ni element, iron phase morphology is greatly improved, become the AlFeMnNiSi phase of herring-bone form (Fig. 3) or petal-shaped or bulk (Fig. 5) by the faller gill shape be harmful to, make material at high temperature have good Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperature.
Aluminum alloy materials of the present invention mainly contains following advantage:
1, compared with existing aluminium alloy cylinder cover material, tensile strength remains unchanged the normal temperature (20 DEG C) of aluminum alloy materials of the present invention substantially, and Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperature (300 DEG C) significantly improves (see table 1).
Table 1
Note: 1, AC
4b, 319.0 and G-AlSi
6cu
4be respectively Japan, the typical cast aluminium alloy cylinder head material of US and European;
2, in table, data are actual measurement optimum value.
2, the present invention with the addition of and is considered to the element of Fe harmful to aluminium alloy, after adding Mn, Ni element, iron phase morphology is improved, thus the hot strength of aluminum alloy materials is obviously promoted.
3, fusion process of the present invention is simple to operation, technique does not need complicated operating equipment, has versatility, be beneficial to and popularize.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is 100 times of metallographs of aluminum alloy materials of the present invention.As can be seen from Figure 1, in alloy, be respectively dispersed evenly to matrix mutually, do not occur that faller gill shape is harmful to iron phase.
Fig. 2 is 400 times of metallographs of aluminum alloy materials of the present invention.As can be seen from Figure 2, respectively exist with granular, rod-short, petal-shaped form in matrix, do not occur harmful phase.
Fig. 3 is the stereoscan photograph of aluminum alloy materials of the present invention, is AlFeMnNiSi phase mutually, occurs mutually in the base as a kind of useful High-Temperature Strengthening by herring-bone form shown in A in the known figure of energy spectrum analysis (see figure 4).
Fig. 4 is the energy spectrum analysis picture of phase shown in A in Fig. 3.As can be seen from Figure 4, this contains the elements such as Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Si mutually, is AlFeMnNiSi phase.
Fig. 5 is the stereoscan photograph of aluminum alloy materials of the present invention, by being block iron phase mutually shown in B in the known figure of energy spectrum analysis (see figure 6).
Fig. 6 is the energy spectrum analysis picture of phase shown in B in Fig. 5.As can be seen from Figure 6, this contains the elements such as Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Si mutually, is AlFeMnNiSi phase.
Five, embodiment
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, the composition of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover is configured to by mass percentage:
Si7.5%, Mg0.35%, Cu1.0%, Ni0.7%, Mn0.5%, Fe0.9%, surplus is Al.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover operates according to the following steps:
1, take commercial-purity aluminium, silicon metal, electrolytic nickel, Al-Cu50% master alloy, Al-Fe20% master alloy and Al-Mn15% master alloy by proportional quantity, above-mentioned each raw material is added in crucible electrical resistance furnace, is heated to 850 DEG C, be incubated to the whole melting of furnace charge;
2, be cooled to 730-750 DEG C, with the Mg of bell jar press-in proportional quantity, after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 20min;
3, with bell jar press-in compound microcosmic salt alterant, leave standstill 20min in 750 DEG C of insulations after stirring, described compound microcosmic salt alterant is configured to by mass percentage: monocalcium phosphate 65wt%, Repone K 20wt%, sodium-chlor 10wt% and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 5wt%;
4, add air release agent hexachloroethane in 750-760 DEG C, after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 20min;
5, be cooled to 720-730 DEG C, after taking off removing dross, aluminium alloy poured in the mould being preheating to 200 DEG C, take out after cooling;
6, aluminum alloy materials is obtained after adopting T6 thermal treatment process to heat-treat.
Normal temperature (20 DEG C) tensile strength of aluminum alloy materials prepared by the present embodiment is 249MPa, high temperature (300 DEG C) tensile strength 212MPa.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, the composition of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover is configured to by mass percentage:
Si7.5%, Mg0.35%, Cu0.5%, Ni2.3%, Mn0.8%, Fe0.9%, surplus is Al.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover is with embodiment 1.
Normal temperature (20 DEG C) tensile strength of aluminum alloy materials prepared by the present embodiment is 277MPa, high temperature (300 DEG C) tensile strength 175.5MPa.
Claims (2)
1. an Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover, is characterized in that its composition is configured to by mass percentage:
Si 7.5%, Mg 0.35%, Cu 1.0%, Ni 0.7%, Mn 0.5%, Fe 0.9%, surplus is Al.
2. a preparation method for Aluminum alloy material for engine cylinder cover according to claim 1, is characterized in that operating according to the following steps:
Commercial-purity aluminium, silicon metal, pure nickel, Al-Cu50% master alloy, Al-Fe20% master alloy and Al-Mn15% master alloy is taken by proportional quantity, above-mentioned each raw material is added in crucible electrical resistance furnace, be warming up to 850 DEG C until all melt in molten state, then 730-750 DEG C is cooled to, with the Mg of bell jar press-in proportional quantity, after stirring, leave standstill 20min; Add compound microcosmic salt alterant again, after stirring, leave standstill 20min in 730-750 DEG C of insulation; Add air release agent hexachloroethane subsequently, after stirring, leave standstill 20min in 730-750 DEG C of insulation; After taking off removing dross, aluminium alloy is poured in the mould of preheating, take out after cooling, after adopting T6 thermal treatment process to heat-treat, obtain aluminum alloy materials;
Described compound microcosmic salt alterant is configured to by mass percentage: monocalcium phosphate 65wt%, Repone K 20wt%, sodium-chlor 10wt% and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 5wt%.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104313368A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-28 | 郭芙 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy |
| CN104328293A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-04 | 山东大学 | Aluminum crystal grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer in aluminum alloy melt as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104564401A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-29 | 阿尔特汽车技术股份有限公司 | Integrated exhaust manifold type three-cylinder machine cylinder cover |
| CN104564400A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-29 | 阿尔特汽车技术股份有限公司 | Integrated exhaust manifold type three-cylinder machine cooling water jacket |
| CN105714143A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-06-29 | 北京交通大学 | Calcium remover for aluminum alloys as well as preparation and use method of calcium remover |
| CN105886853A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-24 | 上海交通大学 | Nano ceramic particle reinforced aluminum silicon alloy, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106868358A (en) * | 2017-02-05 | 2017-06-20 | 林景阳 | A kind of engine cylinder cover composite |
| CN115386770A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-25 | 天津中祥电气有限公司 | Ultralow-speed die casting method and equipment for nano aluminum alloy hardware |
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| CN1609248A (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-27 | 株式会社丰田中央研究所 | Aluminum alloys for casting, aluminum alloy castings and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101087898A (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2007-12-12 | 联邦科学和工业研究组织 | Heat treatment of aluminium alloy high pressure die castings |
| CN1876867A (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2006-12-13 | 瑞明集团有限公司 | Aluminium front cover and manufacturing process thereof |
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