CN103539260B - Method for enhancing anammox granular sludge in UASB - Google Patents
Method for enhancing anammox granular sludge in UASB Download PDFInfo
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- CN103539260B CN103539260B CN201310477102.8A CN201310477102A CN103539260B CN 103539260 B CN103539260 B CN 103539260B CN 201310477102 A CN201310477102 A CN 201310477102A CN 103539260 B CN103539260 B CN 103539260B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for enhancing anammox granular sludge in UASB, and belongs to the field of urban domestic sewage denitration treatment and recycling. According to the invention, an UASB reactor is adopted. Through improving inlet water flow rate and reflux ratio, through a granular sludge formation stage, a granular sludge enhancing stage, and a granular sludge stabilizing stage, a total nitrogen removal load reaches 6.5kgN/m3/d, and an average particle size is 2.0mm, such that anammox granular sludge is successfully enhanced. The average particle size is larger by 1.27mm compared with the anammox granular sludge cultured by Wang Junmin etc. (2011) with an UASB reactor, and a total nitrogen removal load is higher by 0.77kgN/m3/d.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to city domestic sewage denitrogenation processing and regeneration field.
Background technology
Anammox (Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation, ANAMMOX) technique is the novel biological dinitrification technology found in recent years, and refer under anaerobic, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is directly with NH
4 +for electron donor, with NO
3 -or NO
2 -for electron acceptor(EA), by NH
4 +, NO
3 -or NO
2 -be transformed into N
2biological procedures.Because of it has can heavy-duty service, save aeration, power consumption be few, without the need to additional organic carbon source, non-secondary pollution, excess sludge production is low, the advantage such as running, capital cost is low, once coming out the extensive concern just receiving countries in the world, there is very high scientific research and practical value.But anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria growth velocity is low, and the doubling time is long, in addition traditional activated sludge process and biomembrance process due to sludge settling property poor, easily cause sludge loss, cause microorganism concn in reactor to reduce, nitrogen removal performance declines.Research shows, because settling of granular sludge is functional, is not easily washed out, and the microorganism of its inside can be made effectively to hold and stay in reactor, increases microorganism concn, improves nitric efficiency.
Generally believe at present, hydraulic shear is one of key factor affecting Granular sludge formation and characteristics of granular sludge.Cong Yan etc. (2013) as seed sludge, utilize EGSB bioreactor culture anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge with aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge and Anammox microbial film under anoxic conditions.By regulating HRT to cultivate granule sludge, after reactor runs 80d, turn out ripe anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge, median size 0.556mm; During 89d, total nitrogen elimination capacity reaches 4.758kgN/m
3/ d.Wang Junmin etc. (2011) adopt UASB, and progressively reduce HRT, through 70 days, HRT foreshortened to 0.14h by 1.26h, and it is 5.73kgN/m that the volume nitrogen of acquisition removes speed
3/ d; The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge particle obtained under this operating mode is sorrel, and size distribution mainly concentrates on 0.5 ~ 0.9mm, and median size is 0.73mm.
Although increase shearing force, namely hydraulic detention time HRT is reduced, increase cross-sectional flow, increase flooding velocity, can accelerate and the formation of reinforcing particle mud, but when mud elimination capacity acquire a certain degree stable after, continue increase flooding velocity, clearance can be caused to decline, effluent quality worsen, not up to standard.Utilize the method that UASB water outlet refluxes again, not only play former water-reducible effect, most importantly under the prerequisite not increasing flooding velocity, increase cross-sectional flow, thus raising flow shear, reinforcing particle mud, makes established granule sludge have better settling property.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, under the prerequisite ensureing effluent quality, to provide a kind of method of reinforcing particle mud.
The present invention is under 28 ~ 32 DEG C of conditions, with water based on artificial distribution, adopt top that filler is housed, bottom is the UASB in active sludge district is experimental installation, water inlet matrix is ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, is carried out the formation of reinforcing particle mud by the operation reserve adjusting flooding velocity and effluent recycling ratio.The total nitrogen quality that total nitrogen elimination capacity to be removed for reactor unit volume every day; Reflux ratio is the ratio of effluent recycling flow and flooding velocity; Sludge concentration, for getting mud mixed liquid in reactor, claims dewatered sludge weight, and dewatered sludge weighs the ratio with mud mixed liquid volume; SV2 i.e. 2 minutes sludge settling ratios, take from reactor mud and are placed in graduated cylinder, and after 2 minutes, volume shared by mud and the ratio taking out mud cumulative volume, be 2 minutes sludge settling ratios; SV10 i.e. 10 minutes sludge settling ratios, take from reactor mud and are placed in graduated cylinder, and after 10 minutes, volume shared by mud and the ratio taking out mud cumulative volume, be 10 minutes sludge settling ratios; Concrete steps are as follows:
A method for strengthened anaerobic ammoxidation granule sludge in UASB, is characterized in that: under 28 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C conditions, and testing apparatus comprises water feed apparatus, main body reactor UASB, reflux; UASB is made up of bottom water distribution area, intermediate reaction district, top triphase separator; Footpath, reaction zone, deeply than being 1:10 ~ 1:15, is divided into active lower mud district and packing area, top, and active lower mud district and packing area, top volume ratio are 1:1 ~ 2:1;
1) the Granular sludge formation stage, inoculation Anammox floc sludge, Continuous Flow is run, water inlet matrix is ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, by adjustment flooding velocity, control the hydraulic detention time HRT of reactor at 1.0 ~ 2.0h, control the cross-sectional flow of reactor at 0.005cm/s ~ 0.020cm/s; If continuous more than the 3d of reactor nitrogen removal rate is more than 75%, then improve cross-sectional flow by increasing flooding velocity, each raising is no more than 35%, until the cross-sectional flow of reactor brings up to 0.0200 ~ 0.0300cm/s, when continuous more than 3d total nitrogen elimination capacity is more than 4.0kgN/m
3during/d, active sludge district mud is taken out, measure sludge concentration, SV and median size, then mud is taken back reactor; If the ratio of difference and SV2 that SV2 deducts SV10 is no more than 10%, mud median size, more than 1mm, thinks Granular sludge formation;
2) granule sludge strain, continues to improve cross-sectional flow, sets up reflux, keeps effluent recycling than R=1.15 ~ 1.30, and control HRT, at 0.33 ~ 0.48h, controls the cross-sectional flow of reactor at 0.2000cm/s ~ 0.2900cm/s; If continuous more than the 3d of reactor nitrogen removal rate more than 75%, then improves cross-sectional flow, each raising is no more than 20%, until the cross-sectional flow of reactor brings up to 0.2900cm/s, continuous more than 3d total nitrogen elimination capacity is stabilized in 6.2kgN/m
3/ d ~ 6.8kgN/m
3during/d, and till no longer increasing with the increase of flooding velocity; Often improve a cross-sectional flow, after running 7d, measure sludge concentration, SV10 and median size; If sludge concentration during the more last raising cross-sectional flow of sludge concentration, median size, median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces, but reactor total nitrogen elimination capacity no longer increases with the increase of flooding velocity, then think the success of granule sludge strain;
3) the granule sludge steady stage, fixing flooding velocity is constant, and set initial effluent recycling than R=1.45 ~ 1.55, mud takes out by every 7d, measures sludge concentration, SV10 and median size, then mud is taken back reactor; If sludge concentration during the more last raising reflux ratio of sludge concentration, median size, median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces, then improve reflux ratio, and each raising is no more than 20%; Until R=2.05 ~ 2.15, sludge concentration when recording the more last raising reflux ratio of sludge concentration, SV10, SV10 difference are no more than 1% ~ 3%, and median size difference during the more last raising reflux ratio of median size is no more than 1%, thinks that the granule sludge steady stage completes.
Compared with the method for existing strengthened anaerobic ammoxidation granule sludge, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge is after strengthening, and particle diameter is larger, and sludge settling property is better, and water resistant power impact capacity is stronger, and sludge loss phenomenon obviously weakens, and in reactor, sludge concentration increases, and nitrogen removal performance strengthens.
2, improve shearing force, be not that simple dependence improves flooding velocity, also use effluent recycling.While reactor total nitrogen elimination capacity increases, granule sludge performance have also been obtained to be strengthened faster; When total nitrogen elimination capacity is stablized, increase reflux ratio, improve hydraulic shear, under the prerequisite ensureing effluent quality, reinforcing particle mud also reaches steady state.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the UASB testing apparatus schematic diagram that the present invention adopts, and polyethylene gimp formula filler is equipped with on UASB reactor top, and be biomembrane reaction district, bottom is active sludge district.
Fig. 2 be adopt the reactor of the inventive method in whole experimentation nitrogen removal rate TNR, total nitrogen elimination capacity ARR and effluent recycling than R variation diagram in time, effluent recycling increase more continuous than R in test, nitrogen removal rate TNR, total nitrogen elimination capacity ARR first constantly increase, rear arrival steady state; After the success of granule sludge strain, total nitrogen elimination capacity on average reaches 6.5kgN/m
3/ d; After the success of granule sludge steady stage, total nitrogen elimination capacity remains on 6.5kgN/m
3/ d.
Fig. 3 adopts the granule sludge of the inventive method formation at culture dish, and display granular sludge state is better, and mud median size is 2.0mm.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Testing apparatus is mainly divided into water feed apparatus, main body reactor UASB, reflux.UASB is made up of bottom water distribution area, intermediate reaction district, top triphase separator; Footpath, reaction zone, deeply than being 1:10 ~ 1:15, is divided into active lower mud district and packing area, top, and volume ratio is 1:1 ~ 2:1.
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge formation stages, employing Continuous Flow is run, influent ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentration are respectively 100 ~ 130mg/L and 110 ~ 140mg/L, initial HRT is 1.90h, flooding velocity is 70mL/min, the cross-sectional flow of reactor is 0.0148cm/s, employing Continuous Flow is run, after continuous operation 3d, nitrogen removal rate is more than 75%, reduction HRT is 1.67h, flooding velocity is 80mL/min, cross-sectional flow is 0.0169cm/s, continue to run, after 6d, the continuous 3d of nitrogen removal rate is more than 75%, reduction HRT is 1.21h, flooding velocity is 110mL/min, cross-sectional flow is 0.0234cm/s, after running 10d, total nitrogen elimination capacity is for three days on end more than 4.0kgN/m
3/ d, mean value is 4.34kgN/m
3/ d, takes out active sludge district mud, and measure sludge concentration, SV and median size, the ratio obtaining the difference and SV2 that SV2 deducts SV10 is no more than 10%, and mud median size is more than 1mm, therefore the success of Granular sludge formation stage.
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge strain, adopt Continuous Flow to run, influent ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentration are respectively 45 ~ 55mg/L and 70 ~ 80mg/L, keep reflux ratio R=1.28.Initial HRT is 0.48h, and flooding velocity is 420mL/min, and effluent recycling flow is 540mL/min, and the cross-sectional flow of reactor is 0.2000cm/s.After continuous operation 3d, continuous three days of total nitrogen elimination capacity is more than 5.0kgN/m
3/ d, mean value is 5.33kgN/m
3/ d, the continuous 3d of nitrogen removal rate, more than 75%, run after 7d, active sludge district mud is taken out, measure sludge concentration, SV10 and median size, sludge concentration when obtaining the more last raising cross-sectional flow of sludge concentration, median size, median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces.Reducing HRT is 0.40, and flooding velocity is 504mL/min, and effluent recycling flow is 645mL/min, and the cross-sectional flow of reactor is 0.2442cm/s.After continuous operation 3d, total nitrogen elimination capacity is for three days on end more than 6.0kgN/m
3/ d, mean value is 6.5kgN/m
3/ d, the continuous 3d of nitrogen removal rate, more than 75%, run after 7d, active sludge district mud is taken out, measure sludge concentration, SV10 and median size, sludge concentration when obtaining the more last raising cross-sectional flow of sludge concentration, median size, median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces.Continuing to reduce HRT is 0.33, and flooding velocity is 605mL/min, and return flow is 774mL/min, and the cross-sectional flow of reactor is 0.2900cm/s.After continuous operation 3d, total nitrogen elimination capacity is stabilized in 6.5kgN/m
3about/d.Run after 7d, taken out by active sludge district mud, measure sludge concentration, SV10 and median size, sludge concentration when obtaining the more last raising cross-sectional flow of sludge concentration, median size, median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces.Granule sludge median size is close to 1.4mm.Granule sludge performance is strengthened, and reactor total nitrogen elimination capacity no longer raises, and illustrates that granule sludge strain completes.
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge steady stage, adopt Continuous Flow to run, influent ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentration are respectively 45 ~ 55mg/L and 70 ~ 80mg/L, and fixing flooding velocity is 605mL/min.Initial reflux ratio is 1.5, return flow is 907.5mL/min, cross-sectional flow is 0.3211cm/s, after continuous operation 7d, active sludge district mud is taken out, measure sludge concentration, SV10 and median size, when obtaining sludge concentration, granule sludge median size more last raising reflux ratio, sludge concentration, granule sludge median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces; Improving reflux ratio R is 1.8, return flow is 1089mL/min, cross-sectional flow is 0.3596cm/s, after continuous operation 7d, active sludge district mud is taken out, measure sludge concentration, SV10 and median size, when obtaining sludge concentration, granule sludge median size more last raising reflux ratio, sludge concentration, granule sludge median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces; Continuing to improve reflux ratio R is 2.16, return flow is 1306.8mL/min, cross-sectional flow is 0.4059cm/s, after continuous operation 7d, taken out by active sludge district mud, measure sludge concentration, SV10 and median size, sludge concentration when obtaining the more last raising reflux ratio of sludge concentration, granule sludge median size, granule sludge median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces, granule sludge median size is 2.0mm; Continuing to improve reflux ratio R is 2.59, return flow is 1566.9mL/min, cross-sectional flow is 0.4611cm/s, after continuous operation 7d, active sludge district mud is taken out, sludge concentration when recording the more last raising reflux ratio of sludge concentration, SV10, SV10 difference are no more than 1% ~ 3%, and median size difference during the more last raising reflux ratio of median size is no more than 1%, thinks that the granule sludge steady stage completes.
Claims (1)
1. the method for strengthened anaerobic ammoxidation granule sludge in UASB, it is characterized in that: under 28 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C conditions, testing apparatus comprises water feed apparatus, main body reactor UASB, reflux; UASB is made up of bottom water distribution area, intermediate reaction district, top triphase separator; Footpath, reaction zone, deeply than being 1:10 ~ 1:15, is divided into active lower mud district and packing area, top, and active lower mud district and packing area, top volume ratio are 1:1 ~ 2:1;
1) the Granular sludge formation stage, inoculation Anammox floc sludge, Continuous Flow is run, water inlet matrix is ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, by adjustment flooding velocity, control the hydraulic detention time HRT of reactor at 1.0 ~ 2.0h, control the cross-sectional flow of reactor at 0.005cm/s ~ 0.020cm/s; If continuous more than the 3d of reactor nitrogen removal rate is more than 75%, then improve cross-sectional flow by increasing flooding velocity, each raising is no more than 35%, until the cross-sectional flow of reactor brings up to 0.0200 ~ 0.0300cm/s, when continuous more than 3d total nitrogen elimination capacity is more than 4.0kgN/m
3during/d, active sludge district mud is taken out, measure sludge concentration, SV and median size, then mud is taken back reactor; If the ratio of difference and SV2 that SV2 deducts SV10 is no more than 10%, mud median size, more than 1mm, thinks Granular sludge formation;
2) granule sludge strain, continues to improve cross-sectional flow, sets up reflux, keeps effluent recycling than R=1.15 ~ 1.30, and control HRT, at 0.33 ~ 0.48h, controls the cross-sectional flow of reactor at 0.2000cm/s ~ 0.2900cm/s; If continuous more than the 3d of reactor nitrogen removal rate more than 75%, then improves cross-sectional flow, each raising is no more than 20%, until the cross-sectional flow of reactor brings up to 0.2900cm/s, continuous more than 3d total nitrogen elimination capacity is stabilized in 6.2kgN/m
3/ d ~ 6.8kgN/m
3during/d, and till no longer increasing with the increase of flooding velocity; Often improve a cross-sectional flow, after running 7d, active sludge district mud is taken out, measure sludge concentration, SV10 and median size; If sludge concentration during the more last raising cross-sectional flow of sludge concentration, median size, median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces, but reactor total nitrogen elimination capacity no longer increases with the increase of flooding velocity, then think the success of granule sludge strain;
3) the granule sludge steady stage, fixing flooding velocity is constant, sets initial effluent recycling than R=1.45 ~ 1.55, and active sludge district mud takes out by every 7d, measures sludge concentration, SV10 and median size, then mud is taken back reactor; If the more last raising effluent recycling of sludge concentration, median size than time sludge concentration, median size increase to some extent, and SV10 reduces, then improve effluent recycling ratio, and each raising is no more than 20%; Until R=2.05 ~ 2.15, record sludge concentration, the more last raising effluent recycling of SV10 than time sludge concentration, SV10 difference be no more than 1% ~ 3%, and the more last raising effluent recycling of median size than time median size difference be no more than 1%, think that the granule sludge steady stage completes.
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| CN105906062B (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-07-27 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A method of control reflux ratio improves anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge and forms speed |
| CN107988132A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-04 | 齐鲁工业大学 | A kind of acclimation method for the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria of resistance to sulfate type |
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