CN103527748B - Spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive and the lifting means with the drive - Google Patents
Spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive and the lifting means with the drive Download PDFInfo
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- CN103527748B CN103527748B CN201310293901.XA CN201310293901A CN103527748B CN 103527748 B CN103527748 B CN 103527748B CN 201310293901 A CN201310293901 A CN 201310293901A CN 103527748 B CN103527748 B CN 103527748B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/32—Friction members
- F16H55/52—Pulleys or friction discs of adjustable construction
- F16H55/56—Pulleys or friction discs of adjustable construction of which the bearing parts are relatively axially adjustable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
- B66B11/08—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B15/00—Main component parts of mining-hoist winding devices
- B66B15/02—Rope or cable carriers
- B66B15/04—Friction sheaves; "Koepe" pulleys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
- B66D1/02—Driving gear
- B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
- B66D1/20—Chain, belt, or friction drives, e.g. incorporating sheaves of fixed or variable ratio
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/06—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
This spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive is a kind of combined type friction gearing based on space wedge mechanism, and it mainly includes rotating guiding mechanism G.Mechanism G, which has, to turn round around same axis and is provided with the guide ring and intermediary's ring of corresponding spigot surface, and when mechanism G is engaged, the lift angle λ that position is mutually contradicted between both sides' spigot surface is more than 0 and is less than or equal to ξ.The normal pressure for acting on each friction pair of drive adaptively corresponds to power torque rather than load torque, therefore, when its load only occurred on steel wire rope that trackslips overloads with respect to power torque, or, occur when structure is damaged (with respect to 0 ＜ λ≤ζ setting), and it is unrelated with the tension force difference at its both ends.Wherein, ζ, ξ are the minimum value and maximum for the lift angle λ that can make the guiding friction pair self-locking for being formed at above-mentioned conflict position respectively.Relative prior art and device based on Euler's formula, multiple-grooved drive of the invention, have bigger bearing capacity, safer performance.
Description
Related application
The application is as the basic of the applicant disclosed in patent document WO2011/000300A1 and CN102562860A
The dependent patent application of patent application, also, this application claims the Chinese patent application that the applicant proposes
201210242216.X priority.The full content of three first patent applications of the disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of by rigidity or flexible middle in elevator, lifting, pulling equipment and mechanical transmission fields
Driving member conveying rotary motion or torque, or the transmission/brake device of the rotary motion or torque is prevented, and including the biography
The friction hoisting equipment, more particularly to one such as the multi-rope friction hoisting machine of dynamic device, crane, elevator, cage
Combined type friction drive wheel of the kind with multiple circumferential slots.
Background technology
In the mechanical transmission fields such as elevator, lifting, traction with longer transmission distance, specially such as steel is utilized
Circumferential frictional force between the flexible mediation member and drive/capstan/friction pulley of cord transmits the technology of torque, with
And Euler's formula/belt principle of scientific explarnation, the applicating history with the centuries, and turning into already are given to the technology
The basic general knowledge of people.For example, the multi-groove type capstan of multi-rope friction hoisting machine, multi-groove type traction sheave/driving rope of elevator
Wheel etc., is all based on Euler's formula T1/T2=efαConceive, design and be fabricated.Wherein, α represents steel wire rope to capstan
Enclose cornerite, T1And T2Represent respectively and enclose the steel wire rope pilled-in selvedge at cornerite both ends and the tension force of slack list, f represents steel wire rope and capstan
Between coefficient of friction, e represents the truth of a matter of natural logrithm, is approximately equal to 2.718.
Obviously, in the belt principle of Euler friction pair normal pressure, the only tension force T only in relation to steel wire rope1And T2.Therefore,
According to Euler's formula, on the one hand, when f α product is restricted, T1/T2Also will be limited by same.That is, the biography of capstan
Kinetic force is significantly restricted, its only only passively depend on f and α product, and with drive its rotate power torque without
Direct relation.And on the other hand, because not having the ability of friction self-locking, once T1/T2Ratio be more than efαEven if input is dynamic
Power torque is more than T1With T2Difference corresponding to torque capacity (hereinafter referred to as difference torque), capstan also will be with respect to steel wire rope
Friction is trackslipped.Therefore, possible trackslip is become for example to lift a kind of real major security risk of transmission, is turned into such as
One major defect for not being satisfied with precautionary scheme of friction type winder technology.
The content of the invention
This invention address that transmission device of the design based on brand new technical principle, to avoid disadvantages mentioned above.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the space wedging that a kind of transmission capacity depends primarily on driving torque
Formula multiple-grooved drive.Compared with the prior art, it has the advantages of transmission capacity is stronger, and, it can be further provided with overload
The advantages of non-slip friction self-locking.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that provide a kind of rubbing with bigger transmission capacity and safety and reliability
Erasing lifting means.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive of the present invention includes, around axis revolution extremely
A few rotation guiding mechanism, the mechanism, which has, to turn round around above-mentioned axis and is provided with guide ring and the intermediary of corresponding spigot surface
Ring, the spigot surface of two ring form guiding friction pair with axially offseting；Guide ring is provided with shaft-like matrix, and intermediary's ring is rotationally
It is set on the shaft-like matrix, the radial outside of its axial end face of the upper spigot surface back to guide ring, is provided with revolution and rubs
Face；And one group of spacer ring of at least one in revolution rubbing surface and quantity, one group of spacer ring are provided with both ends of the surface
The axial side with revolution rubbing surface of intermediary's ring is coaxially disposed at, is not rotationally attached to the periphery of guide ring
Face；Wherein, the lift angle λ at the mutual conflict position of friction pair is oriented to, more than zero and is less than or equal to ξmax, i.e. 0 ＜ λ≤ξmax, its
In, ξmaxIt is when friction torque acts on the revolution rubbing surface of intermediary's ring, can causes to be oriented to friction pair circumference above certainly
Maximum that in the lift angle λ of lock all maximums.
Simplify as one kind, the limiter ring around axis revolution is also included in above-mentioned drive, in one group of spacer ring
Back to the axial side of intermediary's ring, side of the limiter ring to be at least restricted on the direction axially away from one group of spacer ring
Formula, the outer peripheral face of shaft-like matrix is non-rotatably connected to, axially the radial outside of the end face of agency ring is provided with above for it
Turn round rubbing surface.
Preferably, above-mentioned drive also includes the elastic pre-tightening mechanism at least with a flexible member, and it is used to cause
Rotate guiding mechanism itself has the trend of axial separation all the time.
Most preferably, guide ring and the spigot surface of intermediary ring both sides are the screw type flank of tooth for having complementary construction, and it is distinguished
It is arranged in correspondence with a surface including end face, inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral face for two ring；In axial plane, the screw type tooth
Angle between face and above-mentioned axis is more than 0 degree, less than 180 degree.Meanwhile intermediary's ring is additionally provided with the phase around the revolution of above-mentioned axis
Answer rubbing surface.
To solve above-mentioned another technical problem, friction hoisting equipment of the invention includes driving wheel, and the driving wheel is at least
It is partly above-mentioned spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive.
Other improvement projects of the present invention, are provided by specific embodiment part.
It should be strongly noted that the implication of related notion used in present specification or term is as follows：
Rotate guiding mechanism：Circumference is converted to the guiding including at least axially opposing movement or mobile trend
Mechanism.For example, the slides/rolls formula spiral or part helix mechanism of lead angle strict conformance and not strict conformance, radial peg
Groove mechanism, end face wedge mechanism, end face embeding mechanism, end ratchet mechanism, and, cylinder/end cam mechanism.
Space wedge mechanism：The composite structure being made up of rotation guiding mechanism and traction friction mechanism.
Enter wedge：Also referred to as wedging, with solution wedge/remove wedge on the contrary, be exactly intermediary's ring be directed to ring be driveably connected with friction member/
It is combined into the course of work and state of a friction piece.
ζ and ξ：The Important Limit angle of space wedge mechanism, intermediary's ring 90 as shown in Fig. 1,2, on the one hand, rubbed by it
Wiping face 104 and the traction rubbing surface 72 of the friction member 70 of such as steel wire rope form are at least axially contradicted, and position is contradicted to be formed
The W that makes a concerted effort of normal pressure is not orthogonal to axis of rotation X rotary type traction friction mechanism F1 traction friction pair；On the other hand,
Spigot surface such as 94a by it towards a certain circumferencial direction, spigot surface such as 54a corresponding to guide ring 50 are at least axially supported
Touch, being not orthogonal to axis of rotation X rotation guiding mechanism G to form the N that makes a concerted effort for the normal pressure for contradicting position comprises at least
One group of guiding friction pair of one；The average value of the common tangent at the conflict position and the angle of the plane perpendicular to axis of rotation X,
The referred to as lift angle λ at the conflict position；Another further aspect, it can also be acted on by other surfaces such as elastic pretension or spacing mesh
Other active forces, such as shown in Fig. 3；It is oriented in the rotation for rotating guiding mechanism G in operating mode, that is, guide ring 50 starts
Constantly have in the trend that arrow P direction Relative frictions part 70 rotates along such as Fig. 2 of driving intermediary ring 90, can be true
The minimum lift angle for protecting the both sides surface conflict position for being oriented to friction pair self-locking is defined as ζ, and maximum lift angle is then defined as ξ.
Two limiting angles define completely intermediary's ring 90 be oppositely oriented ring 50 rotate forward, transfixion and rotate backward all can
The forms of motion of energy.Concrete meaning is as follows：
1st, as 90 degree of ξ ＜ λ ＜, it is oriented to friction pair and traction friction pair is unable to friction self-locking, by being oriented to friction pair
Normal pressure N, or its component Q and T, guide ring 50 and friction member 70 can cause intermediary's ring 90 it is relative the two forward that is, arrow
Head P directions are trackslipped and extruded.Therefore, guide ring 50 and friction member 70 can not be by the wedgings of intermediary's ring 90 into a friction piece.
Only because pressure N is derived from non-resilient power, or limited from elastic force but by element structure, just cause intermediary's ring 90 only to be led
Promote the friction of Relative friction part 70 to trackslip to ring 50 and do not extruded actually.
2nd, as ζ ＜ λ≤ξ and λ ＞ 0, traction friction pair has breaks through itself static friction state/resistance prior to being oriented to friction pair
The characteristic of power and entrance sliding friction state.Therefore, intermediary's ring 90 can be directed to ring 50 and be rubbed with the wedging of friction member 70 into one
Rub body, but when friction member 70 is oppositely oriented ring 50 and overloaded, traction friction pair will break through its static friction state/maximum static friction
Resistance and be normally transferred to sliding friction state, and be oriented to friction pair then because not breaking through its static friction state/resistance also and all the time
In constant self-locking state.Accordingly, space wedge mechanism is in half wedging state, and freewheel clutch is in and non-fully engaged
State.
3rd, when 0 ＜ λ≤ζ (situation for being directed to ζ ＞ 0), it is quiet with itself is broken through prior to traction friction pair to be oriented to friction pair
The characteristic of Frotteurism/resistance and entrance sliding friction state.Therefore, intermediary's ring 90 can be directed to ring 50 and the wedge of friction member 70
Synthesize a friction piece, but friction member 70 be oppositely oriented ring 50 overload when, be oriented to friction pair will break through its static friction state/
Maximum static friction resistance and cause intermediary's ring 90 to have and be oppositely oriented ring 50 and trackslip the trend climbed, and draw friction pair then because and also
Its static friction state/resistance is not broken through and is in constant self-locking state all the time.However, because above-mentioned trend of climbing is by space wedge
The axial force enclosed construction of shape mechanism is rigidly prevented (except non-pressure N is derived from elastic force), therefore, is oriented to friction pair by actually strong
Maintain to property processed the general static friction state for being equal to self-locking.That is, intermediary's ring 90, guide ring 50 and the three of friction member 70 are strong
Wedging processed/be combined into a rotation entirety, is not in the situation mutually trackslipped and climbed, except non-overloaded to structure damage.Space
Absolute self-locking/wedging state of the wedge mechanism thus in similar diagonal-bracing type freewheel clutch, its transmission capacity are only dependent upon knot
Structure intensity.
From general knowledge, λ is equal to ζ situation, that is, traction friction pair can be broken through each simultaneously with being oriented to friction pair
The situation of static friction state/resistance and entrance sliding friction state, exists only in theory and is not present in reality.Namely
Say, because can not self-locking simultaneously and inevitable all the time there is the friction pair that trackslips of one group of not self-locking, space wedge mechanism transmission to turn
The physical essence of square can only be rubbed, rather than the friction self-locking of prior art identification.But limiting angle ζ is not by prior art theory
Recognized, can not be enlightened, imagined or disclosed by the movement relation of the plane wedge mechanism as special case, can not be by it
Structure is derived.Therefore, before document CN101936346A discloses above-mentioned cognition, it is not known that limiting angle ζ presence and thing
The prior art of reason implication just can not thoroughly recognize the actual physical implication of limiting angle ξ that is, the angle of wedge, including rub what is trackslipped
Normality, unlikely find, disclose and confirm space wedging physical essence, and and then draw the application based on space wedge
The technical scheme of shape mechanism.
Obviously, above-mentioned lift angle λ is exactly the angle of wedge of space wedge mechanism, also referred to as wedging angle/choke angle, and only in 0 ＜ λ≤ξ
When, space wedge mechanism can wedging.
Illustrated from above-mentioned principle, in the space wedge mechanism to be worked according to autoexcitation principle, provided axially for it
The normal pressure of the guiding friction pair of engaging force, mainly adaptively correspond to such as power of the external influence on guide ring 50 and turn
Square M0, rather than such as load torque/tension force corresponding to external influence on friction member 70.Especially transmitting the shape of torque
In state.Therefore, in the setting that guide ring 50 is coupled to prime mover and ζ ＜ λ≤ξ, only when power torque is less than T1With T2Difference
When being worth torque, drive of the invention just can the relative such as steel wire iope slippage as friction member 70, it is and not straight with f α product
Connect relation.And in 0 ＜ λ≤ζ setting, more it will not also be skidded before being loaded onto structure excessively and damaging.But according to Euler's formula
Drive/capstan of setting is not but so, because the normal pressure of its power transmission friction pair is only only in relation to T1With T2, therefore, only
Want T1/T2＞ efα, drive is with regard to the inevitable relative such as steel wire iope slippage as friction member 70, regardless of whether it is dynamic to drive it to rotate
Whether power torque is more than T1With T2Difference torque.
Compared with the prior art, the spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive according to the present invention, because it is oriented to the normal pressure of friction pair
Main the characteristics of being relevant to power torque, so as to be provided with higher transmission capacity, or even non-slip absolute friction can be realized
The superior quality of self-locking transmission.By the explanation and accompanying drawing of following embodiments, objects and advantages of the present invention will seem more
It is clear and clear.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the axial sectional view according to the simplification of the unilateral guidance type multiple-grooved drive of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the profile of Tu1Zhong Ge mechanisms to the schematic local expansion figure of same external cylindrical surface radially projecting.
Fig. 3 is the axial sectional view according to the simplification of the bilateral guidance type multiple-grooved drive of the present invention.
Embodiment
Necessary explanation：For simplicity, in the text of this specification and all accompanying drawings, same or analogous component and feature
Position uses identical reference, and gives necessary explanation when only occurring for the first time at them or have modification.Equally,
The working mechanism or process of the same or similar mechanism of not repeat specification.The identical on symmetrical or correspondence position is arranged on for difference
Component or characteristic portion, this specification addition of letter behind its reference, and when referring to explanation or need not distinguish, then
Do not add any letter.
Embodiment one：Unilateral guidance type spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive P1
Referring to Fig. 1~2, multiple-grooved drive P1 includes being formed around axis X, and is most preferably in the guide ring 50 of ladder shaft-like.
Guide ring 50 is provided with the shaft-like matrix of specially tubular matrix 60, and it is located at the inner face of the ladder outer shroud of multi-diameter shaft one end
On, be provided with one group most preferably around the circumferentially uniform spiral of axis X it is tooth-like be oriented to tooth 52, its ladder inner ring towards the inner extension
On the middle part outer peripheral face of tubular matrix 60, the ground diameter that can trackslip is to being located intermediary's ring 90.Intermediary's ring 90 is by being arranged on its face
To the tooth-like guiding tooth 92 of one group of spiral with guiding tooth 52 in complementary construction on the collar flange end face of guide ring 50, with leading
Unvaryingly it is fitted together to ring 50, most preferably to form the rotation guiding mechanism G of face contact, that is, the core of spatial-wedging drive
Part.Unshowned power transmission shaft is non-rotatably connected to the inner peripheral surface of tubular matrix 60 by such as flat key and keyway 64.
Connected to form enclosed contradict of axial force, pass through one group of inner spline gear 182 with complementary structure and outer flower
Key teeth 62, limiter ring 180 is non-rotatably connected on the outer peripheral face of remote guiding tooth 52 of tubular matrix 60, and is set
In its axial outer end nut type support member 140 axial direction support and it is spacing.The support member 140 rotationally connects by screw thread pair
The thread segment 66 of the outer end of tubular matrix 60 is connected to, infinitely to adjust the axial Support Position of support member 140, and can adjusted
Section is completed and then most preferably is fixed against rotating by known technologies such as radial peg or splicing.Obviously, the screw thread pair
Thread can have any cross sectional shape, such as in known technology, rectangle, trapezoidal, zigzag or triangle etc..
In the present invention, as annular rigid for no reason or the friction member 70 of flexible mediation member, specially steel wire rope, when
Can also be specially so to have such as the belt of trapezoidal sectional shape.To transmit friction torque with it in the form of multiple-grooved, limiting
On the outer peripheral face of tubular matrix 60 between power ring 180 and intermediary's ring 90, one group of spacer ring including at least one is additionally provided with
20, such as 3~10, or as shown in Figure 1 two.Match somebody with somebody by spline tooth 22 in its endoporus and the external spline teeth 62 of complementation
Close, spacer ring 20 is non-rotatably connected to the outer peripheral face of tubular matrix 60.Limiter ring 180, spacer ring 20a and 20b, Yi Jizhong
The radially outer ring side of the opposed facing end face of the component of Jie's ring 90 4, it is provided with most preferably symmetrical being at least and substantially cuts
The surface of revolution of taper/revolution rubbing surface, so that the conflict position of itself and friction member 70 most preferably has section relatively
Curvature.The frustum-like shape surface of revolution facing each other is the rubbing surface 104 being arranged on intermediary's ring 90 respectively, is arranged at limiter
Power transmission rubbing surface 58 on ring 180, and the rubbing surface 24 being arranged on spacer ring 20, these rubbing surfaces are relatively distinguished two-by-two
Limit the rotary type groove 78 that cross section is at least in the respective number of substantially V-shaped, such as three shown in Fig. 1.
The specially friction member 70 of steel wire rope, and in quantity it is equal with spacer ring 20, it is optimal with friction member 70 in form
The ground identical steel wire rope for also acting as mediation member such as 30a and 30b, to circumferentially extend to the optimal side of less half cycle
Formula, respectively in corresponding groove 78, and traction friction mechanism F1 is formed respectively and directly transmits the power transmission of friction torque
Friction mechanism F2.Wherein, traction friction mechanism F1 includes, intermediary's ring 90, and, rubbing surface 72 and rubbing surface are drawn by it
The connected friction member 70 of 104 frictions.The friction mechanism of power transmission friction mechanism F2 friction disk types more than one, it includes, and makees
For spacer ring 20a, 20b of inner attrition piece, limiter ring 180, friction member 70, and, as outside friction disc steel wire rope 30a and
30b.Obviously, spacer ring 20a, 20b and corresponding steel wire rope 30a and 30b are removed, the power transmission rubbing surface 74 on friction member 70 will
Directly rub and be connected with power transmission rubbing surface 58, so as to be modified to the common power transmission friction mechanism F2 with single friction pair.This
In, rotation guiding mechanism G collectively forms the face type space wedge mechanism in multiple-grooved drive P1 with traction friction mechanism F1.Should
Spatial-wedging friction of the mechanism again with power transmission friction mechanism F2 composition multiple-grooved drives P1 is connected/transmission mechanism.
It is readily apparent that, when friction member 70 is specially steel wire rope, it is exactly it that it, which draws rubbing surface 72 and power transmission rubbing surface 74,
Circumferential outer surface, and when it is specially V-belt, two rubbing surfaces are exactly the frusto-conical surface of two about half cycles.
It should be noted that the implication of the application " directly transmitting friction torque " refers to, transmission of the torque between two components
Path is merely through a friction mechanism, and without any second other mechanism, friction possessed by itself and the friction mechanism
The quantity of face/piece/steel wire rope does not have any relation.
Fig. 2, which is shown, rotates guiding mechanism G and the detailed relation and architectural feature of guide ring 50 and the grade of intermediary's ring 90.Its
In, the spigot surface 54 and 94 for the tooth-like guiding tooth 52 and 92 of each pair face type spiral for having trapezoidal cross-section and radially extending can
It is bonded to each other, the spiral guiding friction pair contacted with the two groups of faces formed corresponding to different circumferencial directions.That is, this two groups have
The spigot surface 54 and 94 of complementary structure is most preferably the screw type flank of tooth.And the tooth that each pair is oriented to tooth 52 and 92 is high, by most preferably
While being arranged to without prejudice to two groups of spigot surface 54a and 94a and 54b and 94b corresponding to two circumferencial directions in the axial direction
Fitting, that is, respective tooth top and the axial minimum spacing δ of each residing teeth groove groove bottom, most preferably more than zero, to ensure to turn
The action-oriented mechanism G circumferential free degree/gap ε can be equal to zero.Preferably, two groups of guiding of two circumferencial directions are respectively facing
Face 54a and 94a and 54b and 94b two complementary lift angle λaAnd λb, it is respectively provided with into and is symmetrically equal to λ.Overload is needed to skid
When, ζ ＜ λ≤ξ.It is readily appreciated that, as 0 ＜ λ≤ζ (situation for being directed to ζ ＞ 0), multiple-grooved drive P1 will be due to as described above
Reason and as overload it is also non-slip the fact on sprocket wheel.Therefore, for such as multi-rope friction hoisting machine and lifting electricity
Multiple-grooved drive in ladder, 0 ＜ λ≤ζ lift angle should be most preferably selected to set.
In fact, due to the mean effort radius for the actual frictional contact surface for drawing friction mechanism F1, that is, effectively
Radius R1It can continuously change in some practical applications, such as need the frictional wheel drive application of reducing.Therefore, on
Stating limiting angle ζ and ξ will be with R1Change between minimum value and maximum and change, and respectively correspondingly have respective two
Individual extreme value.That is, ζ ∈ [ζmin, ζmax], ξ ∈ [ξmin, ξmax].So, it is ensured that such as multiple-grooved drive P1 frictional drive is absolutely not
The lift angle λ of skidding general interval should be：0 ＜ λ≤ζmin(work as ζminDuring ＞ 0).
Obviously, when friction member 70, steel wire rope 30a and 30b have identical diameter and length, in such as multi-rope friction type
In elevator, the spacer ring 20a and 20b that can adaptively move axially, thus it is ensured that three is passed by the same radius of gyration around multiple-grooved
Driving wheel P1 is rotated, that is, with identical effective radius R1。
It is readily appreciated that, multiple guiding teeth 52 of guide ring 50, the actually chisel teeth of space wedge mechanism in Fig. 2,
Its spigot surface 54a and 54b little by little draws rubbing surface 72 towards two circumferencial directions axially adjacent to the rotary type of friction member 70 respectively,
And it is respectively enclosed to multiple end face wedge shape spaces circumferentially with the latter.And be arranged in the plurality of wedge shape space multiple leads
It is exactly wedging to tooth 92, it most preferably can mutually be merged into a part because being not necessarily to radial motion, i.e., overall ring-type
Intermediary's ring 90.
If it is contemplated that by the lift angle of one group of spigot surface in Fig. 2, such as 54b and 94b λb, ξ is set greater than,
For example reaching 90 degree parallel to axis X, multiple-grooved drive P1 is by the rotation side for causing spigot surface 54b and 94b circumferentially to contradict
Upwards, the friction drive wheel according to Euler's formula work is modified to, and according to space wedging of the invention only on other direction
Principle works.
In addition, to obtain optimal functional reliability, prevent dust etc. from entering the friction for being most preferably filled with greasing substance
Pair, rotating guiding mechanism G radially outside, be also most preferably provided with the dust ring 40 of such as tubulose.The two of the dust ring 40
The sealing lip at end, with respect to trackslip elastic respectively it can be set on the corresponding outer peripheral face of guide ring 50 and intermediary's ring 90.For same
Sample purpose, corresponding three dust rings 42, in a manner of axially upper while elasticity conflict is to both ends component, by being respectively separated set
Put between intermediary's ring 90, spacer ring 20a, 20b, and limiter ring 180.
The multiple-grooved drive P1 course of work is very simple.When guide ring 50 starts constantly have such as arrow along Fig. 2
Head P directions, Relative friction part 70 make the initial instant/zero moment for the trend that driving rotates, and friction member 70 will be by traction
Friction mechanism F1 traction friction torque, the intermediary's ring 90 for rotating guiding mechanism G is drawn, be oppositely oriented ring 50 along arrow R institutes
Finger direction rotates guiding movement.Axial movement/tension force caused by mechanism G rotation guiding movement/trend, or axle
It is wedge-shaped in the end face that spigot surface 54a and traction rubbing surface 72 are surrounded being directed to tooth 92 moment wedging to engaging force/thrust
In space, that is, intermediary's ring 90 is directed to ring 50 with the wedging of friction member 70 into a dynamic friction piece, draws friction mechanism
F1 thus the engagement of axial expansion chuck while, also in a manner of forming that axial force is closed and contradict connection, cause more friction disk types
Synchronously engage power transmission friction mechanism F2 axial directions expansion chuck.That is, above-mentioned tension force will also cause rubbing as mediation member
Part 70 and steel wire rope 30a and 30b are wiped, and spacer ring 20a, 20b and limiter ring 180 as direct-drive part, on axial direction
Directly swelling is into a dynamic friction piece.
Should be in passing, it is noted that above-mentioned " dynamic " be meant that, as the participation friction power transmission in power transmission friction piece
Friction member 70 and steel wire rope 30a and 30b, actually simply respective that part corresponding to friction pair position, that is,
The dynamically part in groove 78 of friction member 70 and steel wire rope 30a and 30b.Obviously, the part is not
A certain fixed part in respective component, but by all sites of respective component with circulate/relay substitute mode infinitely and
Continuously serve as.
Then, multiple-grooved drive P1 engages with the wedging of space wedge mechanism.By the biography in the endoporus of tubular matrix 60
The incoming power torque M of moving axis0, it is divided into the wedging friction torque transmitted via guiding mechanism G and traction friction mechanism F1 is rotated
M1, and the power transmission friction torque M directly transmitted via power transmission friction mechanism F22, it is delivered separately to such as belt/steel wire rope form
Friction member 70, steel wire rope 30a and 30b.Wherein, M0=M1+M2.Obviously, above-mentioned axial tension force, wedging power/engaging force and each
The size of frictional force, is adaptively proportional to M completely1, that is, driving torque M0。
Far and away, due to the symmetry in circumference, the arrow R direction Relative frictions part 70 along Fig. 2 of guide ring 50 is made
Course of work when driving rotates, is quite analogous to, herein without the necessity repeated naturally.In addition, torque also can by with it is upper
Opposite path is stated to transmit, and the course of work does not have any essential difference.
By described above it is seen that, according to the present invention multiple-grooved drive P1, the uniqueness of utilization space wedge mechanism
Working mechanism, axially established between engaging force/tension force and actual transfer torque direct and adaptive interior
Contacting, and be medium with intermediary's ring 90, by friction member 70 and the wedging of guide ring 50 into a dynamic friction piece.Meanwhile profit
With " power amplifier " characteristic of space wedge mechanism, its autoexcitation formula axial direction tension force is directly used in power transmission friction therein
Mechanism F2, so as to its transmission capacity that doubled.Therefore, the present invention be different from completely passive type drive theory of the prior art and
Pattern.And there is overload to skid and two kinds of definitely non-slip wedging/mode of operations respectively.So as to form according to the more of the present invention
Groove drive P1 is different from and the most essential technical characteristic better than the prior art according to Eulerian theory, and is provided with therefrom
Following significant performance advantages and beneficial effect.
First, multiple-grooved drive P1 improves the reliability of transmission and the service efficiency of prime mover, eliminates non-powered mistake
Friction during load is trackslipped phenomenon.That is, in the range of ζ ＜ λ≤ξ lift angle, due to autoexcitation effect, whether it skids, Jin Jinxiang
On loading relative to power torque M0Whether overload, the change of coefficient of friction is no longer sensitive to as prior art, no longer
The difference of the tension force of the steel wire rope at multiple-grooved drive P1 both ends is directly depended on, meanwhile, also provided using most prime mover dynamic
Power torque M0。
Secondly, in 0 ＜ λ≤ζminIn the setting of (situation for being directed to ζ ＞ 0), caused as long as occurring without coefficient of friction equal to zero
The situation for making autoexcitation effect disappear, multiple-grooved drive P1 are and absolute non-slip just by with definitely be high transmission capacity
Friction self-locking ability, even if causing to stop prime mover, or cause the transmission system or work of prime mover including multiple-grooved drive P1
One of machine is damaged, so as to ensure equipment and the safety of personnel to greatest extent.
Again, because the main function of coefficient of friction is decision limiting angle ζ and ξ size, rather than transmission energy is determined
An important factor for power size, the resource and cost put into increase coefficient of friction can be reduced.
It is important to point out that the condition of multiple-grooved drive P1 normal works is the friction member 70 as mediation member
And steel wire rope 30a and 30b, it is necessary to its radial position can be maintained and can not radially be extruded.That is, as long as above-mentioned axial direction
Tension force can not overcome the radial friction resistance for acting on mediation member and its both ends tension force T1With T2Difference and by centre
Driving member is radially extruded, and multiple-grooved drive P1 wedging type drive state would not be destroyed.Or can also according to known technology,
The angle that two common tangents of the both sides of Fig. 1 further grooves 78 and the friction contradiction position of mediation member are formed, is arranged on and rubs
Wipe within angle.So, even if not considering tension force T1And T2, also can only frictionally secondary radially self-locking, ensure mediation member radially
The absolute stability of position.
Certainly, more to insure, also at least one spacing pulley or contact roller, example can be set in the radial outside of groove 78
Such as, friction member 70 and steel wire rope 30 and the radial outside at the point of contact of groove 78 in Fig. 1 are separately positioned on, utterly to prevent institute
There is the radial outward movement of mediation member.
Must it should be noted that, for seek bigger design freedom and make space wedge mechanism be easier wedging or solution wedge,
The present invention also has the technological means of various lifting limiting angle ζ and ξ numerical value.Including the guiding mechanism G He of spigot surface 54 will be rotated
94 are arranged to apsacline helical tooth flank, to cause the cone-apex angle of the angle of spigot surface 54 and 94 and axis X in shaft section/half no longer etc.
In 90 degree, and the other values being equal between 0~180 degree；And it will be provided with the material of bigger coefficient of friction or element is attached to
On at least one in rubbing surface 72 and 104.Should herein conveniently, this specification is had been presented on limiting angle ζ
With ξ clearly literal definition and explanation, without paying any performing creative labour, one of ordinary skill in the art can evidence
This derives its universal function relational expression/calculation formula.
In addition, as described in definition, the present invention does not make specific limit to rotating guiding mechanism G and its being oriented to tooth 52,92
System, it is not necessarily to have optimal spiral toothing, is also not necessarily to the complementary guiding flank of tooth.Therefore, guiding mechanism G and
It, which is oriented to tooth and is oriented to the flank of tooth, can have the form and shape for arbitrarily possessing and rotating guide function.Being oriented to tooth can be set by discrete form
Put on the end face of guide ring 50 and the both sides of intermediary's ring 90 or on inside and outside side face, also can be by such as single head or multiple-threaded side
Formula, it is circumferential to be arranged on continuing on corresponding inside and outside side face.And in latter arrangement form, it can most preferably be arranged to have
There is the helical tooth of such as rectangle, trapezoidal, zigzag or triangle prismatic shapes.
Embodiment two：Bilateral guidance type spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive P2
As shown in figure 3, multiple-grooved drive P2 is the simple variant to multiple-grooved drive P1.
First, the axial direction of tension force is successively decreased effect to reduce the frictional force between spline tooth 22 and 62, most possibly really
Protecting all mediation members has consistent pulling force, and limiter ring 180 is most preferably modified into another intermediary ring 90b.Then, it is more
Groove drive P2 is provided with two substantially symmetric rotation guiding mechanism Ga and Gb, and it most preferably has two groups of identical spiral shells
Rotary teeth type is oriented to tooth 52a and 92a and 52b and 92b.Accordingly, the guide ring 50b of intermediary's ring 90b axial outer ends is arranged on, is borrowed
The inner spline gear helped in its endoporus, non-rotatably it is connected on the corresponding outer peripheral face of the outer end of tubular matrix 60.
Secondly, for forming the support member 140 of axially force-closed connection, it is modified to the snap ring of two most preferably radial symmetrics
Formula limiter semi-ring 160a and 160b.Two limiter semi-rings 160 are with axially conflict simultaneously to guide ring 50b outer faces, Yi Jijing
To contradicting to the mode of the guide ring 50b inner peripheral surface of facing flange 51 simultaneously, it is corresponding to be radially entrenched in the outer end of tubular matrix 60
Circumferential slot in, so as to axially support and limit guide ring 50b.Preferably, two radial interferences of limiter semi-ring 160 ground expanded joint
On the inner peripheral surface of flange 51.
Obviously, limiter semi-ring 160a and 160b can also be used in multiple-grooved drive P1, and can be replaced it is known for example
Snap ring, or, such as the complete circle of several radial protrusions is provided with endoporus., should be with circumferential complementation in latter replacement
Mode, at the radial flange portions 68 positioned at the tubular matrix 60 of the outer side of the complete circle, the periphery of respective amount is set
The outer radial that face is no more than the bottom surface of external spline teeth 62 is raised, by the complete circle axially enter in a manner of tooth tooth is staggered position it
Afterwards, then tooth tooth relatively gives axial support.In fact, guide ring 50b mode is axially supported and limits, without any shape
Formula limits.
Again, be to obtain optimal functional reliability and action response, rotate guiding mechanism Ga and Gb radial direction it
Outside, the elastic pre-tightening mechanism including being provided with least one flexible member is also most preferably respectively arranged with, for example, a spiral pressure
Spring formula spring 150, for causing to rotate the guiding mechanism G trend with axial separation all the time.The both ends of spring 150 contradict respectively
To intermediary's ring 90 and the corresponding radial flange of the both sides of guide ring 50.So, intermediary's ring 90 will be suppressed routinely in friction member
On 70, zero is equal to the action response time for drawing friction mechanism F1 so as to ensure to rotate guiding mechanism G.
It is not difficult to understand, the setting will be particularly conducive to tension force T1And T2Smaller or null transmission application.For example do not have
Load the available frictional machine driving for example in horizontal plane of gravity.
In addition, the installation of the flexible mediation member/friction member 70 of such as belt or steel wire rope etc enters bit manipulation, by because
The characteristics of adjustable is facilitated to become simple easy for the axial width of groove 78.Meanwhile without any specialized organization, it can ensure
The moment such as belt are in preferably tensioning and straightened condition, significantly reduce the radial force on associated actuator axle and bearing.
Certainly, the elastic pre-tightening mechanism and spring 150 in the present embodiment be an example, its quantity can be one or
Two, or, can also not have as shown in embodiment one.And it is apparent that it is therein for example be specially spring 150 extremely
A few flexible member both directly can also can at the same time or separately be coupled indirectly to intermediary's ring 90 and guide ring 50, only
Will the elastic pre-tightening mechanism can cause to rotate guiding mechanism G there is the trend of axial separation all the time.Its more structure
Form and set location explanation, reference can be made to the two basic patent applications integrally combined above, it will not go into details herein.
Observe Fig. 3 it is seen that, multiple-grooved drive P2 have two traction friction mechanism F1a and F1b, and if remove between
Spacer ring 20a and 20b, steel wire rope 30 and friction member such as 70b, it will no longer have that power transmission friction mechanism F2.It should illustrate
It is, for the convenience of mapping, all dust rings 40 and 42 to be eliminated in Fig. 3.
Obviously, multiple-grooved drive P2 has the course of work with multiple-grooved drive P1 all fours, so, it is no longer heavy herein
Multiple explanation.
It is readily appreciated that, in the application for only needing unidirectional delivery torque, two rotations guiding mechanism Ga and Gb can as above institutes
The unidirectional screw thread being disposed on respectively with stating between intermediary ring 90a, 90b inner peripheral surface and the both ends outer peripheral face of tubular matrix 60
Mechanism, the helical tooth of two thread mechanisms have reciprocal rotation direction and most preferably identical lift angle λ.Now, tubular matrix 60
It is exactly guide ring 50 on the whole, and no longer required any limiter element, the institute of intermediary's ring 90 can be provided in itself by rotating guiding mechanism G
The axial direction support needed and attributive function.
So far, those skilled in the art should be able to expect, as long as the spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive with the present invention
Go to replace all or part of capstan, driving wheel, driving wheel or the system in all kinds of friction type winder/equipment of the prior art
Driving wheel, for example, replacing capstan/driving wheel in all kinds of mining multi-rope friction hoisting machines and crane, replace all kinds of cars
Traction sheave/driving rope sheave in formula vertical lift elevator etc., or at least in part using it as driving wheel/driving wheel, then match somebody with somebody
Put with necessary prime mover, transmission device, mediation member, equipment, braking and control device etc., can obtain according to this
Goods or friction type winder/equipment of personnel are fallen in the lifting of invention.And compared with the prior art, it obviously has carrying energy
Power is stronger and the beneficial effect of safety and reliability.
It is only the description and diagram that the present invention gives for its limited embodiments above, it is a certain degree of special to have
Property, it is understood that, mentioned embodiment and accompanying drawing are all merely illustrative, rather than the limitation present invention and its guarantor
Scope is protected, various change, equivalent, exchange and the change of member position or structure for carrying out them, will all be considered as not taking off
Leave the spirit and scope of present inventive concept.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive, including：
Around at least one rotation guiding mechanism of axis revolution, it, which has, turns round around the axis and is provided with corresponding guiding
The guide ring and intermediary's ring in face, and, axially offseted institute's shape by the spigot surface of the guide ring and intermediary's ring both sides
Into guiding friction pair, the guide ring is provided with shaft-like matrix, and intermediary's ring is rotatably sleeved on the shaft-like matrix,
Radial outside of the intermediary's annulate shaft upwards back to the end face of the spigot surface of the guide ring is provided with revolution rubbing surface；
It is characterized in that：
Also include being provided with one group of spacer ring for being at least one in revolution rubbing surface and quantity, one group of interval in both ends of the surface
Ring is coaxially disposed at the axial side with the revolution rubbing surface of intermediary's ring, is not rotationally attached to institute
State the outer peripheral face of guide ring；And
The lift angle λ at the mutual conflict position for being oriented to friction pair, more than zero and is less than or equal to ξ max, i.e. 0 ＜ λ≤ξ max,
Wherein, ξ max are when friction torque acts on the revolution rubbing surface of intermediary's ring, and the guiding can be caused to rub
Wipe maximum that in the lift angle λ of secondary circumferential upper self-locking all maximums.
2. the multiple-grooved drive as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In one group of spacer ring back to intermediary's ring
Axial side, be additionally provided with around the axis revolution limiter ring, the limiter ring is with least between axially away from described one group
The mode being restricted on the direction of spacer ring, is non-rotatably connected to the outer peripheral face of the shaft-like matrix, its axle upwardly facing
The radial outside of the end face of intermediary's ring is provided with revolution rubbing surface.
3. the multiple-grooved drive as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The quantity for rotating guiding mechanism is substantially symmetric
Ground is arranged on two of one group of spacer ring axial direction both ends, and two intermediary's rings of this two rotation guiding mechanisms are
Substantially symmetric or full symmetric component, this two it is described rotate guiding mechanism two guide rings in one so that
Few mode being restricted on the direction axially away from one group of spacer ring, is non-rotatably connected to the shaft-like matrix
Outer peripheral face.
4. the multiple-grooved drive as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that：Also include that at least there is an elasticity
The elastic pre-tightening mechanism of element, it is in a manner of causing the rotation guiding mechanism to have axial separation trend all the time, constantly
It is connected to the guide ring and intermediary's ring.
5. the multiple-grooved drive as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that：Intermediary's ring is one around described
Axis forms and is provided with the annular component of corresponding revolution rubbing surface；
The guide ring and the spigot surface of intermediary's ring both sides are the screw type flank of tooth for having complementary construction, and it is distinguished
It is arranged in correspondence with a respective surface including end face, inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral face；In axial plane, the screw type tooth
Angle between face and the axis is more than 0 degree, less than 180 degree.
6. a kind of friction hoisting equipment of the spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive with described in any one of claims 1 to 3, bag
Include driving wheel, it is characterised in that：The driving wheel is the spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive at least in part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310293901.XA CN103527748B (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2013-07-03 | Spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive and the lifting means with the drive |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210242216X | 2012-07-03 | ||
| CN201210242216.X | 2012-07-03 | ||
| CN201210242216 | 2012-07-03 | ||
| CN201310293901.XA CN103527748B (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2013-07-03 | Spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive and the lifting means with the drive |
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| CN103527748A CN103527748A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN103527748B true CN103527748B (en) | 2018-01-09 |
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| CN201310293901.XA Active CN103527748B (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2013-07-03 | Spatial-wedging multiple-grooved drive and the lifting means with the drive |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104963963B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2018-08-28 | 洪涛 | Spatial-wedging multiple-grooved driving wheel with the big angle of wedge and the multi-rope friction type lifting means including the driving wheel |
| DE102017206131A1 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-11 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Drive shaft for an elevator installation |
| CN117128258A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-11-28 | 万向钱潮股份公司 | Cam clutch and monitoring method |
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| US4462272A (en) * | 1981-08-19 | 1984-07-31 | Rockwell International Corporation | Limited slip differential |
| JP4013384B2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2007-11-28 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Pulley unit with one-way clutch |
| CN201747821U (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-02-16 | 洪涛 | Space wedge-type friction overrunning clutch |
| CN201794963U (en) * | 2010-10-10 | 2011-04-13 | 洪涛 | Space wedge-type friction overrunning clutch with bag-shaped component |
| CN102478086A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-05-30 | 洪涛 | Space wedge type irreversible transmission device and whole active driving lifting mechanism |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011000300A1 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2011-01-06 | Hong Tao | Spatial wedgeing friction overrunning clutch |
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2013
- 2013-07-03 CN CN201310293901.XA patent/CN103527748B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4462272A (en) * | 1981-08-19 | 1984-07-31 | Rockwell International Corporation | Limited slip differential |
| JP4013384B2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2007-11-28 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Pulley unit with one-way clutch |
| CN201747821U (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-02-16 | 洪涛 | Space wedge-type friction overrunning clutch |
| CN201794963U (en) * | 2010-10-10 | 2011-04-13 | 洪涛 | Space wedge-type friction overrunning clutch with bag-shaped component |
| CN102478086A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-05-30 | 洪涛 | Space wedge type irreversible transmission device and whole active driving lifting mechanism |
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| CN103527748A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
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