CN103526068B - Preparation method of high-strength rare earth doped copper alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-strength rare earth doped copper alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103526068B CN103526068B CN201310475170.0A CN201310475170A CN103526068B CN 103526068 B CN103526068 B CN 103526068B CN 201310475170 A CN201310475170 A CN 201310475170A CN 103526068 B CN103526068 B CN 103526068B
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength rare earth doped copper alloy. The preparation method comprises the following steps: an alloy smelting step, a casting step and a heat treatment step. By doping of rare earth elements of Yb and Pr and combination of the heat treatment process, the copper alloy is obviously improved, the electrical conductivity and the tensile property are improved, and the alloy tensile strength, elongation rate and electrical conductivity are significantly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity field, specifically, relate to a kind of preparation method of high strength rare earth copper doped alloy.
Background technology
High property copper alloy is the important materials of national economy.Fine copper has excellent electroconductibility, but its tensile strength, usually the highlyest can only reach 350MPa, the demand of the departments such as the aerospace of high speed development, electronic industry, communications and transportation, national defense industry can not be met.Therefore, need to research and develop high-performance copper alloy material, meet the national economy new demand of development.The research of high-performance copper alloy material mainly concentrates on the aspects such as electrician's copper alloy, leadless environment-friendly type copper alloy, high-strength wearable copper alloy, High Purity copper and Cu-base composites, and developing direction is that research and development are high-strength, height is led, the high property copper alloy of wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, low cost.Although China has become the first big country of world's copper alloy production and consumption, in high-performance copper alloy material exploitation and smelting technique etc., also there is larger gap with advanced international standard.
And at present, under ensureing that material has the prerequisite of excellent processing performance, Practical Performance and low cost production, solve the contradiction between copper alloy high connductivity and high strength, be the most important thing of various countries' research and development.The design of alloy of material is that high-strength, the height obtaining material is led, the high performance the first step, the design of alloying constituent not only comprises the kind and add-on that add alloying element, need the mutual collocation considering to add alloying element simultaneously, namely add the mutual ratio of alloying element.In order to select further doped element, make it give play to the effect improving copper alloy performance better, still need and will much work and effort.
There are some researches show, appropriate mishmetal add the metallographic form generation considerable change that can make alloy, there is new feature in the segregated manner that simultaneously also result in alloy interior element due to the change of phase morphology, is in particular in the concentration difference of each phase and the change of directivity thereof.The change brought by above-mentioned microtexture, enables copper alloy significantly improve the performance of each side.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of high strength rare earth copper doped alloy, use the method obviously can strengthen intensity and the electrical property of copper alloy.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of high strength rare earth copper doped alloy, it is characterized in that: described copper alloy contains the component of following weight per-cent: the Yb of 0.1 ~ 1.0%, the Pr of 0.1 ~ 1.0%, the Cr of 3.0 ~ 4.0%, the Al of 2.0 ~ 5.0%, the Mg of 0.10 ~ 0.30%, the Ag of 0.05 ~ 0.10%, the Ni of 0.001 ~ 0.005%, the Zn of 0.001 ~ 0.005%, the Ti of 0.001 ~ 0.005%, and inevitable impurity, surplus is copper, and described treatment process is made up of molten alloy step, casting step and heat treatment step; Be specially, molten alloy step: adopt electrolytic copper as copper raw material, in melting equipment, add each alloying element by proportioning, make alloy melting become molten state; Casting step: by the alloy of described molten state, slowly pour into a mould, obtains ingot casting; Heat treatment step: after described ingot casting is cooled to room temperature, heating is annealed, air cooling after insulation, then ingot casting is heated tempering, insulation, finally again air cooling to room temperature.
In described reasonable offer step, adopt electrolytic copper as copper raw material, add other alloying element by proportioning, melting equipment is intermediate frequency vacuum induction furnace, and vacuum tightness during melting is 30 ~ 40Pa, and melting top temperature is 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C, smelting time is 10 ~ 30 minutes, makes alloy become molten state.
In described casting step, by the alloy of described molten state, slowly pour into a mould under the centrifugal speed of 300 ~ 350r/min, teeming temperature is 1200 DEG C, is filled with argon gas to 0.5MPa during cast in described melting equipment, obtains ingot casting.
In described heat treatment step, after described ingot casting is cooled to room temperature, is heated to 800 ~ 850 DEG C and anneals, and be incubated 2 ~ 4 hours, air cooling afterwards, the ingot casting of air cooling to 300 DEG C is reheated to 500 ~ 600 DEG C of tempering, and be incubated 1 ~ 2 hour, finally again air cooling to room temperature.
After described heat treatment step obtain copper alloy products room temperature tensile strength be 600 ~ 800MPa, unit elongation is 8 ~ 10%, and electric conductivity is 85 ~ 90% IACS.
Advantage of the present invention is: by selection and the interpolation of rare earth element, make copper alloy after doping through Overheating Treatment, obvious improvement also improves the tensile strength of alloy, unit elongation and electric conductivity, and high-strength, the height that obtain demand are in the market led, the high property copper alloy of low cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and comparative example, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1:
The copper alloy adopted contains the component of following weight per-cent: the Yb of 0.5%, the Pr of 0.8%, the Cr of 4.0%, the Al of 5.0%, the Mg of 0.10%, the Ag of 0.08%, the Ni of 0.001%, the Zn of 0.001%, the Ti of 0.005%, and inevitable impurity, and surplus is copper.First, adopt electrolytic copper as copper raw material, in melting equipment, add each alloying element by proportioning, melting equipment is intermediate frequency vacuum induction furnace, and vacuum tightness during melting is 30Pa, and melting top temperature is 1300 DEG C, and smelting time is 10 minutes, makes alloy become molten state.By the alloy of described molten state, slowly pour into a mould under the centrifugal speed of 300r/min, teeming temperature is 1200 DEG C, is filled with argon gas to 0.5MPa during cast in described melting equipment, obtains ingot casting.Then, after described ingot casting is cooled to room temperature, be heated to 800 DEG C to anneal, and be incubated 4 hours, air cooling afterwards, the ingot casting of air cooling to 300 DEG C is reheated to 550 DEG C of tempering, and be incubated 2 hours, last air cooling again to room temperature obtain copper alloy products room temperature tensile strength be 600MPa, unit elongation is 10%, and electric conductivity is 85% IACS.
Embodiment 2:
The copper alloy adopted contains the component of following weight per-cent: the Yb of 0.8%, the Pr of 1.0%, the Cr of 3.5%, the Al of 3.0%, the Mg of 0.30%, the Ag of 0.05%, the Ni of 0.005%, the Zn of 0.005%, the Ti of 0.005%, and inevitable impurity, and surplus is copper.First, adopt electrolytic copper as copper raw material, in melting equipment, add each alloying element by proportioning, melting equipment is intermediate frequency vacuum induction furnace, and vacuum tightness during melting is 35Pa, and melting top temperature is 1200 DEG C, and smelting time is 15 minutes, makes alloy become molten state.By the alloy of described molten state, slowly pour into a mould under the centrifugal speed of 350r/min, teeming temperature is 1200 DEG C, is filled with argon gas to 0.5MPa during cast in described melting equipment, obtains ingot casting.Then, after described ingot casting is cooled to room temperature, be heated to 850 DEG C to anneal, and be incubated 3 hours, air cooling afterwards, the ingot casting of air cooling to 300 DEG C is reheated to 600 DEG C of tempering, and be incubated 1 hour, last air cooling again to room temperature obtain copper alloy products room temperature tensile strength be 700MPa, unit elongation is 10%, and electric conductivity is 90% IACS.
Embodiment 3:
The copper alloy adopted contains the component of following weight per-cent: the Yb of 1.0%, the Pr of 1.0%, the Cr of 3.0%, the Al of 2.0%, the Mg of 0.20%, the Ag of 0.10%, the Ni of 0.001%, the Zn of 0.005%, the Ti of 0.001%, and inevitable impurity, and surplus is copper.First, adopt electrolytic copper as copper raw material, in melting equipment, add each alloying element by proportioning, melting equipment is intermediate frequency vacuum induction furnace, and vacuum tightness during melting is 40Pa, and melting top temperature is 1100 DEG C, and smelting time is 30 minutes, makes alloy become molten state.By the alloy of described molten state, slowly pour into a mould under the centrifugal speed of 350r/min, teeming temperature is 1200 DEG C, is filled with argon gas to 0.5MPa during cast in described melting equipment, obtains ingot casting.Then, after described ingot casting is cooled to room temperature, be heated to 850 DEG C to anneal, and be incubated 2 hours, air cooling afterwards, the ingot casting of air cooling to 300 DEG C is reheated to 500 DEG C of tempering, and be incubated 1 hour, last air cooling again to room temperature obtain copper alloy products room temperature tensile strength be 800MPa, unit elongation is 8%, and electric conductivity is 90% IACS.
Comparative example 1:
To be undoped rare earth element y b and Pr, the copper alloy that other constituent contents are identical with embodiment 1, and after adopting same melting, casting and heat treatment step preparation, the room temperature tensile strength of the copper alloy products obtained is only 400MPa, and electric conductivity is 60%IACS.
Comparative example 2:
By copper alloy identical with embodiment 1 with content for elemental composition, adopt same melting and casting step, but change heat treatment process, no longer carry out tempering after annealing, or change annealing and tempering temperature, the room temperature tensile strength of then obtained copper alloy products only has 400 ~ 500MPa equally, and electric conductivity is 50 ~ 70%.
As can be seen from embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1 and 2, by utilizing the preparation method according to a kind of high strength rare earth copper doped alloy of the embodiment of the present invention, select specific rare earth element y b and Pr and strict its content of control, in conjunction with thermal treatment process step and parameter, obvious improvement also improves the tensile strength of alloy, unit elongation and electric conductivity, and high-strength, the height that obtain demand are in the market led, the high property copper alloy of low cost.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments when not departing from principle of the present invention and aim, scope of the present invention is by claim and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a high strength rare earth copper doped alloy, it is characterized in that: described copper alloy contains the component of following weight per-cent: the Yb of 0.1 ~ 1.0 %, the Pr of 0.1 ~ 1.0 %, the Cr of 3.0 ~ 4.0 %, the Al of 2.0 ~ 5.0 %, the Mg of 0.10 ~ 0.30 %, the Ag of 0.05 ~ 0.10 %, the Ni of 0.001 ~ 0.005 %, the Zn of 0.001 ~ 0.005 %, the Ti of 0.001 ~ 0.005%, and inevitable impurity, surplus is copper, and described preparation method is made up of molten alloy step, casting step and heat treatment step; Be specially,
Molten alloy step: adopt electrolytic copper as copper raw material, add each alloying element by proportioning, described melting equipment is intermediate frequency vacuum induction furnace, vacuum tightness during melting is 30 ~ 40Pa, melting top temperature is 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C, and smelting time is 10 ~ 30 minutes, makes alloy become molten state;
Casting step: by the alloy of described molten state, slowly pour into a mould under the centrifugal speed of 300 ~ 350r/min, teeming temperature is 1200 DEG C, is filled with argon gas to 0.5MPa during cast in described melting equipment, obtains ingot casting;
Heat treatment step: after described ingot casting is cooled to room temperature, is heated to 800 ~ 850 DEG C and anneals, and be incubated 2 ~ 4 hours, air cooling afterwards, the ingot casting of air cooling to 300 DEG C is reheated to 500 ~ 600 DEG C of tempering, and is incubated 1 ~ 2 hour, finally again air cooling to room temperature.
2. the preparation method of a kind of high strength rare earth copper doped alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: after described heat treatment step, obtain copper alloy products room temperature tensile strength be 600 ~ 800MPa, unit elongation is 8 ~ 10%, and electric conductivity is 85 ~ 90% IACS.
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Effective date of registration: 20160819 Address after: 334100 crystal Road, Shangrao economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangxi Patentee after: Jiangxi Bo Shangrao wire Co. Ltd Address before: Luqiao Jinqing Dapu village Taizhou city Zhejiang province 318050 gold Zhugang No. 49 Patentee before: Jiang Rong |