CN103525693B - High-yielding biogas fermenting device and production method of biogas waste fertilizer rich in selenium - Google Patents
High-yielding biogas fermenting device and production method of biogas waste fertilizer rich in selenium Download PDFInfo
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of application of rural biogas and production of biogas fertilizer, and provides a high-yielding biogas fermenting device and a production method of biogas waste fertilizer rich in selenium. The high-yielding biogas fermenting device and the production method of the biogas waste fertilizer rich in selenium change the current situations that the production of rural biogas at present is limited by seasons and biogas output is largely reduced due to low temperature in winter, and overcome the defect of low utilization rate of the fertilizer caused by incorrect use of the biogas fertilizer. Heating and heat preservation are carried out on a biogas digester in winter through a toroidal heat-retaining pool arranged at the periphery of the biogas digester, so that the biogas yield of the biogas digester is improved in low-temperature seasons, microelements such as selenium, zinc and iron are added into fermenting biogas liquid to improve the biogas yield of the biogas, and meanwhile biogas slurry and biogas mud rich in selenium are produced. The biogas slurry rich in selenium is used for sprinkling irrigation of crops, and the biogas mud rich in selenium is used for producing organic fertilizer rich in selenium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to production and use of marsh gas application and biogas technical field of fertilizer production, the present situation be subject to seasonal restrictions is produced for the current production and use of marsh gas, winter low temperature causes biogas output and greatly declines, the improper use of biogas fertilizer causes the low defect of utilization rate of fertilizer, is specifically related to a kind of high yield biogas fermentation device and rich selenium biogas manure production method.
Background technology
It is the most effectual way that China solves rural energy problem and fertilizer problem that biogas is promoted.But still there is a lot of bottleneck in current China production and use of marsh gas technology.One of its most important bottleneck is exactly: every winter, and temperature is low, and methane-generating pit fermentation slowly, gas production rate declines greatly, even be not enough to maintain normal biogas use, this makes a lot of peasant household to be unwilling construction methane generating pit, is also the one of the main reasons that biogas is difficult to promote; In addition, due to rural area large-scale popularization biogas, annual season in spring and summer autumn three produces a large amount of methane liquids and cripple, and it makes full use of also is the important matching construction that biogas is promoted.Four seasons of methane-generating pit stablize aerogenesis and natural pond liquid, the scientific utilization of cripple is that biogas is promoted and the basis of scientific development smoothly.
Summary of the invention
Time low for the winter temperature existed in existing biogas production, methane-generating pit fermentation slowly, the problem that gas production rate is low.
First object of the present invention there are provided a kind of high yield biogas fermentation device.
Second object of the present invention there are provided a kind of method utilizing said apparatus to produce rich selenium biogas manure.
Inventive concept of the present invention is: carry out heating and thermal insulation to improve the biogas output of methane-generating pit in winter to methane-generating pit in the winter time by the thermal insulation pool being arranged at methane-generating pit periphery, and by adding the trace elements such as selenium, zinc, iron to improve biogas output in fermentation biogas liquid, produce rich selenium natural pond liquid and cripple simultaneously.Rich selenium natural pond liquid is used as crops sprinkling irrigation, and rich selenium cripple is for the production of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer.
In order to realize first object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of high yield biogas fermentation device, comprise methane-generating pit, it is characterized in that: the side of described methane-generating pit is provided with filtering basin, filtering basin are concordant with bottom methane-generating pit, the interior dimensions of filtering basin is: 1-2 rice is long, 0.5-1 rice is wide, 8-9 rice is dark, the top of filtering basin exceeds methane-generating pit liquid level 10-30 centimetre, the below of methane-generating pit is provided with higher than the position of cripple upper surface the circular open that a diameter is 20-30 centimetre, described circular open is connected with the side of filtering basin, and described circular open place is provided with methane-generating pit opening valve, enters filtering basin in order to the natural pond liquid controlling methane-generating pit;
Described filtering basin are inner is longitudinally provided with a filter plate, and the frame of filter plate is seamless to be fixed in the longitudinal socket of filtering basin inwall, and the aperture of filter plate is 0.5-5 millimeter, and filtering basin inwall has two, for changing filter plate for the longitudinal socket of seamless fixing filter plate;
The opposite side bottom opening of described filtering basin is also connected by the lateral opening of pipeline with a settling tank, the lateral opening of described settling tank is arranged at 1/3rd At The Heights of settling tank, the connecting pipe that described filtering basin lead to settling tank is disposed with valve and the first high-pressure pump, described valve is used for the circulation of controlled filter natural pond liquid, and described first high-pressure pump plays the effect that natural pond liquid is filtered in pumping.
The ullage of described settling tank is provided with rainer, and rainer includes the second high-pressure pump and Spray-irrigation interface;
Described methane-generating pit periphery arranges the thermal insulation pool of an annular, methane-generating pit is positioned at the centre of thermal insulation pool, the top of thermal insulation pool is positioned at 2/3rds At The Heights of methane-generating pit, distance between this thermal insulation pool inwall and methane-generating pit outer wall is 1.5-3.0 rice, distance between the bottom inside of this thermal insulation pool and the bottom outer wall of methane-generating pit is at least 2 meters, the side-wall material of described methane-generating pit to be the thickness of reinforced concrete casting the be dividing plate of 3-10 centimetre, by this dividing plate transferring heat between thermal insulation pool and methane-generating pit; In casting design, be cast with a reinforcing bar pillar as dividing plate skeleton every 1 meter of width in this dividing plate and reinforce methane-generating pit, bottom methane-generating pit, have the passive methane-generating pit pillar of 3-6 root;
The side of described thermal insulation pool and the bottom construction two-layer wall all for being made up of interior wall and exterior wall, it is the gap of 30-50 centimetre wide between interior wall and exterior wall, be full of thermal insulation material (expanded plastic or other thermal insulation materials) in this gap, form thermal insulating warm-keeping layer, as the use of heat-insulation and heat-preservation.
In order to realize second object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Utilize said apparatus to produce a method for rich selenium biogas manure, it is characterized in that:
(1) when spring, daily maximum temperature was stabilized in more than 20 DEG C, the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed is added methane-generating pit, when to methane-generating pit injected clear water, in methane-generating pit, add water soluble selenium salt, water-soluble zinc salt and water-soluble molysite to final quality concentration is: water soluble selenium salt 10-20ppm, water-soluble zinc salt 10-20ppm and water-soluble molysite 20-40ppm, the mass ratio of the water soluble selenium salt added, water-soluble zinc salt and water-soluble molysite is 1:1:2, then conveniently biogas fermentation technical finesse.
(2) daily maximum temperature is stable in the fall when dropping to 20-25 DEG C, can be fermented the organic matter (crop material of farm manure or chopping or other) of heat production, open fire is drained after spending the night with clear water infiltration, then transfer in thermal insulation pool and pile up around methane-generating pit, accumulating amount is not less than the space of thermal insulation pool 2/3 (except leaving artificial aisle, pile up) as far as possible, sealing thermal insulation pond, give free rein to fermentation, about the crop material of farm manure or chopping in about one month thermal insulation pool or the organic matter fermentation of other heat production of can fermenting produce a large amount of heats, this heat distributes and heats to the natural pond liquid in methane-generating pit in thermal insulation pool,
(3) spring daily maximum temperature stable go back up to 20-25 DEG C time, farm manure in thermal insulation pool or crop material become thoroughly decomposed all substantially, now clear out the cripple in methane-generating pit and natural pond liquid, then the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed of thermal insulation pool is transferred to methane-generating pit and add water soluble selenium salt, water-soluble zinc salt and water-soluble molysite according to the method for (1) and carry out biogas fermentation;
Described water soluble selenium salt is Sodium Selenite or sodium selenate;
Described water-soluble zinc salt is zinc sulfate, zinc chloride or zinc carbonate;
Described water-soluble molysite is ferrous sulfate or iron protochloride or iron(ic) chloride.
When natural pond liquid cleared up by described methane-generating pit before reloading, natural pond liquid is filtered and is stored in settling tank, obtain rich selenium natural pond liquid to spray for crops, a small amount of thin cripple that cripple bottom the methane-generating pit cleaned out when methane-generating pit reloads and settling tank bottom settlings go out is pulverized after can dewatering respectively, and with agricultural water-loss reducer according to 10/1 ~ 1/1 mass ratio mix and make granular selenium-enriched organic fertilizer.
Above 3 technology about rich selenium biogas fermentation also can need flexible Application according to different areas and user thereof, such as thermal insulation pool can be used to heat lower spring in whole winter and temperature, at northern area, can in the spring, autumn, season in winter three all uses thermal insulation pool to heat, but all can not depart from core technology of the present invention: (1) is by dropping into the organic matter of farm manure or crop material or other heat production of can fermenting and making it fermentation generation heat in thermal insulation pool to thermal insulation pool, then thermal insulation pool is utilized to heat methane-generating pit, to maintain the heat needed for production of methane tank biogas, thus ensure methane-generating pit normal gas producing, (2) before methane-generating pit carries out biogas fermentation, dropping into water soluble selenium salt, water-soluble zinc salt and water-soluble molysite to final quality concentration is: water soluble selenium salt 10-20ppm, water-soluble zinc salt 10-20ppm and water-soluble molysite 20-40ppm, the mass ratio of the water soluble selenium salt added, water-soluble zinc salt and water-soluble molysite is preferably 1:1:2, and the kind of the fertilizer that these three kinds of water-soluble salts and quality ratio thereof also can use according to biogas fermentation is different and adjust to some extent.
The present invention, compared with existing biogas technology, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, zinc-iron selenium inorganic elements is added in the liquid of natural pond, improve methagen and decompose organic vigor, and do not add compared with selenium zinc-iron salt, the output more than 30% of biogas can be improved.
2, methane-generating pit periphery has added the thermal insulation pool of heating and thermal insulation effect, guarantees that methane-generating pit can maintain stable temperature in the winter time, thus maintains the stable rate of biogas in the winter time.
3, utilize methagen that inorganic selenium is changed into organoselenium, obtain the lasting rich selenium natural pond liquid fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency and cripple fertilizer, produce meticulous organic selenium fertilizer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of a kind of high yield biogas fermentation device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the two dimensional structure schematic diagram of a kind of high yield biogas fermentation device of the present invention.
The description of reference numerals of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is as follows: 1-methane outlet, 2-methane-generating pit vault, 2-1-dividing plate, 3-natural pond liquid, 4-cripple, 5-filtering basin, 6-filter plate, 7-thermal insulation pool, 7-1-thermal insulating warm-keeping layer, 8-settling tank, 9-filters natural pond liquid, 10-second high-pressure pump, 11-Spray-irrigation interface, 12-valve, 12-1-first high-pressure pump, 13-methane-generating pit opening valve, 14-methane-generating pit pillar, the crop material of 15-farm manure or chopping or other organic matters, 16-dividing plate skeleton.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail apparatus and method of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, not quite clear part is shown in summary of the invention part.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of high yield biogas fermentation device, comprise methane-generating pit, the side of methane-generating pit is provided with filtering basin 5, filtering basin 5 are concordant with bottom methane-generating pit, the interior dimensions of filtering basin 5 is: 1.5 meters long, 0.8 meter wide, 8 meters dark, the top of filtering basin 5 exceeds methane-generating pit liquid level 10-30 centimetre, the below of methane-generating pit is provided with higher than the position of cripple 4 upper surface the circular open that a diameter is 25 centimetres, described circular open is connected with the side of filtering basin 5, and the circular open place of described methane-generating pit is provided with methane-generating pit opening valve 13, enters filtering basin 5 in order to the natural pond liquid controlling methane-generating pit;
Filtering basin 5 are inner is longitudinally provided with a plastic filter plate 6, filter plate 6 faces above-mentioned circular open, the frame of filter plate 6 is seamless to be fixed in the longitudinal socket of filtering basin 5 inwall, the aperture of filter plate 6 is 3 millimeters, filtering basin 5 inwall there are two, for changing filter plate for the longitudinal socket of seamless fixing filter plate 6;
The opposite side bottom opening of filtering basin 5 is also connected by the lateral opening of pipeline with a settling tank 8, the lateral opening of described settling tank is arranged at 1/3rd At The Heights of settling tank, the connecting pipe that filtering basin 5 lead to settling tank 8 is disposed with valve 12 and the first high-pressure pump 12-1, described valve 12 is for the circulation of controlled filter natural pond liquid, and described first high-pressure pump 12-1 plays the effect that natural pond liquid is filtered in pumping.
The ullage of described settling tank 8 is provided with rainer, and rainer includes the second high-pressure pump 10 and Spray-irrigation interface 11;
The methane quantity that the present embodiment uses for one family, described methane-generating pit is the main pond producing biogas, and its three-dimensional shape is the cylindrical of improvement, and improvement part is that top is dome-shaped, methane outlet 1 is located at top, the diameter 4 meters of described methane-generating pit, height 11 meters;
Described methane-generating pit periphery arranges the thermal insulation pool 7 of an annular, methane-generating pit is positioned at the centre of thermal insulation pool 7, the top of thermal insulation pool 7 is positioned at 2/3rds At The Heights of methane-generating pit, distance between this thermal insulation pool 7 inwall and methane-generating pit outer wall is 2 meters, distance between the bottom inside of thermal insulation pool 7 and the bottom outer wall of methane-generating pit is 5 meters, the side-wall material of described methane-generating pit to be the thickness of reinforced concrete casting the be dividing plate 2-1 of 5 centimetres, by this dividing plate 2-1 transferring heat between thermal insulation pool 7 and methane-generating pit; In casting design, be cast with a reinforcing bar pillar as dividing plate skeleton 16 every 1 meter of width in this dividing plate 2-1 and reinforce methane-generating pit, bottom methane-generating pit, have 4 passive methane-generating pit pillars 14;
The side of described thermal insulation pool 7 and the two-layer wall of bottom construction all for being made up of interior wall and exterior wall, it is the gap of 40 centimetres wide between the interior wall of side and exterior wall, it is the gap of 30 centimetres wide between the interior wall of bottom and exterior wall, all expanded plastic is full of in the gap of side and bottom, form thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 7-1, as the use of heat-insulation and heat-preservation.
Above-mentioned high yield biogas fermentation device is utilized to produce biogas and rich selenium biogas manure:
Daily maximum temperature is stable in the fall when dropping to 20-25 DEG C, in thermal insulation pool 7, drop into farm manure and shred as 2-3 cun of long crop straw spontaneous fermentation, accumulating amount is not less than the space of in thermal insulation pool 2/3, sealing thermal insulation pond 7, in thermal insulation pool 7, farm manure and crop straw fermentation produce a large amount of heats, this heat is used for heating to the natural pond liquid 3 in methane-generating pit, spring, daily maximum temperature was stable when going back up to 20-25 DEG C, clear out the cripple in methane-generating pit and natural pond liquid, again the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed of thermal insulation pool and crop straw are transferred in methane-generating pit and add Sodium Selenite, zinc chloride and ferrous sulfate to final quality concentration are: Sodium Selenite 15ppm, zinc chloride 15ppm and ferrous sulfate 30ppm carries out biogas fermentation, can greatly improve methane tank gas production amount (with do not add compared with selenium zinc-iron salt, biogas output at least improves 30%.), and the rich selenium natural pond liquid of settling tank can be used for crops sprinkling irrigation, mixes can make granular selenium-enriched organic fertilizer after the cripple drying bottom methane-generating pit and settling tank with agricultural water-loss reducer.
Embodiment 2:
This application embodiment is the further practice of embodiment 1, and put into practice Enshi City military outpost township of place Hubei Province, the time is 2010, and methane-generating pit is 100m
3, biogas digested liquor of biogas generating pit volume is 70m
3, methane-generating pit top arcuate space 30m
3for holding the space of biogas.Summer conveniently biogas fermentation method add farm manure to methane-generating pit, the fixing water level that adds water (the top 10-30 centimetre lower than filtering basin 5), methane-generating pit fermentating liquid volume is 70m
3, then in the liquid of natural pond, add 350 grams of Sodium Selenites, 350 grams of zinc chloride and 700 grams of ferrous sulfate.When needing to irrigate crops with natural pond liquid, open methane-generating pit opening valve 13 and valve 12, the natural pond liquid 3 of methane-generating pit is filtered in settling tank 8, and this natural pond liquid is rich in organoselenium, by the second high-pressure pump, rich selenium natural pond liquid pump is delivered to field and sprays to crops; When methane gas producing amount drop to be not enough to maintain use time, need to clear up methane-generating pit, pump natural pond liquid, collect the cripple 4 in methane-generating pit and settling tank, cripple 4 is rich in organoselenium, by dry for the cripple of collecting, pulverize, mix with the mass ratio of agricultural water-loss reducer according to 8:1, be made into rich granules of selenium fertilizer, for the meticulous cultivation of the plants such as vegetables, flowers, fruit tree.
Daily maximum temperature is stable in the fall when dropping to 20-25 DEG C, methane tank gas production amount starts to decline, now the crop straw of farm manure and autumn harvest is shredded, spray the moistening stalk of a small amount of clear water to spend the night, drain (being as the criterion not flow out open fire), then be transferred in thermal insulation pool 7 and pile up, compost is kept tightly to surround methane-generating pit outer wall, accumulating amount is not less than the space of in thermal insulation pool 2/3, and sealing thermal insulation pond, the spontaneous fermentation in thermal insulation pool of farm manure and crop straw, produce a large amount of heats, this heat heats methane-generating pit, methane-generating pit is made still to maintain gas production rate in summer, when going back up to more than 20 DEG C to daily maximum temperature in spring, clean out the organic matter of fermentation maturity in thermal insulation pool 7 and drop into the interior raw material as biogas fermentation of methane-generating pit.
Specific embodiment described in this specification sheets is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (1)
1. utilize high yield biogas fermentation device to produce a method for rich selenium biogas manure, it is characterized in that:
(1) when spring, daily maximum temperature was stabilized in more than 20 DEG C, the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed is added methane-generating pit, when to methane-generating pit injected clear water, in methane-generating pit, add Sodium Selenite, zinc chloride and ferrous sulfate to final quality concentration is: Sodium Selenite 15 ppm, zinc chloride 15 ppm and ferrous sulfate 30 ppm, the mass ratio of the Sodium Selenite added, zinc chloride and ferrous sulfate is 1:1:2, then conveniently biogas fermentation technical finesse;
(2) daily maximum temperature is stable in the fall when dropping to 20-25 DEG C, the organic matter of heat production of can fermenting, with clear water infiltrate spend the night after drain open fire, then transfer in thermal insulation pool and pile up around methane-generating pit, accumulating amount is not less than the space of thermal insulation pool 2/3, sealing thermal insulation pond, gives free rein to fermentation;
(3) spring daily maximum temperature stable go back up to 20-25 DEG C time, clear out the cripple in methane-generating pit and natural pond liquid, then the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed of thermal insulation pool is transferred to methane-generating pit according to (1) method add Sodium Selenite, zinc chloride and ferrous sulfate carry out biogas fermentation;
When natural pond liquid cleared up by described methane-generating pit before reloading, natural pond liquid is filtered and is stored in settling tank, obtain rich selenium natural pond liquid to spray for crops, a small amount of thin cripple that cripple bottom the methane-generating pit cleaned out when methane-generating pit reloads and settling tank bottom settlings go out is pulverized after can dewatering respectively, and with agricultural water-loss reducer according to 10/1 ~ 1/1 mass ratio mix and make granular selenium-enriched organic fertilizer;
Described high yield biogas fermentation device, comprise methane-generating pit, the side of described methane-generating pit is provided with filtering basin, filtering basin are concordant with bottom methane-generating pit, the top of filtering basin exceeds methane-generating pit liquid level 10-30 centimetre, the below of methane-generating pit is provided with higher than the position of cripple upper surface the circular open that a diameter is 20-30 centimetre, and described circular open is connected with the side of filtering basin, and described circular open place is provided with methane-generating pit opening valve;
Described filtering basin are inner is longitudinally provided with a filter plate, and the aperture of filter plate is 0.5-5 millimeter;
The opposite side bottom opening of described filtering basin is also connected by the lateral opening of pipeline with a settling tank, and the connecting pipe that described filtering basin lead to settling tank is disposed with valve and the first high-pressure pump;
The ullage of described settling tank is provided with rainer, and rainer includes the second high-pressure pump and Spray-irrigation interface;
Described methane-generating pit periphery arranges the thermal insulation pool of an annular, methane-generating pit is positioned at the centre of thermal insulation pool, the side of described thermal insulation pool and the bottom construction two-layer wall all for being made up of interior wall and exterior wall, is the gap of 30-50 centimetre wide between interior wall and exterior wall, is full of thermal insulation material in described gap;
The top of described thermal insulation pool is positioned at 2/3rds At The Heights of methane-generating pit, and the distance between described thermal insulation pool inwall and methane-generating pit outer wall is 1.5-3.0 rice, and the distance between the bottom inside of described thermal insulation pool and the bottom outer wall of methane-generating pit is at least 2 meters;
The side-wall material of described methane-generating pit to be the thickness of reinforced concrete casting the be dividing plate of 3-10 centimetre, be cast with a reinforcing bar pillar as dividing plate skeleton every 1 meter of width in described dividing plate and reinforce methane-generating pit, bottom methane-generating pit, have the passive methane-generating pit pillar of 3-6 root;
Described thermal insulation material is expanded plastic.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310526321.0A CN103525693B (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | High-yielding biogas fermenting device and production method of biogas waste fertilizer rich in selenium |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310526321.0A CN103525693B (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | High-yielding biogas fermenting device and production method of biogas waste fertilizer rich in selenium |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103525693A CN103525693A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN103525693B true CN103525693B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN108315254A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-07-24 | 杭州杭氧股份有限公司 | A kind of biomass waste material produces the device of carbon dioxide, methane and bio-feritlizer |
| CN108863475A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-23 | 广西大学 | The method for preparing selenium-enriched liquid organic fertilizer using the waste water and swine excrement in slaughterhouse |
| CN111304064A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-19 | 唐山际宇岩土工程有限公司 | Solar energy and methane combined heat storage system |
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| CN101225006A (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2008-07-23 | 南京农业大学 | Method for preparing zinc-iron-selenium enriched bio-fertilizer and method of use thereof |
| CN101575564A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-11-11 | 刘键 | Methane tank and method for preparing methane |
| CN202465383U (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-10-03 | 孙心 | Device for treating domestic sewage |
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| CN101225006A (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2008-07-23 | 南京农业大学 | Method for preparing zinc-iron-selenium enriched bio-fertilizer and method of use thereof |
| CN101575564A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-11-11 | 刘键 | Methane tank and method for preparing methane |
| CN202465383U (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-10-03 | 孙心 | Device for treating domestic sewage |
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