CN103523980B - Method and system for high-efficiency recovery of high-salinity mine water - Google Patents
Method and system for high-efficiency recovery of high-salinity mine water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and system for high-efficiency recovery of high-salinity mine water. The method comprises the following steps: removing colemanite, bicarbonate radicals and suspended solids by using a high-density clarifying pond to reduce reverse osmosis structure tendency; subjecting concentrated reverse osmosis water to chemical softening pretreatment to remove easily fouling components; and carrying out solid-liquid separation by using a tubular micro-filtration membrane and allowing separated liquid to enter into a concentrated water reverse osmosis unit. According to the invention, the concentrated reverse osmosis water undergoes chemical softening pretreatment to remove the easily fouling components, the tubular micro-filtration membrane is employed for solid-liquid separation, the separated liquid directly enters into the concentrated water reverse osmosis unit without treatment by other filtering units, so operation process flow is simplified, a land occupation area is reduced, designed flux is great, and a good effluent effect is obtained. The tubular micro-filtration membrane used in the invention is different from other micro-filtration or ultra-filtration membranes; the tubular micro-filtration membrane runs in a cross flow mode, water flow tangentially flows through the surface of the membrane at a high speed, thereby realizing scouring and cleaning of the membrane surface while carrying out filtering, and the membrane surface is hardly contaminated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and system of high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water, belong to pit water recovery technology field.
Background technology
Mine drainage needs could meet after treatment use and emission request, and the national standard about pit water discharge has at present: fire-fighting watering water quality standard > > GB50383-2006 under < < coal mine; < < down-hole import coal mining unit water supply standard > > DIN24320; < < coal washing water supply standard > > GB50359-2005; < < water quality standard for industries > > GB/T19923-2005; < < drinking water sanitary standard > > GB6749-2006; < < direct drinking water water quality standard > > CJ94-2005; < < agricultural irrigation water quality standard > > GB5094-92.Specific requirement is: 1) mine water deeply meets the production of certain colliery/coal separating plant, domestic water needs after processing, and saltiness is less than 450mg/L (owner's requirement); 2) meet agricultural irrigation standard saltiness and be less than 1000mg/L; 3) the dense drainage water yield reduces as far as possible, and the maximum evaporative capacity of 1000 mu of evaporation ponds (the double accident blowoff basin of doing) meets dense water needs steam output.
Application number is 200910252607.8 Patent Application Publication " a kind of mine water advanced treatment device for coal mine underground and method ", application number be 201010186893.5 Patent Application Publication a kind of " acid mine water treatment system ", application number be 201110436193.1 Patent Application Publication a kind of " high suspended matter highly-mineralized mine water comprehensive resource treatment technology ", the Patent Application Publication that application number is 201220475686.6 " a kind of two film processing systems for Technique of Coal Mine Drainage "; The people such as Zhong Changming, Wang Zongli has published on network a kind of " research of nutrition composition and heavy metal ion in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration separation pit water ", but such scheme exists following shortcoming:
1. all there is dense water to arrange outward, thereby caused environmental pollution;
2. the resource rate of waste water is low, thereby follow-up water displacement is large, and dense water treatment scale is large;
3. cannot remove carbonate hardness and colloid, and technical process is comparatively complicated simultaneously;
4. in Waste water concentrating process, adopt steam (or voltage contracting) evaporation technology, energy consumption is higher;
The technique of 5. carrying out solid-liquid separation and subsequent disposal is: first chemical dosing makes calcium ions and magnesium ions and part silicon produce sedimentation; Secondly, with settling tank, do solid-liquid separation, settling tank supernatant liquor is cooked pre-filtering with more medium filter and is processed; In liquid after pre-filtering is processed, add tubular fibre and do further turbidity removal processing; Finally enter recovery reverse osmosis system, it produces water and gets back in host system.Above-mentioned treatment process not only technical process is long, and investment is large, and floor space is large, and running cost is high, thereby has limited the development in reverse osmosis concentrated water recovery market.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of method and system of high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water are provided, it can effectively solve problems of the prior art, while especially carrying out solid-liquid separation and subsequent disposal, technical process is long, investment is large, and floor space is large, the problem that running cost is high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: first, adopt that high dense settling pond removes that calcium in water is hard, bicarbonate radical and suspended substance, reduce reverse osmosis structure tendency; Secondly, reverse osmosis concentrated water is carried out to the softening pre-treatment of chemical dosing, remove easy fouling composition; Adopt tube type filter membrance to carry out solid-liquid separation, the liquid after separation enters dense water reverse osmosis units.
Specifically, comprise the following steps:
A. adopting surface load is 0.5m/m
2the equalizing tank of h precipitates the suspended substance in supersalinity pit water, removes the easily heavy solid in water;
B. in high dense settling pond, add bodied ferric sulfate and white lime, make the pit water of removing easily heavy solid carry out flocculation reaction and chemical precipitation, remove that calcium in water is hard, bicarbonate radical and suspended substance, reduce reverse osmosis structure tendency; Adopt change hole filtering pool to filter pit water, reduce suspended substance and colloid;
C. net formula self-cleaning filter adopts the suspended substance in 100um stainless steel graticule mesh interception pit water, adopts macromolecular substance and microorganism in immersion ultrafiltration system filtering pit water;
D. reverse osmosis unit further carries out pre-desalting treatment, discharges reverse osmosis concentrated water;
E. reverse osmosis concentrated water is carried out to the softening pre-treatment of chemical dosing, remove easy fouling composition; And adopting tube type filter membrance to carry out solid-liquid separation, the liquid after separation enters dense water reverse osmosis units again;
F., after dense water reverse osmosis units and disc-type reverse osmosis system further concentrate pit water, enter evaporation pond.
The nominal output of the high dense settling pond described in abovementioned steps b is 900m
3/ h, disengaging zone upflow velocity is 10～20m/h; The filter nominal output of described change hole filtering pool is 280m
3/ h, filtration velocity is 14m/h, and be 24h working time, and water backwash rate is 15.8L/sm
2, gas flushing intensity is 15.8L/sm
2.
The flow of the net formula self-cleaning filter described in abovementioned steps c is 300m
3/ h, filtering accuracy is 100um, material is 316L; Described immersion ultrafiltration system utilizes cross flow filter principle, clean filter membrane surface when filtering former water.
The membrane module model of the immersion ultrafiltration system described in the present invention is UHS-620A, and filtering direction is for from outside to inside, and membrane material is PVDF, and film silk aperture is 0.1um.
The arrangement mode of the reverse osmosis unit described in abovementioned steps d is 20:10, and membrane element adopts the anti-loaded permeable membrane BW30-400/34i of seven cores.
Tube type filter membrance described in abovementioned steps e adopts cross-flow mode to move, and cross-flow flow velocity is more than or equal to 3.5m/s; Filtering accuracy is 0.1um.
Preferably, the softening pre-treatment of the chemical dosing described in step e and carry out solid-liquid separation and comprise the following steps:
E1. reverse osmosis concentrated water enters after reactive tank 1, adds sodium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide in reactive tank 1, and stirring reaction is more than 15 minutes, and the pH value of controlling water is 11.8; After reaction, reverse osmosis concentrated water flows in reactive tank 2;
E2. in reactive tank 2, add sodium carbonate solution, stirring reaction is more than 15 minutes, and the pH value of controlling water is 10.5; After reaction, reverse osmosis concentrated water overflows in the thickener of tube type filter membrance system;
E3. adopt recycle pump that reverse osmosis concentrated water is transported to tube type filter membrance and carry out solid-liquid separation.
Realize the system of the high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water of preceding method, comprise the equalizing tank, high dense settling pond, change hole filtering pool, net formula self-cleaning filter, immersion ultrafiltration system, reverse osmosis unit, hardness silicon removal reactor, tube type filter membrance, dense water reverse osmosis units, disc-type reverse osmosis system and the evaporation pond that connect in turn.
Described reverse osmosis unit comprises cartridge filter, high-pressure pump and reverse osmosis system.
Preferably, also comprise: promote water pump, clean water basin, ultrafiltration intake pump, ultrafiltration product water tank, feed water by reverse osmosis pump and body refuse dewatering system, promoting water pump is connected with high dense settling pond with equalizing tank respectively, clean water basin are connected with ultrafiltration intake pump with change hole filtering pool respectively, ultrafiltration intake pump is connected with net formula self-cleaning filter, ultrafiltration is produced water tank and is connected with feed water by reverse osmosis pump with immersion ultrafiltration system respectively, feed water by reverse osmosis pump is connected with reverse osmosis unit, and body refuse dewatering system is connected with tube type filter membrance.
Compared with prior art, the present invention, by reverse osmosis concentrated water being carried out to the softening pre-treatment of chemical dosing, removes easy fouling composition; Adopt tube type filter membrance to carry out solid-liquid separation, liquid after separation directly enters dense water reverse osmosis units and without carrying out other filtering unit processing, thereby has simplified operation process flow process, has reduced floor space, the design flux of this treatment process is large simultaneously, and outlet effect is good; And tube type filter membrance of the present invention is different from other micro-filtrations or ultra-filtration membrane, its adopts cross-flow mode to move, and the tangential high speed flow of current is crossed film surface, the effect of washing away in addition cleaning film surface when filtering, and pollutent is difficult for accumulation, and face is difficult for polluting; And also anhydrous loss when operation and recoil, therefore almost can obtain 100% the rate of recovery; The mud cake that supporting body refuse dewatering system produces is also only taken away the moisture of minute quantity, after that is to say that nearly all water inlet will be filtered by tube type filter membrance, is sent to reverse osmosis units.In addition, therefore tube type filter membrance can bear very high sludge concentration (2%～5%) and very high pH value (work that also can be normally stable under the condition that is 14 at pH), more can guarantee effectively to remove the ion component that calcium magnesium silicon precipitation and strontium, barium etc. have fouling tendency.In addition, tube type filter membrance of the present invention is compared to other micro-filtrations or hyperfiltration membrane assembly, also have that intensity is good, rub resistance, resisting high-concentration medicament clean, can steady running under high suspended sediment concentration, can tolerate the premium propertiess such as influent quality fluctuation; Meanwhile, tube type filter membrance of the present invention is applicable to filtering high turbidity (50g/L) feed liquid close with pollutent particle diameter; Adopt firm tubular structure and sintering process film forming, the generation of having stopped fracture of wire leakage phenomenon from principle.Secondly, pit water recovery method of the present invention does not have dense water to arrange outward, can not cause secondary pollution, and sodium sulfate that can recycling through the final generation of evaporation pond; Again, system of the present invention is higher to the concentrating degree of dense water, and system recoveries rate is high, and (or the voltage contracting) evaporation technology that do not adopt steam in concentration process, thereby has saved greatly energy consumption; According to mass data statistics, show, adopt after recovery method of the present invention and system, system recoveries rate is up to 97.5%.In addition, the dense hydromining spontaneous evaporation of the present invention to terminal, utilizes natural resources without additional energy consumption, and evaporation pond can also be as accident draining, thereby a pool is multiplex.Finally, the present invention adopts high dense settling pond and becomes a set of technique of hole filtering pool and solved the problem of simultaneously removing carbonate hardness and colloid, and a technical process is dual-purpose, thereby has simplified on the whole the recovery process flow process of pit water.
Contriver has also carried out investigation, research to the filtering accuracy of tube type filter membrance, when filtering accuracy is 0.1～0.5 μ m, pre-treatment as reverse osmosis, thereby simplification of flowsheet greatly, minimizing system floor space, improve the rate of recovery of reverse osmosis system, effectively extend the work-ing life of reverse osmosis system simultaneously; Especially when filtering accuracy is 0.1 μ m, effect is best, produces water turbidity <1NTU simultaneously, can effectively protect reverse osmosis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram of a kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is dish tubular membrane component runner schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is DT film bag and flow guiding disc;
Fig. 5 is DTRO process flow sheet;
Fig. 6 is evaporation pond plot plan.
Reference numeral: 1-equalizing tank, 2-high dense settling pond, 3-becomes hole filtering pool, 4-net formula self-cleaning filter, 5-immersion ultrafiltration system, 6-reverse osmosis unit, 7-hardness silicon is removed reactor, 8-tube type filter membrance, the dense water reverse osmosis units of 9-, 10-disc-type reverse osmosis system, 11-evaporation pond, 12-promotes water pump, 13-clean water basin, 14-ultrafiltration intake pump, water tank is produced in 15-ultrafiltration, 16-feed water by reverse osmosis pump, 17-body refuse dewatering system, 18-cartridge filter, 19-high-pressure pump, 20-reverse osmosis system, 21-does salt pond, 22-crystallizing pond, 23-evaporation tank, 24-cache pool, 25-diaphragm, the thread support of 26-, 27-flow guiding disc.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention: a kind of method of high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water, as shown in Figure 2, comprises the following steps:
A. adopting surface load is 0.5m/m
2the equalizing tank of h precipitates the suspended substance in supersalinity pit water, removes the easily heavy solid in water;
B. in high dense settling pond, add bodied ferric sulfate and white lime, make the pit water of removing easily heavy solid carry out flocculation reaction and chemical precipitation, remove that calcium in water is hard, bicarbonate radical and suspended substance, reduce reverse osmosis structure tendency; Adopt change hole filtering pool to filter pit water, reduce suspended substance and colloid;
C. net formula self-cleaning filter adopts the suspended substance in 100um stainless steel graticule mesh interception pit water, adopts macromolecular substance and microorganism in immersion ultrafiltration system filtering pit water;
D. reverse osmosis unit further carries out pre-desalting treatment, discharges reverse osmosis concentrated water;
E. reverse osmosis concentrated water is carried out to the softening pre-treatment of chemical dosing, remove easy fouling composition; And adopting tube type filter membrance to carry out solid-liquid separation, the liquid after separation enters dense water reverse osmosis units again; Wherein, the softening pre-treatment of described chemical dosing and carry out solid-liquid separation and comprise the following steps:
E1. reverse osmosis concentrated water enters after reactive tank 1, adds sodium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide in reactive tank 1, and stirring reaction is more than 15 minutes, and the pH value of controlling water is 11.8; After reaction, reverse osmosis concentrated water flows in reactive tank 2;
E2. in reactive tank 2, add sodium carbonate solution, stirring reaction is more than 15 minutes, and the pH value of controlling water is 10.5; After reaction, reverse osmosis concentrated water overflows in the thickener of tube type filter membrance system;
E3. adopt recycle pump that reverse osmosis concentrated water is transported to tube type filter membrance and carry out solid-liquid separation;
F., after dense water reverse osmosis units and disc-type reverse osmosis system further concentrate pit water, enter evaporation pond.
The nominal output of the high dense settling pond described in step b is 900m
3/ h, disengaging zone upflow velocity is 10～20m/h; The filter nominal output of described change hole filtering pool is 280m
3/ h, filtration velocity is 14m/h, and be 24h working time, and water backwash rate is 15.8L/sm
2, gas flushing intensity is 15.8L/sm
2.
The flow of the net formula self-cleaning filter described in step c is 300m
3/ h, filtering accuracy is 100um, material is 316L; Described immersion ultrafiltration system utilizes cross flow filter principle, clean filter membrane surface when filtering former water.
The membrane module model of described immersion ultrafiltration system is UHS-620A, and filtering direction is for from outside to inside, and membrane material is PVDF, and film silk aperture is 0.1um.
The arrangement mode of the reverse osmosis unit described in steps d is 20:10, and membrane element adopts the anti-loaded permeable membrane BW30-400/34i of seven cores.
Tube type filter membrance described in step e adopts cross-flow mode to move, and cross-flow flow velocity is more than or equal to 3.5m/s; Filtering accuracy is 0.1um.
Realize the system of the high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water of aforesaid method, as shown in Figure 1, comprise equalizing tank 1, high dense settling pond 2, change hole filtering pool 3, net formula self-cleaning filter 4, immersion ultrafiltration system 5, reverse osmosis unit 6, hardness silicon removal reactor 7, tube type filter membrance 8, dense water reverse osmosis units 9, disc-type reverse osmosis system 10 and the evaporation pond 11 connecting in turn.Described reverse osmosis unit 6 comprises cartridge filter 18, high-pressure pump 19 and reverse osmosis system 20.
Also comprise: promote water pump 12, clean water basin 13, ultrafiltration intake pump 14, ultrafiltration product water tank 15, feed water by reverse osmosis pump 16 and body refuse dewatering system 17, promoting water pump 12 is connected with high dense settling pond 2 with equalizing tank 1 respectively, clean water basin 13 are connected with ultrafiltration intake pump 14 with change hole filtering pool 3 respectively, ultrafiltration intake pump 14 is connected with net formula self-cleaning filter 4, ultrafiltration is produced water tank 15 and is connected with feed water by reverse osmosis pump 16 with immersion ultrafiltration system 5 respectively, feed water by reverse osmosis pump 16 is connected with reverse osmosis unit 6, and body refuse dewatering system 17 is connected with tube type filter membrance 8.
Example explanation: certain colliery, produce 1000 ten thousand tons per year, on October 1st, 2010 puts into operation, plans to go into operation in by the end of June, 2013.In February, 2012, first phase shaft of vertical well is bottomed see coal after water yield increase, much larger than field with "nine squares", scrutinize the normal 570m of address prediction
3/ h, maximum 860m
3/ h.Approached at present 900m
3/ h, and along with coal seam discloses the trend still have continuous increase, through water quality test belonged to concentrated water, hardness is large, indices is much larger than environmental emission standard.The normal water burst in colliery is 2100m
3/ h, maximum flooding quantity 3000m
3/ h, considers the upper and lower draining of well and engineering of water treatment design as a whole, builds mine water deeply treatment plant.
One, influent quality analysis (water water quality table)
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Water quality analysis:
1) carry out water quality stabilizing, saltiness 2600～3300mg/L, hardness higher alkalisation is low: (YD=800.7mg/L, JD=117.6mg/L; YD=800.7mg/L, JD=112.6mg/L; YD=1088mg/L, JD=95.1mg/L);
2) water saltiness 2600～3300mg/L is medium saltiness brackish water scope, the activated silica ion 23mg/L left and right in water, the high 1700～2100mg/L of sulfate radical content.
Two, adopt efficient recycling method of the present invention and system to process, wherein, the technical parameter of equipment is:
1, utilize high dense settling pond and become part basicity, carbonate hardness and less suspended substance and the colloid in hole filtering pool removal water.Concrete, utilize the patented technology (patent No.: ZL200710099969.9) process, add bodied ferric sulfate and white lime, carry out flocculation reaction and chemical precipitation, reduce turbidity and fouling tendency in water, reduce carbonate hardness and basicity in water.After lime treatment, the heavy metal ion such as the manganese in water, iron all, with BS precipitation, can not cause follow-up pollution problem, and concrete reaction principle is:
Ca(HCO
3)
2+Ca(OH)
2==2CaCO
3↓+2H2O
Mg(HCO
3)
2+2Ca(OH)
2==2CaCO
3↓+2H
2O+Mg(OH)
2↓
Fe
2(SO
4)
3+3Ca(OH)
2==2Fe(OH)
3↓+3CaSO
4
1.1, high dense settling pond
Quantity: 1
Nominal output: 1200m
3/ h
Maximum output: 1600m
3/ h
Minimum load: 400m
3/ h
Equipment size: 12.6mx12.6m
Disengaging zone upflow velocity 10～20m/h
1.2 become hole filtering pool
Quantity: 5
Filter tank size: 5.5 * 3.82 * 5.25m
Separate unit filter area is 21m
2
Nominal output: 280m
3/ h
Maximum output: 320m
3/ h
Filtration velocity 14m/h
Working time: approximately 24 hours
Water backwash rate: 15.8L/s.m
2
Gas flushing intensity: 15.8L/s.m
2
2, net formula self-cleaning filter and immersion ultrafiltration system
2.1 net formula self-cleaning filters
Quantity: 3
Q=300m3/h
Filtering accuracy: 100um
Material: 316
2.2 immersion ultrafiltration systems (parameter is as shown in table 4), carry out ultrafiltration, further remove the turbidity in water, make to produce water turbidity below 0.2NTU, guarantee that water outlet SDI is less than 3.
Quantity: 7 covers
Single cover is exerted oneself: 300m3/h
Adopt pressure type ultra-filtration membrane
Design flux: 60LMH
Table 4
2.3 ultra-filtration membrane parameters are as shown in table 5:
Table 5
| Sequence number | Structure | Hollow-fibre membrane |
| 1 | Membrane module model | UHS-620A |
| 2 | Filtering direction | From outside to inside |
| 3 | Membrane material | PVDF |
| 4 | System architecture | Immersion |
| 5 | Film silk aperture | 0.1um |
2.4 maintainability matting and restorative matting parameter are as shown in table 6:
Table 6
3. net formula self-cleaning filter
Quantity: 4;
Separate unit flow: Q=750m3/h;
Filtering accuracy: 100um
Material: 316L
4. nanofiltration system
Quantity: 7 covers
Single cover is exerted oneself: produce 240m3/h, water inlet 300m3/h;
The rate of recovery is: 80%
The dense water yield is 420m3/h
Adopt rolling composite membrane
Design flux: be not more than 25LMH
This engineering adopts 26:14, seven core dress NF90-400; 280, single cover, shares 1960 films.According to effluent quality requirement, this engineering adopts nanofiltration membrane system ratio of desalinization to be less than 300mg/L engineering demands for being greater than 90% water outlet saltiness, and adopting the pressure of nanofiltration system is 0.73MPa, adopt reverse osmosis membrane pressure 1.38MPa, nanofiltration system energy consumption 0.37kwh/m
3, reverse osmosis system energy consumption 0.65kwh/m
3, so this engineering adopts nanofiltration desalting system.
5. hardness silicon is removed reactor and tube type filter membrance (as shown in table 7)
Table 7
The water yield is designed to: 420m
3/ hr
Chemistry dosing reaction member: 5 * 84m
3/ hr;
Tubular type micro-filtration unit: 5 * 84m
3/ hr;
Sludge treatment unit: based on 420m
3the waste water total amount of/hr and influent quality are considered.
Sulfate radical in former water water, calcium ion, silicon ion are very high, and after concentrated 5 times, the concentration of calcium sulfate is the solubility product of 6 times, and the dense water silicon ion of nanofiltration is 100mg/L.If will continuing concentrated calcium sulfate and the silicon ion that need to remove in water, follow-up system enters follow-up system.
In water, add sodium hydroxide, soda ash, magnesium hydroxide to react as follows:
Ca(HCO
3)
2+2NaOH==CaCO
3↓+2H
2O+Na
2CO
3
CaSO
4+Na
2CO
3==CaCO
3↓+Na
2SO
4
SiO
2+ 3Mg (OH)
2==3 mistakes! Do not find Reference source.·2SiO
2·2H
2O↓+H
2O
5.1 technical parameter
5.1.1 tubular membrane component
Characteristic parameter
Always hold back area: 408m2
Operation scheme: cross-flow
Design flux: 500～1500L/m
2h(produces water only)
Membrane material: PVDF, PTFE, silicon carbide
Equipment is exerted oneself: the 220m3/hr(180m3/hr of intaking, depart from addition the about 40m3/hr of water, these water reflux)
Maximum operation permeable membrane pressure reduction: 0.2MPa
Maximum intake pressure: 0.4MPa
The highest inflow temperature: 40 degrees Celsius
PH scope: 2～10
Working forms: pressure type
Filtration cycle: 5～30 minutes
Backwash always lasts: 5～30 seconds
5.1.2 maintainability chemically-cleaning device (NaClO)
Quantity: 1 cover
1) matting medicine-chest
Quantity: 3
Volume: every 2.5m3
Material: polypropylene
Size: 1.6m length * 1.6m is wide * and 1.2m is high
Design pressure: normal pressure
Test pressure: full water leakage test
2) matting water pump
Pattern: pneumatic diaphragm pump
Quantity: 2 (1 use 1 is standby)
Flow: 20m3/h
Lift: 20m
Material: PP plastics pump case
6. reverse osmosis unit
6.1 reverse osmosis units are mainly born pre-desalination task, and reverse osmosis unit comprises cartridge filter, high-pressure pump, reverse osmosis system, adds Scale inhibitors device, acid adding device, add NaHSO
3device, high-pressure pump, reverse osmosis membrane assembly, wash-water pump, chemically-cleaning device etc.
(1) cartridge filter: every filter design capacity is 225t/h
RO adds acid, reductive agent NaHSO in supplying water
3with also abundant mixing of Scale inhibitors, and enter cartridge filter after ph table, the detection of ORP table and manual SDI detection water quality are qualified.The shell carbon steel line with rubber of cartridge filter, in-built 5 μ m filter cores.Pressure indicator is established in the import and export of cartridge filter, renew cartridge more when pressure reduction reaches 0.15MPa.For preventing that bacterium from excessively growing on filter core, even if use after three months, pressure reduction does not reach yet renew cartridge more of 0.15MPa.Every cartridge filter outlet fills respectively SDI manual test device.The surperficial filtering velocity of cartridge filter operation filter element should be not more than 10m3/m2h; All inner structural members should be made with stainless steel; Enter on the water pipe of cartridge filter and should establish bleed valve; Cartridge filter filter element is replaceable cassette filter element, when strainer inlet outlet pressure differential is greater than set(ting)value, will change filter stick, and the filtering accuracy of filter stick is 5 μ m.Filter element adopts 3M, PALL or GE product.
(2) high-pressure pump
Reverse osmosis high-pressure pump adopts centrifugal pump of horizontal axis.Guarantee water pump water outlet constant flow, and provide water flow measuring device.The top hole pressure of high-pressure pump is 0.8～1.50MPa.
High-pressure pump outlet fills and electronicly opens the door slowly, vacuum breaker, hand stop valve and tensimeter, in case the water slug of membrane module while being subject to high-pressure pump start and stop.High-pressure pump is exported to all materials such as valve between reverse osmosis import, flange and annex pressure rating is not less than PN2.50MPa, adopts stainless steel.
Sealing means is corrosion-resisting mechanical seal.
The female pipe dress of reverse osmosis high-pressure pump inlet pressure switch transmitter, the low alarm of pressure and termination of pumping, setting pressure transmitter on every cover reverse osmosis unit inlet pipe, the high alarm of pressure and termination of pumping.
(3) RO device
Reverse osmosis unit is divided into 4 covers, every cover 180m that exerts oneself
3/ h, the RO rate of recovery=80%.
Each section of feedwater of RO device and dense water, product water Inlet and outlet water house steward are provided with enough interfaces and valve, are connected with washing unit; On feed water by reverse osmosis pipe, there are reverse osmosis unit stoppage in transit wash-down water interface and valve.
On RO device product water pipe, install rupture disk, reverse checkvalve and shut-off valve.
The dense water out of RO is installed pneumavalve and manual modulation valve, to adjust the rate of recovery of reverse osmosis.
After RO device is inactive, energy time delay auto-flushing, arranges auto-flushing penstock on water inlet manifold.
RO device product water pipe and dense water pipe are established sampling spot, are connected on line analysis instrument, and the quantity of every pressurized vessel sampling spot and position can be diagnosed and the operation conditions of definite system effectively.
RO membrane module is arranged on combined bay, is equipped with whole pipelines and joint on combined bay, also comprises all supports, fastening piece, fixture and other annex.What the design of combined bay should meet factory site antidetonation earthquake intensity 7 degree wants summation component expansion requirement.RO chemical cleaning system and self-stripping system: after reverse osmosis unit is stopped transport, be that follow procedure carries out auto-flushing dense water is cemented out.Flushing flow rate is 225m
3/ h.RO device flow reduce 10% or pressure drop raise 15% time and need RO film to carry out matting so that recover RO membrane element performance, extend work-ing life of RO film, be provided with chemical cleaning system for this reason.Chemical cleaning system is comprised of 1 cleaning water tank, 1 scavenging pump and 1 cartridge filter.When reverse osmosis membrane occurs after dirty blocking up, to its cleaning.Cleaning system pipeline adopts plastics lined pipe to connect.The medicament that matting adopts is determined with reference to the service manual of film or together with supplier's joint research according to the dirt of the film situation of blocking up.Maximum cleaning flow is 225m
3/ h.
The operation condition of reverse osmosis:
A) design temperature: 20～30 ℃ (determining according to water water quality).
B) pH value: 3～10
C) design water production rate: 4 * 180t/h
D) system recoveries rate :≤80% (being greater than 75%)
E) system ratio of desalinization: >=97%(is 3 years)
Reverse osmosis water outlet adds alkali adjustment PH and prevents corrosive pipeline.
(4) add Scale inhibitors device
Stop CO
3 2-, SO
4 2-fouling, relatively increase the solubleness of scale forming matter in water, to suppress separating out of the materials such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, also can reduce the micropore that iron ion stops up film simultaneously.
(5) reverse osmosis membrane assembly
Reverse osmosis membrane is mainly used to remove the small-particle that in water, solvability salt, organic macromolecule, colloid, microorganism, previous stage are not removed etc.Reverse osmosis unit 4x180m3/h is set, and reverse osmosis membrane adopts spiral wound configuration, and material is polyamide compoiste material (electric neutrality), minimum ratio of desalinization 99.5%, the monofilm water rate of recovery 15%, the free chlorine maximum concentration <0.1ppm of intaking.
When reverse osmosis is stopped transport, auto-flushing 3～5 minutes, auto-flushing water source is reverse osmosis product water, to remove the dirt that is deposited on film surface, reverse osmosis membrane is effectively maintained.
(6) reverse osmosis system performance:
In RO system ratio of desalinization: >=98%(operation 1 year)
>=96%(operation is after 3 years)
In nanofiltration system ratio of desalinization: >=90%(operation 1 year)
>=85%(operation is after 3 years)
RO system water production rate: 180m
3/ h(cover) (20 ℃)
The rate of recovery of water :≤80% (being greater than 75%)
RO system water outlet TDS: be less than 100mg/L
Adopt the water outlet TDS of nanofiltration system to be less than 300mg/L
This engineering adopts reverse osmosis system to be respectively 20:10, the anti-loaded permeable membrane BW30-400/34i of seven cores; 210, single cover, shares 840 films.According to effluent quality requirement, this engineering adopts nanofiltration membrane system ratio of desalinization to be less than 300mg/L. engineering demands for being greater than 90% water outlet saltiness, reverse osmosis system water outlet meet the requirement that < < drinking water sanitary standard > > GB5749-2006 regulation saltiness is less than 1000mg/L.
6.2 reverse osmosis system processing parameters
1) device tricks: 4 covers
2) exert oneself: 180m3/h cover
3) arrange (level section) mode: 20:10
4) membrane element
Pattern: rolled film
Model: BW30-400/34i
Design flux: 23.07L/m2h
Filtration area: 37m2/ props up
Single film water production rate: 0.857m3/h
Ratio of desalinization: 98%
Material: polyamide composite film
5) membrane element total quantity: 210 (single cover)
6) working life: 3 years
7) year turnover rate: 33.3%
8) supporting pressurized vessel
Model: R80B300S-7
The mono-cover of quantity: 30()
Material: housing: FRP(head scope material is 316LSS)
Operating pressure: 2.0MPa
Diameter:
Length: 7630mm
9) reverse osmosis unit operation condition
Exert oneself: 180m
3/ h cover
The rate of recovery: 80%
Total ratio of desalinization: 95%(is after 3 years)
7.DTRO system
According to DTRO water inlet 126m
3/ h, 16.6 times of calculating of front end reverse osmosis concentration multiple, calculate according to former water TDS=3000-3500mg/L, DTRO water inlet TDS is about 50000～58100mg/L, the design DTRO rate of recovery is 60%, and the total dense water of system is also left 50.4t/h, dense water saltiness 125～146g/L.
System is according to 4 complete equipment parallel runnings, and list overlaps 31.5t/h, and system list Analysis of Nested Design ratio of desalinization is greater than 90%.Single cover system adopts 165,120bar film post, takes 95:70 proportioning.
DTRO system of the present invention adopts novel reverse osmosis membrane technology, this assembly structure and traditional rolled film completely different, stoste runner: dish tubular membrane component has proprietary runner design form, adopt open runner, feed liquid enters in pressurized vessel by entrance, from the passage between flow guiding disc 27 and shell, flow to the other end of assembly, at the other end flange, feed liquid enters (as shown in Figure 3) in flow guiding disc 27 by 8 passages, processed liquid is with the shortest distance Rapid Flow process filter membrane, then 180 ° of reverses are to another face, from the notch at flow guiding disc 27 centers, flow into next flow guiding disc 27(as shown in Figure 4 again), thereby form by flow guiding disc 27 circumference Dao Yuan centers on film surface, arrive again circumference, Zai Daoyuan center two " S " shape route, concentrated solution finally flows out from feed end flange.Distance between DTRO assembly two flow guiding discs 27 is 3mm, the salient point that flow guiding disc 27 surfaces have certain way to arrange.This special Hydraulic design forms turbulent flow while making treatment solution flow through under pressure the chance salient point collision of filter membrane surface, increase transmission rates and self-cleaning function, thereby effectively avoided film to stop up and concentration polarization phenomenon, successfully extended the work-ing life of film bag; Also the incrustation of easily film being wrapped during cleaning is cleaned, and guarantees that dish tubular membrane group is applicable to severe flow condition.
See through liquid runner: filtration membrane 25 bags are comprised of two concentric annular reverse osmosis membranes, and the thread support 26(of film sandwich one deck is as Fig. 4), make water purification by film bag can Rapid Flow to outlet.The outer shroud of this shellring shape material welds with ultrasonic technology, and center drilling is pure water inlet.What penetrating fluid flow to center pull rod periphery along thread support 26 in the middle of diaphragm 25 bag sees through liquid passage, and the O RunddichtringO on flow guiding disc 27 prevents that former water from entering through liquid passage (as Fig. 3).The distance that sees through liquid Cong Mobaodao center is very short, and all equal for filtration membrane 25 bags of institute in assembly.
Adopt the disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) film technological merit specific as follows of disposing of sewage: stable water outlet is up to standard, is not subject to the impact of water quality biodegradability; Pre-treatment requires low; Film long service life; Membrane module is easy to safeguard; Filtering membrane bag replacement charge is low.
DTRO film system has following advantage as the relatively traditional biochemical process of a kind of membrane separation process: flexible operation; Construction period is short, and debugging, startup are rapidly; Level of automation is high, and operation operation is easy; DTRO film system is that integrated form installation floor space is little.DTRO technical process as shown in Figure 5.
System configuration is as shown in table 8:
Table 8
DTRO membrane module:
Diaphragm material: polymeric amide industry antipollution RO film
Rejection: the rejection mean value >=98%(33600ppm of sodium-chlor).
Membrane module area: 9.405m2/ props up.
Feed rate: every film 0.6-1.2m3/h.
Water inlet SDI: maximum 6
PH scope: 3-10, can be at 2-12 during cleaning
Temperature range: maximum 50 ℃
Weight: 75KG
Quantity: 230
8. evaporation pond
This engineering evaporation pond influent concentration 120000mg/L, with 5 grades of evaporation ponds, every grade of evaporation tank is as follows by evaporating the concentration that should reach:
Table 9
| Classification | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Concentration mg/l | 150000 | 200000 | 250000 | 300000 | Crystallization |
Seepage prevention system:
The present invention adopts individual layer composite anti-penetrating lining, can ensure the operation security of seepage prevention system, meets related specifications requirement simultaneously;
Impervious barrier integral body is flexible structure, adaptation sand ground settlement of foundation that can be good; Impervious material itself can stretch, and a small amount of sedimentation does not form impact to impervious barrier;
Impervious barrier top arranges tectum, can isolate ultraviolet ray, and surface physics damage.
Impervious barrier
The artificial antiseepage lining in upper strata adopts 2.0mm HDPE anti seepage membrane, and its function is equivalent to main impervious barrier, and lower floor's auxiliary seepage proof layer can be thinner, generally adopts 1.0mm HDPE anti seepage membrane.
Guide layer
Guide layer is that Real-Time Monitoring is guaranteed evaporation pond operation security in order to coordinate inspection chamber work.Between two-layer HDPE anti seepage membrane, establish guide layer (establish 0.5% the water guide gradient), adopt three-dimensional composite earthwork drainage network, the thick 6mm of three-dimensional web-roll core, both sides composite earthwork cloth adopts polypropylene chopped fiber non-woven geotextile, mass area ratio is 200g/m2, i.e. conventional 200g+6.0mm+200g composite earthwork drainage network structure.
Basal layer
Because standard has mandatory requirement to basal layer permeability coefficient, therefore can consider to add one deck waterproof blanket below impervious barrier, as base permeability ameliorative measure, make up the deficiency of foundation anti-seepage ability.This engineering adopts natural sodium bentonite water-proof blanket (4800g/m2GCL) to replace clay seam, and its permeability coefficient can reach 5.0*10-11cm/s.
Tectum
This evaporation pond engineering is longer working life, because HDPE anti seepage membrane in the open can be aging gradually under exposure, original physical strength reduces, and probability damaged in later stage operation process increases gradually, therefore be necessary impervious barrier integral body to bury, to increase the work-ing life of seepage prevention system.
Fig. 6 is evaporation pond floor plan.
9. body refuse dewatering system
Quantity: 2 (reserved 2);
Design scale: 28 tons (dry mud)/day;
Charging solid content: 3～5%;
Separate unit processing power: 20～30m
3/ h;
Form: centrifugal drier;
Material: 316L, wolfram varbide;
Three, effluent quality is analyzed as shown in table 10:
Table 10
| Project | Unit | Effluent quality |
| Suspended substance | mg/L | <1.0 |
| Calcium ion | mg/L | <100 |
| Magnesium ion | mg/L | <80 |
| Solubilised state silicon-dioxide | mg/L | <20 |
From analyzing above: the nanofiltration system rate of recovery is 80%, the dense water reverse osmosis rate of recovery is that 70%, DTRO system recoveries rate is 60%, system total yield=1-0.2X0.30X0.40=0.972=97.6%.
Embodiment 2: influent quality table
Table 11
From upper table, draw the feature of former water:
1. total hardness is greater than total alkalinity, exists forever firmly, if adopt lime softening method, needs to coordinate and adds sodium carbonate.
2. calcium hardness is greater than basicity, therefore uses sodium hydroxide+sodium carbonate to soften, and removes calcium degree in water.
3. the concentration of silicon-dioxide is higher, and concentration is lower for magnesium ion concentration relatively, for silica removal needs the appropriate magnesium salts that adds, forms the complex compound of magnesium hydroxide and silicon-dioxide, so that magnesium ion carries silicon coprecipitation.
4. sulfate radical, calcium ion, the silicon ion in former water water is very high, and after concentrated 5 times, the concentration of calcium sulfate is the solubility product of 6 times, and the dense water silicon ion of nanofiltration is 100mg/L.If will continuing concentrated calcium sulfate and the silicon ion that need to remove in water, follow-up system enters follow-up system.
5. in water, add sodium hydroxide, soda ash, magnesium hydroxide to react as follows:
Ca(HCO3)2+2NaOH==CaCO3↓+2H2O+Na2CO3
CaSO4+Na2CO3==CaCO3↓+Na2SO4
SiO2+3Mg (OH) 2==3 mistake! Do not find Reference source.·2SiO2·2H2O↓+H2O
Carry out the softening pre-treatment of chemical dosing and carry out solid-liquid separation:
E1. reverse osmosis concentrated water enters after reactive tank 1, adds sodium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide in reactive tank 1, and stirring reaction is more than 15 minutes, and the pH value of controlling water is 11.8; After reaction, reverse osmosis concentrated water flows in reactive tank 2;
E2. in reactive tank 2, add sodium carbonate solution, stirring reaction is more than 15 minutes, and the pH value of controlling water is 10.5; After reaction, reverse osmosis concentrated water overflows in the thickener of tube type filter membrance system;
E3. adopt recycle pump that reverse osmosis concentrated water is transported to tube type filter membrance and carry out solid-liquid separation.
Produce water water quality
Table 12 tubular membrane is produced water water quality table
| Project | Unit | Effluent quality |
| Suspended substance | mg/L | <1.0 |
| Calcium ion | mg/L | <40 |
| Magnesium ion | mg/L | <40 |
| Solubilised state silicon-dioxide | mg/L | <10 |
After dosing is softening separated with tube type filter membrance, intrasystem divalence hardness ions is removed substantially, and silicon-dioxide is also reduced to conspicuous level, and therefore in this case, reverse osmosis is without considering fouling factor.
Claims (7)
1. a method for high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water, is characterized in that, first, adopts that high dense settling pond removes that calcium in water is hard, bicarbonate radical and suspended substance, reduces reverse osmosis fouling tendency; Secondly, reverse osmosis concentrated water is carried out to the softening pre-treatment of chemical dosing, remove easy fouling composition; Adopt tube type filter membrance to carry out solid-liquid separation, the liquid after separation enters dense water reverse osmosis units; Concrete, comprise the following steps:
A. adopting surface load is 0.5 m
3/ (m
2* equalizing tank h) precipitates the suspended substance in supersalinity pit water, removes the easily heavy solid in water;
B. in high dense settling pond, add bodied ferric sulfate and white lime, make the pit water of removing easily heavy solid carry out flocculation reaction and chemical precipitation, remove that calcium in water is hard, bicarbonate radical and suspended substance, reduce reverse osmosis fouling tendency; Adopt change hole filtering pool to filter pit water, reduce suspended substance and colloid;
C. net formula self-cleaning filter adopts the suspended substance in 100 μ m stainless steel graticule mesh interception pit waters, adopts macromolecular substance and microorganism in immersion ultrafiltration system filtering pit water;
D. reverse osmosis unit further carries out pre-desalting treatment, discharges reverse osmosis concentrated water;
E. reverse osmosis concentrated water is carried out to the softening pre-treatment of chemical dosing, remove easy fouling composition; And adopting tube type filter membrance to carry out solid-liquid separation, the liquid after separation enters dense water reverse osmosis units again;
F., after dense water reverse osmosis units and disc-type reverse osmosis system further concentrate pit water, enter evaporation pond;
Wherein, the softening pre-treatment of the chemical dosing described in step e and carry out solid-liquid separation and comprise the following steps:
E1. reverse osmosis concentrated water enters after reactive tank 1, adds sodium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide in reactive tank 1, and stirring reaction is more than 15 minutes, and the pH value of controlling water is 11.8; After reaction, reverse osmosis concentrated water flows in reactive tank 2;
E2. in reactive tank 2, add sodium carbonate solution, stirring reaction is more than 15 minutes, and the pH value of controlling water is 10.5; After reaction, reverse osmosis concentrated water overflows in the thickener of tube type filter membrance system;
E3. adopt recycle pump that reverse osmosis concentrated water is transported to tube type filter membrance and carry out solid-liquid separation.
2. the method for high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the nominal output of the high dense settling pond described in step b is 900
, disengaging zone upflow velocity is 10～20m/h; The filter nominal output of described change hole filtering pool is 280
, filtration velocity is 14m/h, and be 24h working time, and water backwash rate is 15.8
, gas flushing intensity is 15.8
.
3. the method for high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the flow of the net formula self-cleaning filter described in step c is 300
, filtering accuracy is 100 μ m, material is 316L; Described immersion ultrafiltration system utilizes cross flow filter principle, clean filter membrane surface when filtering former water.
4. the method for high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the membrane module model of described immersion ultrafiltration system is UHS-620A, and filtering direction is for from outside to inside, and membrane material is PVDF, and film silk aperture is 0.1 μ m.
5. the method for high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the arrangement mode of the reverse osmosis unit described in steps d is 20:10, and membrane element adopts the anti-loaded permeable membrane BW30-400/34i of seven cores.
6. the method for high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the tube type filter membrance described in step e adopts cross-flow mode to move, and cross-flow flow velocity is more than or equal to 3.5m/s; Filtering accuracy is 0.1 μ m.
7. realize the system of the high efficiente callback supersalinity pit water of the arbitrary described method of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that, comprise the equalizing tank (1), high dense settling pond (2), change hole filtering pool (3), net formula self-cleaning filter (4), immersion ultrafiltration system (5), reverse osmosis unit (6), hardness silicon removal reactor (7), tube type filter membrance (8), dense water reverse osmosis units (9), disc-type reverse osmosis system (10) and the evaporation pond (11) that connect in turn, also comprise: promote water pump (12), clean water basin (13), ultrafiltration intake pump (14), water tank (15) is produced in ultrafiltration, feed water by reverse osmosis pump (16) and body refuse dewatering system (17), promoting water pump (12) is connected with high dense settling pond (2) with equalizing tank (1) respectively, clean water basin (13) are connected with ultrafiltration intake pump (14) with change hole filtering pool (3) respectively, ultrafiltration intake pump (14) is connected with net formula self-cleaning filter (4), ultrafiltration is produced water tank (15) and is connected with feed water by reverse osmosis pump (16) with immersion ultrafiltration system (5) respectively, feed water by reverse osmosis pump (16) is connected with reverse osmosis unit (6), body refuse dewatering system (17) is connected with tube type filter membrance (8).
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Address after: 100035, building 5, building B, Huadian building, No. 273 Xizhimen Main Street, Xicheng District, Beijing Patentee after: CHINA HUADIAN ENGINEERING CO., LTD. Address before: 100035, building 5, building B, Huadian building, No. 273 Xizhimen Main Street, Xicheng District, Beijing Patentee before: China Huadian Engineering (Group) Co., Ltd. |
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