CN103513109A - Device and method for measuring in-situ soil electric conductivity - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring in-situ soil electric conductivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN103513109A CN103513109A CN201310402937.7A CN201310402937A CN103513109A CN 103513109 A CN103513109 A CN 103513109A CN 201310402937 A CN201310402937 A CN 201310402937A CN 103513109 A CN103513109 A CN 103513109A
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Abstract
A device for measuring in-situ soil electric conductivity is composed of an organic glass box, carbon fiber sheet anodes and a compound type polytetrafluoroethylene air cathode assembly. Round holes are evenly distributed in the portion where a base board is connected with air cathodes. The air cathode assembly is formed by combining the compound type polytetrafluoroethylene air cathodes, an upper plastic rubber pad and a lower plastic rubber pad, and is fixed through bolts around. Soil samples to be measured are divided into four layers to be filled in the upper portions of the air cathodes, the position between every two layers of soil samples to be measured is provided with one carbon fiber sheet anode, and the air cathodes and the carbon fiber sheet anodes are respectively connected with an electrochemical workstation through titanium sheet guide lines. A method for measuring the in-situ soil electric conductivity through the measurement device comprises the steps of (1), testing on alternating-current impedance, (2), fitting of equivalent circuits, and (3), computing of the in-situ soil electric conductivity in a linear fitting mode. The device has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to operate and easy to implement; the method has the advantages of measuring electric conductivity of initial states of various soil, and being simple and effective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement of soil conductivity, particularly a kind of measurement mechanism of original position soil conductivity and measuring method.
Background technology
Tradition soil conductivity measuring method need to be dried soil, then mixes in certain proportion with water, with conductivity meter, measures, and wastes time and energy and cannot characterize the conductivity of different water cut soil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned existing problems, a kind of measurement mechanism and measuring method of original position soil conductivity are provided, this measurement mechanism is simple in structure, easy to operate, easy to implement, and measuring method can realize the measurement of the virgin state conductivity of various soil, and method is simply effective.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of measurement mechanism of original position soil conductivity, by organic glass casing, carbon cloth anode and compound polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) air cathode module composition, organic glass casing is that upper and lower opening bottom are with the rectangular parallelepiped of flange frame, bottom half is provided with base plate and supports by four supporting legs, and the part that base plate and air cathode join is evenly equipped with circular hole; Carbon cloth anode and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) air cathode are positioned at the inside of casing, wherein air cathode assembly is positioned at the bottom of casing, the plastic pad that air cathode assembly is provided with respectively by compound polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) air cathode He Qi upper and lower part constitutes and fixes by the bolt of surrounding, and the square hole size at upper and lower plastic pad center is identical with the inner chamber xsect of organic glass casing; Soil sample to be measured is divided four layers of top that is filled in air cathode, between every two-layer soil sample to be measured, a slice carbon cloth anode is set respectively, three layers of its middle and lower parts soil sample to be measured is labeled as respectively 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers soil sample from bottom to top, top layer soil sample to be measured is as topsoil, air cathode is connected with electrochemical workstation by titanium sheet wire respectively with carbon cloth anode, wherein working electrode connects carbon cloth anode, and electrode is connected to air cathode with contrast electrode.
The Circularhole diameter of described base plate and air cathode joining part is 0.5cm, and pitch of holes is 1cm.
The preparation method of described carbon cloth anode is placed in acetone by carbon cloth to soak 8-10 hour, after taking out, with distillation, washes 3-5 all over standby.
Described compound polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) air cathode method for making: take conductive carbon black 4g and add in 200mL beaker, add 80mL absolute ethyl alcohol, stir and ultrasonic 5min, adding 6.2mL density is the PTFE emulsion of 1.5g/mL, stir and ultrasonic 5min, then in 80 ℃ of about 40min of stirring in water bath, take out micelle soft, on roll squeezer, being rolled into thickness with 60 order stainless (steel) wires is 0.35mm electrode slice; Then at 340 ℃, heat 25min stand-by; Taking electric capacity carbon dust 6g adds in 200mL beaker, add 45mL absolute ethyl alcohol, stir and ultrasonic 5min, add 0.667mLPTFE emulsion, stir again and ultrasonic 5min, then in 80 ℃ of about 3h of stirring in water bath, take out micelle soft, be rolled into the opposite side that is pressed in electrode slice after film, final thickness of electrode is 0.4mm.
The thickness of described 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers soil sample is 1-5cm, and the thickness of topsoil is 1cm.
The described measurement mechanism of use carries out a measuring method for original position soil conductivity, and step is as follows:
1) test of AC impedance (EIS)
Adopt the electrochemical workstation that model is Autolab302N to test, the carbon cloth that use acetone was washed is as anode, compound polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) air cathode is as negative electrode, and EIS sweep parameter is high frequency 100KHz, low frequency 10mHz, amplitude 60mV;
2) Equivalent Circuit Fitting
Adopt ZsimpWin software, by equivalent electrical circuit (Q
1r
1) R
2(Q
3r
3) simulate electric resistance of soil, wherein Q
1for cathode capacitance, R
1for cathode resistor, R
2for electric resistance of soil, Q
3for anode capacitance, R
3for anode resistance;
3) linear fit calculates original position soil conductivity
The spacing of negative electrode and anode of take goes out straight slope k as x, electric resistance of soil as y, linear fit, from resistance defined formula R=ρ L/S, k=ρ/S, K=1/ ρ=S/k, the computing formula that draws conductivity is R=ρ L/S, K=1/ ρ, and in formula: R is resistance, Ω, ρ is resistivity, Ω m, L is two die openings, cm, and S is electrode area, 36cm
2, K is conductivity, mS/cm.
Advantage of the present invention is: traditional soil conductivity measuring method need to be dried soil, then mixes in certain proportion with water, with conductivity meter, measures, and wastes time and energy and cannot characterize the conductivity of different water cut soil.This measurement mechanism is simple in structure, easy to operate, easy to implement, and measuring method can realize the measurement of the virgin state conductivity of various soil, and method is simply effective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is this measurement mechanism perspective view.
Fig. 2 is this measurement mechanism sectional structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is EIS and equivalent electrical circuit (QR) R (QR) fitting result.
Tu4Wei the two poles of the earth distance and sensitivity curve.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
A kind of measurement mechanism of original position soil conductivity, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, by organic glass casing, carbon cloth anode and compound polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) air cathode module composition, organic glass casing is that upper and lower opening bottom are with the cube of flange frame, cubical length is 6cm, and bottom half is provided with base plate and supports by four supporting legs, and the part that base plate and organic glass casing join is evenly equipped with circular hole, Circularhole diameter scope is 0.5cm, and pitch of holes is 1cm; Carbon cloth anode and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) air cathode are positioned at the inside of casing, wherein air cathode assembly is positioned at the bottom of casing, the plastic pad that air cathode assembly is provided with respectively by compound polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) air cathode He Qi upper and lower part constitutes and fixes by eight uniform bolts of surrounding, and the square hole size at upper and lower plastic pad center is identical with the inner chamber xsect of organic glass casing; Soil sample to be measured is divided four layers of top that is filled in air cathode, between every two-layer soil sample to be measured, a slice carbon cloth anode is set respectively, three layers of its middle and lower parts soil sample to be measured is labeled as respectively 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers soil sample from bottom to top, top layer soil sample to be measured is as topsoil, and the thickness of 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers soil sample and topsoil is respectively 1 ㎝, 2 ㎝, 2 ㎝ and 1 ㎝; Air cathode is connected with electrochemical workstation by titanium sheet wire respectively with carbon cloth anode, and wherein working electrode connects carbon cloth anode, and electrode is connected to air cathode with contrast electrode.
The preparation method of described carbon cloth anode is placed in acetone by carbon cloth to soak 8 hours, standby with distillation washing 4 times after taking out.
Described compound polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) air cathode method for making: take conductive carbon black 4g and add in 200mL beaker, add 80mL absolute ethyl alcohol, stir and ultrasonic 5min, adding 6.2mL density is the PTFE emulsion of 1.5g/mL, stir and ultrasonic 5min, then in 80 ℃ of about 40min of stirring in water bath, take out micelle soft, on roll squeezer, being rolled into thickness with 60 order stainless (steel) wires is 0.35mm electrode slice; Then at 340 ℃, heat 25min stand-by; Taking electric capacity carbon dust 6g adds in 200mL beaker, add 45mL absolute ethyl alcohol, stir and ultrasonic 5min, add 0.667mLPTFE emulsion, stir again and ultrasonic 5min, then in 80 ℃ of about 3h of stirring in water bath, take out micelle soft, be rolled into the opposite side that is pressed in electrode slice after film, final thickness of electrode is 0.4mm.
The measuring method of carrying out original position soil conductivity with this measurement mechanism, step is as follows:
1) test of AC impedance (EIS)
AC impedance (Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS) is carried out disturbance with the sine wave signal of little amplitude to reactor system.This small disturbance is less to the interference of system, also can make the response of disturbance and system be comparatively simple linear relationship simultaneously, is convenient to analyze and matching.Adopt electrochemical workstation (Autolab302N, Switzerland ten thousand is logical, Holland), the carbon cloth (36cm that uses acetone to wash
2) as anode, activated charcoal---PTFE(teflon) novel air negative electrode (36cm
2) as negative electrode, EIS sweep parameter is: high frequency 100KHz, low frequency 10mHz, amplitude 60mV;
2) Equivalent Circuit Fitting
EIS equivalent electrical circuit (QR) R(QR) fitting parameter result
Fig. 3 is EIS and equivalent electrical circuit (QR) R (QR) fitting result, in figure, shows: the raw data matching of equivalent electrical circuit (QR) R (QR) fitting data and EIS spectrogram is good, illustrates that the resistance value accuracy simulating is higher.。
3) linear fit calculates original position soil conductivity
According to the computing formula of linear fit:
R=ρ L/S, K=1/ ρ, in formula: R is resistance, Ω, ρ is resistivity, Ω m, and L is two die openings, cm, and S is electrode area, 36cm
2, K is conductivity, mS/cm, result of calculation is:
K=1/ρ=S/k=36/5.3765mS/cm=5.1666mS/cm
Tu4Wei the two poles of the earth distance and sensitivity curve.Electrode area is known, the resistivity of the known soil of rate of change of comprehensive electrical resistance two die openings, and the conductivity of soil and its resistivity are reciprocal each other, so can directly derive the conductivity of soil.
Claims (6)
1. the measurement mechanism of an original position soil conductivity, it is characterized in that: by organic glass casing, carbon cloth anode and compound teflon air cathode module composition, organic glass casing is the rectangular parallelepiped of upper and lower opening, bottom half is provided with base plate and supports by four supporting legs, and the part that base plate and air cathode join is evenly equipped with circular hole; Carbon cloth anode and teflon air cathode are positioned at the inside of casing, wherein air cathode assembly is positioned at the bottom of casing, the plastic pad that air cathode assembly is provided with respectively by compound teflon air cathode He Qi upper and lower part constitutes and fixes by the bolt of surrounding, and the square hole size at upper and lower plastic pad center is identical with the inner chamber xsect of organic glass casing; Soil sample to be measured is divided four layers of top that is filled in air cathode, between every two-layer soil sample to be measured, a slice carbon cloth anode is set respectively, three layers of its middle and lower parts soil sample to be measured is labeled as respectively 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers soil sample from bottom to top, top layer soil sample to be measured is as topsoil, air cathode is connected with electrochemical workstation by titanium sheet wire respectively with carbon cloth anode, wherein working electrode connects carbon cloth anode, and electrode is connected to air cathode with contrast electrode.
2. the measurement mechanism of original position soil conductivity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Circularhole diameter of described base plate and air cathode joining part is 0.5 cm, and pitch of holes is 1 cm.
3. the measurement mechanism of original position soil conductivity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described carbon cloth anode is placed in acetone by carbon cloth to soak 8-10 hour, after taking out with distillation washing 3-5 all over standby.
4. the measurement mechanism of original position soil conductivity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described compound teflon air cathode method for making: take conductive carbon black 4 g and add in 200 mL beakers, add 80 mL absolute ethyl alcohols, stir and ultrasonic 5 min, adding 6.2 mL density is the PTFE emulsion of 1.5 g/mL, stir and ultrasonic 5 min, then in 80 ℃ of stirring in water bath approximately 40 min, taking-up micelle is soft, and on roll squeezer, being rolled into thickness with 60 order stainless (steel) wires is 0.35mm electrode slice; Then at 340 ℃, heat 25 min stand-by; Taking electric capacity carbon dust 6 g adds in 200 mL beakers, add 45 mL absolute ethyl alcohols, stir and ultrasonic 5 min, add 0.667 mLPTFE emulsion, stir again and ultrasonic 5 min, then in 80 ℃ of stirring in water bath approximately 3 h, take out micelle soft, be rolled into the opposite side that is pressed in electrode slice after film, final thickness of electrode is 0.4mm.
5. the measurement mechanism of original position soil conductivity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of described 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers soil sample is 1-5 cm, and the thickness of topsoil is 1cm.
6. with measurement mechanism described in claim 1, carry out a measuring method for original position soil conductivity, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) test of AC impedance
Employing model is that the electrochemical workstation of Autolab 302N is tested, the carbon cloth that use acetone was washed is as anode, compound teflon air cathode is as negative electrode, and AC impedance sweep parameter is high frequency 100KHz, low frequency 10 mHz, amplitude 60mV;
2) Equivalent Circuit Fitting
Adopt ZsimpWin software, by equivalent electrical circuit (Q
1r
1) R
2(Q
3r
3) simulate electric resistance of soil, wherein Q
1for cathode capacitance, R
1for cathode resistor, R
2for electric resistance of soil, Q
3for anode capacitance, R
3for anode resistance;
3) linear fit calculates original position soil conductivity
The spacing of negative electrode and anode of take goes out straight slope k as x, electric resistance of soil as y, linear fit, from resistance defined formula R=ρ L/ S, k=ρ/S, K=1/ ρ=S/k, the computing formula that draws conductivity is R=ρ L/ S, K=1/ ρ, and in formula: R is resistance, Ω, ρ is resistivity, Ω m, L is two die openings, cm, and S is electrode area, 36 cm
2, K is conductivity, mS/cm.
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104360164A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-02-18 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for testing impedance of soil mass under different temperature paths |
| CN105629068A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-06-01 | 北京化工大学 | Method of measuring carbon fiber volume resistivity |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109669073B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-05-26 | 浙江大学 | Self-adaptation soil conductivity check out test set |
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| JP2001215203A (en) * | 2000-02-01 | 2001-08-10 | Kawasaki Kiko Co Ltd | Instrument for measuring electric conductivity, method of measuring electric conductivity of soil, and instrument for measuring electric conductivity of soil solution |
| US6700395B1 (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2004-03-02 | Betty J. Perry | Soil moisture indicator device |
| CN101609058A (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2009-12-23 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of measuring device of soil conductivity and method |
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2013
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| JP2001215203A (en) * | 2000-02-01 | 2001-08-10 | Kawasaki Kiko Co Ltd | Instrument for measuring electric conductivity, method of measuring electric conductivity of soil, and instrument for measuring electric conductivity of soil solution |
| US6700395B1 (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2004-03-02 | Betty J. Perry | Soil moisture indicator device |
| CN101609058A (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2009-12-23 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of measuring device of soil conductivity and method |
| CN103149439A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-06-12 | 北京科技大学 | Device and method for testing electric conductivity of powder material and impedance of membrane electrode |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104360164A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-02-18 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for testing impedance of soil mass under different temperature paths |
| CN104360164B (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2017-04-12 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for testing impedance of soil mass under different temperature paths |
| CN105629068A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-06-01 | 北京化工大学 | Method of measuring carbon fiber volume resistivity |
| CN105629068B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-03-30 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of method for determining carbon fiber specific insulation |
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