CN103512610B - Test bed - Google Patents

Test bed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103512610B
CN103512610B CN201310461895.4A CN201310461895A CN103512610B CN 103512610 B CN103512610 B CN 103512610B CN 201310461895 A CN201310461895 A CN 201310461895A CN 103512610 B CN103512610 B CN 103512610B
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China
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window
testing stand
buildings
baffle
hun
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CN103512610A (en
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张靖岩
李引擎
李思成
付佳佳
赵楠
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Tropical Building Science Research Institute Hainan Co ltd
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China Academy of Building Research CABR
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Abstract

The invention relates to a test bed for fire test, comprising: the brick-concrete building body forms a plurality of rooms with a multilayer structure and can be used for placing fire sources; a plurality of windows are arranged on the brick-concrete building body and are respectively communicated with the plurality of rooms; a plurality of cornices are arranged on the brick-concrete building body and are respectively positioned above the windows; and the thermocouple is arranged outside the brick-concrete building body and is used for detecting the temperature outside the brick-concrete building body, wherein the size of the opening of the window is adjustable, and/or the area of the cornice is adjustable. The invention has the advantages that the fire scene is simulated through the test bed, and then the influence of the size of the window and the size of the cornice on the fire overflow spreading is judged.

Description

Testing stand
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of testing stand.
Background technology
During high-rise building with fire disaster, the level that its fire spread mainly has spreads and longitudinal direction is spread two kinds and spreads mode.Water Flat spreading is only limitted to fire bed, and the longitudinal direction of fire mainly passes through internal various vertical shafts in spreading over traditional skyscraper, Exterior window of Zhongting and building etc. carries out spreading diffusion.During fire longitudinally spreads, in the buoyancy that heat smoke causes, chimney effect Should, in the presence of the equiprobable influence factor of extraneous wind-force, the speed that fire longitudinally spreads is significantly larger than the speed that its level spreads Degree.It is to cause fire of high-rise building last to also indicate that the longitudinal direction of fire is spread to the investigation and analysis of conventional fire of high-rise building accident Main cause out of control.Recently as the continuous development of energy-saving building technology and heat insulating material, in urban skyscraper The serious event of fire that fire longitudinally spreads along facade rapidly and expands to building interior has been respectively formed in fire, and this is again Spread and add new way in longitudinal direction for fire.
Therefore, how to develop the Architectural Construction technology that fiery overflow can be suppressed to spread, it is ensured that the fire safety of skyscraper Property, it has also become the key issue for solving is badly in need of in current fire safety evaluating field, and this has to dependence and carries out substantial amounts of building fire Specifically how test, by obtaining optimal Architectural Construction in multiple fire disaster simulation, control window and size and choose The size of eaves, could utilize window and the effective obstruct spread to fiery overflow of cornicing.
In existing technology, a kind of effective fire disaster simulation scheme cannot be even provided.The design people is actively studied Innovation, to founding a kind of testing stand of new structure, changes window or the size corniced, simulates various sizes of window or choose Under eaves, the suppression situation spread to fiery overflow, to determine in the window of what size or under cornicing, can preferably suppress fire to overflow Stream is crept up along window.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at, there is provided a kind of testing stand of new structure, technical problem to be solved is logical The size for changing window or cornicing is crossed, various sizes of window is simulated or is corniced down, the suppression situation spread by fiery overflow, so as to It is more suitable for practicality.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems employs the following technical solutions to realize.According to present invention proposition A kind of testing stand, for carrying out fire test, including:Zhuan Hun buildings body, forms the multiple rooms in multiple structure, can place fire Source;Window, quantity are multiple, are opened on Zhuan Hun buildings body, are respectively communicated with the plurality of room;Cornice, quantity for multiple, It is arranged on Zhuan Hun buildings body, respectively positioned at the top of the plurality of window;Thermocouple, installed in the outer of Zhuan Hun buildings body Portion, for detecting the temperature of Zhuan Hun buildings external body, wherein, the openings of sizes scalable of the window, and/or described cornice Area scalable.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems can also be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Preferably, aforesaid testing stand, the opening of the window and the equal scalable of the area for cornicing.
Preferably, aforesaid testing stand, the window include:Slidably baffle plate, the window have left side, right edge And upper side edge, the left side of the window, right edge have the chute that connects with digging in upper side edge, and the slidably baffle plate can be in institute Activity in chute is stated, changes open height or the width of the window.
Preferably, aforesaid testing stand, it is described cornice including:First baffle, is fixed on Zhuan Hun buildings body;Slide rail, On the first baffle;Second baffle, can slide on the slide rail, from the first baffle stretch out or shrink, With the size corniced described in change.
Preferably, aforesaid testing stand, the quantity of the slide rail is two, is separately mounted to two of the first baffle On surface, and arrange along described length and width direction respectively;The quantity of the second baffle is two, is separately mounted to On two slide rails, for changing the length and width corniced.
Preferably, aforesaid testing stand, also includes:Thermocouple frame, on Zhuan Hun buildings body, pacifies on the thermocouple frame Fill multiple thermocouples, the thermocouple frame is divided into multistage, one section of wherein at least with it is described cornice it is parallel, in addition at least one section with The window is parallel.
Preferably, aforesaid testing stand, Zhuan Hun buildings body form two row rooms in vertical direction, the two row room The thermocouple is provided with before corresponding window, and wherein in two room of bottom is used for placing the burning things which may cause a fire disaster.
Preferably, aforesaid testing stand, also includes:Exterior stair, it is on Zhuan Hun buildings body, mixed positioned at the brick The both sides of building body.
Preferably, aforesaid testing stand, is provided with ground collar tie beam in the ground in the bottom room in the plurality of room, described Collar tie beam is mounted in the roof in multiple rooms.
Preferably, aforesaid testing stand, also includes:Blinding layer, positioned at the bottom of Zhuan Hun buildings body.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the testing stand of the present invention can spread Barrier Technology as research facade fire overflow Analogue experiment installation, it is safe, flexible, convenient, and testing stand has complete temperature measurement system, specifically:
By window or the regulation corniced, various sizes of window can be obtained or corniced down, fiery overflow along window to The situation of vertical spread, can determine in the window of what size or under cornicing afterwards, can preferably suppress fiery overflow along window Family longitudinal direction and horizontal direction spread situation.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention, And can be practiced according to the content of description, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate accompanying drawing describe in detail as after.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of testing stand according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of testing stand according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of testing stand according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the partial schematic diagram of testing stand according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the partial schematic diagram of testing stand according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the partial schematic diagram of testing stand according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the partial schematic diagram of testing stand according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
For further illustrating the present invention for reaching technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below in conjunction with Accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to according to testing stand proposed by the present invention its specific embodiment, structure, feature and its effect, in detail Describe in detail bright as after.In the following description, what different " embodiment " or " embodiment " referred to is not necessarily same embodiment.This Outward, in one or more embodiments special characteristic, structure or feature can be combined by any suitable form.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, one embodiment of the present of invention proposes a kind of testing stand, for carrying out fire test, Can include:Zhuan Hun buildings body 1, base structure of the Zhuan Hun buildings body 1 for testing stand are set for supporting, installing different types of test Standby, Zhuan Hun buildings body 1 forms the multiple rooms in multiple structure, can place burning things which may cause a fire disaster;Window 2, quantity are multiple, are opened in Zhuan Hun buildings On body 1, multiple rooms are respectively communicated with;Cornice 3, quantity is multiple, is arranged on Zhuan Hun buildings body 1, respectively positioned at multiple windows 2 Top;Thermocouple 4, installed in the outside of Zhuan Hun buildings body 1, for detecting the temperature outside Zhuan Hun buildings body 1, wherein, window 2 is opened Mouthful size scalable, and/or cornice 3 area scalable, the testing stand shown in figure can adopt 1:2 small scale testing stands, Testing stand external dimensions is 4 meters × 3.3 meters × 4.5 meters, totally three layers of testing stand, and each room-sized can be designed as 2 meters × 3.3 Rice × 1.5 meters, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that data above is merely illustrative, the not technical scheme to the present embodiment Limited, with 3 adjustable features of cornicing, window 2 determines that testing stand size is not limited, therefore, using the examination of this programme Platform is tested, existing skyscraper is simulated, the safety of existing skyscraper can be tested.
Preferably, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, compared with above-described embodiment, the examination of the present embodiment Test platform, the openings of sizes scalable of window 2, at the same cornice 3 area scalable, adjustable window 2 and cornicing 3 can be used for Carry out tests below:
Experiment 1
Study without 2 shape and size of window under the conditions of outdoor wind, cornice 3 size, window still wall size (with window 2 Highly change) etc. obstruct influencing mechanism to fiery overflow.First, it is ensured that 4 thermometric of thermocouple is normal.Adjust window 2 and choose After 3 size of eaves, the food tray of certain size is placed in the bottom room in multiple rooms, and balance is set to zero registration, Ran Houli Weigh the methanol that takes a certain amount of (for estimating fire source power) in the balance and upper oil-pan, begin to a little after being ready to before this Fire, forms burning things which may cause a fire disaster, simultaneously starts the collection related data of thermocouple 4.It is after fray-out of flame, which is rapid with stand fan pectinid Cooling, after temperature cools down, changes window 2 and 3 sizes of cornicing, step before also repeating afterwards.Using orthogonal experiment method, 25 groups of experiments that difference is corniced under 3 elongations, extension and window 2 height, width conditions need to be completed altogether.
Experiment 2
Under the conditions of studying exogenous wind of having family, 2 shape and size of window, 3 sizes of cornicing, the size of window still wall are (with the height of window 2 Degree changes) etc. obstruct influencing mechanism to fiery overflow.Under using wind direction, wind friction velocity outside blower fan simulation different chamber, build The obstruct mechanism of alien invasion fire overflow, experimental procedure afterwards are identical with experiment 1.
Preferably, as shown in figure 4, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, compared with above-described embodiment, this The testing stand of embodiment, window 2 include:Slidably baffle plate 5, window 2 have left side, right edge and upper side edge, a left side for window 2 Digging in side, right edge and upper side edge has the chute 6 for connecting, and slidably baffle plate 5 can be movable in chute 6, changes the window Mouthfuls 2 open height or width, realize the adjustable of 2 height of window and width, can simulate 2 height of different windows and width is external The barriering effect of facade fire, 2 openable full-size of window can be designed as 1.4 meters × 1.1 meters, window when opening maximum 2 left and right sides is 0.3 meter apart from the edge in room, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that data above is merely illustrative, The technical scheme of the present embodiment is not limited, in addition, the window 2 of scalable geomery also has various, such as push-and-pull Formula window, the structure of the window 2 of the present embodiment are not used in and technical scheme are limited.
Preferably, as shown in figure 5, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, compared with above-described embodiment, this The testing stand of embodiment, cornicing 3 can include:First baffle 7, is fixed on Zhuan Hun buildings body 1;Slide rail 8, installed in first baffle On 7;Second baffle 9, can slide on slide rail 8, stretch out or shrink from first baffle, to change the size corniced.
Preferably, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, compared with above-described embodiment, the examination of the present embodiment Platform is tested, the quantity of slide rail 8 is two, is separately mounted on two surfaces of first baffle 7, and the length and width on edge respectively Direction is arranged;The quantity of second baffle 9 be two, be separately mounted on two slide rails 8, for change cornice 3 length and width Degree, it is adjustable cornice 3 for simulate difference cornice 3 barriering effect to alien invasion fire of elongation and extension width, realize Cornice 3 it is horizontal, longitudinal two-way adjustable, 3 maximum elongations of cornicing specifically can reach 0.7 meter, maximum extension width can reach 0.4 meter, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that data above is merely illustrative, the technical scheme of the present embodiment is not carried out Limit.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, compared with above-described embodiment, this The testing stand of embodiment, can also include:Thermocouple frame 9, on Zhuan Hun buildings body 1, installs multiple thermoelectricity on thermocouple frame 9 Even 4,4 points of thermocouple frame is multistage, one section of wherein at least with cornice 3 parallel, at least a section in addition is parallel with window 2.
Preferably, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, with above-described embodiment phase Than the testing stand of the present embodiment, Zhuan Hun buildings body 1 form two row rooms in vertical direction, before the corresponding window in two row rooms Thermocouple 4 is provided with, wherein in two room of bottom is used for placing burning things which may cause a fire disaster, then using the thermocouple 4 at another room Situation is spread laterally come detect fire.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, with above-described embodiment phase Than the testing stand of the present embodiment also includes:Exterior stair 10, on Zhuan Hun buildings body 1, positioned at the both sides of Zhuan Hun buildings body 1, For debugging, installing the various facilities and equipments on Zhuan Hun buildings body 1, can see at the different layers of Fig. 6 and Tu7Wei Zhuanhun buildings body 1 Room.There is a connection in adjacent 2 rooms, and the room at exterior stair is connected with exterior stair by door.
Preferably, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, compared with above-described embodiment, the examination of the present embodiment Platform is tested, ground collar tie beam is installed in the ground in the bottom room in multiple rooms, collar tie beam is mounted in the roof in multiple rooms, C25 arrangements of reinforcement, ground collar tie beam and collar tie beam can be adopted to can ensure that the Stability Analysis of Structures of testing stand, it is not easy to rupture occur.
Preferably, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, compared with above-described embodiment, the examination of the present embodiment Platform is tested, is also included:Blinding layer, positioned at the bottom of Zhuan Hun buildings body, blinding layer can adopt C10 concretes, can be protected based on bed course The mechanism stable of confirmatory test platform, then testing stand be not easy the situation for occurring toppling over.
Preferably, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of testing stand, compared with above-described embodiment, the examination of the present embodiment Platform is tested, because room on fire is arranged at bottom, therefore the roof and ground to bottom carries out thickening process, and to top floor jacking Row water-proofing treatment.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the testing stand of the present invention can spread Barrier Technology as research facade fire overflow Analogue experiment installation, it is safe, flexible, convenient, and testing stand has complete temperature measurement system, specifically:
(1), in terms of the overflow of facade fire spreads the simulation of phenomenon, testing stand is according to the dimension theory of similarity, complete topotype Intend room on fire and facade, truly can reflect room in actual building catch fire generation fiery overflow along window to Vertical spread, can clearly observe experimentation and phenomenon in outdoor;
(2) in terms of the control of testing stand and the measurement of canonical parameter, whether window or cornice and can adjust, just In window and the size corniced is changed in time, different fire tests are carried out.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not makees any pro forma restriction to the present invention, though So the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention, any to be familiar with this professional technology people Member, in the range of without departing from technical solution of the present invention, when making a little change or modification using the technology contents of the disclosure above For the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, the technical spirit of the foundation present invention Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification made to above example, still falls within the range of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of testing stand, for carrying out fire test, it is characterised in that include:
Zhuan Hun buildings body, forms the multiple rooms in multiple structure, can place burning things which may cause a fire disaster;
Window, quantity are multiple, are opened on Zhuan Hun buildings body, are respectively communicated with the plurality of room;
Cornice, quantity is multiple, is arranged on Zhuan Hun buildings body, respectively positioned at the top of the plurality of window;
Thermocouple, installed in the outside of Zhuan Hun buildings body, for detecting the temperature of Zhuan Hun buildings external body, wherein,
The openings of sizes of the window and the equal scalable of the area for cornicing;
The window includes:
Slidably baffle plate, the window have left side, right edge and a upper side edge, the left side of the window, right edge and on The chute for having connection is dug in side, and the slidably baffle plate can be movable in the chute, and the opening for changing the window is high Degree or width;It is described cornice including:
First baffle, is fixed on Zhuan Hun buildings body;
Slide rail, on the first baffle;
Second baffle, can slide on the slide rail, from the first baffle stretch out or shrink, to change the chi for cornicing It is very little;
The quantity of the slide rail is two, is separately mounted on two surfaces of the first baffle, and respectively along length and Width is arranged;
The quantity of the second baffle is two, is separately mounted on two slide rails, for changing the length corniced And width.
2. testing stand according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include:
Thermocouple frame, on Zhuan Hun buildings body, installs multiple thermocouples on the thermocouple frame, the thermocouple frame is divided into many Section, one section of wherein at least are corniced parallel with described, and at least a section in addition is parallel with the window.
3. testing stand according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Zhuan Hun buildings bodies forms two row rooms in vertical direction, is provided with described before the corresponding window in the two row room One in thermocouple, wherein two room of bottom is used for placing the burning things which may cause a fire disaster.
4. testing stand according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include:
Exterior stair, on Zhuan Hun buildings body, positioned at the both sides of Zhuan Hun buildings body.
5. testing stand according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Ground collar tie beam is installed in the ground in the bottom room in the plurality of room,
Collar tie beam is mounted in the roof in the plurality of room.
6. testing stand according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that also include:
Blinding layer, positioned at the bottom of Zhuan Hun buildings body.
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CN103761919B (en) * 2014-01-29 2017-01-18 中国科学技术大学 Chamber fire simulation experiment device under action of external wind
CN108693077A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-10-23 辽宁工程技术大学 A kind of Multifunctional buildings plume dispersion experimental provision and its experimental method
CN108877455A (en) * 2018-07-16 2018-11-23 公安部上海消防研究所 A kind of modularization fire of high-rise building experiment simulator
CN110033685A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-07-19 上海海事大学 A kind of fire test platform
CN114137145A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-03-04 国消(天津)检测技术有限公司 Fire test device and method for external curtain wall system
CN114910603A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-16 应急管理部天津消防研究所 Fire comprehensive simulation experiment platform and method

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Inventor after: Zhang Jingyan

Inventor after: Li Yinqing

Inventor after: Li Sicheng

Inventor after: Fu Jiajia

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