Summary of the invention
Large for existing two-dimentional constant force erecting by overhang measured error, follow the problems such as precision is not high, loss of weight counterweight inertia force influence is large, the invention provides and a kind ofly adopt that constant force output cylinder realizes that constant force is hung, air-float guide rail realize long apart from level follow, precision is high, the two-dimentional constant force erecting by overhang of good stability.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A constant force erecting by overhang, comprises constant force output cylinder, air-floating apparatus, guide track system, assembly pulley, suspension strop, detecting device etc.
Described guide track system comprises the first line slideway, the second line slideway, the first slide block, the second slide block, two groups of motors and support etc.; The first support that described support comprises parallel installation, the second support and the 3rd support, described the first line slideway and the second line slideway successively level are arranged between the first support and the second support, the second support and the 3rd support; Described the first slide block is slidably sleeved on the first line slideway, and described air-floating apparatus is connected with the first slide block; Described the second slide block is slidably sleeved on the second line slideway, and described constant force output cylinder is connected with the second slide block; Described two groups of motors can drive respectively the first slide block, the second slide block movement.
Described air-floating apparatus comprises air supporting seat, air-bearing shafts, air supporting cover; Described air supporting cover is sleeved on air-bearing shafts, and described air-bearing shafts two ends are by air supporting seat supports, and described air supporting seat connects the first slide block.Described assembly pulley comprises the first fixed pulley, the second fixed pulley and movable pulley, described the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley and air supporting cover are fixing, described suspension strop one end and the first support are fixed, the described suspension strop other end connects constant force output cylinder through the first fixed pulley, movable pulley, the second fixed pulley successively, and described fixed pulley is hung target workpiece by fixed pulley seat.
Described constant force output cylinder comprises piston, piston rod, cylinder barrel, end cap, cylinder barrel lid, air inlet cover; Described piston rod connects piston, described piston bush be contained in cylinder barrel and and cylinder barrel wall between have minimum gap, described cylinder barrel two ends are set with end cap and cylinder barrel lid, and described piston rod connects suspension strop through cylinder barrel lid, between described piston rod and cylinder barrel lid inwall, have minimum gap.
Described detecting device comprises two groups of laser displacement sensors and reflector, described laser displacement sensor is arranged on respectively air supporting seat and cylinder barrel covers, described reflector is sleeved on piston rod, and described laser displacement sensor can be measured respectively the displacement of air supporting cover and piston rod.
Further, the air inlet cover of described constant force output cylinder comprises the first air inlet cover and the second air inlet cover, and described the first air inlet cover is sleeved on cylinder barrel, and described the second air inlet cover is sleeved on cylinder barrel and covers.
Between described the first air inlet cover and cylinder barrel, leave gap and form the first air storing cavity, described the first air inlet puts and is provided with the first admission port, and described the first admission port communicates with the first air storing cavity.Between described the second air inlet cover and cylinder barrel lid, leave gap and form the second air storing cavity, described the second air inlet puts and is provided with the second admission port, and described the second admission port communicates with the second air storing cavity.
Described cylinder barrel first cutoff port radially that is uniformly distributed along the circumference, described first radially cutoff port communicate with the first air storing cavity, described first radially cutoff port in axial direction have two groups at least, described first radially installs orifice plug in cutoff port.
Described cylinder barrel covers second cutoff port radially that is uniformly distributed along the circumference, described second radially cutoff port communicate with the second air storing cavity, described second radially cutoff port in axial direction have two groups at least, described second radially installs orifice plug in cutoff port.
Described piston is provided with the first pressure relief groove, the first radial direction through hole in the axial blind hole that described the first pressure relief groove comprises piston center, the first groove on outside piston cylinder, the first groove; Described the first radial direction through hole communicates with axial blind hole, and described the first groove has two groups and be positioned at the two ends of piston at least.
Described piston rod center has axially extending bore and forms and to unload pore, described in unload pore and communicate with the axial blind hole at piston center.
Described cylinder barrel covers and is provided with the second pressure relief groove, and described the second pressure relief groove comprises the second groove on cylinder barrel lid inwall, the second radial direction through hole in the second groove; Described the second radial direction through hole communicates with ambient atmosphere.
Described end cap is provided with air gate, and described cylinder barrel covers and is provided with induction opening; Described induction opening connects baroceptor and large storage tank by tracheae, stores pressure-sustaining gas in described large storage tank.
Between described end cap and cylinder barrel, between cylinder barrel and the first air inlet cover, between cylinder barrel lid and cylinder barrel, all adopt O type circle to seal between cylinder barrel lid and the second air inlet cover.
Further, described the first fixed pulley, the second fixed pulley, movable pulley are air-bearing pulley, and described air supporting cover, the first fixed pulley, the second fixed pulley can pass through air-bearing shafts air feed.
Mentality of designing of the present invention shows:
Because air-float guide rail does not exist friction force, therefore target workpiece is connected with air supporting cover by assembly pulley, air supporting cover can be on air-bearing shafts frictionless motion, realizing the passive of horizontal direction follows, because the stroke of air-float guide rail is limited, therefore by air-floating apparatus and guide track system are coupled together, utilize laser displacement sensor to measure the displacement of air supporting cover, metrical information is fed back to guide track system control air-bearing shafts and move corresponding distance, make air supporting cover be positioned at all the time its effective travel; Fixed pulley and movable pulley are air-bearing pulley, and friction drag is little, and target workpiece is not introduced to additional forces.
The constant force output of vertical direction is exported cylinder by constant force and is realized.By the fixing suspension strop in one end, walk around the piston rod that the first fixed pulley, movable pulley and the second fixed pulley are connected constant force output cylinder, movable pulley linking objective workpiece, therefore, as long as the value of thrust on suspension strop remains unchanged, can realize the constant force of vertical direction and hang.Because the stroke of constant force output cylinder is limited, therefore, by another set of independently line slideway, initiatively follow; Laser displacement sensor can be measured the displacement of connecting rod piston, then by electric machine control slide block moving belt moveable cylinder, moves corresponding distance, guarantees that connecting rod piston is positioned at its effective travel all the time, thereby realizes the long apart from hanging of vertical direction.For fear of constant force output cylinder, the motion of air-floating apparatus is exerted an influence, therefore two line slideways are installed successively along rectilinear direction, guarantee that the motion of target workpiece is unaffected.
The piston of constant force output cylinder can be in cylinder barrel frictionless motion, therefore as long as passing ratio valve and storage tank are controlled the atmospheric pressure value that passes into inner cavity of cylinder, keep constant, it is constant that the power value of exporting on cylinder barrel keeps.In large storage tank, store pressure-sustaining gas, be equivalent to increase the volume of cylinder barrel inlet chamber, the volume-variation that piston movement causes is less on the impact of air pressure sudden change, on the other hand, active by line slideway is followed, reduced to change because connecting rod piston motion causes cylinder barrel cavity volume the impact that air pressure is produced, further improved the precision that constant force is hung.
Cylinder barrel and cylinder barrel cover and are respectively equipped with radially cutoff port, radially cutoff port overcoat has air inlet cover, the admission port that high pressure gas put from air inlet enters, by cutoff port radially between piston and cylinder barrel, between piston rod and cylinder barrel lid, form air film, for piston provides support and lubricates; Piston is not subject to the impact of admission line, and intake method is simple, good stability.
Piston and cylinder barrel cover and are equipped with pressure relief groove, and pressure relief groove communicates with ambient atmosphere, and in the film formed gap of gas, form in atmospheric area ,Shi gap and have pressure gradient, the formation that air film is stablized in promotion, load-carrying capacity is good; Radially cutoff port on cylinder barrel is positioned at the medium position of cylinder barrel, and piston has certain length, in piston moving process, can guarantee that radially cutoff port on cylinder barrel is all the time in its range of movement.
Advantage of the present invention is: good stability, precision are high.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is a kind of long-distance 2 D constant force erecting by overhang schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is constant force output cylinder schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is constant force output cylinder schematic perspective view
The specific embodiment
A constant force erecting by overhang, comprises constant force output cylinder, air-floating apparatus, guide track system, assembly pulley, suspension strop, detecting device etc.
Guide track system comprises the first line slideway 25, the second line slideway 35, the first slide block 27, the second slide block 38, two groups of motors 32 and support etc.; The first support 24 that support comprises parallel installation, the second support 31 and the 3rd support 36, the first line slideways 25 and the second line slideway 35 successively level are arranged between the first support 24 and the second support 31, the second support 31 and the 3rd support 36; The first slide block 27 is slidably sleeved on the first line slideway 25, and air-floating apparatus is connected with the first slide block 27; The second slide block 38 is slidably sleeved on the second line slideway 35, and constant force output cylinder is connected with the second slide block 38; Two groups of motors 32 can drive respectively the first slide block 27, the second slide block 38 motions.
Air-floating apparatus comprises air supporting seat 26, air-bearing shafts 28, air supporting cover 29; Air supporting cover 29 is sleeved on air-bearing shafts 28, and air-bearing shafts 28 two ends are supported by air supporting seat 26, and air supporting seat 26 connects the first slide block 27.Assembly pulley comprises the first fixed pulley 33, the second fixed pulley 34 and movable pulley 37, the first fixed pulley 33 and the second fixed pulley 34 are fixing with air supporting cover 29, suspension strop one end and the first support 24 are fixing, the suspension strop other end connects constant force output cylinder through the first fixed pulley 33, movable pulley 37, the second fixed pulley 34 successively, and fixed pulley 27 is hung target workpiece by fixed pulley seat.
Constant force output cylinder comprises piston 5, piston rod 17, cylinder barrel 4, end cap 1, cylinder barrel lid 12, air inlet cover; Piston rod 17 connects piston 5, piston 5 be sleeved in cylinder barrel 4 and and cylinder barrel wall between have minimum gap, cylinder barrel 4 two ends are set with end cap 1 and cylinder barrel lid 12, and described piston rod 17 connects suspension strops through cylinder barrel lid 12, and described piston rod 17 and cylinder barrel cover has minimum gap between 12 inwalls.End cap 1 is provided with induction opening 2, and cylinder barrel lid 12 is provided with air gate 11; Induction opening 2 connects baroceptor and large storage tank by tracheae, in large storage tank, stores pressure-sustaining gas.
Detecting device comprises two groups of laser displacement sensors 30 and reflector 37, laser displacement sensor 30 is arranged on respectively on air supporting seat 26 and cylinder barrel lid 12, reflector 37 is sleeved on piston rod 17, and laser displacement sensor 30 can be measured respectively the displacement of air supporting cover 29 and piston rod 17.
Air inlet cover comprises first air inlet cover the 7 and second air inlet cover 14, the first air inlet cover 7 is sleeved on cylinder barrel 4, the second air inlet cover 14 is sleeved on cylinder barrel lid 12, the first air inlet cover 7 and 4 of cylinder barrels leave gap and form the first air storing cavity 22, between the second air inlet cover and cylinder barrel lid, leave gap and form the second air storing cavity 20, the first air inlet cover 7 is provided with the first admission port 8, the first admission port 8 communicates 22 with the first air storing cavity, the second air inlet cover 14 is provided with the second admission port 16, the second admission ports 16 and communicates with the second air storing cavity 20.
Cylinder barrel 4 be uniformly distributed along the circumference first radially cutoff port 9, the first radially cutoff port 9 in axial direction have two groups, first radially cutoff port 9 communicate with the first air storing cavity 22; Cylinder barrel lid 12 be uniformly distributed along the circumference second radially cutoff port 15, the second radially cutoff port 15 in axial direction have two groups, second radially cutoff port 15 communicate with the second air storing cavity 20; The first cutoff port 9 and second interior orifice plug that is all provided with of cutoff port 15 radially radially.
Piston is provided with the first pressure relief groove, the first groove 10 on the axial blind hole 23 that the first pressure relief groove comprises piston center, outside piston cylinder, the first radial direction through hole 6 in the first groove 10; The first radial direction through hole 6 communicates with axial blind hole 23, and the first groove 10 has two groups and be positioned at the two ends of piston; Piston rod 17 centers have axially extending bore formation and unload pore 18, unload pore 18 and communicate with the axial blind hole 23 at piston center; Cylinder barrel lid 12 is provided with the second pressure relief groove, and the second pressure relief groove comprises the second groove 21 on cylinder barrel lid inwall, the second radial direction through hole 13 in the second groove; The second radial direction through hole 13 communicates with ambient atmosphere.
Between end cap 1 and cylinder barrel 4, between cylinder barrel 4 and the first air inlet cover 7, between cylinder barrel lid 12 and cylinder barrel 4, the 12 and second air inlet of cylinder barrel lid all adopts O type circle 3 to seal between overlapping 14.
Further, the first fixed pulley 33, the second fixed pulley 34, movable pulley 37 are air-bearing pulley, and air supporting cover the 29, first fixed pulley 33, the second fixed pulley 34 can pass through air-bearing shafts 28 air feed.