CN103507827B - Friction regulation and control shower nozzle - Google Patents
Friction regulation and control shower nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN103507827B CN103507827B CN201310460673.0A CN201310460673A CN103507827B CN 103507827 B CN103507827 B CN 103507827B CN 201310460673 A CN201310460673 A CN 201310460673A CN 103507827 B CN103507827 B CN 103507827B
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Abstract
This application provides a kind of friction regulation and control shower nozzle, described shower nozzle is fastened on the flange of rail foot of track for a train and can continuously adjust along the vertical direction of track and horizontal direction, shower nozzle includes: nozzle body, spout, and described spout has flexibility and is arranged on the tip of nozzle body；Probe, probe is arranged in described nozzle body and its top leans out from nozzle body；Plunger, plunger is arranged on nozzle body inside and is laterally connected to the bottom of probe；Nozzle body inner chamber, nozzle body inner chamber is made up of the inwall of plunger and nozzle body, and probe is positioned in described nozzle body inner chamber；Conveying pipe, conveying pipe and spout main body intracavity inter-connection, for nozzle body inner chamber conveyor lubricant；And spring, one end of spring is connected to plunger base, and its other end is fixedly provided in the bottom of nozzle body, is wherein connected flexible pad between spout with rail head, and cushion is used for making spout and rail head compact siro spinning technology not have space.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rail lubricating area；Step on for lubrication wheel track other in road more particularly, to one
The friction regulation and control shower nozzle in face.
Background technology
Key subjects in the research of wheel rail relation always railway science and technology, recently as the development of technology,
Wheel-rail lubricating has had new progress, expands to wheel track tread friction pair from wheel rim and gauge angle, lubrication main
Purpose develops to the whole rail of prolongation, wheel system life-span from reducing wheel-rail wear and tear, and new technique is referred to as wheel track
Friction factor regulation and control.
At 3 in Curve Segment, owing to effect and the rail upper and lower section chief degree of centrifugal force is different, cause running surface of wheeltrack
There is creep vibration, produce lateral impact loads and the vertical impact load of pulsed.Friction control technology
The mechanism of action is to change the friction factor of running surface of wheeltrack, thus changes frequency of impact and the amplitude of wheel track creep,
Reach to alleviate the purpose of rail fatigue.
Friction control material is delivered to rail level and carries out friction factor regulation and control by friction regulator control system.Friction control material
The water base lubricant with medium friction factor selected by material, and it is after wheel rolls, and moisture evaporates, residual
Staying thing to form one layer of stable solid film at rail level, friction factor is stable between 0.30～0.40, can
Ensure enough pull strengths and brake force, reduce wheel track creep, effectively extend rail service life.
Additionally, for heavy haul railway rail, modal trauma is that the contact fatigue of rail tread is split
Stricture of vagina and peel off block.The main method solving the problems referred to above both at home and abroad is steel rail grinding.Along with scientific research
Deep people, people begin attempt to the regulation and control that are lubricated wheel track tread and rub, do not reducing traction and system
Under the dynamic adhesion coefficient needed, reduce rail abrasion energy consumption and wheel track surface contact stress to greatest extent,
Effectively to extend rail service life, save the renewal cost of rail.
Investigation finds, relevant device circuit and car body that offshore company develops are seriously polluted, and spray pattern falls
After, especially shower nozzle function is the most advanced, causes spraying dosage big, and dynamic response is slow, easily by train air-flow
Impact, the problems such as transfer performance is low, easy blocking.
Specifically, existing shower nozzle mainly has following several respects problem: 1, spraying dosage is big, lubricant utilization rate
Low, cause railway roadbed and line environment pollution in wide area；Also find that train has liquid lubricant to be deposited in after passing through
Rail tread, has adverse influence to locomotive traction and braking；2, nozzle structure is complicated, and lubricating fluid is through row
Car the most significantly extends after rolling, but has obvious border, illustrates that its transfer performance is relatively low, it is necessary to
Sprayed by multiinjector, large span, cause equipment power consumption height；3, the nozzle of spray regime is used, it is easy to
By from train air-flow and nature windage, lubricating fluid is made to deviate target；4, nozzle is easily blocked up by foreign body
Plug.
The shower nozzle such as used on the friction control equipment of kelsan rail top, is the most general.Nozzle is pacified
Being contained in outside track, be made up of two panels strip rubber lip, designer wishes that lubricant is from nozzle lip
Uniform extrusion at Kou, actually used in due to temperature, the reason such as aging, rubber deformation is serious, lubricant
Can only extrude from the certain point of lip and arrive rail surface.Spraying dosage is big simultaneously, and lubricant utilization rate is low,
Cause railway roadbed and line environment pollution in wide area；Also find that train has liquid lubricant to be deposited in steel after passing through
Rail tread, has adverse influence to locomotive traction and braking.
The most such as, Canadian National Research Council's traffic above-ground technique center and HY-power company of Germany taste
Pinged the mode of rail rolling surface lubrication, controlled wheel track coefficient of friction, thus reach to slow down rail fatigue,
Reduce the purpose of train derailing tendency.Result of study shows, implement tread friction control can reduce noise 35db,
Rail wear reduces 2/3, train derailment coefficients reduces by 67%, can reduce simultaneously rail lateral impact forces 35%～
50%.But the feature of Germany's HY-Power company wheel-rail lubricating and friction control system is a machine band four group 16
Nozzle, distribution system guarantees that every nozzle can uniformly export lubricant.The lubricating fluid that this nozzle is sprayed passes through
Train the most significantly extends after rolling, but has obvious border, illustrates that its transfer performance is relatively low, must
Must be sprayed by multiinjector, large span.
The most such as U.S. TORL rail level lubrication shower nozzle.When train arrives, and sensor sensing signal, controller is kept away
Start car, along rail parallel direction to train wheel and rail longitudinally injection lubricant, by wheel carry to
Front rail of square steel.But this spray regime is highly susceptible to, from train air-flow and nature windage, make
Lubricating fluid deviation target.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of spraying is accurate, effective discharge is little, dynamic response is fast, transfer performance is high,
And there is the shower nozzle from the function dredged.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming existing defect, for disadvantages mentioned above, the invention provides a kind of friction regulation and control shower nozzle, institute
State shower nozzle to be fastened on the flange of rail foot of track for a train and can adjust continuously along the vertical direction of track and horizontal direction
Joint, described shower nozzle includes: nozzle body, spout, and described spout has flexibility and is arranged on described shower nozzle master
The tip of body；Probe, described probe is arranged in described nozzle body and its top is from described nozzle body
Lean out；Plunger, described plunger is arranged on described nozzle body inside and is laterally connected to the end of described probe
Portion；Nozzle body inner chamber, described nozzle body inner chamber is made up of the inwall of described plunger and described nozzle body,
Described probe is positioned in described nozzle body inner chamber；Conveying pipe, described conveying pipe and described spout main body inner chamber
It is connected, for described nozzle body inner chamber conveyor lubricant；And spring, one end of described spring connects
In described plunger base, and its other end is fixedly provided in the bottom of described nozzle body, wherein said
Be connected flexible pad between spout with rail head, described cushion be used for making described spout and rail head compact siro spinning technology and
There is no space.
Preferably, described cushion is higher than rail level 2mm, for ensure the lubricant that sprayed by described shower nozzle towards
Flow in the side of rail level, and described cushion is in close contact with gauge angle, prevents lubricant from overflowing downwards.
Preferably, described probe and the matched in clearance of spout, and lean out spout 2mm such that it is able to utilize described
Probe seals described spout.
Preferably, the elasticity of described spring can regulate.
Preferably, described probe can be according in described nozzle body inner chamber relative to the sealing of described spout
Pressure change closes automatically.
Preferably, described probe can remain in the foreign body of described spout by automatic dredging.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the method additionally providing friction regulation and control shower nozzle work, described method bag
Include following steps: utilized the elastic force of spring to be maintained on initial position by probe before there is no conveyor lubricant,
And utilize probe to seal described spout；When being delivered lubricant in nozzle body inner chamber by conveying pipe,
Pressure in described nozzle body inner chamber raises；When the pressure in described nozzle body inner chamber raise continuously and gram
When taking the elastic force of described spring, plunger moves away from spout together with probe；When described probe is retracted into completely
Time in described nozzle body inner chamber, spray lubricant by spout；After stopping conveyor lubricant, described
Pressure in nozzle body inner chamber declines；After pressure declines continuously and is less than the elastic force of spring, described bullet
Spring promotes described plunger and described probe to move towards spout, so that probe leans out described spout and by described
Spout is closed.
Preferably, the step of lubricant is sprayed when described probe recedes in described nozzle body inner chamber completely
Also including: when spraying lubricant, the pressure in described nozzle body inner chamber reaches balance so that described post
Plug is stablized motionless together with described probe.
Preferably, when described probe moves towards spout and leans out described spout, described probe can be automatic
Dredging remains in the foreign body of spout.
Preferably, described method also includes: when detecting that heavy haul train passes through, by lubricant pipe to
Described nozzle body inner chamber conveyor lubricant；And once detect that heavy haul train passes through completely, make described spout
Stop injection lubricant.
Preferably, described method also includes: regulates the elastic force of described spring, thus controls the profit of spout injection
The flow of lubrication prescription and opening and the speed closing described spout.
In the present invention, nozzle body uses aluminium profile, the built-in external members such as probe, piston, spring,
Probe coordinates with spout small-gap suture, and leans out spout about 2mm.Probe is at liquid in pipe pressure and reset bullet
The common effect of spring is lower to be moved back and forth, and controls opening and closing of spout.
Probe is designed to lean out from spout, can remain in foreign body (the such as locomotive sanding machine of spout by automatic dredging
The grains of sand of ejection, or equipment is long-time the most with lubricator air-dry after the solid film etc. that formed at nozzle).
Regulate the pretightning force of spring by the spring base after regulation nozzle, control spout flow and open with
The speed of Guan Bi, improves the transient response ability of nozzle.
Automatically the spout of Guan Bi can after stop-spraying unlubricated dose remain on tread, not under the influence of string locomotive lead to
Out-of-date pull strength.
Can make to be completely embedded between spout and rail head do not have space, cushion is higher than tread 2mm simultaneously, can protect
Demonstrate,prove the lubricant from spout extrusion to flow to tread side, allow wheel roll as far as possible and take away, so can improve
The utilization rate of lubricant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By from the explanation of below example, make referring to the drawings the present invention exemplary embodiments these and/
Or other side and advantage become more apparent from and it is more readily appreciated that wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the friction regulation and control shower nozzle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and wherein spout is in and is sealed
The state closed.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the friction regulation and control shower nozzle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and wherein spout is in and opens
State.
Detailed description of the invention
The friction of other wheel track tread lubrication for road with specific embodiment, the present invention provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Regulation and control shower nozzle is described in detail.
Fig. 1 show according to embodiments of the present invention friction regulation and control shower nozzle schematic diagram, wherein spout be in by
The state (stop-spraying state) closed；Fig. 2 shows showing of friction regulation and control shower nozzle according to embodiments of the present invention
Being intended to, wherein spout is in open mode (spraying state).It is specifically described referring now to Fig. 1 and 2.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, shower nozzle include nozzle body 3, spout 1, probe 2, plunger 4, spring 5,
Conveying pipe 6 and cushion (not shown).Shower nozzle can be fixed on flange of rail foot by wedge-shaped card, and sprays
Head can continuously adjust along the horizontal direction of track and longitudinal direction.
In the present embodiment, nozzle body 3 is made up of aluminium section bar, but the present invention is not limited to this, it is possible to
To use, other corrosion resistance is strong, the metal material of good weatherability.
The spout 1 with flexibility is arranged on the tip of nozzle body 3, and passes through cushion phase between rail head
Connect.Cushion is had resilient material (such as other nonmetallic materials or soft metal) by rubber etc. and makes,
So that being completely embedded between spout and rail head and there is no space.Meanwhile, cushion can be higher than tread 2mm,
Thus ensure that the lubricant from spout extrusion flows to tread side, allow wheel roll as far as possible and take away extrusion
Lubricant.Additionally, cushion is also in close contact with gauge angle, lubricant is therefore avoided to overflow downwards.
It is internal that probe 2, plunger 4 and spring 5 are arranged at nozzle body 3.Probe 2 can be with spout 1
The small-gap suture of opening closely cooperates, and the top of probe 2 leans out general about the 2mm of spout 1.So,
On initial position, owing to there is no pressure, so probe 2 is maintained under the effect of spring 5 in conveying pipe
Its initial position, and spout 1 is shut, as shown in Figure 1.
Plunger 4 is connected to the bottom of probe 2 against ground, and constitutes shower nozzle master together with the inwall of nozzle body
Intracoelomic cavity.Conveying pipe 6 and nozzle body intracavity inter-connection, for nozzle body inner chamber conveyor lubricant.
One end of spring 5 is connected to the bottom of plunger 4, and the other end is connected to the bottom of nozzle body, this
Sample, when by conveying pipe 6 to nozzle body inner chamber conveyor lubricant, the pressure of nozzle body inner chamber can be held
Height of continuing rising, when this pressure exceedes the elastic force of spring 5, can make plunger 4 together with the probe 2 being connected with plunger 4
The elastic force of spring 5 is overcome to move away from spout 1 together.In the present embodiment, spring 5 is helical spring
The back-moving spring of form, but the present invention is not limited to this, it is possible to use other types of resilient mechanism, example
Such as torsion-bar spring or disc spring or other intimate springs.
Probe 2 is designed to its top and leans out from spout 1, so except joining with plunger 4 and spring 5
Outside incompatible close jet 1, it is also possible to when leaning out spout 1, automatic dredging remains in the foreign body of nozzle,
Such as locomotive sanding machine ejection the grains of sand, or shower nozzle do not use and because lubricant air-dries the profit caused
The solid film etc. that lubrication prescription is formed at nozzle.
Additionally, the elastic force of spring 5 is adjustable.By regulating the spring base (not shown) of spring 5, can
To regulate the pretightning force of spring, the flow and the spout that thus control the injection of nozzle lubricant are opened and Guan Bi
Speed, thus improve the transient response ability of spout.So, the spout of Guan Bi enables to stop-spraying automatically
After do not have lubricant to remain on tread, the most not under the influence of string locomotive by time pull strength.
Hereinafter, will be explained in the friction regulation and control shower nozzle work according to the present embodiment and the method installed.First,
Two set shower nozzles can be separately mounted to the outside of two one steel rails.Often set shower nozzle is fixed on the flange of rail by wedge-shaped card
On foot；Then, the fixing fixture block of regulation, make the cushion of shower nozzle exceed rail level 2mm, thus ensure the profit of extrusion
Lubrication prescription flows to rail level side, makes cushion be in close contact with gauge angle simultaneously, thus avoids lubricant downward
Overflow.
After installing shower nozzle, when locomotive is through out-of-date, determined whether with control unit by train identification
Heavy haul train passes through；Confirming as after heavy haul train passes through in train identification and control unit, output drives direct current
Motor works, motor driven gear pump work, and lubricant is passed by gear pump sucking-off edge conveying pipe from fuel tank
It is passed in nozzle body inner chamber, when lubricant flow to spout 1, owing to now spout 1 is closed by probe, lubrication
Agent cannot be extruded so that the pressure in nozzle body inner chamber constantly raises, and once pressure exceedes the pre-of spring 5
Clamp force (elastic force), plunger 4 is promoted the direction along away from spout to move, when probe 2 is complete together with probe 2
Complete when spout 1 recedes into nozzle body inner chamber, lubricant is i.e. extruded from spout 1, nozzle body inner chamber
In pressure reach dynamic equilibrium so that plunger is motionless together with probe steady.Now lubricant is stable from spout
Flow outwardly, be sprayed on rail tread, as shown in Figure 2.
When power unit is received after signal quits work, the pressure in conveying pipe and nozzle body inner chamber rapidly under
Fall, spring 5 promotes plunger 4 and probe 2 to move to spout 1, thus utilizes probe 2 to be closed by spout 1,
Lubricant is no longer extruded from spout 1, and train pass through after do not have the lubricant of liquid and remain in rail and step on
On face.
In the present embodiment, the shifting of plunger and probe is driven by the change of the pressure in nozzle body inner chamber
Dynamic, thus open and closed spout, but the present invention is not limited to this, it is also possible to and driven by motor and replace
Oil pressure actuated is opened and closed spout.
Additionally, in this embodiment, the structure using plunger (or piston) to match with probe realizes
The probe automatic dredging to spout, but the present invention is not limited to this, it would however also be possible to employ and bar linkage structure replaces
Piston structure realizes from dredging.
It addition, in the present embodiment, probe is used to coordinate the mode of (cooperation of hole axle) to open with spout
And closed spout, but the present invention is not limited to this, it would however also be possible to employ other opening and closing structures substitute hole axle and join
Close closedown mode.
The key technology point of the present invention is:
1) spout and probe small-gap suture matching design: make shower nozzle possess automatic closing function, can be fast after stop-spraying
Speed close jet, it is ensured that unlubricated dose is deposited on tread, does not thus interfere with next column locomotive and passes through
Time pull strength or adhesion strength required during brake hard.
2) probe leans out the structure design of spout: after stop-spraying while probe close jet, and lean out spout
2mm, make shower nozzle possessed automatic dredging remain in spout foreign body (such as locomotive sanding machine ejection the grains of sand,
Or equipment is long-time the most with lubricator air-dry after the solid film etc. that formed at nozzle) ability, prevent
Spout blocks, it is ensured that the reliability service of shower nozzle.
3) the adjustable design of the pretightning force of spring: probe can be changed and open and the speed of Guan Bi, improve nozzle
Transient response ability, also plays certain assosting effect to control spout flow simultaneously.
4) the cushion design of special construction between nozzle and rail head, can make to be connected between nozzle with rail head tightly
Close do not have space, and cushion is higher than tread 2mm simultaneously, it is ensured that from the lubricant of spout extrusion to tread
Flowing in side, allows wheel roll as far as possible and take away.The most both improve the utilization rate of lubricant, reduced again
Railway roadbed pollution.
5) shower nozzle fixture has the regulatory function of both direction, easy installation and reliable.
Finally it should be noted that above example is only in order to describe technical scheme rather than to this
Technical method limits, the present invention application on can extend to other amendment, change, apply and
Embodiment, and it is taken as that all such amendments, change, apply, embodiment is all the present invention's
In the range of spirit or teaching.
Claims (8)
1. a friction regulation and control shower nozzle, described shower nozzle is fastened on the flange of rail foot of track for a train and can be along rail
Vertical direction and the horizontal direction in road continuously adjust, and described shower nozzle includes:
Nozzle body,
Spout, described spout has flexibility and is arranged on the tip of described nozzle body；
Probe, described probe is arranged in described nozzle body and its top leans out from described nozzle body；
Plunger, described plunger is arranged on described nozzle body inside and is laterally connected to the end of described probe
Portion；
Nozzle body inner chamber, described nozzle body inner chamber is by the inwall structure of described plunger and described nozzle body
Becoming, described probe is positioned in described nozzle body inner chamber；
Conveying pipe, described conveying pipe and described spout main body intracavity inter-connection, for described nozzle body
Inner chamber conveyor lubricant；With
Spring, one end of described spring is connected to described plunger base, and its other end is fixedly disposed
In the bottom of described nozzle body,
Be connected flexible pad between wherein said spout and rail head, described cushion be used for making described spout with
Rail head compact siro spinning technology and there is no space,
Wherein said probe can be according to the pressure in described nozzle body inner chamber relative to the sealing of described spout
Power change closes automatically.
Friction regulation and control shower nozzle the most according to claim 1, wherein said cushion is higher than rail level 2mm,
For ensureing that the lubricant that sprayed by described shower nozzle flows towards the side of rail level, and described cushion with
Gauge angle is in close contact, and prevents lubricant from overflowing downwards.
Friction regulation and control shower nozzle the most according to claim 1, the gap of wherein said probe and spout is joined
Close, and lean out spout 2mm such that it is able to utilize described probe to seal described spout.
Friction regulation and control shower nozzle the most according to claim 1, the elasticity of wherein said spring is to adjust
Joint.
Friction regulation and control shower nozzle the most according to claim 1, wherein said probe can be deposited by automatic dredging
Stay the foreign body of described spout.
6. as claimed in claim 1 friction regulation and control shower nozzle work a method, described method include with
Lower step:
Described probe is maintained on initial position by the elastic force utilizing spring before not having conveyor lubricant,
And utilize probe to seal described spout；
When being delivered lubricant in described nozzle body inner chamber by conveying pipe, in described nozzle body
Pressure in chamber raises；
When the pressure in described nozzle body inner chamber raises continuously and overcomes the elastic force of described spring, described
Plunger moves away from described spout together with described probe；
When described probe recedes in described nozzle body inner chamber completely, spray lubricant by spout；
After stopping conveyor lubricant, the pressure in described nozzle body inner chamber declines；
After pressure declines continuously and is less than the elastic force of spring, described spring promotes described plunger and described
Probe moves towards spout, so that probe leans out described spout and closed by described spout；
When detecting that heavy haul train passes through, by lubricant pipe to described nozzle body inner chamber conveying profit
Lubrication prescription；And once detect that heavy haul train passes through completely, make described spout stop injection lubricant；Described
Method also includes: regulate the elastic force of described spring, thus control the lubricant of spout injection flow and
The speed opened and close described spout.
Method the most according to claim 6, wherein recedes into described shower nozzle master completely when described probe
The step spraying lubricant time in intracoelomic cavity also includes: when spraying lubricant, described nozzle body inner chamber
In pressure reach balance so that described plunger is stablized motionless together with described probe.
Method the most according to claim 6, wherein said probe moves towards spout and leans out described
During spout, described probe can remain in the foreign body of spout by automatic dredging.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310460673.0A CN103507827B (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2013-09-30 | Friction regulation and control shower nozzle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310460673.0A CN103507827B (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2013-09-30 | Friction regulation and control shower nozzle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103507827A CN103507827A (en) | 2014-01-15 |
| CN103507827B true CN103507827B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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| EP3230149A1 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-10-18 | Whitemore Manufacturing, LLC | Top of rail applicator and method of using the same |
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| WO2006062056A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-06-15 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Friction control device for railway vehicle |
| CN102159825A (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2011-08-17 | 斯德曼数字系统公司 | Fuel injectors with intensified fuel storage and methods of operating engine therewith |
| WO2011143765A1 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-24 | Portec Rail Products, Inc. | Wayside friction management system |
-
2013
- 2013-09-30 CN CN201310460673.0A patent/CN103507827B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2316209Y (en) * | 1998-03-10 | 1999-04-28 | 铁道部科学研究院金属及化学研究所 | Wheel rail lubricator sprinkler head for locomotive |
| WO2006062056A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-06-15 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Friction control device for railway vehicle |
| CN102159825A (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2011-08-17 | 斯德曼数字系统公司 | Fuel injectors with intensified fuel storage and methods of operating engine therewith |
| WO2011143765A1 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-24 | Portec Rail Products, Inc. | Wayside friction management system |
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