CN103501031A - Super capacitor charging control circuit - Google Patents
Super capacitor charging control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103501031A CN103501031A CN201310468764.9A CN201310468764A CN103501031A CN 103501031 A CN103501031 A CN 103501031A CN 201310468764 A CN201310468764 A CN 201310468764A CN 103501031 A CN103501031 A CN 103501031A
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Abstract
The invention provides a super capacitor charging control circuit which comprises an input reverse connection prevention circuit, a switch control circuit, a charging constant current circuit and a charging voltage detection circuit, wherein the input reverse connection prevention circuit is connected with the switch control circuit in series; the switch control circuit is connected with the charging voltage detection circuit in series; one end of the charging constant current circuit is connected with the switch control circuit, and the other end of the charging constant current circuit is connected with an output end of the charging voltage detection circuit. The constant current action mechanism and the voltage limiting action mechanism of the super capacitor charging control circuit are decided by the inherent physical characteristics of a constant current diode and a voltage stabilizing diode and are independent of the normal operation of a single-chip microcomputer or the program thereof; the super capacitor charging control circuit does not adopt a linear direct current (DC) voltage stabilizing circuit of the common charging control circuit, thus being free from electric energy loss caused by a linear adjusting component, and realizing higher power supply efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit, relate in particular to a kind of capacitor charging control circuit that can effectively limit charging current and charging upper limit voltage.
Background technology
The super capacitor capacity is large, withstand voltage low, can high current charge-discharge, often can be configured in the occasion of power supply scarcity, and be used for storage power, to drive the load of large electric current, short-term operation.The stored energy application of super capacitor, require to carry out constant little electric current, long-time charging usually, and when voltage arrives the upper voltage limit of design, control circuit can automatically shut down charging circuit, stops charging, in order to avoid super capacitor overcharges damage.
Realize the above requirement of controlling, traditional way is: input supply voltage first is subject to monolithic processor controlled linear stabilized power supply through one-level, by voltage stabilization (usually a little more than upper voltage limit) near the design upper voltage limit of super capacitor, pass through again one-level constant-current source circuit (being that core forms by triode or special chip usually), super capacitor is carried out to constant current charge; Electric voltage observation circuit (normally ADC analog to digital conversion circuit) is separately arranged, and the change in voltage of persistent surveillance super capacitor also reports to single-chip microcomputer, when voltage reaches the design upper voltage limit, by Single-chip Controlling, turn-offs stabilized voltage power supply, stops super capacitor being charged.
There is following problem in above-mentioned common charging control circuit: one, highly rely on Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system software and hardware reliability service, control complexity, reliability is not high; Two, hardware circuit complexity, high expensive; Three, when input supply voltage and super capacitor design upper voltage limit differs larger, power-efficient is not high.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the above problems, a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit has been proposed, this control circuit is simple in structure, safe and reliable, power-efficient is high, do not rely on the normal operation of single-chip microcomputer simultaneously, even single-chip microcomputer hardware fault or program fleet, also be unlikely to cause bust because of overcurrent, overvoltage.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of super capacitor charging control circuit, is characterized in that, comprising: input reverse-connection preventing circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, charging constant-current circuit, charging voltage testing circuit; Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit and described ON-OFF control circuit are connected in series, described ON-OFF control circuit and described charging voltage testing circuit are connected in series, and described charging constant-current circuit one end is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit.
The charging enable signal end EN of ON-OFF control circuit is subject to Single-chip Controlling, and charging enable signal EN is high level, opens charging, and charging enable signal EN is low level, stops charging.
When voltage rises to the design upper voltage limit, no matter whether single-chip microcomputer works, the voltage stabilizing didoe in the charging voltage testing circuit all can provide feedback signal to ON-OFF control circuit, and ON-OFF control circuit is turn-offed, and stops charging.
Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit comprises diode D1 and diode D2; The positive pole of described diode D1 is connected with DC voltage input end Vin, the negative pole of diode D1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit; The plus earth of described diode D2, negative pole are connected with the negative pole of described diode D1.
Described ON-OFF control circuit comprises field effect transistor Q1, triode Q2, resistance R 1-R4; The source S of described field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described input reverse-connection preventing circuit, the drain D of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described charging constant-current circuit, the grid G of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with an end of resistance R 1 and resistance R 2 respectively, the source S of the other end access field effect transistor Q1 of described resistance R 1, the collector electrode of the other end access triode Q2 of described resistance R 2; One end of resistance R 4 with enable from single-chip microcomputer that control signal EN is connected, the other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, one end of resistance R 3 is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, other end ground connection, the grounded emitter of triode Q2, base stage are connected with described charging voltage testing circuit.
Described charging constant-current circuit comprises current regulator diode CRD1; The end of described current regulator diode CRD1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit, and described current regulator diode CRD1 is connected to the super capacitor of controlled charging simultaneously.
Described charging voltage testing circuit comprises triode Q3, resistance R 5, resistance R 6 and voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3; The collector electrode of described triode Q3 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, grounded emitter, one end of described resistance R 5 is connected with the base stage of triode Q3, the other end is connected with the positive pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, one end of described resistance R 6 is connected with the emitter of triode Q3, the other end is connected with the positive pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, and the negative pole of described voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3 is connected with charging voltage output end vo ut.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the present invention can realize the control to the super capacitor charging, simultaneously when charging voltage arrives upper voltage limit, if because certain reason causes the single-chip microcomputer operation irregularity, the Enable Pin of not charging in time sets low, voltage detecting circuit still can be by providing feedback signal to charge switch controlling circuits, stop charging to turn-off reliably charge switch, in order to avoid because overcharging the damage that causes super capacitor.
2. the motion mechanism of constant current of the present invention and pressure limiting, that intrinsic physical characteristic by current regulator diode, voltage stabilizing didoe determines, and do not rely on the normal operation of single-chip microcomputer and program thereof, even single-chip microcomputer hardware fault or program fleet, also be unlikely to cause bust because of overcurrent, overvoltage.
3. the present invention does not adopt the linear DC voltage stabilizing circuit of common charging control circuit, there is no the linear electric energy loss that element brings of adjusting, and has realized higher power-efficient.
4. circuit of the present invention is simple, safe and reliable, power-efficient is high.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is circuit diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit, comprise input reverse-connection preventing circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, charging constant-current circuit, charging voltage testing circuit.
Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit is comprised of diode D1 and diode D2.At first input direct voltage Vin is connected to the charge switch controlling circuits of rear class by the input reverse-connection preventing circuit.Input direct voltage Vin is no matter by the positive pole input of diode D1, or by the positive pole input of diode D2, can guarantee correctly to be input to the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 of rear class charge switch controlling circuits, played the effect of reverse connecting protection.
Described ON-OFF control circuit comprises field effect transistor Q1, triode Q2, resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3 and resistance R 4.The source S of described field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described input reverse-connection preventing circuit, the drain D of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described charging constant-current circuit, the grid G of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with an end of resistance R 1 and resistance R 2 respectively, the source S of the other end access field effect transistor Q1 of described resistance R 1, the collector electrode of the other end access triode Q2 of described resistance R 2; One end of resistance R 4 with enable from single-chip microcomputer that control signal EN is connected, the other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, one end of resistance R 3 is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, other end ground connection, the grounded emitter of triode Q2, base stage are connected with described charging voltage testing circuit.
Described charging constant-current circuit comprises current regulator diode CRD1.The end of current regulator diode CRD1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, accesses charging voltage output end vo ut after the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit, is connected to the super capacitor of controlled charging simultaneously.By the charging constant-current circuit, can realize take that constant electric current is as the super capacitor charging.
Described charging voltage testing circuit, comprise triode Q3, resistance R 5, resistance R 6, voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3.Charging voltage Vout is connected with the negative pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, and the positive pole of DZ3 is connected respectively at an end of resistance R 5 and resistance R 6; The other end ground connection of resistance R 6; The other end of resistance R 5 is connected with the base stage of triode Q3; The grounded emitter of triode Q3; The collector electrode of triode Q3 is connected with the points of common connection of resistance R 4 with resistance R 3 respectively.
The charging Enable Pin EN of ON-OFF control circuit is subject to Single-chip Controlling, and charging enable signal EN is high level, opens charging, and charging enable signal EN is low level, stops charging.
When voltage rises to the design upper voltage limit, voltage detecting circuit provides feedback signal to charge switch controlling circuits, and ON-OFF control circuit is turn-offed.Concrete course of action is: when voltage does not reach design upper limit piezoelectricity, not conducting of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, be equivalent to open circuit; When voltage rises to the design upper voltage limit, the reverse conducting of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, enter the voltage stabilizing operating state, the voltage of DZ3 anode can progressively raise, and this voltage is added to the base stage of triode Q3 through R5, make the Q3 conducting, the conducting of Q3 drags down the base voltage of Q2, and Q2 and Q1 are turn-offed in succession.Therefore, when charging voltage arrives upper voltage limit, if because certain reason causes the single-chip microcomputer operation irregularity, the Enable Pin of not charging in time sets low, voltage detecting circuit still can be by providing feedback signal to charge switch controlling circuits, the stopcock control circuit, stop charging, in order to avoid because overcharging the damage that causes super capacitor.
Although above-mentioned, by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but be not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various modifications that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a super capacitor charging control circuit, is characterized in that, comprising: input reverse-connection preventing circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, charging constant-current circuit, charging voltage testing circuit; Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit and described ON-OFF control circuit are connected in series, described ON-OFF control circuit and described charging voltage testing circuit are connected in series, and described charging constant-current circuit one end is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit; The charging enable signal end EN of ON-OFF control circuit is subject to Single-chip Controlling;
When voltage rises to the design upper voltage limit, no matter whether single-chip microcomputer works, the voltage stabilizing didoe in the charging voltage testing circuit all can provide feedback signal to ON-OFF control circuit, and ON-OFF control circuit is turn-offed, and stops charging.
2. a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described input reverse-connection preventing circuit comprises diode D1 and diode D2; The positive pole of described diode D1 is connected with DC voltage input end Vin, the negative pole of diode D1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit; The plus earth of described diode D2, negative pole are connected with the negative pole of described diode D1.
3. a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described ON-OFF control circuit comprises field effect transistor Q1, triode Q2, resistance R 1-R4; The source S of described field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described input reverse-connection preventing circuit, the drain D of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described charging constant-current circuit, the grid G of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with an end of resistance R 1 and resistance R 2 respectively, the source S of the other end access field effect transistor Q1 of described resistance R 1, the collector electrode of the other end access triode Q2 of described resistance R 2; One end of resistance R 4 with enable from single-chip microcomputer that control signal EN is connected, the other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, one end of resistance R 3 is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, other end ground connection, the grounded emitter of triode Q2, base stage are connected with described charging voltage testing circuit.
4. a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described charging constant-current circuit comprises current regulator diode CRD1; The end of described current regulator diode CRD1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit, and described current regulator diode CRD1 is connected to the super capacitor of controlled charging simultaneously.
5. a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described charging voltage testing circuit comprises triode Q3, resistance R 5, resistance R 6 and voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3; The collector electrode of described triode Q3 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, grounded emitter, one end of described resistance R 5 is connected with the base stage of triode Q3, the other end is connected with the positive pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, one end of described resistance R 6 is connected with the emitter of triode Q3, the other end is connected with the positive pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, and the negative pole of described voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3 is connected with charging voltage output end vo ut.
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| CN201310468764.9A CN103501031B (en) | 2013-10-09 | 2013-10-09 | A kind of super capacitor charging control circuit |
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| CN201310468764.9A CN103501031B (en) | 2013-10-09 | 2013-10-09 | A kind of super capacitor charging control circuit |
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| CN103501031B CN103501031B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103957633A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-30 | 桂林市啄木鸟医疗器械有限公司 | Single-capacitor power supply circuit of photo-curing machine LED lamp |
| CN104410124A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二六研究所 | Device for constant current charge of energy-storage capacitor of depth finder |
| CN105914808A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-31 | 天津市畅悦电子科技有限公司 | Output pulse control circuit applied to activating device |
| CN106972454A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-07-21 | 顺丰科技有限公司 | High voltage-small current current-limiting circuit, current-limiting protection module and unmanned delivery's equipment |
| CN106972455A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-07-21 | 顺丰科技有限公司 | High voltage-small current current-limiting circuit, current-limiting protection module and unmanned delivery's equipment |
| CN107046274A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-08-15 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Overvoltage crowbar and terminal device |
| CN107062030A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-08-18 | 东莞市盛祺照明科技有限公司 | A kind of battery is the flashlight of super capacitor |
| CN108281991A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of circuit protection circuit, method and power cable |
| CN109120052A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-01 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of powersupply system of data acquisition equipment |
| CN110429700A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-08 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | A kind of charge-discharge circuit for ammeter |
| CN110957771A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-04-03 | 郑州嘉晨电器有限公司 | Pre-charging failure protection circuit for key switch |
| CN115242070A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-25 | 海信（广东）空调有限公司 | Air conditioner power control circuit and air conditioner |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103957633A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-30 | 桂林市啄木鸟医疗器械有限公司 | Single-capacitor power supply circuit of photo-curing machine LED lamp |
| CN104410124A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二六研究所 | Device for constant current charge of energy-storage capacitor of depth finder |
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| CN107062030A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-08-18 | 东莞市盛祺照明科技有限公司 | A kind of battery is the flashlight of super capacitor |
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| CN107046274A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-08-15 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Overvoltage crowbar and terminal device |
| CN106972454A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-07-21 | 顺丰科技有限公司 | High voltage-small current current-limiting circuit, current-limiting protection module and unmanned delivery's equipment |
| CN106972455A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-07-21 | 顺丰科技有限公司 | High voltage-small current current-limiting circuit, current-limiting protection module and unmanned delivery's equipment |
| CN109120052A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-01 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of powersupply system of data acquisition equipment |
| CN109120052B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2024-01-23 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Power supply system of data acquisition equipment |
| CN110429700A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-08 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | A kind of charge-discharge circuit for ammeter |
| CN110957771A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-04-03 | 郑州嘉晨电器有限公司 | Pre-charging failure protection circuit for key switch |
| CN110957771B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2022-03-01 | 河南嘉晨智能控制股份有限公司 | Pre-charging failure protection circuit for key switch |
| CN115242070A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-25 | 海信（广东）空调有限公司 | Air conditioner power control circuit and air conditioner |
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| CN103501031B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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Address after: 250101 A203, block F, entrepreneurship square, Qilu Software Park, No.1 Shunhua Road, high tech Development Zone, Jinan City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Conway Communication Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 250101 Qilu Software Park, No. 1 Shunhua Road, Jinan High-tech Development Zone, Shandong Province, A 203 Patentee before: SHANDONG KANGWEI COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |