CN103501031B - A kind of super capacitor charging control circuit - Google Patents
A kind of super capacitor charging control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103501031B CN103501031B CN201310468764.9A CN201310468764A CN103501031B CN 103501031 B CN103501031 B CN 103501031B CN 201310468764 A CN201310468764 A CN 201310468764A CN 103501031 B CN103501031 B CN 103501031B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit, comprising: input reverse-connection preventing circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, charging constant-current circuit, charging voltage testing circuit; Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit and described ON-OFF control circuit are connected in series, described ON-OFF control circuit and described charging voltage testing circuit are connected in series, and described charging constant-current circuit one end is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit.The motion mechanism of constant current of the present invention and pressure limiting, is determined by the intrinsic physical characteristic of current regulator diode, voltage stabilizing didoe, and does not rely on the normal operation of single-chip microcomputer and program thereof; The present invention does not adopt the linear DC voltage stabilizing circuit of common charging control circuit, and the electric energy loss not having Serial regulation element to bring achieves higher power-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit, particularly relate to a kind of capacitor charging control circuit that effectively can limit charging current and charging upper limit voltage.
Background technology
Super capacitor capacity is large, resistance to be forced down, can high current charge-discharge, often can be configured in the occasion of power supply scarcity, is used for storage power, to drive the load of big current, short-term operation.The stored energy application of super capacitor, usually require to carry out constant small area analysis, charge for a long time, when voltage arrives the upper voltage limit of design, control circuit can automatically shut down charging circuit, stops charging, in order to avoid super capacitor overcharges damage.
Realize above control overflow, traditional way is: input supply voltage is first subject to monolithic processor controlled linear stabilized power supply through one-level, by voltage stabilization near the design upper voltage limit of super capacitor (usually a little more than upper voltage limit), again through one-level constant-current source circuit (be usually that core formed by triode or special chip), constant current charge is carried out to super capacitor; Separately have electric voltage observation circuit (normally ADC analog to digital conversion circuit), the change in voltage of persistent surveillance super capacitor is also reported to single-chip microcomputer, when voltage reaches design upper voltage limit, turns off stabilized voltage power supply, stop charging to super capacitor by Single-chip Controlling.
There is following problem in above-mentioned common charging control circuit: one, highly relies on Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system software and hardware reliability service, and control complicated, reliability is not high; Two, hardware circuit is complicated, high expensive; Three, when input supply voltage differs larger with ultracapacitor design upper voltage limit, power-efficient is not high.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to overcome the above problems, propose a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit, this control circuit structure is simple, safe and reliable, power-efficient is high, do not rely on the normal operation of single-chip microcomputer simultaneously, even if single-chip microcomputer hardware fault or program fleet, be also unlikely to because of overcurrent, overvoltage and cause bust.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of super capacitor charging control circuit, is characterized in that, comprising: input reverse-connection preventing circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, charging constant-current circuit, charging voltage testing circuit; Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit and described ON-OFF control circuit are connected in series, described ON-OFF control circuit and described charging voltage testing circuit are connected in series, and described charging constant-current circuit one end is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit.
The charging enable signal end EN of ON-OFF control circuit is by Single-chip Controlling, and charging enable signal EN is high level, opens charging, and charging enable signal EN is low level, stops charging.
When voltage rise is to design upper voltage limit, no matter whether single-chip microcomputer normally works, and the voltage stabilizing didoe in charging voltage testing circuit all can provide feedback signal to ON-OFF control circuit, and ON-OFF control circuit is turned off, and stops charging.
Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit comprises diode D1 and diode D2; The positive pole of described diode D1 is connected with DC voltage input end Vin, the negative pole of diode D1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit; Plus earth, the negative pole of described diode D2 are connected with the negative pole of described diode D1.
Described ON-OFF control circuit comprises field effect transistor Q1, triode Q2, resistance R1-R4; The source S of described field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described input reverse-connection preventing circuit, the drain D of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described charging constant-current circuit, the grid G of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with one end of resistance R1 and resistance R2 respectively, the source S of the other end access field effect transistor Q1 of described resistance R1, the collector electrode of the other end access triode Q2 of described resistance R2; One end of resistance R4 is connected with the enable control signal EN from single-chip microcomputer, the other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, one end of resistance R3 is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, other end ground connection, grounded emitter, the base stage of triode Q2 are connected with described charging voltage testing circuit.
Described charging constant-current circuit comprises current regulator diode CRD1; One end of described current regulator diode CRD1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit, and described current regulator diode CRD1 is connected to the super capacitor of controlled charging simultaneously.
Described charging voltage testing circuit comprises triode Q3, resistance R5, resistance R6 and voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3; The collector electrode of described triode Q3 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, grounded emitter, one end of described resistance R5 is connected with the base stage of triode Q3, the other end is connected with the positive pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, one end of described resistance R6 is connected with the emitter of triode Q3, the other end is connected with the positive pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, and the negative pole of described voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3 is connected with charging voltage output end vo ut.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the present invention can realize the control to super capacitor charging, simultaneously when charging voltage arrives upper voltage limit, if because certain reason causes single-chip microcomputer operation irregularity, not timely charging Enable Pin to be set low, voltage detecting circuit still can by providing feedback signal to charge switch controlling circuits, charging is stopped, in order to avoid because overcharging the damage causing super capacitor reliably to turn off charge switch.
2. the motion mechanism of constant current of the present invention and pressure limiting, determined by the intrinsic physical characteristic of current regulator diode, voltage stabilizing didoe, and do not rely on the normal operation of single-chip microcomputer and program thereof, even if single-chip microcomputer hardware fault or program fleet, be also unlikely to because of overcurrent, overvoltage and cause bust.
3. the present invention does not adopt the linear DC voltage stabilizing circuit of common charging control circuit, the electric energy loss not having Serial regulation element to bring, and achieves higher power-efficient.
4. circuit of the present invention is simple, safe and reliable, power-efficient is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is circuit diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit, comprises input reverse-connection preventing circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, charging constant-current circuit, charging voltage testing circuit.
Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit is made up of diode D1 and diode D2.First input direct voltage Vin is connected to the charge switch controlling circuits of rear class by input reverse-connection preventing circuit.No matter input direct voltage Vin is inputted by the positive pole of diode D1, or is inputted by the positive pole of diode D2, can ensure the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 being correctly input to rear class charge switch controlling circuits, serve the effect of reverse connecting protection.
Described ON-OFF control circuit comprises field effect transistor Q1, triode Q2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3 and resistance R4.The source S of described field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described input reverse-connection preventing circuit, the drain D of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described charging constant-current circuit, the grid G of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with one end of resistance R1 and resistance R2 respectively, the source S of the other end access field effect transistor Q1 of described resistance R1, the collector electrode of the other end access triode Q2 of described resistance R2; One end of resistance R4 is connected with the enable control signal EN from single-chip microcomputer, the other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, one end of resistance R3 is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, other end ground connection, grounded emitter, the base stage of triode Q2 are connected with described charging voltage testing circuit.
Described charging constant-current circuit comprises current regulator diode CRD1.One end of current regulator diode CRD1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, accesses charging voltage output end vo ut, be connected to the super capacitor of controlled charging simultaneously after the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit.By charging constant-current circuit, can realize with constant electric current as super capacitor charges.
Described charging voltage testing circuit, comprises triode Q3, resistance R5, resistance R6, voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3.Charging voltage Vout is connected with the negative pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, and the positive pole of DZ3 is connected with one end of resistance R6 respectively at resistance R5; The other end ground connection of resistance R6; The other end of resistance R5 is connected with the base stage of triode Q3; The grounded emitter of triode Q3; The collector electrode of triode Q3 is connected with the points of common connection of resistance R3 and resistance R4 respectively.
The charging Enable Pin EN of ON-OFF control circuit is by Single-chip Controlling, and charging enable signal EN is high level, opens charging, and charging enable signal EN is low level, stops charging.
When voltage rise is to design upper voltage limit, voltage detecting circuit provides feedback signal to charge switch controlling circuits, and ON-OFF control circuit turns off.Concrete course of action is: when voltage does not reach design upper limit piezoelectricity, and voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3 not conducting, is equivalent to open circuit; When voltage rise is to design upper voltage limit, the reverse conducting of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, enters voltage stabilizing operating state, the voltage of DZ3 anode can progressively raise, and this voltage is added to the base stage of triode Q3 through R5, makes Q3 conducting, the base voltage of Q2 drags down by the conducting of Q3, Q2 and Q1 is turned off in succession.Therefore, when charging voltage arrives upper voltage limit, if because certain reason causes single-chip microcomputer operation irregularity, not timely charging Enable Pin to be set low, voltage detecting circuit still can by providing feedback signal to charge switch controlling circuits, shutdown switch control circuit, stops charging, in order to avoid because overcharging the damage causing super capacitor.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a super capacitor charging control circuit, is characterized in that, comprising: input reverse-connection preventing circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, charging constant-current circuit, charging voltage testing circuit; Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit and described ON-OFF control circuit are connected in series, described ON-OFF control circuit and described charging voltage testing circuit are connected in series, and described charging constant-current circuit one end is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit; The charging enable signal end EN of ON-OFF control circuit is by Single-chip Controlling;
When voltage rise is to design upper voltage limit, no matter whether single-chip microcomputer normally works, and the voltage stabilizing didoe in charging voltage testing circuit all can provide feedback signal to ON-OFF control circuit, and ON-OFF control circuit is turned off, and stops charging;
Described ON-OFF control circuit comprises field effect transistor Q1, triode Q2, resistance R1-resistance R4; The source S of described field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described input reverse-connection preventing circuit, the drain D of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with described charging constant-current circuit, the grid G of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with one end of resistance R1 and resistance R2 respectively, the source S of the other end access field effect transistor Q1 of described resistance R1, the collector electrode of the other end access triode Q2 of described resistance R2; One end of resistance R4 is connected with the enable control signal EN from single-chip microcomputer, the other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, one end of resistance R3 is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, other end ground connection, grounded emitter, the base stage of triode Q2 are connected with described charging voltage testing circuit;
Described input reverse-connection preventing circuit comprises diode D1 and diode D2; The positive pole of described diode D1 is connected with DC voltage input end Vin, the negative pole of diode D1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit; Plus earth, the negative pole of described diode D2 are connected with the negative pole of described diode D1.
2. a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described charging constant-current circuit comprises current regulator diode CRD1; One end of described current regulator diode CRD1 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, the other end is connected with the output of charging voltage testing circuit, and described current regulator diode CRD1 is connected to the super capacitor of controlled charging simultaneously.
3. a kind of super capacitor charging control circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described charging voltage testing circuit comprises triode Q3, resistance R5, resistance R6 and voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3; The collector electrode of described triode Q3 is connected with ON-OFF control circuit, grounded emitter, one end of described resistance R5 is connected with the base stage of triode Q3, the other end is connected with the positive pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, one end of described resistance R6 is connected with the emitter of triode Q3, the other end is connected with the positive pole of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3, and the negative pole of described voltage stabilizing didoe DZ3 is connected with charging voltage output end vo ut.
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| CN201310468764.9A CN103501031B (en) | 2013-10-09 | 2013-10-09 | A kind of super capacitor charging control circuit |
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| CN201310468764.9A CN103501031B (en) | 2013-10-09 | 2013-10-09 | A kind of super capacitor charging control circuit |
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| CN103501031A CN103501031A (en) | 2014-01-08 |
| CN103501031B true CN103501031B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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| CN103957633A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-30 | 桂林市啄木鸟医疗器械有限公司 | Single-capacitor power supply circuit of photo-curing machine LED lamp |
| CN104410124A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二六研究所 | Device for constant current charge of energy-storage capacitor of depth finder |
| CN105914808A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-31 | 天津市畅悦电子科技有限公司 | Output pulse control circuit applied to activating device |
| CN107062030B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2022-11-29 | 东莞市盛祺照明科技有限公司 | Electric torch with super capacitor battery |
| CN108281991A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of circuit protection circuit, method and power cable |
| CN107046274A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-08-15 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Overvoltage crowbar and terminal device |
| CN106972455A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-07-21 | 顺丰科技有限公司 | High voltage-small current current-limiting circuit, current-limiting protection module and unmanned delivery's equipment |
| CN106972454A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-07-21 | 顺丰科技有限公司 | High voltage-small current current-limiting circuit, current-limiting protection module and unmanned delivery's equipment |
| CN109120052B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2024-01-23 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Power supply system of data acquisition equipment |
| CN110429700A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-08 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | A kind of charge-discharge circuit for ammeter |
| CN110957771B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2022-03-01 | 河南嘉晨智能控制股份有限公司 | Pre-charging failure protection circuit for key switch |
| CN115242070A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-25 | 海信（广东）空调有限公司 | Air conditioner power control circuit and air conditioner |
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| CN202663092U (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-01-09 | 吴雯雯 | Circuit protecting battery against overcharge |
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| US5982652A (en) * | 1998-07-14 | 1999-11-09 | American Power Conversion | Method and apparatus for providing uninterruptible power using a power controller and a redundant power controller |
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| CN201290069Y (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2009-08-12 | 陕西华凌电器有限公司 | Commutation voltage regulator for motorcycle |
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Address after: 250101 A203, block F, entrepreneurship square, Qilu Software Park, No.1 Shunhua Road, high tech Development Zone, Jinan City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Conway Communication Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 250101 Qilu Software Park, No. 1 Shunhua Road, Jinan High-tech Development Zone, Shandong Province, A 203 Patentee before: SHANDONG KANGWEI COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |