CN103498445B - Low-middle water head dam adopting telescopic pipe type layering water taking - Google Patents
Low-middle water head dam adopting telescopic pipe type layering water taking Download PDFInfo
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- CN103498445B CN103498445B CN201310467327.5A CN201310467327A CN103498445B CN 103498445 B CN103498445 B CN 103498445B CN 201310467327 A CN201310467327 A CN 201310467327A CN 103498445 B CN103498445 B CN 103498445B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-middle water head dam adopting telescopic pipe type layering water taking. The low-middle water head dam comprises a dam body, a water inlet section is arranged in the middle of the dam body, and vertical shafts are arranged on the two sides of the water inlet section respectively. A horizontal water inlet pipeline is arranged in the water inlet section and communicated with the vertical shafts on the two sides through longitudinal water inlet pipelines. Each vertical shaft is composed of an inner vertical shaft and an outer vertical shaft. Slide rails are arranged in the inner vertical shaft in the vertical direction, rail-mounted lifters are installed on the slide rails, and connecting parts, trash holding covers, horn-shaped connecting pipes and telescopic pipes are sequentially connected between the rail-mounted lifters and the longitudinal water inlet pipelines. Valves are arranged between the telescopic pipes and the longitudinal water inlet pipelines. A service gate is arranged in the horizontal water inlet pipeline. The low-middle water head dam can take water in different depths, and the temperature range of the water taking is enlarged. Flexibility, safety and stability of the water taking operation are improved. The low-middle water head dam can be widely used for a low-middle water head layering type reservoir and meet water demands of the downstream of the reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping, belong to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering technical field.
Background technology
Have both at home and abroad at present a collection of built, building or large reservoir yet to be built, these reservoirs bring tremendous economic social benefit, along with the enhancing of environmental consciousness, reservoir is also well known gradually on the impact of water environment.After reservoir filling, reservoir area has formed huge waters, and it not only can regulate discharge of river amount, and the heat energy in storehouse is played to regulating action.The impacts such as the physicochemical property of climate variation, come in and go out flowing water temperature, evaporation and water, reservoir has formed distinctive thermal field.In evaluating according to the existing Environment of Reservoirs impact of China, be less than 10 if on average put for many years the ratio of run-off and aggregate storage capacity in storage, this reservoir is typical Stratified reservoir.
The water temperature structure of some deep water type reservoirs is throughout the year in stratification state, take domestic certain typical layering reservoir as example, analyze according to vertical water temperature field data before dam for many years, 1-3 month, reservoir is in period of freezing winter, and before dam, water temperature structure is inversion distribution, and storehouse table water temperature approaches 0.0 ℃, bottom of the reservior water temperature maintains 3.0 ℃～4.0 ℃ scopes, and vertical mean temperature difference is 3.7 ℃ of left and right.In April, along with the rising of temperature, reservoir surface is thawed gradually, and table cold water in storehouse is under the effect of temperature raising period temperature, solar radiation, and surface water obtains heat and water temperature raises gradually, the vertical Isothermal Condition that is substantially, and top layer and the bottom of the reservior temperature difference are 1.1 ℃.After May, along with temperature raises gradually, surface water continues heat absorption, forms gradually under water thermocline within the scope of 20-30m, and reservoir enters stratification state.7, August, reservoir area surface water temperature rises to the highest, reaches 26.6 ℃, and the vertical water body temperature difference in reservoir area also reaches maximum value, 18.5 ℃ of left and right, and the temperature difference mainly concentrates under water in 30m.Start September, along with mercury dropped, water body skin temperature reduces, the top layer cold water that density is larger sinks gradually, and with lower floor's warm water convection current blending, form the large upset of reservoir in autumn, stratosphere thickness increases gradually, bottom of the reservior water temperature continues slowly to raise, and the vertical temperature difference reduces, and approximately forms vertical Isothermal Condition for the second time to November.Lasting temperature reduces makes surface water continue cooling sinking, and when reservoir area surface temperature is down to 4.0 ℃ of left and right, surface water continues loss of heat, and vertical formation inversion distributes, and when surface water is further down to after 0.0 ℃, the icing freeze-up formation ice sheet of reservoir enters freezeup period.
For these typical Stratified reservoirs, power station is in running, and water intaking elevation determines water intaking water temperature.In recent years, along with the enhancing day by day of ecological environmental protection consciousness, take the measure of stratified pumping to solve the contradiction of letting out between demand water temperature under water temperature of reservoir layering and reservoir for large scale deep-water reservoir and approved by building environmental administration gradually.Adopt power station stratified pumping, object is selectively to descend the water body of sluicing storehouse different temperatures layer, and then controls the lower temperature that sluices, to meet the demands such as water supply, irrigation, the aquatic Biotope Landscape in downstream.
Current big-and-middle-sized reservoir adopts Stoplog gate control hierarchy water-supply method, multilayer intake stratified pumping mode etc. more, also has some small hydraulic projects to adopt the water-supply method of burying multilayer intake pipe in dam underground.Stoplog gate stratified pumping mode is mainly let out down top layer high temperature water, and adjustable is low, poor for applicability for multiple target water intake engineering, and downstream ecology environment is produced to impact to a certain degree; Multilayer intake water-supply method, high temperature water is mainly got in hole, top layer, and bottom outlet is mainly got water at low temperature, but bottom outlet vent flow is limited, and protects the cold biology of happiness can cause generated energy significantly to reduce with the bottom outlet colder current in reservoir bottom of releasing; In dam, bury the stratified pumping dam of multilayer intake pipe underground, be only suitable for the situation of low discharge, low water head, mainly meet municipal administration and industrial water use requirement.For the middle low water head reservoir below 70m, the function that above-mentioned water-supply method all cannot be realized the water intaking of specified temp layer and regulate in moving water.
Therefore, need at present a kind of stratified pumping dam that water temperature range is large, the property adjusted is good, applicability is wide, power benefit is high of fetching water badly, allow the different depth water intaking of power station at reservoir, and the lower temperature that sluices meets ecological environment and the agricultural irrigation requirement in downstream.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping is provided, can realize different depth water intaking, expanded the temperature range of water intaking; Flexibility, the safety and stability of water intaking operation are improved; Quick and easy for installation, reduce difficulty and the complexity of constructing, can be widely used in middle low water head Stratified reservoir, meet the water demand in reservoir downstream.
Technical scheme: a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping of the present invention, comprise dam body, the middle part of described dam body is provided with inlet segment, the upper and lower both sides of described inlet segment are respectively equipped with vertical shaft, described vertical shaft is made up of the interior vertical shaft of outer vertical shaft and connection with it, and described outer vertical shaft is communicated with reservoir;
In described inlet segment, be provided with horizontal water inflow pipeline, described horizontal water inflow device for cleaning pipeline is crossed longitudinal inlet channel and is communicated with the vertical shaft of both sides;
In described interior vertical shaft, be vertically provided with sliding rail, rail mounted hoist is installed on described sliding rail, between described rail mounted hoist and longitudinal inlet channel, be connected with connector in turn, block dirty cover, tubaeform tube connector and telescopic tube, between described telescopic tube and longitudinal inlet channel, be provided with valve;
The water inlet of described outer vertical shaft and horizontal water inflow pipeline is provided with trashrack, in described horizontal water inflow pipeline, is provided with Service gate, between the trashrack and longitudinal inlet channel of described Service gate in water inlet.
Further improve technique scheme, described telescopic tube is made up of the single-unit pipe fitting of multiple different-diameters, wherein: except the pipe fitting of internal segment, other pipe fittings are near being provided with circumferential clasp between its immediate inner side pipe fitting in the one end of blocking dirty cover, and single-unit pipe fittings all in described telescopic tube are equipped with near the port outside of valve the flange matching with circumferential clasp.
Further, in the single-unit pipe fitting of described telescopic tube, except outermost pipe joint part, the flange outer sides on other pipe fittings and the inner side of all circumferential clasps all arrange O type ring sealing device.
Further, in the single-unit pipe fitting of described telescopic tube, except outermost pipe joint part, on other pipe fitting sidewalls, having outfall near lugs position place, in described drain hole, be provided with one way valve.
Further improve technique scheme, described horizontal water inflow pipeline is provided with maintenance valve away from one end of reservoir.
As preferably, described valve is large-scale water inlet butterfly valve, can control the water draw rate size of telescopic tube.
As preferably, described outer vertical shaft and the ducted trashrack of horizontal water inflow are integral type structure, run through inlet segment and upper and lower both sides vertical shaft thereof.
As preferably, the cross section of described vertical shaft is convex shape, and the cross section of described outer vertical shaft is rectangle, and the cross section of interior vertical shaft is square.
As preferably, described telescopic tube adopts steel skeleton plastic clad pipe, and compared with steel sleeve pipe, steel skeleton plastic clad pipe has significantly reduced rolled steel dosage, reduces the weight of telescopic tube.
Compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is in the present invention: the present invention arranges two telescopic tubes, drives telescopic tube to move up and down by rail mounted hoist, can realize different depth water intaking, has expanded the temperature range of water intaking; Steel skeleton plastic clad pipe substitutes steel telescopic tube, has reduced the use amount of steel, has reduced construction costs, has reduced the difficulty of installing; Strengthened the sealing effectiveness of sleeve pipe, in the time that telescopic tube is flexible, the existence of drain hole and one way valve, can be discharged to the water between two joint rings in pipeline, makes dam operate more flexible, stable, safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal profile schematic diagram of a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the AA generalized section of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is snap ring and O type ring sealing device schematic diagram described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is drain hole and one way valve schematic diagram described in embodiment 1.
In figure: 1, dam body, 2, vertical shaft, 3, sliding rail, 4, rail mounted hoist, 5, connector, 6, block dirty cover, 7, tubaeform tube connector, 8, telescopic tube, 9, circumferential clasp, 10, O type ring sealing device, 11, drain hole, 12, valve, 13, inlet segment, 14, Service gate, 15, trashrack, 16, Emergency Gate, 17, flange, 18, one way valve, 19, longitudinal inlet channel, 20, horizontal water inflow pipeline, 21, portal crane, 22, rectangle vertical shaft, 23, square vertical shaft.
The specific embodiment
Below technical solution of the present invention is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping comprises dam body 1, be provided with the highly inlet segment 13 for 9m at dam body 1 middle part, at inlet segment middle part, horizontal direction is provided with the horizontal water inflow pipeline 20 that diameter is 3m, be respectively equipped with in the upper and lower both sides of inlet segment and be communicated with reservoir and be highly the convex shape vertical shaft of 40m, this convex shape vertical shaft is 7.3m by close reservoir side downbeam length, the cross section that dam is 8.4m to length is that the cross section of rectangular rectangle vertical shaft and connection is with it the foursquare square vertical shaft composition of length of side 9m, the vertical shaft of described inlet segment both sides is by being connected with longitudinal inlet channel of horizontal water inflow pipeline communication, it is apart from the water inlet 13.1m of horizontal water inflow pipeline, the diameter of described longitudinal inlet channel is 3.4m, be highly 3m.
On square vertical shaft inwall, be symmetrical arranged along downbeam the sliding rail 3 that four length are 38.3m, the highly rail mounted hoist 4 for 2m is set on sliding rail 3, rail mounted hoist 4 can slide up and down along sliding rail 3, connector 5 and diameter that rail mounted hoist 4 is 1.8m by length are 4.45m, highly for the dirty cover 6 of blocking of 2.23m is hinged and connected, blocking dirty cover 6 is weldingly connected with the tubaeform tube connector 7 of highly growing for 0.7m, tubaeform tube connector 7 is connected by the bolt of 40 M27*90 with the internal segment of telescopic tube 8, the outer segment casing of telescopic tube 8 is that the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve 12 of 3.8m is connected by flange and diameter, large-scale water inlet butterfly valve 12 is fixed on the two ends of longitudinal inlet pipeline by the stone bolt of 50 M30 × 800, horizontal water inflow pipeline 20 leading portions arrange trashrack 15 and Service gate 14, back segment arranges Emergency Gate 16, trashrack is 4m by 20 sections of height, width is that 8.6m trashrack is formed by stacking, run through the rectangle vertical shaft 22 of inlet segment and upper and lower both sides thereof, Service gate 14 is highly 5m, width is 8.6m, open and close by portal crane 21, control the water inlet of middle part horizontal water inflow pipeline 20, Emergency Gate 16 is measure-alike with Service gate 14, in the time of unit maintenance, closes.
In the present embodiment, telescopic tube 8 is steel skeleton plastic clad pipe, and compared with steel sleeve pipe, steel skeleton plastic clad pipe has significantly reduced rolled steel dosage, reduces the overall weight of telescopic tube 8.Telescopic tube 8 is to be made up of the single-unit pipe fitting of multiple different-diameters, telescopic tube 8 is except internal segment pipe fitting, other pipe fittings are near being provided with circumferential clasp 9 between its immediate inner side pipe fitting in the one end of blocking dirty cover 6, and the interior all single-unit pipe fittings of described telescopic tube 8 are equipped with near the port outside of valve 12 flange 17 that the radical length that matches with circumferential clasp is 10cm.
In the single-unit pipe fitting of described telescopic tube 8, except outermost pipe joint part, flange 17 outsides on other pipe fittings and the inner side of all circumferential clasps 9 all arrange O type ring sealing device 10.In the single-unit pipe fitting of described telescopic tube 8, except outermost pipe joint part, on other pipe fitting sidewalls, having drain hole 11 near flange 17 positions, in described drain hole 11, be provided with one way valve 18.The all parts of telescopic tube 8 and measure-alike in two convex shape vertical shafts, but arranged direction is contrary.
In the time that reality is used, rail mounted hoist 4 is free to slide along sliding rail 3, thereby drives whole telescopic tube 8 along vertical flexible, according to the demand of water intaking temperature, tubaeform tube connector 7 is fixed on certain fixing elevation, the single-unit pipe range of telescopic tube 8, pipeline joint number determine by the reservoir degree of depth, water intaking water temperature, and in the present embodiment, telescopic tube has three joints, every joint length 10m, internal segment pipe fitting external diameter is 3m, and middle pipe fitting external diameter is 3.4m, outermost pipe joint part external diameter 3.8m.Because Underwater Pressure is larger, O type ring sealing device 10 can not hinder the seepage of water completely, and in the time that rail mounted hoist 4 moves up and down, the water infiltrating between adjacent channel wall can hinder the motion of telescopic tube 8.Therefore, flange 17 tops arrange two drain holes that are arranged symmetrically with 11, and the one way valve 18 that diameter is 5cm is set in hole.Now, when flexible pipeline 8 moves, between tube wall, the water of seepage can, by drain hole 11 flow ipes, due to the existence of one way valve 18, guarantee the one-way of water flow.
The middle low water head dam of employing telescopic type stratified pumping of the present invention comprises dam body, total three intakes of upper, middle and lower, according to the needs of water intaking, total upper, middle and lower, upper four kinds of intakes combination, and the difference of telescopic tube elevation makes the water temperature combination of water intaking more diversified.Four kinds of corresponding four kinds of operation conditions of intake combination:
The first operating mode: only open the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in top, close the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in Service gate and bottom, water enters successively top convex shape vertical shaft, blocks dirty cover, tubaeform tube connector, top telescopic tube, the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in top, dam interior conduit, unit from reservoir, rail mounted hoist moves up and down, and obtains the water of top layer fine water.
The second operating mode: only Service gate is opened, and closes the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in upper and lower part, water flows into unit from middle part horizontal water inflow pipeline, obtains the water at reservoir middle part.
The 3rd operating mode: only open the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in bottom, close the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in top and Service gate, water enters successively bottom convex shape vertical shaft, blocks dirty cover, tubaeform tube connector, bottom telescopic tube, the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in bottom, dam interior conduit, unit from reservoir, along with rail mounted hoist moves up and down, mode by siphon is fetched water, obtain the water at low temperature of reservoir bottom, but it is very high that this sealing performance to the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in top and Service gate requires, realize thus the siphon intake of high suction depth, Large Diameter Pipeline.
The 4th operating mode: open the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in top, Service gate, close bottom water inlet butterfly valve, obtain reservoir mixing water at the middle and upper levels, reservoir top water temperature is high, water quality good, reservoir middle part water temperature is low, water quality inferiority, the water obtaining, both can meet water quality, the water temperature requirement in downstream, also can improve the water quality of reservoir.
Known a certain reservoir, normal pool level is 150m, corresponding storage capacity is 32.4 hundred million m
3; Level of dead water 76.8m, corresponding storage capacity is 22.3 hundred million m
3, there is adjusting function for many years.Because position, the reservoir regulation mode etc. of amount and water temperature thereof, intake are come in solar radiation, reservoir form, upstream, make the water temperature of reservoir in the obvious stratification of vertical existence.
Distribution of water temperature before known this reservoir dam is as shown in table 1 below:
Vertical water temperature result before table 1 reservoir dam
As shown in Table 1, before dam in August, distribution of water temperature situation is as follows: 0～8m is isothermal layer, and upper and lower distribution of water temperature is more even; 8～36m is thermocline, and within the scope of this depth of water, variations in temperature is violent, and depth of water 36m is stagnant temperature layer below, and water temperature is substantially unchanged.
If reservoir downstream needs the water of 29 ℃ as the iirigation water source of paddy rice, should open the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in top, by portal crane close Service gate, Hydraulically Operated Equipment is closed the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in bottom.It is within the scope of 146.8～153.4m that upper track formula hoist moves to water level, intakes by the mode of gravity flow.
If river course, reservoir downstream water temperature over-high, causes its oxygen content low, need the water of 15 ℃ badly to improve the water quality in downstream, should close the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in bottom, by portal crane open Service gate, Hydraulically Operated Equipment is opened the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in top.It is within the scope of 135.5～141.4m that upper track formula hoist moves to water level, and upper, middle part water inlet is intake by the mode of gravity flow.In order to obtain suitable water temperature and water quality, the aperture of adjustable large-scale water inlet butterfly valve and gate, obtains required water source.If when downstream is higher to water quality requirement, can suitably improve by rail mounted hoist the elevation of top water inlet, obtain the water of better quality with this, to meet the water demand in downstream.
If reservoir downstream needs the water of 10 ℃ as cooling water, should open the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in bottom, by portal crane close Service gate, Hydraulically Operated Equipment is closed the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in top.It is within the scope of 92.2～120.3m that lower tracks formula hoist moves to water level, and lower water inlet is intake by the mode of siphon.
Under different operating modes, water inlet Service gate, different aperture and the elevations of large-scale water inlet butterfly valve, the water temperature of the water of acquisition, water quality are also different.In concrete enforcement, according to layering rule and the water demand of water temperature, select suitable telescopic tube length and joint number and suitable operating mode and the aperture of gate, obtain satisfactory water, to meet the demand of reservoir downstream ecology environment and agricultural irrigation.
Note: convex shape vertical shaft, telescopic tube, large-scale water inlet butterfly valve be according to the position with respect to inlet segment, upside be called top convex shape vertical shaft, top telescopic tube, the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in top; Downside be called bottom convex shape vertical shaft, bottom telescopic tube, the large-scale water inlet butterfly valve in bottom.
As mentioned above, although represented and explained the present invention with reference to specific preferred embodiment, it shall not be construed as the restriction to the present invention self.Not departing under the spirit and scope of the present invention prerequisite of claims definition, can make in the form and details various variations to it.
Claims (9)
1. a middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping, comprises dam body, it is characterized in that:
The middle part of described dam body is provided with inlet segment, and the upper and lower both sides of described inlet segment are respectively equipped with vertical shaft, and described vertical shaft is made up of the interior vertical shaft of outer vertical shaft and connection with it, and described outer vertical shaft is communicated with reservoir;
In described inlet segment, be provided with horizontal water inflow pipeline, described horizontal water inflow device for cleaning pipeline is crossed longitudinal inlet channel and is communicated with the vertical shaft of both sides;
In described interior vertical shaft, be vertically provided with sliding rail, rail mounted hoist is installed on described sliding rail, between described rail mounted hoist and longitudinal inlet channel, be connected with connector in turn, block dirty cover, tubaeform tube connector and telescopic tube, between described telescopic tube and longitudinal inlet channel, be provided with valve;
The water inlet of described outer vertical shaft and horizontal water inflow pipeline is provided with trashrack, in described horizontal water inflow pipeline, is provided with Service gate, between the trashrack and longitudinal inlet channel of described Service gate in water inlet.
2. a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described telescopic tube is made up of the single-unit pipe fitting of multiple different-diameters, wherein: except the pipe fitting of internal segment, other pipe fittings are near being provided with circumferential clasp between its immediate inner side pipe fitting in the one end of blocking dirty cover, and single-unit pipe fittings all in described telescopic tube are equipped with near the port outside of valve the flange matching with circumferential clasp.
3. a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the single-unit pipe fitting of described telescopic tube, except outermost pipe joint part, the flange outer sides on other pipe fittings and the inner side of all circumferential clasps all arrange O type ring sealing device.
4. according to a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: in the single-unit pipe fitting of described telescopic tube, except outermost pipe joint part, on other pipe fitting sidewalls, having outfall near lugs position place, in described drain hole, be provided with one way valve.
5. a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described horizontal water inflow pipeline is provided with maintenance valve away from one end of reservoir.
6. a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described valve is large-scale water inlet butterfly valve.
7. a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described outer vertical shaft and the ducted trashrack of horizontal water inflow are integral type structure, runs through inlet segment and upper and lower both sides vertical shaft thereof.
8. a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cross section of described vertical shaft is convex shape, and the cross section of described outer vertical shaft is rectangle, and the cross section of interior vertical shaft is square.
9. a kind of middle low water head dam that adopts telescopic type stratified pumping according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described telescopic tube adopts steel skeleton plastic clad pipe.
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| JP2020513204A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2020-05-07 | イクソム オペレーションズ ピーティーワイ エルティーディー | System and method for selective collection of stored water |
| CA3052249A1 (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2018-08-09 | Ixom Operations Pty Ltd | System and method for selectively harvesting storage water |
| CN107345413B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2023-04-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Non-gate control layered water taking device and method |
| CN109235390B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2021-03-16 | 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Hydraulic type surface automatic water taking device |
| CN110009193B (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-09-21 | 华北水利水电大学 | Reservoir ecological scheduling method considering suitable growth of downstream agricultural crops |
| CN110552330B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2024-09-10 | 扬州大学 | River gate with layered water taking function and working method thereof |
| CN114790722A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-26 | 广西壮族自治区水利科学研究院 | Automatic water intake device for ecological flow |
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