High-strength light brominated butyl rubber airtight material and its production and use
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the synthetic field of organic chemical industry, relate in particular to the processing of high strength high-air-tightness elastomeric material, belong to material and synthesize and manufacture field.
Background technology
Brominated butyl rubber is the brominated product of isoprene-isobutylene rubber, has good resistance to air loss, curability and ageing-resistant performance, generally is used as airtight material.Especially be widely used in the doughnut inner tube of a tyre, air cushion, wear ring, gas storage material etc.The method for preparing at present the close property of brominated butyl rubber material is: present stage, general working method was the sulfuration of use zinc oxide vulcanization system, using carbon black or white carbon black as the mechanical strength of strengthening agent Reinforced Rubber, add softening agent, anti-aging agent etc. to improve use properties.The defect existed is: traditional diamond-making technique generally adds 30-80 part carbon black or white carbon black to cook strengthening agent, and too much mineral filler has increased density and the hardness of rubber, has destroyed the resistance to air loss of rubber, in addition, also easily causes dust pollution in the course of processing; In order to reduce hardness, excessive interpolation softening agent often reduces the work-ing life of rubber.
Graphene is novel two-dimentional monoatomic layer material, and its thickness is only the thickness 0.335nm of a carbon atom.The Graphene lattice has six side's symmetry, and in Graphene, each carbon atom forms covalent linkage by sp2 hydridization and adjacent three carbon atoms, forms monatomic laminated structure.And Graphene is due to its unique character, the mechanical property of the Graphene of structural integrity can be up to 1.06T pa, and it has high aspect ratio, is allowed to condition to intercept the gas aspect good performance is arranged.With the compound aspects such as its mechanical property strengthens, increase electroconductibility that make of polymkeric substance, having broad application prospects.But the preparation cost of Graphene is high, easy reunion is stable existence under general condition, has greatly limited it in industrial application.Modified graphene oxide has overcome the dispersion stabilization shortcoming of Graphene, and low production cost, is easy to industry and promotes.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of production and processing method of take the brominated butyl rubber Novel air tight material that a kind of intensity is high as prepared by main raw material(s), resistance to air loss good, the toughener consumption is few, density is little.This material can be widely used in every field, the field that is particularly useful for resistance to air loss is had relatively high expectations.
For achieving the above object, airtight material of the present invention is that 100 parts of brominated butyl rubbers are fully dissolved and are distributed in 0-2 part (not comprising 0 part) modified graphene oxide, then adds 6 parts of zinc oxide, 1.5 parts of stearic acid (being called for short SA), 0.3 part of promotor 2,2'-dithio-bis-benzothiazole (being called for short DM) and 0.4 part of accelerant disulfide tetra methylthiuram (abbreviation TMTD) banburying and sulfuration to form; Above-mentioned umber refers to weight part; Wherein the preparation method of modified graphene oxide is:
The graphene oxide of quality and the stearylamine water-soluble and N respectively such as get, in dinethylformamide (being called for short DMF), then two kinds of liquid mixing are reacted under 100 ℃ to backflow 22h, through vacuum filtration, ethanol cleans suction filtration, be placed under 60 ℃ of vacuum drying ovens and be dried to constant weight, obtain the stearylamine grafted graphene oxide, claim again modified graphene oxide.
The preparation method of airtight material of the present invention is:
The first step: raw material is prepared
Raw material comprises 0.3 part of 100 parts of brominated butyl rubbers, modified graphene oxide 0-2 part (not comprising 0 part), 6 parts, zinc oxide, 1.5 parts of stearic acid, 0.4 part of Vulcanization accelerator TMTD and altax;
Second step: modified graphene oxide is scattered in rubber
Ratio by brominated butyl rubber according to 1:10 is dissolved in cyclohexane solvent, adds modified graphene oxide, fully stirs ultrasonic dispersion, in vacuum drying oven, under 60 ℃ of conditions, is dried to constant weight;
The 3rd step: mixing and lower
At room temperature, by vulcanizing agent zinc oxide, vulcanizing agent stearic acid, Vulcanization accelerator TMTD together with altax in Banbury mixer with the blend of second step product, and at the mill fluctuating plate;
The 4th step: sulfuration
By the 3rd step mixing material on vulkameter with sulfuration under 175 ℃, the condition of 10MPa 5 minutes, make the high-strength light airtight material.
After testing: the performance index of rubber of the present invention are as follows:
Tensile strength: 5.7-9.9Mpa(examination criteria: GB/T528-1998)
Elongation rate of tensile failure: 680-1081%(examination criteria: GB/T528-1998)
Density: 0.92-0.95g/cm
3
Shore a hardness: 27-32 degree (examination criteria: GB531-1999)
Oxygen permeability coefficient: 0.30-0.60cc*mm/m
2-d-mmHg(examination criteria: ASTM D3985,60 ℃)
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention is by the standby graphene oxide of graphite-made, technique is simply with low cost, graphene oxide can well disperse, the oxy radicals such as abundant carboxyl, hydroxyl, epoxy group(ing) are contained on its surface, being conducive to its lamella disperses and further surface modification, by the different surfaces to graphene oxide remodeling, can make all the other different polymkeric substance such as rubber well compound.
(2) the present invention is on the production and processing method basis of traditional airtight material, replace traditional strengthening agent carbon black with the remodeling graphene oxide, by solution method, add strengthening agent, can add in the rubber production stage, simplify production process, reduced dust pollution, promoted environmental protection.
(3) nano-grade size and the constructional feature due to Graphene makes add-on seldom just can obtain good reinforcing effect.0.5-5 the add-on of part can meet or exceed the reinforcing effect of 50 parts of add-ons of conventional carbon black.Due to the interpolation that has reduced mineral filler, greatly reduce density and the hardness of airtight material, reduced the use of softening agent.
(4) due to the monolithic layer structure of Graphene, it has high aspect ratio, and making it be dispersed in rubber has good barrier properties for gases, can well strengthen the resistance to air loss of brominated butyl rubber.Make brominated butyl rubber to be applied in resistance to air loss is required to harsh special occasions.As the battle wagon inner tube of a tyre, high pressure gas holder encapsulation, hydrogen storage material etc.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the monolithic layer structure that under the projection Electronic Speculum, graphene oxide disperses in DMF.
Fig. 2 is the lower 1.5 parts of modified graphene oxide distributions in brominated butyl rubber of scanning electron microscope.
Embodiment:
Further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, rather than limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment mono-
Proportioning raw materials is: comprise 0.3 part of 100 parts of brominated butyl rubbers, 1.5 parts of modified graphene oxides, 6 parts, zinc oxide, 1.5 parts of stearic acid, 0.4 part of Vulcanization accelerator TMTD and altax;
The preparation method is:
The first step: prepare modified graphene oxide
Graphene oxide and the stearylamine of quality such as take, then graphene oxide is placed in to beaker and adds water to disperse 3h to obtain uniform dispersion liquid in the concussion of 100W power ultrasonic; Stearylamine fully is dissolved in to the middle placement of dimethyl formamide (being called for short DMF) standby, general 1g stearylamine needs the 100ml dimethyl formamide; Two kinds of liquid rotatings obtained above are moved in there-necked flask to reaction backflow 22h under 100 ℃, by the product vacuum filtration, and clean suction filtration 5 times with ethanol, be placed under 60 ℃ of vacuum drying ovens and be dried to constant weight, can obtain modified graphene oxide;
Second step: modified graphene oxide is scattered in rubber
Brominated butyl rubber is dissolved in cyclohexane solvent, adds 0.5 part of modified graphene oxide, fully stir ultrasonic dispersion, in vacuum drying oven, under 60 ℃ of conditions, be dried to constant weight;
The 3rd step: mixing and lower
At room temperature, by vulcanizing agent zinc oxide, vulcanizing agent stearic acid, Vulcanization accelerator TMTD together with altax in Banbury mixer with the blend of second step product, and at the mill fluctuating plate;
The 4th step: sulfuration
By the 3rd step mixing material on vulkameter with sulfuration under 175 ℃, the condition of 10MPa 5 minutes, make the high-strength light airtight material.
After testing, the mechanical property parameters of embodiment mono-airtight material is:
Tensile strength: 9.77Mpa
Elongation rate of tensile failure: 1074%
Shore a hardness: 30 degree
Density: 0.94g/cm
3
Oxygen permeability coefficient: 0.35cc*mm/m2-d-mmHg
Embodiment bis-, three, four and embodiment mono-are basic identical, and different is the umber that has changed modified graphene oxide, and the preparation method is shown in embodiment mono-.In each embodiment, the material property situation of the concrete proportioning of each component and preparation is in Table 1.
In order to further illustrate advantage of the present invention, now utilize traditional white carbon black to replace modified graphene of the present invention to prepare brominated butyl rubber airtight material of the present invention as strengthening agent, the material mechanical parameters of each component proportion and preparation is in Table an embodiment 5.
As can be seen from the table: than traditional strengthening agent reinforcement, use modified graphene oxide reinforcement brominated butyl rubber, can effectively reduce the density and hardness of rubber, improve rubber air tightness and reduce dust pollution.The usage quantity of rubber be can greatly reduce under identical resistance to air loss requires, thereby product weight and cost reduced.
Fig. 1 is the monolithic layer structure iron that under transmission electron microscope, graphene oxide disperses in DMF; The physical aspect of exfoliate graphene oxide, can observe graphene oxide and be dispersed in the lamella that presents stacking and edge curl in DMF (being called for short DMF) as can see from Figure 1.Also can be observed some position and present fold pattern or folding, this fold pattern has reduced surperficial energy, can stable existence.
Fig. 2 is the lower 1.5 parts of modified graphene oxide distribution situation figure in brominated butyl rubber of scanning electron microscope; From the scintigram of Fig. 2 matrix material section, we can be clearly seen that, the Graphene after modification is stripped from and apparent in view laminated structure occurred in rubber, significantly do not pile up on a large scale, and the Graphene of modification is random distribution in rubber matrix.Graphene oxide can be good be dispersed in polymeric matrix be because graphene oxide surface grafting stearylamine after, alkyl group is lipophilicity, impels graphene oxide to disperse in brominated butyl rubber, reaches good dispersion effect.