CN103495636B - Reconfigurable tool is adopted to carry out the method for skinning surface and location - Google Patents
Reconfigurable tool is adopted to carry out the method for skinning surface and location Download PDFInfo
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- CN103495636B CN103495636B CN201310462636.3A CN201310462636A CN103495636B CN 103495636 B CN103495636 B CN 103495636B CN 201310462636 A CN201310462636 A CN 201310462636A CN 103495636 B CN103495636 B CN 103495636B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method adopting reconfigurable tool to carry out skinning surface and location, comprise the following steps: step one, use reconfigurable tool skinning surface device (10) carry out skinning surface; After step 2, pull-shaped end, adjust shape to the theoretical value model face of covering (12) on the multiple spot mould (11) of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device (10), then covering (12) is placed in multiple spot mould (11) goes up and fix; The geological information of step 3, measurement covering (12); Step 4, then calculate the exact position of covering (12), determine covering (12) boundary characteristic; Step 5, carry out ruling or locating on the surface of covering (12).The method that this employing reconfigurable tool carries out skinning surface and location can realize flexible location, for any surface-type feature, without the need to certain position turnover panel, can significantly improve efficiency and positioning precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to skinning surface technical field, specifically a kind of method adopting reconfigurable tool to carry out skinning surface and location.
Background technology
Skin part is the important covering of aircraft, forms Aerodynamic Configuration of Aireraft, and shaping and assembly precision requires high.The manufacture of skin part by stretch forming, outline inspection, the cutting of edge port frame, surface anodization, spray paint, multiple process flow such as orientation assemble forms.Because the rigidity of skin part own is poor, be difficult to overcome self gravitation or frock contact force easily produces elastic deformation, for ensureing final assembly precision, skin part needs pilot hole to ensure positioning precision and the assembly precision of multiple inter process, and pilot hole is one of key structure key element of skin part.Skin part drilling need complete after stretch forming operation, and stretch forming technique comprises entity fixed mould skinning surface and reconfigurable tool skinning surface.
After entity fixed mould skinning surface, adopt location turnover panel to cover skin part, by the hole on the turnover panel of location, adopt the instruments such as electric hand drill to carry out boring location.This kind of method error accumulation is serious, and efficiency is low, and the reason of artificial influence factors makes positioning precision unstable, affects follow-up cutting action, even assembly process.And after adopting reconfigurable tool skinning surface, owing to eliminating tangible mold, the determination of current position of positioning hole does not also have effective solution.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the technical matters of positioning precision difference and location difficulty after existing skinning surface.The invention provides a kind of method adopting reconfigurable tool to carry out skinning surface and location, the method adopting reconfigurable tool to carry out skinning surface and location can realize flexible location, for any surface-type feature, without the need to certain position turnover panel.This localization method is based on digitizing solution, and whole digitized process drives, and without the need to human intervention, precision is high.Multiple spot die face adjusts shape and Digital location to combine by this method, can significantly improve efficiency and positioning precision.
The present invention is the technical scheme solving the employing of its technical matters: a kind of method adopting reconfigurable tool to carry out skinning surface and location, comprises the following steps:
Step one, use reconfigurable tool skinning surface device carry out skinning surface;
After step 2, pull-shaped end, adjust shape to the theoretical value model face of covering on the multiple spot mould of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device, then covering is placed on multiple spot mould also fixing;
Step 3, use are arranged on the geological information of the measuring equipment measurement covering of mechanical arm one end of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device;
Step 4, theoretical to this information and covering digital-to-analogue to be compared, when gap between this information and the theoretical digital-to-analogue of covering is in range of tolerable variance, shape and the position of covering are in exact state, then calculate the exact position of covering, determine covering boundary characteristic;
Step 5, calculated the drilling line space motion path of actuator and location feature point coordinate that are arranged on mechanical arm one end by central processing unit, then driving device arm straps is moved drilling line actuator and is carried out ruling or locating on the surface of covering.
Containing multiple jumper bar in the multiple spot mould of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device, jumper bar comprises pole and is positioned at the drift at pole top, and the upper surface of drift is partial spherical surface.
Middle to the ambilateral direction of multi-point mould from the multiple spot mould being positioned at reconfigurable tool skinning surface device, the spherical radius corresponding to the upper surface of drift increases gradually.
This spherical centre of sphere corresponding to upper surface being positioned at the ambilateral drift of multi-point mould departs from the axis of pole.
Pole and drift are fixed by register pin and plug grafting.
Before step one, calculate the profile of the multiple spot mould after springback compensation based on theoretical digital-to-analogue, drive multiple spot mould to carry out tune shape according to this profile.
In step 2, after pull-shaped end, remove the covering on multiple spot mould and polyurethane cushion, then adjust shape to the theoretical value model face of covering on the multiple spot mould of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device.
In step 2, clamp is used to fix covering.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, adjust shape, digitized measurement to be effectively combined with location the digitizing of multiple spot mould, realize digitizing accurately and flexiblely to locate;
2, reduce human error, improve positioning precision and efficiency, decrease or eliminate the auxiliary moulds such as location turnover panel;
3, cancel a large amount of entity fixed mould and frock, an equipped mechanical arm of reconfigurable tool forms digitization system, can complete Digital location.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the method that employing reconfigurable tool of the present invention carries out skinning surface and location is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the front view of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of skinning surface.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the final profile of covering and covering compensate profile.
Multiple spot mould adjusts shape to the schematic diagram of covering theoretical profile by Fig. 5.
Fig. 6 be covering is measured and drilling line schematic diagram.
Schematic diagram when Fig. 7 to be jumper bar top be face of cylinder or sphere.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the drift upper surface eccentric setting on jumper bar top.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of drift.
Wherein 10. reconfigurable tool skinning surface devices, 11. multiple spot moulds, 111. poles, 112. drifts, 113. register pins, 114. plugs, 115. jumper bars, 12. coverings, 13. polyurethane cushion, 14. clamps, 15. mechanical arms, 16. measuring equipments, 17. drilling line actuators, 18. cutting edge boundary lines, 19. part boundary lines, the 20. weak districts of anchorage force, the final profile of D. covering, E. covering compensates profile.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the method that employing reconfigurable tool of the present invention carries out skinning surface and location is described in further detail.
First the reconfigurable tool skinning surface device that this employing reconfigurable tool carries out using in the method for skinning surface and location is introduced, comprise multiple spot mould 11, containing multiple jumper bar 115 in multiple spot mould 11, the height at each jumper bar 115 top all can be individually adjusted, the skinning surface device of described reconfigurable tool transition profile also comprises mechanical arm 15 and for clamping and the clamp 14 of the covering 12 that stretches, one end of mechanical arm 15 is provided with measuring equipment 16 and drilling line actuator 17, the other end of mechanical arm 15 can be fixed and wall or frame or crossbeam, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this device can complete the pull-shaped of covering, location, drilling and line, namely pull-shaped, location, drilling and these three operations of line all complete on reconfigurable tool skinning surface device.
Concentrate in order to avoid stress and improve machining precision simultaneously, the top of jumper bar 115 is provided with polyurethane cushion 13.In addition, jumper bar 115 top surface is partial cylindrical surface, and namely jumper bar 115 top surface is a part for cylindrical outer surface.
When jumper bar 115 top surface be cylindrical surface or spherical surface time, vacant Delta Region is had between adjacent two jumper bar 115 top surfaces, as shown in Figure 7, time pull-shaped, under pressure, portion of material inserts vacant trigonum to polyurethane cushion 13, polyurethane backing plate support normal power is weak, thus form the weak district 20 of anchorage force, so just the easy generation of the position at jumper bar 115 top stress is concentrated, and can affect the surface quality of skin part simultaneously.When there is this situation, general solution changes thicker polyurethane cushion, and polyurethane backing plate is blocked up will affect the machining precision of covering.
Because the requirement of aerospace field to machining precision is high, in order to solve this problem, by designing the drift of a series of different curvature, different spherical cross-sectional shape, reduce vacant Delta Region between drift, make the die face of discrete point matching more continuous, more adapt to External Shape, control the probability occurring that stress is concentrated, improve skin material forming quality.
Containing multiple jumper bar 115 in the multiple spot mould 11 of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device 10, jumper bar 115 comprises pole 111 and is positioned at the drift 112 at pole top, and the upper surface of drift 112 is partial spherical surface.Drift 112 is made for polyurethane material, can change as required.The spheric curvature on drift 112 top is designed to a series of value, the centre of sphere of axis and this sphere that the centre of sphere simultaneously comprising this sphere is positioned at pole 111 departs from two kinds, the axis of pole 111, in skinning surface, different drift 112 is selected according to die needed profile, the selection principle of the radius-of-curvature of drift 112 is in a certain material forming limit curvature radius, select series of values, specifically can with reference to following formula:
Wherein R
1for drift radius-of-curvature, R
0for the corresponding target part radius-of-curvature of this point,
for rebound degree.Be generally from the middle direction to multiple spot mould 11 both sides of the multiple spot mould 11 being positioned at reconfigurable tool skinning surface device 10, the spherical radius corresponding to the upper surface of drift 112 increases gradually, as shown in Figure 8.
In order to improve machining precision further, to a certain profile, the middle drift 112 sphere centre of sphere is positioned at the axis of pole 111, and both sides drift 112 selects the drift 112 top sphere centre of sphere to depart from the axis of pole 111.Namely this spherical centre of sphere corresponding to upper surface being positioned at the drift 112 of multi-point mould tool 11 both sides departs from the axis of pole 111.The value integrated survey drift sphere curvature radius of the drift 112 sphere centre of sphere and the bias of pole 111 central shaft and the width of pole choose a series of value.Owing to improving drift, this reconfigurable tool skinning surface device also can be called skinning surface containing curvature self-adapting flexible multiple spot mould and locating device.
Drift 112 is containing register pin 113 and plug 114, and when assembling with pole 111, plug 114 and register pin 113 insert pole 111 relevant position, realize orientation assemble.Namely pole 111 and drift 112 are fixed by register pin 221 and plug 222 grafting, as shown in Figure 9.
Then less due to the comparatively large edge of the deflection in the middle part of general skin part, in order to improve with in the middle part of covering to the rigidity of corresponding jumper bar 115, can by the following technical solutions: from the direction be positioned to multiple spot mould 11 edge in the middle part of multiple spot mould 11, jumper bar 115 is tapered, and namely the xsect of jumper bar 115 diminishes gradually.
Adopt reconfigurable tool to carry out a method for skinning surface and location, comprise the following steps:
Step one, use reconfigurable tool skinning surface device 10 carry out skinning surface, as shown in Figure 3;
After step 2, pull-shaped end, adjusted by the multiple spot mould 11 of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device 10 shape to the theoretical value model face of covering 12, then covering 12 is placed on multiple spot mould 11 also fixing, as figure 5 illustrates;
Step 3, the measuring equipment 16 being arranged on mechanical arm 15 one end of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device 10 is used to measure the geological information of covering 12, as shown in Figure 6;
Step 4, theoretical to this information and covering digital-to-analogue to be compared, when gap between this information and the theoretical digital-to-analogue of covering is in range of tolerable variance, shape and the position of covering 12 are in exact state, then calculate the exact position of covering 12, determine covering 12 boundary characteristic;
Step 5, the space motion path being calculated the drilling line actuator 17 being arranged on mechanical arm 15 one end by central processing unit and location feature point coordinate, then driving machine mechanical arm 15 drives drilling line actuator 17 to carry out ruling or locating on the surface of covering 12.
Because the rigidity of skin part is poor, before step, the profile of the multiple spot mould 11 after springback compensation is calculated based on theoretical digital-to-analogue, multiple spot mould 11 is driven to carry out tune shape according to this profile, such covering 12 could form the final profile D of covering, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, wherein D is the final profile of covering, and E is that covering compensates profile.
In step 2, after pull-shaped end, remove the covering 12 on multiple spot mould 11 and polyurethane cushion 13, then adjusted by the multiple spot mould 11 of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device 10 shape to the theoretical value model face of covering 12.Before using mechanical arm 15 pairs of coverings 12 to measure and locating, need unified for the coordinate system of multiple spot mould 11 and mechanical arm 15.
In addition, in step 2, this method uses clamp 14 to fix covering 12, note, power when using clamp 14 to fix covering 12 should much smaller than power during skinning surface, or the mode be placed on multiple spot mould 11 by covering also can be adopted to fix covering, and now covering should be positioned at the final profile D of covering shown in Fig. 4.Such fixed form can save the stationary installations such as turnover panel of the prior art, and locator meams is more simple, and precision is also higher.
The above, be only specific embodiments of the invention, can not limit the scope that invention implements with it, so the displacement of its equivalent assemblies, or the equivalent variations done according to scope of patent protection of the present invention and modification, all still should belong to the category that this patent is contained.
Claims (4)
1. adopt reconfigurable tool to carry out a method for skinning surface and location, it is characterized in that, the method that described employing reconfigurable tool carries out skinning surface and location comprises the following steps:
Step one, use reconfigurable tool skinning surface device (10) carry out skinning surface;
After step 2, pull-shaped end, adjust shape to the theoretical value model face of covering (12) on the multiple spot mould (11) of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device (10), then covering (12) is placed in multiple spot mould (11) goes up and fix;
Step 3, use are arranged on the geological information of the measuring equipment (16) measurement covering (12) of mechanical arm (15) one end of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device (10);
Step 4, theoretical to this information and covering digital-to-analogue to be compared, when gap between this information and the theoretical digital-to-analogue of covering is in range of tolerable variance, shape and the position of covering (12) are in exact state, then calculate the exact position of covering (12), determine covering (12) boundary characteristic;
Step 5, the space motion path being calculated drilling line actuator (17) being arranged on mechanical arm (15) one end by central processing unit and location feature point coordinate, then driving machine mechanical arm (15) drives drilling line actuator (17) to carry out ruling or locating on the surface of covering (12);
Containing multiple jumper bar (115) in the multiple spot mould (11) of reconfigurable tool skinning surface device (10), jumper bar (115) comprises pole (111) and is positioned at the drift (112) at pole top, and the upper surface of drift (112) is partial spherical surface; From the middle direction to multiple spot mould (11) both sides of the multiple spot mould (11) being positioned at reconfigurable tool skinning surface device (10), the spherical radius corresponding to the upper surface of drift (112) increases gradually; This spherical centre of sphere corresponding to upper surface being positioned at the drift (112) of multiple spot mould (11) both sides departs from the axis of pole (111).
2. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 1 carries out the method for skinning surface and location, it is characterized in that: pole (111) and drift (112) are fixed by register pin (113) and plug (114) grafting.
3. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 1 carries out the method for skinning surface and location, it is characterized in that: before step one, calculate the profile of the multiple spot mould (11) after springback compensation based on theoretical digital-to-analogue, drive multiple spot mould (11) to carry out tune shape according to this profile.
4. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 1 carries out the method for skinning surface and location, it is characterized in that: in step 2, uses the fixing covering (12) of clamp (14).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310462636.3A CN103495636B (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2013-09-30 | Reconfigurable tool is adopted to carry out the method for skinning surface and location |
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| CN201310462636.3A CN103495636B (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2013-09-30 | Reconfigurable tool is adopted to carry out the method for skinning surface and location |
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| CN103495636B true CN103495636B (en) | 2015-09-02 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
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| CN104391482B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-02-01 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Longitudinal tensile loading trajectory design method based on mold surface extension |
| CN104971975B (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2017-07-21 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | It is a kind of to stretch the covering forming technology being combined with punching press |
| CN107263429B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2020-02-14 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for line repair and marking of spherical skin hole |
| CN106955930B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-08-17 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of positioning device and method of wall panel parts flexible multipoint forming |
| CN108280274B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2021-04-13 | 吉林大学 | Curved surface expansion-drawing forming method driven by mold surface change |
| CN109482740A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-19 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of material tooling template flexible forming mold and manufacturing process again |
| CN111167919B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-05-07 | 中南大学 | Stretch-forming and electromagnetic composite forming device and method for multi-curvature skin piece |
| CN111055951B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-12-10 | 广州穗景客车制造有限公司 | Production line for passenger car roof framework skin |
| CN112588956B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2023-03-31 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Method for forming double-curved-surface skin opening frame |
| CN114193352A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-18 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Elastic tensioning tool for weak-rigidity skin parts |
| CN115870394B (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-10-24 | 吉林大学 | Joint-like degree-of-freedom controllable push-pull mechanism for flexible stretch forming machine |
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Address after: 100024 North East military villa, eight Li bridge, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee after: China Institute of Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Address before: 100024 North East military villa, eight Li bridge, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee before: Beijing Aviation Manufacturing Engineering Institute of China Aviation Industry Group Company |
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