CN103489542B - The preparation method of extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board - Google Patents
The preparation method of extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The preparation method of a kind of extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board disclosed by the invention, it comprises the steps: 1) the graft modification step of aramid fiber slurry pool；2) aramid fiber cardboard preparation process.The present invention utilizes the heat-resisting quantity (220 DEG C) of aramid fiber, makes the heatproof temperature of the insulating board of the present invention bring up to 140～150 DEG C；The present invention utilizes the low-k (between 1.6～3.7) of aramid fiber, and the office reducing extra-high voltage transformer oil puts, and makes extra-high voltage transformer electrical strength oily, paper insulated be fully used, and reduces the dielectric constant in paper.Aramid fiber is carried out surface modification technology by the present invention, to reach to be fully compatible with wood pulp fiber.
Description
Technical field
The preparation method that the present invention relates to a kind of insulating board, particularly to the preparation method of a kind of extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board.
Background technology
Extra-high voltage grid refers to 1000 kilovolts of exchanges and positive and negative 800 kilovolts of direct current transportation networks, the feature such as have remote, Large Copacity, low-loss transmits electric power and economizes the land resource.The insulation of extra-high voltage grid practice have shown that: the sudden strain of a muscle that the electric power outage main cause of electrical network is insulation falls or punctures, and in order to ensure that electrical network possesses an acceptable reasonability index, scientific and reasonable selection dielectric level is most important.The insulation of electric device in electrical network, is in operation and can be subject to the effect of (a) running voltage (b) temporary overvoltage (c) switching overvoltage (d) lightning surge.The insulation of electrical equipment in electrical network, to have corresponding dielectric strength under above-mentioned voltage effect, the dielectric level of electric device in selection electrical network that be scientific and reasonable.
High-performance compound inslation cardboard is one of topmost insulant of extra-high voltage, it it is a kind of new special function critical material, there is the features such as high intensity, high voltage, high temperature resistant, high fire-retardance, lightweight, energy-conserving and environment-protective, utilizing this insulating board can be processed into various allotype insulation support members and the structural members such as end circle, stay, square ring, bolt, screw rod, pressure ring, insulating cylinder, domestic and international market has a extensive future.
Insulant, also known as electrolyte, is the material that resistivity is high, conductive capability is low.Insulant can be used for isolating charged or different potentials conductor, makes electric current circulate in certain direction.In power transformer product, insulant also plays heat radiation, cooling, support, fixing, arc extinguishing, improves the effects such as electric potential gradient, protection against the tide, mildew-resistant and protection conductor.
Insulant is one of most important material in extra-high voltage electric transmission and transformation equipment, and its performance and quality directly affect the service life of extra-high voltage electric transmission and transformation equipment reliability of operation and extra-high voltage electric transmission and transformation equipment.
By working voltage height, China's transmission of electricity is divided into high pressure (60～220KV), supertension (330～750KV) and extra-high voltage (more than 750KV) transmission of electricity.Owing to AC extra high voltage equipment size is relatively larger, the operation formation threat steady in a long-term to insulation of the factors such as spuious distribution capacity and local pyrexia.Insulant is had higher requirement by UHV Transmission Engineering, such as high mechanical properties, antifouling work, raising overvoltage tolerance and reduction electric wire electrical interference etc..
The solid insulating material of extra-high voltage oil-filled transformer is mainly insulating paper, and the Main Ingredients and Appearance insulated is cellulose.At Transformer, by the combined effect of acid compound in temperature, moisture content, oxygen and oil, cellulose is degraded.Test shows, the heat stability of insulating paper is very poor, namely decomposes temperature more than 105 DEG C: release moisture content, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.Cellulose heat-resistant aging difference is the disadvantage of insulating paper.Transformator is mainly A class B insulation, it is stipulated that maximum operation (service) temperature is 105 DEG C.The too high deterioration that can accelerate insulating board and insulating oil of temperature, affects its service life.20～30 years service life of transformator that design uses when 105 DEG C；After temperature raises 6～7 DEG C, service life was substantially reduced, by the time of only several years.
At present, the insulating board that China produces is based on B level, F level, at some aspect of performance Shortcomings, such as unstable properties, bad mechanical strength (add find layering man-hour, limit of bursting), thermostability not, to problems such as environments, especially non-refractory, has had a strong impact on the prospect that power transmission and transforming equipment develops to miniaturization, high capacity, extra-high voltage.In recent years, synthetic insulant excellent performance, obtain many application, particularly heat resistance at electrical technology field and exceed far away electrician's cardboard, substantially increase high temperature resistant, the heat aging property of the apparatus insulated material of extra-high voltage electric transmission and transformation.
At present, solid insulating material conventional in extra-high voltage electric transmission and transformation equipment has telephone paper, crimped paper and insulating board, and Main Ingredients and Appearance therein is cellulose.Containing substantial amounts of anhydrous dextrose ring and weak carbon-oxygen bond in its molecular structure.Heat stability is more weak than the C-H bond in oil.When 105 DEG C and pyrolysis, when temperature is higher than 300 DEG C, generate compound in CO, CO2, H2O and alditol.
Extra-high voltage high-performance compound inslation cardboard, is the hot subject studied in the world in recent years.In order to improve the thermostability of insulating paper, abroad in insulating paper (or cardboard), substantial amounts of research and development are carried out, as paper oar makes when there being alkaline catalyst cellulose and acrylonitrile chemically reactive can obtain the insulating paper that thermostability greatly improves.Research shows, through the insulating paper that cyaniding processes, uses temperature can improve 20 DEG C.If using temperature-resistant, then can increase the service life, and adopt this paper can reduce the weight of power transmission and transforming equipment.Further, the method adding a series of tranquilizer in paper oar improves the heat stability of insulating paper, as by the nitrogen content in one or more nitrogen-containing compound modified natural fibers, made natural fiber wear the heat protective clothing that last layer is nitrogenous, thus preventing cellulose oxidation from degrading.Now use the crimped paper from the import of Denison Co., Ltd of the U.S. just to belong to the latter such as Hengyang Transformer Co., Ltd., Tebian Electric Co..
The dielectric constant considering insulating paper and insulating board is about 4～5, exceeds more than 1 times than the dielectric constant (2.2～2.4) of transformer oil.Under electric field action, the field intensity shared in compound inslation and dielectric constant are inversely proportional to, therefore in oil, field intensity is more much higher than field intensity in cardboard, and the electrical strength of oil is lower than cardboard, therefore, the quality of shelf depreciation, deterioration oil easily occur in oil.In order to make transformer oil, paper insulated electrical strength be fully used, reduce the dielectric constant in cardboard, suitable synthetic resin fiber can be blended in essence fiber and make cardboard.At present, the synthetic resin that Japan adopts is polymethylene pentane (dielectric constant is 2.12) fiber to be blended into raw material with wood fibre and makes white board, being called PMP cardboard, commodity are called two kinds of cardboards of PB-T and PB-TC, have been used in 1000KV extra-high voltage transformer and have made insulant.Domestic power transmission and transforming equipment manufacturing industry produces supertension, extra-high voltage transformer jointly from the enterprise relevant to China in succession such as ABB AB in 1993, GEC ALSTONE company, SIEMENS company, TOSHIBA company of Japan.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is in that the preparation method providing a kind of extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board, the extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board that it is prepared adopts the wood pulp cellulose of low-dimensional aramid fiber slurry pool modified natural, nitrogen content in fiber is provided, natural fiber is made to wear " heat protective clothing " that last layer is nitrogenous, thus preventing cellulose oxidation from degrading.
The technical problem to be solved can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The preparation method of a kind of extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board, comprises the steps:
1) the graft modification step of Fanglun slurry cake
A) Fanglun slurry cake is placed in Soxhlet extractor and first uses ethanol extraction 10～12h, then with distilled water extraction 10～12h, then Fanglun slurry cake is placed in vacuum environment, dry 2.5～3.5h under 100～120 DEG C of conditions；
B) under nitrogen protection, the dimethyl sulfoxide of 140～160ml and 0.5～0.7g sodium hydride are added there-necked flask, stir 28～32min when 28～32 DEG C.Then temperature is risen to 70～74 DEG C of stirring 38～42min, after being cooled to 28～32 DEG C, then in there-necked flask, adds the Fanglun slurry cake after 0.024～0.026mol step a) processes stirring reaction 8～12min；
C) under nitrogen protection; Fanglun slurry cake after being processed by step b leaches from there-necked flask; move in the there-necked flask of another dimethyl sulfoxide containing 0.00025～0.00125mol grafted monomers and 140～160ml; 2～10h is reacted when 28～32 DEG C; wherein said grafted monomers is made up of grafted monomers A and/or grafted monomers B, and wherein the structural formula of grafted monomers A is CH2=CH-(CH2) n-Cl, the structural formula of grafted monomers B is Cl-(CH2)n-Si(OCH3)3Or CH2=CH-(CH2)n-(OCH3CH3)3, the structural formula of grafted monomers A and n=1,2,3 or 4 in the structural formula of grafted monomers B；
D) again the Fanglun slurry cake acetone after step c) grafting and distilled water are replaced cleaning 2～4 times, the scavenging period of acetone and distilled water is 2～10min, then the Fanglun slurry cake after grafting is placed in Soxhlet extractor with acetone extraction 1.8～2.2h, last at room temperature vacuum drying 22～26h, namely obtains graft modification Fanglun slurry cake；
2) aramid fiber cardboard preparation process
A) preparation mass percent concentration is 3～7% graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurries and mass percent concentration is 2～7% wood pulp pulp slurries respectively；
B) described graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry and wood pulp pulp slurry are discongested according to given ratio mixing and making beating, make the paper making pulp of required concentration, it is 20～70% that wherein said graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent, and it is 30～80% that described wood pulp pulp slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent；
C) described paper making pulp feeding is included net forming copy paper on the paper machine of head box, it is thus achieved that magma paper；
D) after some layers of magma paper being superimposed to certain thickness, sending into vacuum laminator and carry out vaccum pressing plate, platen temperature is 105～155 degree, and pressure is 15～20kg/cm2。
Owing to have employed technical scheme as above, the present invention utilizes the heat-resisting quantity (220 DEG C) of aramid fiber, makes the heatproof temperature of the insulating board of the present invention bring up to 140～150 DEG C；The present invention utilizes the low-k (between 1.6～3.7) of aramid fiber, and the office reducing extra-high voltage transformer oil puts, and makes extra-high voltage transformer electrical strength oily, paper insulated be fully used, and reduces the dielectric constant in paper.Aramid fiber is carried out surface modification technology by the present invention, to reach to be fully compatible with wood pulp fiber.
The key technical indexes of the present invention is in Table 1
Table 1
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of a kind of extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board, comprises the steps:
1) the graft modification step of Fanglun slurry cake
A) Fanglun slurry cake is placed in Soxhlet extractor and first uses ethanol extraction 10h, then use distilled water extraction 10h, then Fanglun slurry cake is placed in vacuum environment, dry 2.5h under 100 DEG C of conditions；
B) under nitrogen protection, the dimethyl sulfoxide of 140ml and 0.5g sodium hydride are added there-necked flask, stir 28min when 28 DEG C.Then temperature is risen to 70 DEG C of stirring 38min, after being cooled to 28 DEG C, then in there-necked flask, adds the Fanglun slurry cake after 0.024mol step a) processes stirring reaction 8min；
C) under nitrogen protection; Fanglun slurry cake after being processed by step b leaches from there-necked flask; move in the there-necked flask of another dimethyl sulfoxide containing 0.00025mol grafted monomers and 140ml; 2h is reacted when 28 DEG C; wherein said grafted monomers is made up of grafted monomers A and/or grafted monomers B, and wherein the structural formula of grafted monomers A is CH2=CH-(CH2) n-Cl, the structural formula of grafted monomers B is Cl-(CH2)n-Si(OCH3)3Or CH2=CH-(CH2)n-(OCH3CH3)3, the structural formula of grafted monomers A and n=1,2,3 or 4 in the structural formula of grafted monomers B；
D) again the Fanglun slurry cake acetone after step c) grafting and distilled water are alternately cleaned 2 times, the scavenging period of acetone and distilled water is 2min, then the Fanglun slurry cake after grafting is placed in Soxhlet extractor and uses acetone extraction 1.8h, last at room temperature vacuum drying 22h, namely obtains graft modification Fanglun slurry cake；
2) aramid fiber cardboard preparation process
A) preparation mass percent concentration is 3% graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry and mass percent concentration is 2% wood pulp pulp slurry respectively；
B) described graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry and wood pulp pulp slurry are discongested according to given ratio mixing and making beating, make the paper making pulp of required concentration, it is 20% that wherein said graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent, and it is 80% that described wood pulp pulp slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent；
C) described paper making pulp feeding is included net forming copy paper on the paper machine of head box, it is thus achieved that magma paper；
D) after some layers of magma paper being superimposed to certain thickness, sending into vacuum laminator and carry out vaccum pressing plate, platen temperature is 105～155 degree, and pressure is 15～20kg/cm2。
The extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board heatproof temperature that this embodiment is made brings up to 140 DEG C；Low-k 2.0.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of a kind of extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board, comprises the steps:
1) the graft modification step of Fanglun slurry cake
A) Fanglun slurry cake is placed in Soxhlet extractor and first uses ethanol extraction 11h, then use distilled water extraction 11h, then Fanglun slurry cake is placed in vacuum environment, dry 3h under 110 DEG C of conditions；
B) under nitrogen protection, the dimethyl sulfoxide of 150ml and 0.6g sodium hydride are added there-necked flask, stir 30min when 30 DEG C.Then temperature is risen to 72 DEG C of stirring 40min, after being cooled to 30 DEG C, then in there-necked flask, adds the Fanglun slurry cake after 0.025mol step a) processes stirring reaction 10min；
C) under nitrogen protection; Fanglun slurry cake after being processed by step b leaches from there-necked flask; move in the there-necked flask of another dimethyl sulfoxide containing 0.0005mol grafted monomers and 150ml; 5h is reacted when 30 DEG C; wherein said grafted monomers is made up of grafted monomers A and/or grafted monomers B, and wherein the structural formula of grafted monomers A is CH2=CH-(CH2) n-Cl, the structural formula of grafted monomers B is Cl-(CH2)n-Si(OCH3)3Or CH2=CH-(CH2)n-(OCH3CH3)3, the structural formula of grafted monomers A and n=1,2,3 or 4 in the structural formula of grafted monomers B；
D) again the Fanglun slurry cake acetone after step c) grafting and distilled water are alternately cleaned 3 times, the scavenging period of acetone and distilled water is 5min, then the Fanglun slurry cake after grafting is placed in Soxhlet extractor and uses acetone extraction 2h, last at room temperature vacuum drying 24h, namely obtains graft modification Fanglun slurry cake；
2) aramid fiber cardboard preparation process
A) preparation mass percent concentration is 5% graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry and mass percent concentration is 5% wood pulp pulp slurry respectively；
B) described graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry and wood pulp pulp slurry are discongested according to given ratio mixing and making beating, make the paper making pulp of required concentration, it is 50% that wherein said graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent, and it is 50% that described wood pulp pulp slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent；
C) described paper making pulp feeding is included net forming copy paper on the paper machine of head box, it is thus achieved that magma paper；
D) after some layers of magma paper being superimposed to certain thickness, sending into vacuum laminator and carry out vaccum pressing plate, platen temperature is 105～155 degree, and pressure is 15～20kg/cm2。
The extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board heatproof temperature that this embodiment is made brings up to 145 DEG C；Low-k 1.9.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of a kind of extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board, comprises the steps:
1) the graft modification step of Fanglun slurry cake
A) Fanglun slurry cake is placed in Soxhlet extractor and first uses ethanol extraction 12h, then use distilled water extraction 12h, then Fanglun slurry cake is placed in vacuum environment, dry 3.5h under 120 DEG C of conditions；
B) under nitrogen protection, the dimethyl sulfoxide of 160ml and 0.7g sodium hydride are added there-necked flask, stir 32min when 32 DEG C.Then temperature is risen to 74 DEG C of stirring 42min, after being cooled to 32 DEG C, then in there-necked flask, adds the Fanglun slurry cake after 0.026mol step a) processes stirring reaction 12min；
C) under nitrogen protection; Fanglun slurry cake after being processed by step b leaches from there-necked flask; move in the there-necked flask of another dimethyl sulfoxide containing 0.00125mol grafted monomers and 160ml; 10h is reacted when 32 DEG C; wherein said grafted monomers is made up of grafted monomers A and/or grafted monomers B, and wherein the structural formula of grafted monomers A is CH2=CH-(CH2) n-Cl, the structural formula of grafted monomers B is Cl-(CH2)n-Si(OCH3)3Or CH2=CH-(CH2)n-(OCH3CH3)3, the structural formula of grafted monomers A and n=1,2,3 or 4 in the structural formula of grafted monomers B；
D) again the Fanglun slurry cake acetone after step c) grafting and distilled water are alternately cleaned 4 times, the scavenging period of acetone and distilled water is 10min, then the Fanglun slurry cake after grafting is placed in Soxhlet extractor and uses acetone extraction 2.2h, last at room temperature vacuum drying 26h, namely obtains graft modification Fanglun slurry cake；
2) aramid fiber cardboard preparation process
A) preparation mass percent concentration is 7% graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry and mass percent concentration is 7% wood pulp pulp slurry respectively；
B) described graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry and wood pulp pulp slurry are discongested according to given ratio mixing and making beating, make the paper making pulp of required concentration, it is 70% that wherein said graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent, and it is 30% that described wood pulp pulp slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent；
C) described paper making pulp feeding is included net forming copy paper on the paper machine of head box, it is thus achieved that magma paper；
D) after some layers of magma paper being superimposed to certain thickness, sending into vacuum laminator and carry out vaccum pressing plate, platen temperature is 105～155 degree, and pressure is 15～20kg/cm2.
The extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board heatproof temperature that this embodiment is made brings up to 150 DEG C；Low-k 1.8.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of an extra-high-voltage composite insulation paper board, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) the graft modification step of Fanglun slurry cake
A) Fanglun slurry cake is placed in Soxhlet extractor and first uses ethanol extraction 12h, then use distilled water extraction 12h, then Fanglun slurry cake is placed in vacuum environment, dry 3.5h under 120 DEG C of conditions；
B) under nitrogen protection, the dimethyl sulfoxide of 160ml and 0.7g sodium hydride are added there-necked flask, stir 32min when 32 DEG C；Then temperature is risen to 74 DEG C of stirring 42min, after being cooled to 32 DEG C, then in there-necked flask, adds the Fanglun slurry cake after 0.026mol step a) processes stirring reaction 12min；
C) under nitrogen protection; Fanglun slurry cake after being processed by step b) leaches from there-necked flask; move in the there-necked flask of another dimethyl sulfoxide containing 0.00125mol grafted monomers and 160ml; 10h is reacted when 32 DEG C; wherein said grafted monomers is made up of grafted monomers A and/or grafted monomers B, and wherein the structural formula of grafted monomers A is CH2=CH-(CH2) n-Cl, the structural formula of grafted monomers B is Cl-(CH2)n-Si(OCH3)3, the structural formula of grafted monomers A and n=1,2,3 or 4 in the structural formula of grafted monomers B；
D) again the Fanglun slurry cake acetone after step c) grafting and distilled water are alternately cleaned 4 times, the scavenging period of acetone and distilled water is 10min, then the Fanglun slurry cake after grafting is placed in Soxhlet extractor and uses acetone extraction 2.2h, last at room temperature vacuum drying 26h, namely obtains graft modification Fanglun slurry cake；
2) aramid fiber cardboard preparation process
A) preparation mass percent concentration is 7% graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry and mass percent concentration is 7% wood pulp pulp slurry respectively；
B) described graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry and wood pulp pulp slurry are discongested according to given ratio mixing and making beating, make the paper making pulp of required concentration, it is 70% that wherein said graft modification Fanglun slurry cake slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent, and it is 30% that described wood pulp pulp slurry accounts for described paper making pulp mass percent；
C) described paper making pulp feeding is included net forming copy paper on the paper machine of head box, it is thus achieved that magma paper；
D) after some layers of magma paper being superimposed to certain thickness, sending into vacuum laminator and carry out vaccum pressing plate, platen temperature is 105～155 degree, and pressure is 15～20kg/cm2。
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| CN107938426A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-20 | 王小艳 | Dried flower protects color drying plate preparation method |
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Address after: 421008 Hunan city of Hengyang Province Huang Cha Ling Yuan Cun Heng Yanfeng District No. 4 Applicant after: Hunan Heng Yuan green wood Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 421008 Hunan city of Hengyang Province Huang Cha Ling Yuan Cun Heng Yanfeng District No. 4 Applicant before: Hengyang Hengyuan Electrical Material Co., Ltd. |
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