CN103488520B - A kind of explicitly carries out the method for computing environment description - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that explicitly carries out computing environment description. The present invention's action based on user in the time of operation organizes environmental data as contextual method, for this reason, first dispose the infrastructure that can carry out on environmental key-element perception and impact, and the service of perception user action, afterwards context maker disposed into system and put into operation, in the time that action changes, context can be reorganized. And the software approach using context as initiative software entity proposed on this basis. Such software entity can upgrade on one's own initiative environmental data, judges whether demand meets, environmental services is provided. The present invention can reduce development difficulty, the flexibility that improves software and reusability, raising operational efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that explicitly carries out computing environment description, particularly based on action by environment numberAccording to being organized as context, and context is configured to initiative software entity the method for service is provided.
Background technology
Along with extensively universal, the wireless communication technique of Internet develop rapidly and the layer of novel computing equipment goes out notThoroughly, one of trend of modern software System Development is to realize the fusion of man-machine thing, calculates and is got integrated into environment, can be pellucidly, withTime everywhere for user provides service. One of key character of this type systematic is the environment that needs perception user, and provides for itServe, there is the ability of context-aware.
For collection and the use of support environment data, domestic and international researcher is devoted to context-aware software approach and grindsStudy carefully, occurred a collection of context-aware applications supporting platform and development approach, to collect environment basic data, safeguard these numbersAccording to, and the service of environmental correclation is further provided based on these data.
In existing context-aware work, context is understood to and applies the collection of some relevant environmental key-elements conventionallyClose, its scope is given by developer in the time of exploitation, although the attribute value of environmental key-element can change (as the tool of temperature in the time of operationBody numerical value), the context itself that participates in processing is fixed. Meanwhile, context is passive data, is read by applicationGet and process.
Such understanding mode may be with for exploitation and the operation of computing system the problem of serving:
1, opening, flexibility while exploitation are bad. Because environment is complicated, dynamic, changeable, user's request and operationThe variation of the key elements such as environment is recurrent, and the time of its generation normally among the process of software systems operations, difficultyWith complete in when exploitation by developer, determine contextual scope and applied logic exactly.
2, while operation, may cause efficiency. In the moment of application operation, system may not need to pay close attention to instituteThere is relevant environmental key-element. Along with the increase of environmental data scale, may there is efficiency and and then make application not in systemAvailable.
Applicant thinks, the main cause that causes the problems referred to above is that conventional operation has for the understanding of this concept of contextLose biasedly, context is separated and is not met contextual essence with user action.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide explicitly carries out computing environment description, the methodDuring according to operation, user's specific action is dynamically organized context for the demand of environment, in the time that action changes, and context meetingReorganized. Further, the context of the method is a software entity with initiative, can realize initiatively moreWhether new environmental data, demands on examination are satisfied, provide environmental services.
For achieving the above object, explicitly of the present invention carries out the method for computing environment description, comprises the steps:
1) dispose the infrastructure that can carry out on environmental key-element perception and impact;
2) service of deployment energy perception user action;
3) be environmental pattern of each type of action requirement definition of each user;
4) context maker disposed into system and put into operation;
5) in the time that system is moved, obtain the set of environmental key-element type according to the environmental pattern of user action, and by movingDo, in the scene of location positioning, these environmental key-elements are carried out to instantiation, then by context maker, relevant environmental key-element is realExample adds context, provides service using the software entity as initiative.
Above-mentioned steps 1) in be described as<Feature of environmental key-element, loc, value>, wherein Feature represent environment wantThe type of element, the position that loc represents environmental key-element, the numerical value that value represents environmental key-element, environmental key-element is organized according to positionFor scene (spot); The environmental basis facility of disposing is divided into two classes: in order to the sensor of perception environment with for affecting environmentEquipment; For sensor, system need provide the interface that obtains data; For equipment, system need provide control appliance state (as lampSwitch) interface, comprise following steps for the deployment of each sensor or equipment:
11) position of given this sensor or equipment,
12) defining this sensor or equipment can perception or affect the type of environmental key-element.
Above-mentioned steps 2) in, the service of perception user action comprises sensed activation type and sensed activation position two classes.
Above-mentioned steps 3) described environmental pattern exists by environmental constraints set form, and each environmental constraints is described as <Feature, JudgeFun, threshold >, wherein Feature represents type, the JudgeFun of this constraint relevant environment key elementRepresent that decision function, a threshold represent the threshold value of environmental constraints; Environmental pattern has defined the environment of this action concern and has wantedElement type and for the constraint of each environmental key-element; System maintenance mapping table, can obtain this by user id and type of actionThe environmental pattern of action.
Above-mentioned steps 4) in, context maker is carried out according to the following steps:
41) read in type and the position of action,
42) obtain scene by the position of moving,
43) obtain environmental pattern by this user's type of action,
44) carry out instantiation for environmental pattern, that is: every environmental constraints in traversal environmental pattern, determining step 42)In the scene obtaining, whether comprise an environmental key-element, whether its type is identical with this approximately intrafascicular environmental key-element type, as existed,Proceed to step 45a) if do not existed, proceed to 45b);
45a) this environmental key-element is added to context, and gets back to step 44) to travel through next environmental constraints, complete traversalAfter enter step 46);
45b) remind environment exploitation person need in this scene, add this type environmental key-element, and get back to step 44) to travel throughNext environmental constraints, enters step 46 after completing traversal);
46) obtain generate context.
Above-mentioned steps 5) concrete steps be:
51) obtain the renewal of environmental key-element value by sensor interface;
52) call decision function and judge whether environmental constraints is satisfied;
53) if environmental constraints is not satisfied, service is provided, enter with one of inferior division;
54a), as environmental key-element can be regulated by equipment, trigger the action of adjusting ambient key element;
54b) as environmental key-element can not be regulated by equipment, trigger and give user the action of suggestion.
The present invention is taking user action as point of penetration, and proposing a set of effective organizational environment data becomes contextual sideMethod, and context is designed to initiative software entity, thus instruct better the design and development of context-aware. Specifically excellentPoint is:
1, separation of concerns in development process, effectively reduces development difficulty,
2, the software systems degree of coupling reduces, and durability is good,
3, in the time of operation, only consider a subset of environment, contribute to operational efficiency to improve.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1: context generating algorithm flow chart,
Fig. 2: context main structure chart,
Fig. 3: system flow chart,
Fig. 4: the class figure of key,
Fig. 5: support platform structure chart.
Detailed description of the invention
That the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
1, hardware environment
1) in order to the sensor of perception environmental key-element state
2) in order to affect environment or user's equipment
3) in order to identify the sensor of user action type and operating position
4) at least one computer as server in order to collecting, processing environment information, trigger service
2, application scenarios
The technology that the present invention proposes can be used for exploitation and the computing system that has stronger demand is merged in management for man-machine thing. Allusion quotationThe scene of type is: user carries out the various different rings that have in environmental key-element can be by the physical environment of computing system perception, impactThe action of border demand (be concerned about light intensity during as reading, be concerned about in bed noise, be concerned about weather while going out), computing system perceptionAfter action, can organize a subset of environmental key-element as context for the demand of environment according to this action, testing environment needsSeeking Truth is no to be met, and service is provided. To complete the communication between people, computing system, environment.
3, technical description
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
The software platform framework of the method exploitation of an explicit description computing environment proposing based on the present invention is as Fig. 5 instituteShow.
This platform need to be deployed with the environmental basis facility of context-aware hardware (comprising sensor and equipment) as propping upSupport, its software section has following three levels:
1) data access layer: this layer provides one group of encapsulation for hardware, with the data of receiving sensor, change equipmentState. The software entity of this layer has three classes, is respectively: action recognition service, environmental key-element detector, actuator.
The data of action recognition service reception sensor, by recognizer, obtain user action type and operating position.
Environmental key-element detector has encapsulated the sensor of perception environmental key-element state, for the sensor of every type, needsProvide the interface that system obtains the real-time numerical value of environmental key-element, for the example of each sensor, need the position of given sensorPut. Operative sensor (as Iris, TelosB) can the polytype environmental key-element of perception, and every kind of environmental key-element need to be by a ringBorder key element detector encapsulates.
Actuator has encapsulated the equipment that can affect environment or user, for the equipment of every type, need to provide systemThe interface of control appliance state, for the example of each equipment, need to give the position of locking equipment.
2) context generation layer: this layer accepted the data that data access layer provides in the time of running software, completes contextualDynamically generate, realize the dynamic key concept generating of context as shown in Figure 4:
Environmental key-element (EnvAttr): environmental key-element is the contextual elementary cell of composition, and we only consider can perceived arrivingThose elements. Environmental key-element is by reflecting the feature (Feature) of environmental key-element type, the position (location) of environmental key-elementForm with the numerical value (can be sky as not yet obtained numerical value from environmental key-element detector) of environmental key-element. Environment of system maintenanceKey element typelib, with the definition of supporting detector and constraint.
Scene and (Spot) environment (Environment): the mode that environmental key-element has more than to gather forms basic environment,But organize together according to their position (location), become " scene ". Environment is made up of the set of scene. System dimensionProtect a scene library, a given position, can obtain the scene of this position.
Constraint (Constraint): constraint is the judgement for a class environmental key-element, and a constraint is by environmental characteristic(Feature), decision function and threshold value form.
Action (Activity): action is by actor (Person), type of action (ActType), operating position(Location), environmental pattern (EnvPattern) form, in environmental pattern, comprised one group retrain to define this action forThe demand of environment. Environmental pattern storehouse of system maintenance, given actor and type of action, can obtain environmental pattern. ThisStorehouse can be defined by developer the pattern of some type of action acquiescences, and provides interface to user, the pattern of definable personalization.
Context (Context): context produces with action in the time of operation, is made up of the set of an environmental key-element, onHereinafter also contain the environmental pattern of respective action, in order to judge whether environmental key-element satisfies the demands.
In the time that identifying the variation of action, the action recognition service of data access layer (comprises Change of types and change in location),Context maker is triggered to generate context. Contextual generating algorithm flow process is shown in Fig. 1, and its basic ideas are: by movingEnvironmental pattern obtain the set of environmental key-element type, and in the scene of being determined by operating position, these environmental key-elements are carried outInstantiation, adds context relevant environmental key-element example.
3) context application layer: in our platform, context is used as the software entity with initiative: contextAssembly. The structure of context component is shown in Fig. 2, and this software entity completes following functions:
Upgrade the currency of environmental key-element: the corresponding detector of context component transfer environment key element obtains the interface of numerical value,Obtain the currency of environmental key-element, carry out the frequency of upgrading designated in the time that context is generated. Added in each environmental key-elementEnter contextual time, whether this key element has been added into a monitor and has changed to monitor numerical value, as new numerical value is obtainedGet, inform this event of context, in updating context numerical value, only need to upgrade those changes.
The meeting property of constraint detects: whether the constraint that context component detects in its corresponding environmental model is satisfied. ShouldProcess is triggered after environmental key-element is upgraded, and calls the decision function of related constraint, judges whether the value of environmental key-element meets approximatelyBundle.
Contextual initiative self adaptation: in the time that constraint can not be satisfied, the process of context-adaptive is triggered,First this assembly judges whether to affect environmental key-element (affecting light intensity as turned on light) by actuator control hardware equipment, withDo not affect user's action, if there is no such actuator, informs that user retrains cannot be satisfied, and provides knot as far as possibleThe suggestion of restrainting this action or changing operating position
The operational process of whole support system is shown in Fig. 3, and such system can trigger context by perception user actionGeneration, for this action provides service. When action changes, this flow process will be re-executed, and context is regenerated,For new action service.
The concrete application approach of the present invention is a lot, and the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that forThose skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement, thisA little improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. explicitly carries out a method for computing environment description, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) dispose the infrastructure that can carry out on environmental key-element perception and impact; Be described as < Feature of environmental key-element wherein,Loc, value >, wherein Feature represents that the type of environmental key-element, position, the value that loc represents environmental key-element represent environmentThe numerical value of key element, environmental key-element is woven to scene (spot) according to set of locations; The environmental basis facility of disposing is divided into two classes: in order toThe sensor of perception environment and for affecting the equipment of environment; For sensor, system need provide the interface that obtains data; ForEquipment, system need provide the interface of control appliance state, comprises following steps for the deployment of each sensor or equipment:
11) position of given this sensor or equipment,
12) defining this sensor or equipment can perception or affect the type of environmental key-element;
2) service of deployment energy perception user action;
3) be environmental pattern of each type of action requirement definition of each user;
4) context maker disposed into system and put into operation;
5) in the time that system is moved, obtain the set of environmental key-element type according to the environmental pattern of user action, and by act bitPut in definite scene these environmental key-elements are carried out to instantiation, then by context maker, relevant environmental key-element example is addedEnter context, provide service using the software entity as initiative.
2. explicitly according to claim 1 carries out the method for computing environment description, it is characterized in that step 2) in, perceptionThe service of user action comprises sensed activation type and sensed activation position two classes.
3. explicitly according to claim 2 carries out the method for computing environment description, it is characterized in that described in step 3)Environmental pattern is existed by environmental constraints set form, be described as < Feature of each environmental constraints, JudgeFun, threshold>, wherein Feature represents that type, the JudgeFun of this constraint relevant environment key element represent a decision function, thresholdRepresent the threshold value of environmental constraints; Environmental pattern has defined environmental key-element type that this action pays close attention to and for each environmental key-elementConstraint; System maintenance mapping table, can be obtained by user id and type of action the environmental pattern of this action.
4. explicitly according to claim 3 carries out the method for computing environment description, it is characterized in that in step 4), upper and lowerLiterary composition maker is carried out according to the following steps:
41) read in type and the position of action,
42) obtain scene by the position of moving,
43) obtain environmental pattern by this user's type of action,
44) carry out instantiation for environmental pattern, that is: every environmental constraints in traversal environmental pattern, determining step 42) obtainScene in whether comprise an environmental key-element, whether its type identical with this approximately intrafascicular environmental key-element type, as exist, proceed toStep 45a); If do not existed, proceed to 45b);
45a) this environmental key-element is added to context, and gets back to step 44) to travel through next environmental constraints, complete traversal laggardEnter step 46);
45b) remind environment exploitation person need in this scene, add this type environmental key-element, and get back to step 44) to travel through nextBar environmental constraints, enters step 46 after completing traversal);
46) obtain generate context.
5. explicitly according to claim 4 carries out the method for computing environment description, it is characterized in that the concrete of step 5)Step is:
51) obtain the renewal of environmental key-element value by sensor interface;
52) call decision function and judge whether environmental constraints is satisfied;
53) if environmental constraints is not satisfied, service is provided, enter with one of inferior division;
54a), as environmental key-element can be regulated by equipment, trigger the action of adjusting ambient key element;
54b) as environmental key-element can not be regulated by equipment, trigger and give user the action of suggestion.
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| US6219825B1 (en) * | 1995-01-10 | 2001-04-17 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Profile based optimization of shared libraries |
| US6237143B1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2001-05-22 | Unisys Corp. | Method and system for monitoring and capturing all file usage of a software tool |
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