CN103487698A - Method for fault analysis of distributed type power source connected power distribution network - Google Patents

Method for fault analysis of distributed type power source connected power distribution network Download PDF

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CN103487698A
CN103487698A CN201310453300.0A CN201310453300A CN103487698A CN 103487698 A CN103487698 A CN 103487698A CN 201310453300 A CN201310453300 A CN 201310453300A CN 103487698 A CN103487698 A CN 103487698A
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power source
distributed power
fault
current
type distributed
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CN103487698B (en
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李伟
杨国生
王兴国
杜丁香
李仲青
王晓阳
周泽昕
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for fault analysis of a power system, in particular to a method for fault analysis of a distributed type power source connected power distribution network. The method comprises the following steps that (1) data of the distributed type power source connected power distribution network are collected; (2) voltage, current and equivalent load resistance of each node of a power distribution network feeder line are determined; (3) fault analysis is respectively conducted on a rotary motor type distributed power source and an inverter type distributed power source; (4) the voltage and the current of each node of the power distribution network feeder line are determined; (5) whether a limit value is met or not is judged and if the limit value is met, the fault analysis process is finished; if the limit value is not met, an iteration value is selected to serve as a mean value of a calculation value and the limit value, and the step (4) is repeated. According to the method, fault transient characteristics and a control strategy of a typical distributed power source are combined, the requirements for connection of the power source to the power distribution network are considered, and therefore the accuracy of fault analysis is improved.

Description

A kind of failure analysis methods of distributed power source access power distribution network
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power system fault analysis method, be specifically related to a kind of failure analysis methods of distributed power source access power distribution network.
Background technology
Traditional power distribution network power supply is single, simple in structure, existing symmetric fault analytical approach is to adopt voltage source model or current source model that system power supply is carried out solving node voltage and the branch current in network after equivalence, along with all kinds of distributed power sources access power distribution network in a large number, very large change occurs in distribution net work structure; Because the transient state output characteristics of inverse distributed power is fully different from traditional electric rotating type power supply, controlled strategy impact is very large simultaneously.And the control strategy of inverse distributed power mainly coordinates the requirement of distribution network system.Therefore, need require just can obtain the fault characteristic of inverter type distributed power source comparatively accurately with the output capacity restriction of inverter in conjunction with the distribution side system.And rear I segment protect performance occurs traditional fault analysis major concern fault, and, for power distribution network, for electric rotating type distributed power source, adopt traditional voltage source Equivalent Model to calculate the transient state process of long period inapplicable.Therefore, existing failure analysis methods will inevitably produce larger error.For realizing the accurate fault analysis of distributed power source access power distribution network, must be improved from Equivalent Model and the distribution network failure analytical model of distributed power source.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the failure analysis methods that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of distributed power source access power distribution network, the method is in conjunction with fault transient characteristic and the control strategy of exemplary distribution formula power supply, consider the distribution network failure analytical approach of its access power distribution network requirement, improved the accuracy of fault analysis.
The objective of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
The invention provides a kind of failure analysis methods of distributed power source access power distribution network, described distributed power source comprises electric rotating type distributed power source and inverter type distributed power source; Its improvements are, described method comprises the steps:
(1) gather the data of distributed power source access power distribution network;
(2) determine voltage, the magnitude of current and the equivalent load impedance of each node of distribution feeder;
(3) respectively electric rotating type distributed power source and inverter type distributed power source are carried out to fault analysis;
(4) determine the voltage and current of each node of distribution feeder;
(5) judge whether to meet limit value, if meet limit value, finish the fault analysis flow process; Otherwise the average that to get iterative value be calculated value and limit value is also returned to step (4).
Further, in described step (1), the data of distributed power source access power distribution network comprise: power distribution network supply voltage and current parameters, line impedance parameter, line current parameter, electric rotating type distributed power source parameter and inverse distributed power parameter.
Further, in described step (2), utilize the KVL equation, adopt recurrence method, determine voltage, the magnitude of current and the equivalent load impedance of each node of distribution feeder; Described equivalent load impedance comprises permanent power impedance, constant voltage impedance and constant-impedance.
Further; in described step (3); after distribution network failure occurs, electric rotating type distributed power source is carried out to fault analysis and comprise: adjust actuation time according to the syllogic current protection that fault-time is corresponding, get corresponding reactance value and carry out fault current calculating.
Further, described electric rotating type distributed power source comprises rotary synchronous motor-type distributed power source and rotation asynchronous machine type distributed power source, and rotary synchronous motor-type distributed power source and rotation asynchronous machine type distributed power source all adopt following expression formula to calculate fault current:
X = X d &prime; &prime; , 0 &le; t < 100 ms X d &prime; , 100 ms &le; t < 500 ms X d , 500 ms &le; t ;
In the 100ms after fault occurs, adopt subtranient reactance X " dcarry out fault current calculating; In 500ms after fault occurs, adopt transient state reactance X ' dcarry out fault current calculating; After occurring, fault more than 500ms, adopts synchronous reactance X dcarry out stable fault currents calculating.
Further, in described step (3), after distribution network failure occurs, the inverter type distributed power source is carried out to fault analysis to be comprised: after fault, the maximum output current of inverter type distributed power source is less than or equal to 1.5 times of rated current, peak power output is less than rated power, limited by peak power and maximum output current, mean by following expression formula:
20 % U N &le; U &le; 85 % U N I IIDG &le; 1.5 I IIDG - N P IIDG - OUT &le; P IIDG - N ;
And meet distributed power source access Power Supplies Condition simultaneously, when distributed power source access Power Supplies Condition comprises inverter endpiece generation metallicity fault, the outlet voltage of inverter is less than system voltage 20%, half cycle of inverter is interior by automatic blocking, fault current and voltage support are not provided, mean by following expression formula:
U < 20 % U N I IIDG = 0 ;
Wherein: U nrated voltage for the inverter type distributed power source; The maximum output voltage that U is the inverter type distributed power source; I iIDGmaximum output current for the inverter type distributed power source; I iIDG-Nrated current for the inverter type distributed power source; P iIDG-OUTpeak power output for the inverter type distributed power source; P iIDG-Nrated power for the inverter type distributed power source.
Further, in described step (4), in conjunction with system power supply state parameter (parameter comprises voltage and system impedance), distributed power source fault output characteristics after electric network composition parameter (comprising line impedance parameter and line current parameter), fault, adopt the method for iteration, determine distribution network line current flowing and each node voltage in each typical case's time period.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention reaches is:
The present invention is by the electro-magnetic transient characteristic of taking into account load model, typical electric rotating type distributed power source, control strategy and the requirement of access power distribution network of inverter type distributed power source, set up the transient state Equivalent Model of new distributed power source access power distribution network, consider the control strategy of the requirement of distribution side system and inverter, can reflect more truly distribution network line fault electric current and voltage characteristic after distributed power source accesses; Set up on this basis new stage distribution network failure analytical model-; this analytical model has embodied the fault progression characteristic of electric system; meet the requirement of adjusting of stage current protection; improved the accuracy of fault analysis; for the distributed power source access distribution protection aspect such as adjust provides the foundation of science, there is very strong practicality in engineering practice.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the failure analysis methods of distributed power source access power distribution network provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is distribution network system equivalent model figure provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The process flow diagram of the failure analysis methods of distributed power source access power distribution network provided by the invention as shown in Figure 1, comprises the steps (in following step, each variable all means per unit value):
(1) gather the data of distributed power source access power distribution network, comprise: obtain system power supply capacity of short circuit, the line parameter circuit value in distribution feeder exit, by the voltage and current that measures the feeder line exit, the stable state load current of each circuit and output power and the electric current of each distributed power source.
(2) determine voltage, the magnitude of current and the equivalent load impedance of each node of distribution feeder: the load impedance of electrical network access calculates in conjunction with the KVL equation by the above-mentioned electric parameters measured, in conjunction with the load type in actual area, load impedance is resolved into to all kinds of equiva lent impedances (permanent power, constant voltage, constant-impedance etc.) in proportion again.
After fault occurs, the system power supply side short-circuit impedance that system adopts capacity of short circuit to calculate;
(3) respectively electric rotating type distributed power source and inverter type distributed power source are carried out to fault analysis:
After A, fault occur, for electric rotating type distributed power source, according to the syllogic current protection that fault-time is corresponding, adjust actuation time, get corresponding reactance value and carry out fault current calculating.
For electric rotating type distributed power source, synchronous generator and asynchronous generator etc. is treated with a certain discrimination.As: in the 100ms after fault occurs, synchronous electric type distributed power source adopts subtranient reactance to carry out fault current calculating; In 500ms after fault occurs, adopt the transient state reactance to carry out fault current calculating; After occurring, fault more than 500ms, adopt synchronous reactance to carry out stable fault currents calculating.For other distributed power sources such as asynchronous machine types, can be with reference to said method.Rotary synchronous motor-type distributed power source and rotation asynchronous machine type distributed power source all adopt following expression formula to calculate fault current:
X = X d &prime; &prime; , 0 &le; t < 100 ms X d &prime; , 100 ms &le; t < 500 ms X d , 500 ms &le; t ;
After B, fault occur, under serious failure condition, the control strategy of taking into account inverter and electrical network demand match, and the condition that the fault current output characteristics of the inverter of retrodicting out should be satisfied is write equation side by side.
After fault, the maximum output current of inverter is for being less than or equal to 1.5 times of rated current, and the inverter peak power output is less than rated power simultaneously, limited by peak power and maximum output current, by following expression formula, means:
20 % U N &le; U &le; 85 % U N I IIDG &le; 1.5 I IIDG - N P IIDG - OUT &le; P IIDG - N ;
And the correlation technique that simultaneously meets distributed power source access power supply is stipulated or requirement, when correlation technique regulation or requirement comprise inverter endpiece metallicity fault, the outlet voltage of inverter is less than system voltage 20%, inverter is by automatic blocking in half cycle, fault current and voltage support are not provided, mean by following expression formula:
U < 20 % U N I IIDG = 0 ;
Wherein: U nrated voltage for the inverter type distributed power source; The maximum output voltage that U is the inverter type distributed power source; I iIDGmaximum output current for the inverter type distributed power source; I iIDG-Nrated current for the inverter type distributed power source; P iIDG-OUTpeak power output for the inverter type distributed power source; P iIDG-Nrated power for the inverter type distributed power source.
(4) in conjunction with system power supply state parameter, distributed power source fault output characteristics after electric network composition parameter, fault, adopt the method for iteration, can obtain more accurate each line flows excess current and each node voltage in each typical case's time period.According to the different faults developing stage, the transient Model that upgrades in time, obtain fault current, the voltage characteristic of different phase.
(5) judge whether to meet limit value, if meet limit value, finish the fault analysis flow process; Otherwise the average that to get iterative value be calculated value and limit value is also returned to step (4).
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, in two class distributed power sources (IDG means electric rotating type distributed power source, and IIDG means the inverter type distributed power source) access power distribution network, E sand Z sbe respectively voltage and the impedance equivalent parameters of system power supply.The bus-bar potential transformer PT of feeder line outlet can measuring voltage.In circuit, black rectangle means switch, and possesses current measurement function; In circuit, white rectangle is the circuit equivalent impedance.Symbol S means the load of different location with different subscripts.Numerical value in embodiment all has been converted to perunit value.
(1) acquisition system supply voltage and current parameters, line impedance parameter, line current parameter, electric rotating type distributed power source parameter send power, inverse distributed power parameter to send power on reaching on reaching;
(2) utilize the KVL equation, adopt the method for recursion, calculate voltage and the equivalent load impedance of each node of distribution feeder;
As voltage that known bus A is ordered, and known flow crosses the electric current of circuit AB, can calculate the voltage that B is ordered.
U B＝U A-I ABZ AB <1>；
Power and node voltage that known distribution formula power supply provides can calculate the electric current that distributed power source provides:
I IDG＝S IDG/U B <2>；
By the KCL law, can calculate the node load electric current:
I LB＝I AB+I IDG-I BC <3>；
Thereby calculate node load:
S LB＝U BI LB <4>；
In this example, regional load is comprised of 50% constant impedance and 50% motor, needs load equivalently represented by respective formula.Wherein, the constant-impedance model can be expressed as:
S LOAD＝S N(aU 2) <5>；
The S that can utilize steady state measurement to obtain lOADwith the U tried to achieve, obtain coefficient a;
And motor can be according to the starting current I of typical motor iNTinverse obtain the numerical value of subtranient reactance, and the 5.0-7.0 that the multiple of starting current is generally rated current doubly between, can try to achieve thus the numerical value of subtranient reactance, its expression formula is:
X” M＝1/I INT <6>；
After 100ms, the current attenuation of motor feedback is very fast, can ignore afterwards its impact, thereby obtain the load expressions formula in fault transient process.
(3) after fault occurs, for electric rotating type distributed power source, according to the syllogic current protection that fault-time is corresponding, adjust actuation time, get corresponding reactance value and carry out fault current calculating.For electric rotating type distributed power source, synchronous generator and asynchronous generator etc. is treated with a certain discrimination.As: in the 100ms after fault occurs, synchronous electric type distributed power source adopts subtranient reactance X " dcarry out fault current calculating; In 500ms after fault occurs, adopt transient state reactance X ' dcarry out fault current calculating; After occurring, fault more than 500ms, adopts synchronous reactance X dcarry out stable fault currents calculating.For other distributed power sources such as asynchronous machine types, also can be with reference to said method.
X = X d &prime; &prime; , 0 &le; t < 100 ms X d &prime; , 100 ms &le; t < 500 ms X d , 500 ms &le; t - - - < 7 > ;
For the inverter type distributed power source, under serious failure condition, the control strategy of taking into account inverter and electrical network demand match, and the condition that the fault current output characteristics of the inverter of retrodicting out should be satisfied is write equation side by side.After fault, the maximum output current of inverter is 1.5 times of rated current, the inverter peak power output is less than rated power simultaneously, limited by peak power and maximum output current, and the correlation technique that simultaneously meets distributed power source access power supply is stipulated or requirement, when correlation technique regulation or requirement comprise inverter endpiece generation metallicity fault, the outlet voltage of inverter is less than system voltage 20%, inverter, by automatic blocking in half cycle, does not provide fault current and voltage support.
Need to meet following equation:
U < 20 % U N I IIDG = 0 - - - < 8 > ;
20 % U N &le; U &le; 85 % U N I IIDG &le; 1.5 I IIDG - N P IIDG - OUT &le; P IIDG - N - - - < 9 > ;
(4) in conjunction with system power supply state parameter, distributed power source fault output characteristics after electric network composition parameter, fault, adopt the method for iteration, can obtain more accurate each line flows excess current and each node voltage in each typical case's time period.
In an embodiment, by the measurements and calculations under steady state conditions, obtain the load expressions formula of each node.After fault occurs, the transient state parameter of system power supply parameter, electric rotating type distributed power source is all known, and the transient state output characteristics of inverter type distributed power source can suppose that output current is known quantity, as Rule of judgment, need to meet relational expression in step (4)<8 by node voltage and output power > or<9.
(5) judge whether to meet limit value, if meet limit value, finish the fault analysis flow process; Otherwise the average that to get iterative value be calculated value and limit value is also returned to step (4).
As: K breaks down, and ignores the load impact of B place, supposes the fault current I that distributed power source IIDG provides iIDGinitial value is 0 o'clock, and the parameter according to power distribution network in (4), in conjunction with the KVL equation, can obtain the voltage U that B is ordered b.
U B＝U A-Z ABI AB <10>；
Now the voltage of distributed power source is U bif, U bmeet inequality<8>, the fault current I that distributed power source IIDG provides iIDGiterative value be:
I IIDG＝(0+I IIDG-N)/2 <11>；
As the U tried to achieve ball meet inequality<8 with the distributed power source output power>, finish the fault analysis flow process.
The failure analysis methods of distributed power source access power distribution network provided by the invention, fault transient characteristic and control strategy in conjunction with exemplary distribution formula power supply, consider the requirement of its access power distribution network, utilize the Equivalent Network simplifying method to obtain systematic parameter and load parameter, utilize the electromagnetic transient analysis theory to obtain the equiva lent impedance model of electric rotating type distributed power source, utilize the relevant regulations of distributed power source access electrical network simultaneously, control strategy in conjunction with inverter obtains the output characteristics of inverter type distributed power source in failure process, utilize the method for iteration to calculate electric current and the voltage that rear each line flows of fault generation is crossed, thereby realized the Faults Characteristic Analysis of distributed power source access power distribution network.Compared with prior art, the present invention has improved the accuracy that distribution network failure is analyzed, and can coordinate the acting characteristic of analysis phase formula current protection, thereby can improve, improves the protection Reliability of Microprocessor.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment, the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the failure analysis methods of distributed power source access power distribution network, described distributed power source comprises electric rotating type distributed power source and inverter type distributed power source; It is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
(1) gather the data of distributed power source access power distribution network;
(2) determine voltage, the magnitude of current and the equivalent load impedance of each node of distribution feeder;
(3) respectively electric rotating type distributed power source and inverter type distributed power source are carried out to fault analysis;
(4) determine the voltage and current of each node of distribution feeder;
(5) judge whether to meet limit value, if meet limit value, finish the fault analysis flow process; Otherwise the average that to get iterative value be calculated value and limit value is also returned to step (4).
2. failure analysis methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), the data of distributed power source access power distribution network comprise: power distribution network supply voltage and current parameters, line impedance parameter, line current parameter, electric rotating type distributed power source parameter and inverse distributed power parameter.
3. failure analysis methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), utilizes the KVL equation, adopts recurrence method, determines voltage, the magnitude of current and the equivalent load impedance of each node of distribution feeder; Described equivalent load impedance comprises permanent power impedance, constant voltage impedance and constant-impedance.
4. failure analysis methods as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that; in described step (3); after distribution network failure occurs; electric rotating type distributed power source is carried out to fault analysis to be comprised: adjust actuation time according to the syllogic current protection that fault-time is corresponding, get corresponding reactance value and carry out fault current calculating.
5. failure analysis methods as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described electric rotating type distributed power source comprises rotary synchronous motor-type distributed power source and rotation asynchronous machine type distributed power source, and rotary synchronous motor-type distributed power source and rotation asynchronous machine type distributed power source all adopt following expression formula to calculate fault current:
X = X d &prime; &prime; , 0 &le; t < 100 ms X d &prime; , 100 ms &le; t < 500 ms X d , 500 ms &le; t ;
In the 100ms after fault occurs, adopt subtranient reactance X " dcarry out fault current calculating; In 500ms after fault occurs, adopt transient state reactance X ' dcarry out fault current calculating; After occurring, fault more than 500ms, adopts synchronous reactance X dcarry out stable fault currents calculating.
6. failure analysis methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (3), after distribution network failure occurs, the inverter type distributed power source is carried out to fault analysis to be comprised: after fault, the maximum output current of inverter type distributed power source is less than or equal to 1.5 times of rated current, peak power output is less than rated power, limited by peak power and maximum output current, by following expression formula, means:
20 % U N &le; U &le; 85 % U N I IIDG &le; 1.5 I IIDG - N P IIDG - OUT &le; P IIDG - N ;
And meet distributed power source access Power Supplies Condition simultaneously, when distributed power source access Power Supplies Condition comprises inverter endpiece generation metallicity fault, the outlet voltage of inverter is less than system voltage 20%, half cycle of inverter is interior by automatic blocking, fault current and voltage support are not provided, mean by following expression formula:
U < 20 % U N I IIDG = 0 ;
Wherein: U nrated voltage for the inverter type distributed power source; The maximum output voltage that U is the inverter type distributed power source; I iIDGmaximum output current for the inverter type distributed power source; I iIDG-Nrated current for the inverter type distributed power source; P iIDG-OUTpeak power output for the inverter type distributed power source; P iIDG-Nrated power for the inverter type distributed power source.
7. failure analysis methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (4), in conjunction with system power supply state parameter, distributed power source fault output characteristics after electric network composition parameter, fault, adopt the method for iteration, determine distribution network line current flowing and each node voltage in each typical case's time period.
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CN110880764A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-03-13 华南理工大学 Fault processing method for unbalanced distribution network containing inverter type distributed power supply
CN110880764B (en) * 2019-10-30 2023-05-23 华南理工大学 Fault processing method for unbalanced distribution network containing inversion type distributed power supply
CN111368249A (en) * 2020-03-11 2020-07-03 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Full-time-domain short-circuit current calculation method suitable for new energy power supply and related device
CN111368249B (en) * 2020-03-11 2023-08-04 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Full-time-domain short-circuit current calculation method and related device suitable for new energy power supply
CN113156270A (en) * 2021-05-19 2021-07-23 华北电力大学 Fault transient calculation method for inverter type distributed power supply high-proportion penetration power distribution network
CN113156270B (en) * 2021-05-19 2022-07-15 华北电力大学 Fault transient calculation method for inverter type distributed power supply high-proportion penetration power distribution network
CN114113882A (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-03-01 国网山东省电力公司青岛供电公司 Power transmission line fault positioning method and system based on fuzzy calculation

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