CN103514363B - A kind of electric power networks back-up protection on-line tuning method based on increment factor - Google Patents
A kind of electric power networks back-up protection on-line tuning method based on increment factor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electric power networks back-up protection on-line tuning method based on increment factor.The deficiency that prior art exists at aspects such as back-up protection definite value adaptability, difficulty of adjusting, efficiency of adjusting.The present invention is precalculated increment factor coefficient before utilizing changes of operating modes; increment factor is formed in conjunction with the changes of operating modes amount information obtained in real time; after making changes of operating modes, adjusting system is without carrying out calculation of fault; can quickly calculate the braning factor of back-up protection, and then calculate the new definite value of protection.The present invention can change the quantity of adjusting of back-up protection by adjusting, and balances the contradiction between efficiency and definite value accuracy of adjusting, and solves not enough and surplus of adjusting problem of adjusting.When occurring due to changes of operating modes, adjust in real time and only carry out simple four arithmetic operation, it is not necessary to the calculation of fault of complexity is repeated, calculate speed and stablize soon.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of relay protection in power, be specifically related to a kind of electric power networks back-up protection on-line tuning side
Method.
Background technology
Back-up protection based on single-end electrical quantity, the protection domain of its definite value tends to rely on electric network composition and operation side
Formula.When the method for operation changes, protection domain can reduce or surmount.Back-up protection definite value is calculated off line at present, i.e.
Selecting a range of method of operation to calculate, thus obtained definite value is frequently not optimal under certain concrete mode.
Along with the development of the new energy technology such as wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, number of power sources and kind increase, electrical network scale the most constantly increases simultaneously, fortune
Line mode complexity improves day by day, and back-up protection off-line setting calculation difficulty is increasing, and reliable to back-up protection definite value of electrical network
Property require more and more higher.In this context, it is achieved back-up protection is adjusted the most urgent the most in real time.
For a long time, both at home and abroad protection definite value on-line tuning having been carried out substantial amounts of theoretical research, some achievement is in radiation
Property network or simple looped network in obtain application, but be applied to the loop network system of complexity or joining containing high permeability distributed power generation
Electrical network there is also the biggest challenge.Main difficulty is that back-up protection definite value may not catch up with the change of the method for operation in line computation speed
Change speed.Such as when electrical network primary fault, protection correct operation excision faulty equipment, the new method of operation produces, part standby
Protection definite value should calculate rapidly and update, if updating not in time, it is possible to induction back-up protection incorrect operation, produces new fortune
Line mode, until developing into cascading trip accident.
Changes of operating modes is different on the impact of diverse location back-up protection definite value, therefore to weigh firstly the need of determining
The back-up protection scope newly adjusted, then quickly calculates new definite value.At present, the determination of setting range mainly has following two side
Method.One be at changes of operating modes centered by, use automatic expanded scope pattern the most outwards to search for, verification protection is fixed
Value.Another kind is to flow through the short circuit current difference of protection as foundation before and after change, calculates protection definite value coverage.Above-mentioned
Method is all to be realized by accident analysis after changes of operating modes.Changes of operating modes typically will not make the admittance square of network
Battle array is extensive to be changed, and only a small amount of electric parameter needs amendment.When network size is bigger, disappearing unit and changing by admittance matrix
In generation, carries out accident analysis and can consume the too much time, affects on-line tuning speed.During additionally, be applied to large-scale complicated looped network,
Owing to main back-up protection to be determined is many to quantity, the lance that part protection seting is not enough and part protection seting is superfluous easily occurs
Shield situation.
Back-up protection is typically by obtaining definite value with neighbouring device protection cooperation, such as nearly back-up protection generally and neighbouring device
Main protection coordinate, remote back-up protection then coordinates with the nearly back-up protection of neighbouring device.During fiting tuning calculates, if whole
The electric current that locking equipment and cooperating equipment flow through is inconsistent, needs to introduce braning factor.When network running mode changes, after
Standby protection definite value, the need of recalculating, depends on whether braning factor changes and situation of change.Therefore, by one
Fixed analysis or calculating determine the situation of change of braning factor, are the emphasis realizing back-up protection on-line tuning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to what prior art existed at aspects such as back-up protection definite value adaptability, difficulty of adjusting, efficiency of adjusting
Not enough, it is proposed that back-up protection on-line tuning method based on increment factor: precalculated increasing before utilizing changes of operating modes
Amount factor coefficient, forms increment factor in conjunction with the changes of operating modes amount information obtained in real time, adjusts after making changes of operating modes
System, without carrying out calculation of fault, can quickly calculate the braning factor of back-up protection, and then calculate the new definite value of protection.
In the past, braning factor be based on changes of operating modes after network solved by calculation of fault, and carry out
It it is the fault analysis model with the earth as reference voltage during calculation of fault.The inventive method, is with voltage source outlet for reference to electricity
Pressure sets up fault analysis model, is analyzed the braning factor expression formula before and after changes of operating modes, obtains following expression
Formula:, wherein, m represents the change multiplying power of braning factor before and after changes of operating modes；A, B are referred to as increment factor, they
Respectively equal to:,；A, b are corresponding increment factor constant coefficient, by leading before changes of operating modes
Matrix procession formula of receiving calculates and tries to achieve in advance；It is the admittance parameter variable quantity that causes of changes of operating modes, in the method for operation
Could obtain after change.Therefore the variable quantity information that constant a, b that calculated in advance obtains obtains after combining changes of operating modes can
To determine rapidly the numerical value of A, B, and then the braning factor after changes of operating modes can be tried to achieve, further can be according to setting principle meter
Calculate the new definite value of protection after obtaining changes of operating modes.As can be seen here, the present invention carries out increment factor before changes of operating modes
The calculating of coefficient, after changes of operating modes, can calculate the new definite value of protection by simple four arithmetic operation, therefore calculate speed
Degree is fast, and efficiency is high, and definite value is optimal under new paragon.
Additionally, due to unplanned changes of operating modes during Operation of Electric Systems usually excises operation, such as element fault
Excision, the most generally<0.As a=b, m=1, show that braning factor is constant；When a<during b, m>1, braning factor
To increase；As a>b time, m<1, show braning factor will reduce.ThereforeSize can reflect protection to a certain extent
The intensity of variation of braning factor before and after changes of operating modes.If meeting judgement formula, so that it may think that this protection branch is
Number is constant,It it is a positive number the least.
Use the studies above achievement can realize back-up protection on-line tuning scheme, by example calculation, show we
It is fast that case calculates speed, can realize the best protection fixed value calculation under current way.
The inventive method is made up of online precomputation and two parts of adjusting in real time, comprises the following steps:
The online pre-computation phase of step 1., first obtains the topological structure of electric power networks under the current method of operation.
It is right that step 2. traverses network forms back-up protection cooperation.
It is right that step 3. coordinates for each back-up protection, determines calculation of fault model.Specifically: set the guarantor of mating protection
Protect end-of-range to break down, set up Nodal admittance equation with ideal voltage source outlet for reference voltage, wherein Y is
Bus admittance matrix, U is node voltage column vector, and I is node injection current column vector, only 2 nonzero elements.
Step 4. calculates back-up protection braning factor under the current method of operation.The circuit of adjusting assuming back-up protection place is
Pq, the fault current flow through is, mating protection place circuit is qs, and trouble point is the protection domain end k of mating protection, stream
The fault current crossing mating protection is, then braning factorFor:,
Wherein、For the branch admittance parameter between corresponding node,For the voltage of respective nodes,Can
The calculation of fault model set up by step 3 is tried to achieve by Nodal admittance equation, andVoltage be-1 because voltage source outlet be
Reference voltage.
Step 5. travels through the element that the method for operation may change increment factor coefficient a, b of calculating correspondence.Specifically: root
According to element mode change on network topology produce affect difference can be divided into power supply class change and circuit class change two kinds, inhomogeneity
Type solves constant coefficient a of increment factor, b by the following method:
(1) power supply class component change
If the node i that source element connects differs from when adjusting line node p and q, calculation of fault model energy based on step 3
Enough it is derived from:Wherein,For the determinant of admittance matrix Y,、Replace respectively for I vector
The pth of Y matrix, q row gained determinant of a matrix,、、Correspondence respectively、、In the i-th row, i-th row
The algebraic complement of element.
If node i overlaps with node p, this calculating formula should be:。
If node i overlaps with node q, this calculating formula should be:。
(2) circuit class component change
If the node i of circuit class component and j all differ from when adjusting line node p and q, can obtain。
Wherein,, and、、It is respectivelyIn the algebraic complement of certain element,
Subscript i.e. represents that the row and column of this element, the most respectively jth row the i-th column element, jth row jth column element, the i-th row jth arrange unit
Element；,, in formula, variable-definition is with front
Face is similar to, and is、The algebraic complement of position element shown in middle subscript.
If node i overlaps as same node with node p, it is then:, wherein。
If node i overlaps as same node with node q, it is then:, wherein。
If node j and node p overlaps as same node, it is then:, wherein。
If node j and node q overlaps as same node, it is then:, wherein
Step 6. determines back-up protection setting range.Specifically: a, b substitution criterion that step 5 is tried to achieve:,
For the less positive number determined according to electrical network scale and operation characteristic, rationally selectEfficiency of adjusting can be balanced accurate with definite value
Really property, whenSetting range can be caused time the least excessive and affect efficiency of adjusting, andCan cause time the biggest protecting too much continuing to use
Original value and reduce the accuracy of definite value.If meeting inequality, i.e. think that such changes of operating modes is to this back-up protection pair
Braning factor impact is less, it is not necessary to again adjusts, otherwise then belongs to and need setting range.
Step 7. repeats step 3-6, until whole back-up protections are under various possible changes of operating modes in network
Increment factor coefficient a, b calculate complete, and complete the determination of protection seting scope, the end-of-job of online precomputation part.
Steps 8. etc. are to be triggered, start on-line tuning flow process.Specifically: on-line tuning system and the EMS/SCADA of electrical network
Real-time monitoring system is associated, if electrical network occur changes of operating modes, on-line tuning system receive changes of operating modes element and
The admittance parameter variable quantity that change causes, start on-line tuning flow process.
Step 9., according to changes of operating modes position of components information, is found out under this changes of operating modes that step 6 determines whole
All back-up protections in the range of Ding are to increment factor coefficient a, b value when this element changes of operating modes.
Step 10. calculates the braning factor after increment factor A, B and change.Specifically: first basis,
Calculate increment factor A, B, then basisTry to achieve braning factor change multiplying power, finally calculateIt is exactly to run
Mode change after braning factor.
Step 11. substitutes into new braning factor according to the tuning formulae of back-up protection, tries to achieve the new definite value of protection.
Step 12. repeats step 10-11, until the back-up protection fixed value calculation in setting range is fully completed.This fortune
The on-line tuning that line mode change causes terminates, and the current method of operation updates, and enters online precomputation, i.e. returns to step 1.
The present invention utilizes precalculated back-up protection increment factor coefficient, when network running mode changes, according to change
Change amount can quickly calculate the change multiplying power of braning factor, and then calculates the back-up protection definite value made new advances, it is achieved on-line tuning.Logical
Cross adjustmentThe quantity of adjusting of back-up protection can be changed, balance the contradiction between efficiency and definite value accuracy of adjusting, solve to adjust not
Foot and superfluous problem of adjusting.When occurring due to changes of operating modes, adjust in real time and only carry out simple four arithmetic operation, it is not necessary to be anti-
The multiple calculation of fault carrying out complexity, calculates speed and stablizes soon.
Detailed description of the invention
The online pre-computation phase of step 1., first obtains the topological structure of electric power networks under the current method of operation, uses admittance
Matrix Y represents.
It is right that step 2. traverses network forms back-up protection cooperation.Specifically near back-up protection is generally and adjacent lines main protection
Coordinating, remote back-up protection generally back-up protection near with adjacent lines coordinates.
It is right that step 3. coordinates for each back-up protection, determines calculation of fault model.Specifically: first set mating protection
Protection domain end break down, as a example by distance protection, nearly back-up protection trouble point is arranged on the position of adjacent lines 80%
Putting, remote back-up protection can be arranged on adjacent lines end.Then set up node with ideal voltage source outlet for reference voltage to lead
Receive equation, wherein Y is the bus admittance matrix that step 1 obtains, and U is with ideal voltage source outlet as reference voltage
Node voltage column vector, I is node injection current column vector, and the most only 2 nonzero elements, the i.e. two-end-point of fault branch arrive
2 tributaries of ideal voltage source outlet may utilize Nortons theorem equivalence and go out current source.
Step 4. calculates back-up protection braning factor under the current method of operation.Assume the line of adjusting at back-up protection place
Road is pq, and the fault current flow through is, mating protection place circuit is qs, and trouble point is the protection domain end of mating protection
K, then the fault current flowing through mating protection is, then braning factorFor:, its
In、For the branch admittance parameter between corresponding node,For the voltage of respective nodes,Can lead to
The calculation of fault model crossing step 3 foundation is tried to achieve by Nodal admittance equation, andVoltage be-1 because voltage source outlet for ginseng
Examine voltage.
Step 5. travels through the element that the method for operation may change increment factor coefficient a, b of calculating correspondence.Specifically: root
According to element mode change on network topology produce affect difference can be divided into power supply class change and circuit class change two kinds, inhomogeneity
Type solves increment factor coefficient a, b by the following method:
(1) power supply class component change
If the node i that source element connects differs from when adjusting line node p and q, calculation of fault model energy based on step 3
Enough it is derived from:Wherein,For the determinant of admittance matrix Y,、Y is replaced respectively for I vector
The pth of matrix, q row gained determinant of a matrix,、、Correspondence respectively、、In the i-th row, i-th row
The algebraic complement of element.
If node i overlaps with node p, this calculating formula should be:。
If node i overlaps with node q, this calculating formula should be:。
(2) circuit class component change
If the node i of circuit class component and j all differ from when adjusting line node p and q, can obtain。
Wherein,, and、、It is respectivelyIn certain element algebraically more than
Minor, subscript i.e. represents the row and column of this element, the most respectively jth row the i-th column element, jth row jth column element, the i-th row jth
Column element；,, variable-definition in formula
With similar, it is、The algebraic complement of position element shown in middle subscript.
If node i overlaps as same node with node p, it is then:, wherein。
If node i overlaps as same node with node q, it is then:, wherein。
If node j and node p overlaps as same node, it is then:, wherein。
If node j and node q overlaps as same node, it is then:, wherein
Step 6. determines back-up protection setting range.Specifically: a, b substitution criterion that step 5 is tried to achieve:,For the less positive number determined according to electrical network scale and operation characteristic, rationally selectAdjust efficiency and definite value can be balanced
Accuracy, whenThe excessive impact of setting range can be caused time the least to adjust efficiency, andCan cause time the biggest protecting too much continuing to use
Original value and reduce the accuracy of definite value.If meeting inequality, i.e. think that such changes of operating modes is to this back-up protection pair
Braning factor impact is less, it is not necessary to again adjusts, otherwise then belongs to and need setting range.
Step 7. repeats step 3-6, until whole back-up protections are under various possible changes of operating modes in network
Increment factor coefficient a, b calculate complete, and complete the determination of protection seting scope, the end-of-job of online precomputation part.
Steps 8. etc. are to be triggered, start on-line tuning flow process.Specifically: on-line tuning system and the EMS/SCADA of electrical network
Real-time monitoring system is associated, if electrical network occur changes of operating modes, on-line tuning system receive changes of operating modes element and
The admittance parameter variable quantity that change causes, start on-line tuning flow process.
Step 9., according to changes of operating modes position of components information, is found out under this changes of operating modes that step 6 determines whole
All back-up protections in the range of Ding are to increment factor coefficient a, b value when this element changes of operating modes.
Step 10. calculates the braning factor after increment factor A, B and change.Specifically: first basis,
Calculate increment factor A, B, then basisTry to achieve braning factor change multiplying power, after finally calculating changes of operating modes
Braning factor, i.e.。
Step 11. substitutes into new braning factor according to the tuning formulae of back-up protection, tries to achieve the new definite value of protection.
Step 12. repeats step 10-11, until the back-up protection fixed value calculation in setting range is fully completed.This fortune
The on-line tuning that line mode change causes terminates, and the current method of operation updates, and enters online precomputation, i.e. returns to step 1.
Claims (1)
1. an electric power networks back-up protection on-line tuning method based on increment factor, it is characterised in that: the method is by online
Precomputation and two parts of adjusting in real time composition；
Online precomputation:
Step 1. obtains the topological structure of electric power networks under the current method of operation；
It is right that step 2. travels through electric power networks formation back-up protection cooperation；
It is right that step 3. coordinates for each back-up protection, determines calculation of fault model；Specifically: set the protection model of mating protection
Enclosing end to break down, set up Nodal admittance equation YU=I with ideal voltage source outlet for reference voltage, wherein Y is that node is led
Receiving matrix, U is node voltage column vector, and I is node injection current column vector, and I only has two nonzero elements；
Step 4. calculates back-up protection braning factor under the current method of operation；If the circuit of adjusting at back-up protection place is
Pq, the fault current flow through is ipq, mating protection place circuit is qs, and trouble point is the protection domain end k of mating protection, stream
The fault current crossing mating protection is iqk, then braning factor kbFor:
Wherein yqk、ypqFor the branch admittance parameter between corresponding node, up、uq、ukFor the voltage of respective nodes, can be set up by step 3
Calculation of fault model tried to achieve by Nodal admittance equation；
Step 5. travels through the element that the method for operation may change increment factor coefficient a, b of calculating correspondence；Specifically: according to unit
Part mode change network topology is produced affect difference the change of power supply class and circuit class can be divided into change two kinds, dissimilar press
Constant coefficient a of increment factor, b is solved according to following method:
(1) power supply class component change
If the node i that source element connects differs from when adjusting line node p and q, calculation of fault model based on step 3 can push away
Lead and draw: Wherein, Δ is the determinant of admittance matrix Y, Δp、ΔqY matrix is replaced respectively for I vector
Pth, q row gained determinant of a matrix, Mii、The most corresponding Δ, Δp、ΔqIn the i-th row, the generation of the i-th column element
Number complementary minor；
If node i overlaps with node p, this calculating formula should be:
If node i overlaps with node q, this calculating formula should be:
(2) circuit class component change
If the node i of circuit class component and j all differ from when adjusting line node p and q, can obtain Its
In, AndIt is Δ respectivelypIn the algebraically minor of certain element
Formula, subscript i.e. represents the row and column of this element, the most respectively jth row the i-th column element, jth row jth column element, the i-th row jth row
Element； In formula variable-definition with
Above it is similar to, is Δq, the algebraic complement of position element shown in subscript in Δ；
If node i overlaps as same node with node p, it is then: Wherein
If node i overlaps as same node with node q, it is then: Wherein
If node j and node p overlaps as same node, it is then: Wherein
If node j and node q overlaps as same node, it is then: Wherein
Step 6. determines back-up protection setting range；Specifically: it is root that a, b step 5 tried to achieve substitutes into criterion: | a-b |≤ε, ε
The positive number determined according to electrical network scale and operation characteristic, if meeting inequality, i.e. thinks that such changes of operating modes is to after this
Standby protection on braning factor impact less, it is not necessary to again adjust, otherwise then belong to and need setting range；
Step 7. repeats step 3-6, until whole back-up protections are to the increment under various possible changes of operating modes in network
The factor coefficient a, b calculate complete, and complete the determination of protection seting scope, the end-of-job of online precomputation part；
Adjust in real time:
Steps 8. etc. are to be triggered, start on-line tuning flow process；Specifically: on-line tuning system is real-time with the EMS/SCADA of electrical network
Monitoring system is associated, if electrical network occurs that changes of operating modes, on-line tuning system receive changes of operating modes element and change
Admittance parameter variation delta y caused, starts on-line tuning flow process；
Step 9., according to changes of operating modes position of components information, finds out model of adjusting under this changes of operating modes that step 6 determines
Enclose interior all back-up protections to increment factor coefficient a, b value when this element changes of operating modes；
Step 10. calculates the braning factor after increment factor A, B and change；Specifically: first calculate according to A=a Δ y, B=b Δ y
Increment factor A, B, then basisTry to achieve braning factor change multiplying power, finally calculate m kbIt is exactly that the method for operation becomes
Braning factor after change；
Step 11. substitutes into new braning factor according to the tuning formulae of back-up protection, tries to achieve the new definite value of protection；
Step 12. repeats step 10-11, until the back-up protection fixed value calculation in setting range is fully completed；This operation side
The on-line tuning that formula change causes terminates, and the current method of operation updates, and enters online precomputation, i.e. returns to step 1.
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| CN111488695A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-08-04 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司 | Optimal probability setting calculation method for power grid line protection |
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| JP3829614B2 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2006-10-04 | 日新電機株式会社 | Digital type protective relay device |
| CN102545174A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-04 | 广东省电力调度中心 | Distance back-up protection setting method of ultrahigh voltage circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3829614B2 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2006-10-04 | 日新電機株式会社 | Digital type protective relay device |
| CN102545174A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-04 | 广东省电力调度中心 | Distance back-up protection setting method of ultrahigh voltage circuit |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 高压电网线路后备保护整定计算简化方案探讨;罗跃胜;《广东电力》;20120430;第25卷(第4期);第76-80页 * |
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