CN103487337B - Explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device - Google Patents
Explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103487337B CN103487337B CN201310393175.9A CN201310393175A CN103487337B CN 103487337 B CN103487337 B CN 103487337B CN 201310393175 A CN201310393175 A CN 201310393175A CN 103487337 B CN103487337 B CN 103487337B
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Abstract
The invention discloses and a kind of explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device is provided, comprise and load source component, shearing enforcement assembly and witness plate; Load source component to comprise detonator, drive explosive, cushion and driving steel plate; Explosive, cushion and driving steel plate is driven to be disk; Described detonator is fixed on circular drives explosive; Shear enforcement assembly and comprise main explosive, restriction body and pedestal; Explosive, cushion, driving steel plate and main explosive is driven to be placed in restriction body from the top down successively; The internal diameter of pedestal is less than the diameter of section of main explosive; Restriction body is arranged on pedestal; Witness plate is a cylinder, and pedestal is fixed on witness plate.Load testing machine of the present invention has impact and shears combined action, and there is high strain-rate, the present invention is for carrying out the explosive initiation test because impact shear effect causes, and it can meet the impact that research and exploitation impact shear compound action is lighted a fire on explosive loading.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to explosive performance test ing field, be specifically related to a kind of explosive charge and impact combined loading test device.
Background technology
The filling explosive loading of Penetrator Weapon warhead requires to run through in process at weapon penetration any unexpected reaction does not occur, and ensures its roadholding, to meet the actual combat demand of this kind of weapon application.Crash safety can be the important content of this type of ammunition research always, and the security be especially subject under outside high speed impact action condition for explosive loading becomes the focus of attention.Understanding and study explosive loading reacts under this kind of applied environment condition influence factor and response mechanism has great importance.
According to weapon practical application and test loading environment, explosive loading dynamic property can be divided into low speed to load dynamic property and High speed load dynamic property, or low strain dynamic dynamic property and Large strain dynamic property.Under Different Dynamic condition, change because of loading environment may cause explosive ignition mechanism different, cause the responsiveness of explosive loading far from each other, responsive state and the ignition mechanism thereof of only studying explosive loading under different loading environment methodically just can contribute to real understanding and grasp the intrinsic propesties of things.So for different loading speed testing requirements, corresponding test unit and test method need be designed.
At present, domesticly establish all kinds of shock load testing machine, for assessment of explosive to be subject under shock condition response characteristic, mainly comprise the methods such as the device that drops hammer greatly, Hopkinson bar, aerodynamic force big gun.Wherein, the dynamic load speed of large drop-weight test is lower, is generally in subsonic envelope, but modern hard goal weapon Penetration Speed is substantially more than velocity of sound; In terms of mechanics, the stress of large falling weight impact test device often higher (about 1GPa), but rate of strain is not high, cannot reflect the response of explosive under high strain rate condition, so test findings and realistic application conditions have larger difference.Hopkinson bar test unit is the most important research technique of domestic and international research material High speed load dynamic response mechanics performance, is widely used in various types of non-energetic material.Although loading stress and the rate of strain of Hopkinson bar test unit are higher, test dose is too little, is about about 10g, is difficult to reflection size effect to the impact of test findings.In addition, this kind of test unit mainly carries out in laboratory, and device parts price is expensive, can not carry out the performance study of energetic material, and especially explosive loading is in the research of the ignition mechanism of high strain rate loading environment.Aerodynamic force big gun load test method can not be used for the performance study loading explosive substance; Target range cannon loads, rocket sledge loads and often tests too costliness, is not suitable for phase of basic research needs.
In addition, people's specialized designs such as V.Boyle test battery device, is used for studying the ignition that explosive itself causes because of shear action.This device adopts piston actuated mode that impact shear effect is loaded on main explosive sample, obtains different explosive when shear rate is 30m/s and shears the minimum pressure ignited.The deficiency of device is the loading can only carrying out shear action, and loading speed is little, and strain rate is low, cannot reflect the thump stress that ammunition and penetration target Contact produce under high velocity impact conditions.
Above-mentioned experiment loading unit and the method mode of action single, the stressing conditions that explosive loading is complicated harsh in Penetration cannot be assessed, still not there is high strain-rate load test proving installation at present that impact and shear compound action simultaneously.Therefore, set up a set of explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device, for the impact that research and exploitation impact shear compound action is lighted a fire on explosive loading, for the design of penetration overload class ammunition provides research technique and assessment technology tool to be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the deficiency overcoming background technology, according to the feature of explosive in Penetrator Weapon mechanism, a kind of explosive charge is provided to impact combined loading test device, this device has impact and shears combined action, and there is high strain-rate, the present invention is for carrying out the explosive initiation test because impact shear effect causes, and it can meet the impact that research and exploitation impact shear compound action is lighted a fire on explosive loading.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme to be solved:
A kind of explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device, comprises and loads source component, shearing enforcement assembly and witness plate;
Described loading source component comprises detonator, drives explosive, cushion and driving steel plate; Described driving explosive, cushion and driving steel plate are disk; Described detonator is fixed on circular drives explosive;
Described shearing is implemented assembly and is comprised main explosive, restriction body and pedestal; Described main explosive is a cylinder; Described restriction body and pedestal is hollow cylinder and inner chamber is cylinder; Drive explosive, cushion, driving steel plate identical with the diameter of section of main explosive; The thickness of restriction body is not less than the thickness sum driving explosive, cushion, driving steel plate and main explosive; Drive explosive, cushion, driving steel plate and main explosive to be placed in restriction body and side from the top down successively and all contact restriction body inwall; The internal diameter of described pedestal is less than the diameter of section of main explosive, and the external diameter of pedestal is greater than the external diameter of restriction body; Described restriction body is arranged on pedestal;
Described witness plate is a cylinder, and the diameter of section of witness plate is greater than the external diameter of pedestal, and pedestal is fixed on witness plate.
The present invention also comprises following other technologies feature:
Described detonator adopts detonator seat to be fixed on the center of circular drives explosive.
Described restriction body is arranged on pedestal by the groove of pedestal upper surface.
The axial line of described pedestal, restriction body and witness plate overlaps.
Described driving explosive, cushion and driving steel plate thickness are separately 1-6mm, and diameter is 30-100mm.
The internal diameter of described restriction body is 30-100mm.
Design of the present invention is as follows:
Cause powder charge non-persistent in warhead Penetration a variety of because have, wherein shock wave causes charge detonates to be the-individual key factor that can not be ignored, can produce the shock stress (generally can reach hundreds of MPa even GPa) of high strength in Penetration instantaneously, be a kind of Strong Impact Loading mode.In addition, obtain high strength by traditional physical shock effect, high strain-rate enforcement is very difficult.Research shows, shock strength magnitude reaches as high as tens GPa, and under this effect, object produces rate of strain up to 10
4~ 10
5s
-1.How shock wave can be avoided again to cause charge detonates at acquisition high strength, high-strain-rate simultaneously? to this, the present invention devises the loading acting device being produced shock wave by explosive charge, this device by placing padded coaming (i.e. cushion) between driving explosive and main explosive, effectively reduce shock wave and load action intensity and shock wave peak value forward position, reach the required impact strength of test.
In addition, in projectile penetrating process, explosive loading is subject to high speed impact effect, in this environment, explosive self because of distribution of force uneven, in generation improved strain rate (10
4~ 10
5s
-1) and while being subject to greater impact stress (being greater than hundreds of MPa), often produce the shear action of explosive inside, produce micro-crack and Micro-v oid equivalent damage, form shear zone therein, under shock load, localized variation under this high strain-rate of explosive can cause obvious temperature rise in this region such as micro-crack and Micro-v oid, cause explosive meet accident " igniting " response.Therefore, the present invention, by producing the driving explosive of percussive action to main explosive and driving steel plate to be all designed to circle, to make main explosive uniform force, avoids above-mentioned accident " igniting " to respond phenomenon.
Current Impulsive load test unit can realize the high requirement of loading speed when dose is little; If but increasing dose must complete under the prerequisite reducing loading speed, there is certain contradiction in the two.And percussive action condition is single, impact and shear action can not act on explosive by loading simultaneously, thus can not reflect the actual application environment causing the shear action of inner explosive loading after being first subject to high speed impact effect in projectile penetrating process comprehensively.To this, the present invention has carried out testing preferably to the size of each parts, thus ensureing the dose increase and decrease realizing driving explosive under the condition that high strain-rate loads, and can also according to practical situations, suitably each part dimension of adjustment is with the demand of the dose of the main explosive of satisfied increase and decrease.
As shown in Figure 3, the driving explosive that the present invention selects adopts disc-shaped, source is loaded as sample using explosive charge, stable plane wave can be produced after blast, plane size chain is evenly propagated and by the attenuation of cushion shock wave, finally forms shock stress value (hundreds of MPa even GPa) needed for test and high strain-rate value (general rate of strain is 10
5s
-1scope above).Main explosive under the shock load of shock wave, by the driving steel plate impulse charge with some strength.Under all restrictive conditions of ring, detonation promotes main explosive column and moves to the inner chamber of pedestal, in reducing displacement process, shear action is there is between main explosive and pedestal surface of internal cavity, simultaneously, the shock wave produced owing to driving explosive charge through main explosive, thus constitutes the compound loading mode of impacting and shearing to main explosive.
The present invention is mainly used in the igniting features of response examining explosive under impact shear compound action condition, therefore must guarantee that test sample (i.e. main explosive) Impact Initiation can not occur under driving explosive charge percussive action, therefore before test is carried out, blank test need be carried out to main explosive, namely Impulsive load test is carried out under not having the condition of pedestal 7 with holes, according to the responsive state of witness plate, under determining the unresponsive situation of main explosive, then carry out follow-up impact shear test.Concrete impact shear process of the test is: under detonator effect, drive explosive charge to produce shock wave, and shock wave, after cushion decay, promotes to drive steel plate movement rapidly, makes winner's explosive clamp-on the inner chamber of pedestal, thus shear action occurs.
Apply load testing machine of the present invention and can reach test objective requirement, there is rationality and feasibility.Experiment results proved, under high speed impact loading environment, shear action can cause main explosive to light a fire.Shear action is impacted under dynamic high strain-rate loading environment for research research technique is provided on explosive igniting impact.
Compared with existing explosive charge load test test unit, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, by restriction body and the pedestal of hollow below it, utilize the effect loading source component, the present invention can reflect comprehensively be first subject to high speed impact effect in projectile penetrating process after cause the actual application environment of the shear action of inner explosive loading, make test findings truer.
2, the present invention has high strain-rate.
3, drive explosive to adopt disc-shaped to produce plane wave, and cushion and driving steel plate are disk, and initiation energy is evenly transmitted, make winner's explosive distribution of force even, the shear action avoiding main explosive inside causes accidental ignition to respond.
4, carried out the size Selection of each parts by test, while impact strength needed for impulsive force Pass Test is required, avoid main explosive initiation.
5, limit body, pedestal and witness plate coaxially to assemble successively with one heart, and the bottom surface of restriction body is fixed in the groove of pedestal, whole device system axle center is stablized.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further explanation is explained to the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of pedestal.
Fig. 3 is the design concept figure of shearing impact test.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device of the present invention, comprises and loads source component, shearing enforcement assembly and witness plate 8.
Described loading source component comprises detonator 1, driving explosive 2, cushion 3 and drives steel plate 4; Described driving explosive 2, cushion 3 and driving steel plate 4 are disk; Described detonator 1 adopts detonator seat to be fixed on the center of circular drives explosive 2.
Described shearing is implemented assembly and is comprised main explosive 5, restriction body 6 and pedestal 7; Described main explosive 5 is a cylinder; Described restriction body 6 and pedestal 7 is hollow cylinder and inner chamber is cylinder; Drive explosive 2, cushion 3, drive steel plate 4 identical with the diameter of section of main explosive 5; The thickness of restriction body 6 is not less than the thickness sum driving explosive 2, cushion 3, drive steel plate 4 and main explosive 5; Drive explosive 2, cushion 3, driving steel plate 4 and main explosive 5 to be placed in restriction body 6 and side from the top down successively and all contact restriction body 6 inwall; The internal diameter of described pedestal 7 is less than the diameter of section of main explosive 5, and the external diameter of pedestal 7 is greater than the external diameter of restriction body 6.Restriction body 6 is arranged on pedestal 7 by the groove of pedestal 7 upper surface middle part.
Described witness plate 8 is a cylinder.The diameter of section of witness plate 8 is greater than the external diameter of pedestal 7; Pedestal 7 is fixed on witness plate 8; The axial line of pedestal 7, restriction body 6 and witness plate 8 overlaps.
In the present invention, the selection of each parts is as follows:
Plain detonator selected by detonator 1, as 8# copper detonator or paper detonator.
Explosive 2 is driven to select the explosive with specific explosion property and concrete thickness according to actual needs, as flexible explosive or other explosive tablets;
The material of cushion 3 adopts the macromolecular material with attenuation characteristic, and as teflon or polyurethane, its thickness can adjust according to the difference of main explosive 5;
The thickness driving explosive 2, cushion 3 and driving steel plate 4 respective is 1-6mm, and diameter is 30-100mm.Through test, their respective more munificent degree are 2-4mm, and more excellent diameter is 40-50mm.
Described main explosive 5 determines its composition and density according to concrete testing requirements.Main explosive 5 adopts the powder column of single explosive to carry out experiment test, and density is surveyed accurate to 0.01g/cm
3, main explosive 5 answers flawless, shrinkage cavity or other defect, and smooth surface is smooth.
The material of described driving steel plate 4, restriction body 6, pedestal 7 and witness plate 8 is steel matter, as 45# steel matter.The internal diameter of restriction body 6 is 30-100mm; The thickness of witness plate 8 should be able to distinguish the igniting responsiveness of main explosive 5, is generally not less than 3mm.
The opening diameter of pedestal 7 can design according to testing requirements, is generally less than the diameter of main medicine column 5, forms shear zone between the two to ensure that main explosive 5 enters after in pedestal 7; The thickness of pedestal 7 should not be less than the thickness of restriction body 6, prevents compacted.The diameter of witness plate 8 should be greater than the external diameter of pedestal 7.
Below provide the preferred embodiment of the invention, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to following examples, all equivalents done on technical scheme basis all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment: follow technique scheme of the present invention, processing and the application process of the load testing machine in the present embodiment are as follows:
(1) manufacture
Metalwork of the present invention (comprise and drive steel plate 4, restriction body 6, pedestal 7 and witness plate 8) all adopts 45# stainless steel material to make.
8# copper detonator selected by detonator 1;
Drive the flexible explosive that explosive 2 adopts 88% Tai'an (PETN) 12% inert binder to be mixed; The material of cushion 3 is teflon, and end face is smooth.Drive the end face of steel plate 4 smooth.The thickness of this three is 2mm, and diameter is 50mm.
Main explosive 5 selects PBXN-109 explosive to be compressed to powder column, and powder column is of a size of Ф 50mm × 30mm.
Restriction body 6 is cylinder, and internal diameter is 50mm, and wall thickness is 20mm, is highly 40mm; End face flat smooth.
Pedestal 7 internal diameter is 25mm, height 35mm; End face flat smooth, there is the circular groove of the degree of depth 2mm base central position, and groove diameter is identical with restriction body 6 external diameter, is used for fixing restriction body 6 and prevents it from sliding.
Witness plate 8 thickness is 5mm, end face flat smooth.
(2) assemble
As shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned each assembly is fitted tightly assembling.Detonator seat that is wooden or foam is adopted detonator 1 to be fixed on the center of detonating powder 2.Detonating powder 2, cushion 3, driving steel plate 4 and main explosive 5 four are fitted successively and are assemblied in restriction body 6 cylinder, and the lower surface of main explosive 5 flushes with the lower surface of restriction body 6.Restriction body 6, pedestal 7 and witness plate 8 coaxially assemble with one heart successively, and the bottom surface of restriction body 6 is fixed in the groove of pedestal 7, and whole device system axle center is stablized.
(3) apply
Preferred dimension is that the PBXN-109 explosive of Ф 50mm × 30mm and PBX-1 explosive make powder column respectively, and carries out impact shear combined loading test respectively as main explosive 5.Wherein, PBX-1 explosive is mixed according to percentage by weight by following raw material: hexogen 64%, aluminium powder 20%, end hydroxy butadiene 4%, hexane diacid dibutyl ester 7%, vinyl acetate resin copolymer 4%, graphite 1%.PBXN-109 powder column adopts shaped charge machining to form; PBX-1 powder column utilizes Ф 50mm mould extruded.
Experiment results proved, under high speed impact loading environment, shear action can cause main explosive 5 to light a fire.Known by the destructiveness and sagging volume that compare witness plate 8, the response of PBXN-109 powder column is violent, and the response of PBX-1 explosive is gentle; And 1.8 times of the volume that sink when adopting PBXN-109 powder column to be to adopt PBX-1 powder column as the sagging volume of witness plate 8 during main explosive 5.The anti-shearing ability to function of known PBX-1 explosive is excellent compared with PBXN-109 explosive.
Claims (4)
1. an explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device, is characterized in that, comprises and loads source component, shearing enforcement assembly and witness plate (8);
Described loading source component comprises detonator (1), driving explosive (2), cushion (3) and drives steel plate (4); Described driving explosive (2), cushion (3) and driving steel plate (4) are disk; Described detonator (1) is fixed on circular drives explosive (2);
Described shearing is implemented assembly and is comprised main explosive (5), restriction body (6) and pedestal (7); Described main explosive (5) is a cylinder; Described restriction body (6) and pedestal (7) is hollow cylinder and inner chamber is cylinder; Drive explosive (2), cushion (3), drive steel plate (4) identical with the diameter of section of main explosive (5); The thickness of restriction body (6) is not less than the thickness sum driving explosive (2), cushion (3), drive steel plate (4) and main explosive (5); Drive explosive (2), cushion (3), driving steel plate (4) and main explosive (5) to be placed in restriction body (6) and side from the top down successively and all contact restriction body (6) inwall; The internal diameter of described pedestal (7) is less than the diameter of section of main explosive (5), and the external diameter of pedestal (7) is greater than the external diameter of restriction body (6); Described restriction body (6) is arranged on pedestal (7);
Described witness plate (8) is a cylinder, and the diameter of section of witness plate (8) is greater than the external diameter of pedestal (7), and pedestal (7) is fixed on witness plate (8);
Described driving explosive (2) cushion (3) and the thickness driving steel plate (4) respective are 1-6mm, and diameter is 30-100mm;
The internal diameter of described restriction body (6) is 30-100mm.
2. explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described detonator (1) adopts detonator seat to be fixed on the center of circular drives explosive (2).
3. explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described restriction body (6) is arranged on pedestal (7) by the groove of pedestal (7) upper surface.
4. explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the axial line coincidence of described pedestal (7), restriction body (6) and witness plate (8).
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310393175.9A CN103487337B (en) | 2013-09-02 | 2013-09-02 | Explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310393175.9A CN103487337B (en) | 2013-09-02 | 2013-09-02 | Explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device |
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| CN103487337A CN103487337A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| CN103487337B true CN103487337B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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| CN201310393175.9A Expired - Fee Related CN103487337B (en) | 2013-09-02 | 2013-09-02 | Explosive charge impact shear combined loading test device |
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| CN113030425B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2023-01-03 | 中北大学 | Explosive stability evaluation experimental device for equivalent simulation projectile penetration steel target |
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