CN107655936B - Booster critical ignition pressure measuring device - Google Patents
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- CN107655936B CN107655936B CN201710853135.6A CN201710853135A CN107655936B CN 107655936 B CN107655936 B CN 107655936B CN 201710853135 A CN201710853135 A CN 201710853135A CN 107655936 B CN107655936 B CN 107655936B
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Abstract
The application discloses booster critical ignition pressure measuring device, the problem that the weak impact ignition threshold of explosive does not have reliable test device has been solved, its rationale is that the detonation wave that utilizes main explosive detonation to produce acts on the quilt explosive after the baffle decay, arouse the quilt explosive to take place the reaction, the pit depth through the base formation, judge the reaction form of quilt explosive by the deformation of the casing etc. of sending, the device assembly is simple and convenient, the test method is feasible, high efficiency, can effectively collect unreacted explosive granule, can be through quantitative data, the phenomenon is observed and is synthesized and judge the reaction form of quilt explosive, this application has the commonality, the degree of accuracy is high, low cost's advantage, can provide technical support for the development of novel booster.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of explosive performance parameter experiments, and relates to a critical ignition pressure measuring device for booster explosive, which is mainly used for measuring the critical pressure of ignition of the booster explosive under the action of shock waves, and provides technical support for the development of novel booster explosive.
Background
The study of the impact initiation of non-ideal explosives involves two aspects, and for the purpose of reliable use, researchers wish to obtain the lowest shock wave pressure at which the booster is reliably initiated, i.e., the critical initiation pressure, and for safety reasons, researchers wish to know the lowest pressure at which accidental firing of the booster occurs, i.e., the critical firing pressure, and it is clear that the latter is a value lower than or equal to the former. At present, the SSGT test method for shock wave sensitivity of booster explosive is established in China, the test method for shock wave sensitivity of booster explosive is strictly specified in the GJB2178-1994 booster explosive safety test method, and the method is uniformly utilized to carry out tests, so that the test result can be ensured to be accurate and reliable, and the transverse comparability is realized. However, in the practical application process, the test data obtained by the test method is relative and is a relatively comparative sensitivity sequence, and the practical operation is difficult to guide, for example, whether the booster is safe or not under the condition of slightly lower than the critical detonation pressure and what degree of reaction occurs, the existing test method cannot give an accurate answer. In summary, the prior art test devices and methods have two problems as follows:
(1) the critical ignition pressure of the booster cannot be obtained;
(2) lack of critical ignition criterion for booster charge.
The booster explosive is a relatively sensitive component in an ammunition system, the safety of the booster explosive is particularly important, the current test method can only give out critical pressure or critical partition plate thickness which causes booster explosion, and no accurate data exists for the more dangerous critical ignition pressure, and a novel test device needs to be designed for accurately measuring the critical ignition pressure of the booster explosive under the action of shock waves.
Disclosure of Invention
The critical ignition pressure measuring device for the booster explosive is high in universality, simple and convenient to operate, safe and high in measuring result precision.
In order to achieve the above object, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present application: the utility model provides a critical ignition pressure measuring device of booster charge which characterized in that: the device comprises a base 1, a cover plate 2, a casing 3 to be sent out, a casing 4 to be sent out, a nut 5, a gasket 6, a screw 7, a partition plate 8, a detonator seat 9, a main explosive 10 to be sent out, an explosive 11 to be sent out and a detonator 12, the whole device is of a flat coaxial structure, the base 1 is of a square shape, the upper surface of the base is provided with a circular boss structure with the height of 23mm, the circular boss separates the upper surface of the base 1, a cylindrical groove is formed on the upper surface of the base 1, the diameter of the cylindrical groove is 67mm and is used for collecting the crushed explosive to be sent out, four corner positions of the base 1 are respectively provided with a U-shaped groove, the central axis of the U-shaped groove is vertical to the edge where the U-shaped groove is located, the open design can ensure that the device is disassembled under the condition that the cover plate is greatly deformed, the crushed explosive to be sent out can be conveniently taken out, the base 1, the cover plate 2 is of a flat plate structure, four U-shaped grooves are arranged at positions corresponding to the base 1, a through hole A with the diameter of 32mm is arranged at the center of the cover plate 2, the sent shell 3 is of a hollow variable-diameter cylinder structure and is freely placed at the center of a cylindrical groove of the base 1, the whole height of the sent shell 3 is 38.1mm, the lower half part of the sent shell 3 is 45mm and 23mm, the upper half part of the sent shell 3 is 25mm and 15.1mm, the variable-diameter structure can ensure that the strength of a shell restraint body received by the sent explosive is consistent with that of a document report, so that test data is more comparable, a through hole B with the diameter of about 5mm is arranged on the longitudinal axis of the sent shell 3, the upper half part of the sent shell 3 penetrates through the through hole A of the cover plate 2, the gasket 6 is sleeved on the screw 7 and placed between the screw 7 and the base 1, the cover plate 2 and the base 1 are fastened by a screw 7 and a nut 5, the casing 3 to be sent is compacted and fixed, a gap of 3.5mm is reserved between the cover plate 2 and the casing 3 to be sent, the partition plate 8 is a circular plate with the diameter of 25mm, the material of the partition plate 8 can be PMMA organic glass, aluminum, steel and the like according to requirements and is freely placed above the casing 3 to be sent, the casing 4 to be sent is of a hollow cylinder structure, the inner diameter of the casing 4 to be sent is 5mm, the outer diameter of the casing to be sent is 25mm, the height of the casing to be sent is 38.1mm, the casing to be sent is freely placed above the partition plate 8, the detonator seat 9 is of a hollow cylinder structure, the inner diameter of the detonator seat 9 to be sent is 5.1mm, the outer diameter of the detonator seat to be sent is 25.3mm, the height of the detonator is 20mm, the detonator 12 is placed above the casing to be sent is placed in the detonator seat 9, the main, the to-be-fired explosive 11 is pressed into a charge column with the diameter of 5mm and is placed in the to-be-fired shell 3;
a method for testing critical ignition pressure of booster explosive comprises the following steps:
designing and processing a test device according to the method, and preparing a main explosive 10 and a secondary explosive 11, wherein the main explosive 10 and the secondary explosive 11 are formed by five to eight small explosive columns;
secondly, respectively filling a main explosive powder 10 and a passive explosive powder 11 into a main explosive shell 4 and a passive explosive shell 3, then placing the passive explosive shell 3 at the center of a cylindrical groove of the base 1, then placing the cover plate 2, fixing the relative positions of the cover plate 2, the passive explosive shell 3 and the base 1 by using a screw 7 and a nut 5, and placing the whole component on a flat and hard ground;
thirdly, placing the partition plate 8 on the upper end face of the casing to be detonated 3, then sequentially placing the main casing to be detonated 4 and the detonator seat 9, placing the detonator 12 into the detonator seat 9 after safety is confirmed, evacuating personnel, and detonating the detonator 12 after safety is confirmed;
step four, whether the detonation is successful or not is preliminarily judged through the sound generated after the detonation, and whether the reaction form of the detonated explosive 11 is detonation, semi-detonation or unreacted is judged, wherein the reaction form is more violent as the sound is larger generally;
after fifteen minutes, quantitatively judging the reaction form of the initiated explosive 11 by measuring the depth of the pit of the base 1, and judging the detonation reaction if the depth of the pit is more than one half of the depth of the pit formed by the detonation of the initiated explosive 11;
and step six, if the base 1 has no obvious pits and crushed particles of the to-be-fired explosive 11 can be found in the cylindrical groove of the base 1, judging that the reaction form is unreacted, further observing the deformation condition of the to-be-fired shell 3, judging that the reaction form is unreacted if the to-be-fired shell 3 is complete and has no ablation or deformation, judging that the ignition reaction has occurred if the to-be-fired shell 3 is complete and has slight ablation or no obvious deformation at the port, wherein the corresponding thickness of the partition plate is the critical ignition partition plate thickness of the to-be-fired explosive 11, and the corresponding impact pressure is the critical ignition pressure of the to-be-fired explosive 11.
Compared with the prior art, the device has the following advantages:
(1) the critical ignition pressure of the booster charge can be accurately measured;
(2) provides the critical ignition criterion of the booster.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the test apparatus, 1-base, 2-cover plate, 3-passive shell, 4-primary shell, 5-nut, 6-washer, 7-screw, 8-spacer, 9-detonator seat, 10-primary explosive, 11-passive explosive and 12-detonator;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the base;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the cover plate;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the quilt cover;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the primary hair housing;
figure 6 is a front view of the detonator seat.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
Designing a processing test device, carrying out an impact ignition test, collecting the residue of the explosive to be sent, judging the reaction form, and measuring the critical ignition pressure of the JH-14 booster.
The device comprises a base 1, a cover plate 2, a casing to be fired 3, a casing to be fired 4, a nut 5, a gasket 6, a screw 7, a partition plate 8, a detonator seat 9, a explosive to be fired 10, an explosive to be fired 11 and a detonator 12, the whole device is designed to be of a flat coaxial structure, the base 1 is square, the height of a circular boss structure on the upper surface of the base is 23mm, the circular boss separates the upper surface of the base 1, a cylindrical groove is formed on the upper surface of the base 1, the diameter of the cylindrical groove is 67mm, four corner positions of the base 1 are respectively provided with a U-shaped groove, the central axis of the U-shaped groove is vertical to the edge where the U-shaped groove is located, the base 1 is made of No. twenty soft steel, the cover plate 2 is of a flat plate structure, four U-shaped grooves are arranged at positions corresponding to the base 1, the opening of the U-shaped groove is 16mm and the depth is 40mm, a through hole A with the diameter of 32, the casing 3 to be sent out is a hollow variable-diameter cylinder structure, and is freely placed in the center position of the cylindrical groove of the base 1, the whole height of the casing 3 to be sent out is 38.1mm, the lower half diameter of the casing 3 to be sent out is 45mm, the height is 23mm, the upper half diameter of the casing 3 to be sent out is 25mm, the height is 15.1mm, a through hole B with the diameter of 5mm is arranged on the longitudinal axis of the casing 3 to be sent out, the upper half of the casing 3 to be sent out passes through the through hole A of the cover plate 2, the gasket 6 is sleeved on the screw 7 and is placed between the screw 7 and the base 1, the cover plate 2 and the base 1 are fastened through the screw 7 and the nut 5, and compact and fix the casing 3 to be sent out, a gap of 3.5mm is reserved between the cover plate 2 and the casing 3 to be sent out, the clapboard 8 is a circular plate with the diameter of 25mm, the primary detonator seat 9 is of a hollow cylindrical structure and made of wood, the inner diameter of the primary detonator seat 9 is 5.1mm, the outer diameter of the primary detonator seat 9 is 25.3mm and the height of the primary detonator seat is 20mm, the primary detonator seat is freely placed above the primary detonator seat 4, the type of the detonator 12 is No. 21, the primary detonator 10 is pressed into a powder column with the diameter of 5mm and placed in the primary detonator seat 4, and the primary detonator 11 is pressed into a powder column with the diameter of 5mm and placed in the secondary shell 3;
a method for testing critical ignition pressure of booster explosive comprises the following steps:
step one, designing and processing a test device according to the method, and preparing a main explosive 10 and a secondary explosive 11, wherein the main explosive 10 and the secondary explosive 11 are formed by seven sections of small explosive columns, the height of each section of explosive column is 5.429mm, the total height is 38.1mm, and the pressed density is 1.65 g-cm-1The total mass of the seven sections of the grains is about 1.2 g;
secondly, the main explosive 10 is JH-14, the explosive to be fired 11 is also selected to be JH-14, the main explosive 10 and the explosive to be fired 11 are respectively arranged in a main explosive shell 4 and an explosive to be fired 3, special care should be taken in the test process to prevent ignition accidents caused by friction between a booster explosive and the shells, then the explosive to be fired 3 is placed at the center of the cylindrical groove of the base 1, then the cover plate 2 is placed, the relative positions of the cover plate 2, the explosive to be fired 3 and the base 1 are fixed by using a screw 7 and a nut 5, and the whole part is placed at a flat position in an anti-explosion container;
thirdly, placing the partition plate 8 on the upper end face of the initiated shell 3, selecting the initial thickness of the partition plate 8 to be 15mm according to experience, enabling the shock wave pressure acting on the initiated explosive to be about 2Gpa, then sequentially placing the main initiated shell 4 and the detonator seat 9, placing the No. 21 detonator 12 into the detonator seat 9 after safety confirmation, evacuating personnel, and initiating the detonator 12 after safety confirmation;
after detonation, firstly hearing the detonation sound of the main explosive, and acting on the metal collision sound which flies the cover plate 2 and the screw 7 after the explosive is detonated;
fifthly, opening the anti-explosion container after fifteen minutes, and measuring the pit depth of the base 1 to be 0.55mm by using a depth gauge, wherein the pit depth is less than one half of the pit depth (1.95mm) formed by detonation of the explosive 11, so that the possibility of detonation reaction can be preliminarily eliminated;
and step six, collecting crushed particles of the to-be-fired explosive 11 in the cylindrical groove of the base 1, further observing the deformation condition of the to-be-fired shell 3, judging that the to-be-fired shell 3 is slightly deformed and the port has slight ablation, and judging that the to-be-fired shell is an ignition reaction, wherein the thickness of a JH-14 booster critical ignition partition plate used in the test is 15mm, and the corresponding critical ignition pressure is 2 Gpa.
Example 2
Designing a processing test device, carrying out impact ignition test, collecting the residue of the explosive to be fired, judging the reaction form, measuring A-IX-I (II type 2 type RDX 95%, mixing desensitizer 5%), press-fitting, and forming to obtain a product with a density of 1.65g cm-3Critical ignition pressure of booster.
The device comprises a base 1, a cover plate 2, a casing to be fired 3, a casing to be fired 4, a nut 5, a gasket 6, a screw 7, a partition plate 8, a detonator seat 9, a explosive to be fired 10, an explosive to be fired 11 and a detonator 12, the whole device is designed to be of a flat coaxial structure, the base 1 is square, the height of a circular boss structure on the upper surface of the base is 23mm, the circular boss separates the upper surface of the base 1, a cylindrical groove is formed on the upper surface of the base 1, the diameter of the cylindrical groove is 67mm, four corner positions of the base 1 are respectively provided with a U-shaped groove, the central axis of the U-shaped groove is vertical to the edge where the U-shaped groove is located, the base 1 is made of No. twenty soft steel, the cover plate 2 is of a flat plate structure, four U-shaped grooves are arranged at positions corresponding to the base 1, the opening of the U-shaped groove is 16mm and the depth is 40mm, a through hole A with the diameter of 32, the casing 3 to be sent out is a hollow variable-diameter cylinder structure, and is freely placed in the center position of the cylindrical groove of the base 1, the whole height of the casing 3 to be sent out is 38.1mm, the lower half diameter of the casing 3 to be sent out is 45mm, the height is 23mm, the upper half diameter of the casing 3 to be sent out is 25mm, the height is 15.1mm, a through hole B with the diameter of 5mm is arranged on the longitudinal axis of the casing 3 to be sent out, the upper half of the casing 3 to be sent out passes through the through hole A of the cover plate 2, the gasket 6 is sleeved on the screw 7 and is placed between the screw 7 and the base 1, the cover plate 2 and the base 1 are fastened through the screw 7 and the nut 5, and compact and fix the casing 3 to be sent out, a gap of 3.5mm is reserved between the cover plate 2 and the casing 3 to be sent out, the clapboard 8 is a circular plate with the diameter of 25mm, the primary detonator seat 9 is of a hollow cylindrical structure and made of wood, the inner diameter of the primary detonator seat 9 is 5.1mm, the outer diameter of the primary detonator seat 9 is 25.3mm and the height of the primary detonator seat is 20mm, the primary detonator seat is freely placed above the primary detonator seat 4, the type of the detonator 12 is No. 21, the primary detonator 10 is pressed into a powder column with the diameter of 5mm and placed in the primary detonator seat 4, and the primary detonator 11 is pressed into a powder column with the diameter of 5mm and placed in the secondary shell 3;
a method for testing critical ignition pressure of booster explosive comprises the following steps:
step one, designing and processing a test device according to the method, preparing a main explosive 10 of JH-14, a secondary explosive 11 of A-IX-I, wherein the main explosive 10 and the secondary explosive 11 are formed by seven small explosive columns, and each explosive column is provided with seven small explosive columnsHeight 5.429mm, total height 38.1mm, and JH-14 pressed density 1.65g cm-1The total mass of the seven sections of the explosive columns is about 1.20g, and the pressed density of A-IX-I is 1.67g cm-1The total mass of the seven sections of the grains is about 1.23 g;
secondly, respectively filling a main explosive powder 10 and a secondary explosive powder 11 into a main explosive shell 4 and a secondary explosive powder 3, taking special care in the test process to prevent ignition accidents caused by friction between a booster explosive and the shells, then placing the secondary explosive powder 3 at the center of a cylindrical groove of the base 1, then placing the cover plate 2, fixing the relative positions of the cover plate 2, the secondary explosive powder 3 and the base 1 by using a screw 7 and a nut 5, and placing the whole part at a flat position in an anti-explosion container;
thirdly, placing a partition plate 8 on the upper end face of the initiated shell 3, selecting the initial thickness of the partition plate 8 to be 14mm according to experience, enabling the shock wave pressure acting on the initiated explosive to be about 2.2Gpa, then sequentially placing a main initiating shell 4 and a detonator seat 9, placing a No. 21 detonator 12 into the detonator seat 9 after safety is confirmed, evacuating personnel, and detonating the detonator 12 after safety is confirmed;
after detonation, firstly hearing the detonation sound of the main explosive, and acting on the metal collision sound which flies the cover plate 2 and the screw 7 after the explosive is detonated;
fifthly, opening the anti-explosion container after fifteen minutes, and measuring the pit depth of the base 1 to be 0.54mm by using a depth gauge, wherein the pit depth is less than one half of the pit depth (1.95mm) formed by detonation of the explosive 11, so that the possibility of detonation reaction can be preliminarily eliminated;
and step six, collecting crushed particles of the to-be-fired explosive 11 in the cylindrical groove of the base 1, further observing the deformation condition of the to-be-fired shell 3, judging that the to-be-fired shell 3 is slightly deformed and the port has slight ablation, and judging that the to-be-fired shell is an ignition reaction, wherein the thickness of the A-IX-I booster critical ignition partition plate used in the test is 14mm, and the corresponding critical ignition pressure is 2.2 Gpa.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a critical ignition pressure measuring device of booster charge which characterized in that: the device comprises a base (1), a cover plate (2), a sent-out shell (3), a main sent-out shell (4), a nut (5), a gasket (6), a screw (7), a partition plate (8), a detonator seat (9), a main sent-out explosive (10), a sent-out explosive (11) and a detonator (12), the whole device is of a flat coaxial structure, the base (1) is square, a ring boss structure with the height of 23mm is arranged on the upper surface of the base, the ring boss separates the upper surface of the base (1), a cylindrical groove is formed on the upper surface of the base (1), the diameter of the cylindrical groove is 67mm, U-shaped grooves are respectively arranged at four corner positions of the base (1), the central axis of each U-shaped groove is vertical to the edge where the central axis is located, the base (1) is made of twenty-grade soft steel, the cover plate (2) is of a flat plate structure, four U-shaped grooves are arranged at the position corresponding to the base (1), a through hole A with the diameter of 32mm is arranged at the central position of the cover plate (2), the sent shell (3) is of a hollow variable-diameter cylinder structure and is freely placed at the central position of a cylindrical groove of the base (1), the whole height of the sent shell (3) is 38.1mm, the lower half part of the sent shell (3) is 45mm in diameter and 23mm in height, the upper half part of the sent shell (3) is 25mm in diameter and 15.1mm in height, a through hole B with the diameter of about 5mm is arranged on the longitudinal axis of the sent shell (3), the upper half part of the sent shell (3) penetrates through the through hole A of the cover plate (2), a gasket (6) is sleeved on the screw (7) and placed between the screw (7) and the base (1), and the cover plate (2) and the base (1) are fastened through the screw (7) and a nut (5), the hair receiving shell (3) is compacted and fixed, the clapboard (8) is a circular plate with the diameter of 25mm, the material of the hair-receiving shell is PMMA organic glass, aluminum or steel which is selected according to the requirement and is freely placed above the hair-receiving shell (3), the main hair-emitting shell (4) is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the inner diameter of the main hair-emitting shell (4) is 5mm, the outer diameter of the main hair-emitting shell is 25mm, the height of the main hair-emitting shell is 38.1mm, the main hair-emitting shell is freely placed above the partition plate (8), the detonator seat (9) is of a hollow cylinder structure, the detonator seat (9) is freely placed above the main hair shell (4) with the inner diameter of 5.1mm, the outer diameter of 25.3mm and the height of 20mm, the detonator (12) is placed in the detonator seat (9), the primary explosive (10) is pressed into a grain with the diameter of 5mm and placed in the primary shell (4), the to-be-fired explosive (11) is pressed into a charge column with the diameter of 5mm and is placed in the to-be-fired shell (3).
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| CN107632043B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-05-05 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Device and method for testing weak impact ignition threshold of explosive |
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| CN109540965A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-29 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Explosive fragmentation driving capability evaluating apparatus and method |
| CN110132471B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-05-08 | 北京理工大学 | Thin-wall cylindrical explosion shock wave pressure tester and assembling method thereof |
| CN110553780B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-05-18 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | One-way column shell constraint reaction intensity quantitative diagnosis device and diagnosis method |
| CN113375612B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-06-10 | 南京理工大学 | Device and method for testing critical detonation size of explosive based on 3D ink-jet charging |
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