CN103477809B - Low-damage threshing method for corn ear - Google Patents
Low-damage threshing method for corn ear Download PDFInfo
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- CN103477809B CN103477809B CN201310377271.4A CN201310377271A CN103477809B CN 103477809 B CN103477809 B CN 103477809B CN 201310377271 A CN201310377271 A CN 201310377271A CN 103477809 B CN103477809 B CN 103477809B
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Abstract
A low-damage threshing method for a corn ear comprises the steps of establishing a corn ear circulation force balance model according to the corn ear needing to be threshed, wherein the method is that the resultant force of stresses of a corn ear kernel in the horizontal, longitudinal and radial directions is defined as the circulation force; establishing an ear kernel building formula, namely a horizontal building unit and a gap building rule and establishing the arraying method for the whole corn ear kernel by the rule; analyzing the stresses of the corn ear kernel in the horizontal, longitudinal and radial directions according to the established arraying method, and establishing the corn ear circulation force balance model; calculating the size of the minimum force capable of breaking the circulation force balance according to the model, utilizing a wedge-shaped impacting head to apply the calculated force to a gap A on the corn ear for impacting, and threshing the corn ear. According to the low-damage threshing method for the corn ear, the corn ear kernels can be fast separated from the corn ear in a low-damage and low-energy consumption mode; the method can be used for an industrialized low-damage corn ear threshing and manufacturing a new corn ear thresher and has broad application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to corn kernel threshing theoretical research field, be specifically related to the low damage methods of threshing of a kind of corn ear.
Background technology
One of corn world Three major grain crops, corn threshing is the key link in harvesting work, which determines the degree of injury of corn kernel, and damage seed easily mildews bacterium, infested, easily broken, unsuitable long-term storage, and can reduce its market value and export value.
Corn threshing is different from other grain threshing, and corn kernel is bound on corncob by carpopodium, seed and carpopodium adhesion larger.In addition, during other grain threshing, between seed, there is no the mutual supporting role of power, but on corncob, closely, mutual supporting role strong between seed and seed, between seed and seed, the complexity of existence to corn threshing of power has material impact in seed arrangement.Current corn ear seed methods of threshing, has damage to seed, and effort, energy ezpenditure is larger.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of the problems referred to above, the low damage methods of threshing of a kind of corn ear of the present invention, realizes low damage, low power consuming, is separated from corn ear by corn ear seed fast.
The low damage methods of threshing of a kind of corn ear, comprises the following steps:
Step one, the corn ear of required threshing is peelled off maize peel, removing corn stigma, for subsequent use;
Step 2, set up corn ear cyclic force balance model:
1), define corn ear seed in stressed the making a concerted effort for cyclic force of transverse direction, longitudinal direction and radial direction, cross force is power along the circumferential direction, and longitudinal force is the power parallel with cob direction, and radial load is the power along radial direction on cross section;
2), set up fruit ear seed and assemble mode
A) fruit ear horizontal spreading figure is drawn along fruit ear tangential direction;
B) transverse side is just defined as 1-1 contact to two seeds of contact, the seed that one deck 1-1 contacts, and forms a 11-22 assemble unit with misplace seed that the two-layer 1-1 that contacts contacts of its formation;
C) set up longitudinal slot group between fruit ear seed and build rule-ABA group block rule, namely in fruit ear stringer, the longitudinal seed of two rows laterally between side just to contact formed opposition gap A and other two arrange same longitudinal seed laterally between side just to contact the A side, opposition gap formed horizontal mutually stagger again to contact form the gap B that interlocks, whole corn ear opposes gap A and B interval, staggered gap occur;
D) set up the aligning method of whole corn ear seed, namely corn ear is basic assembled arrangement unit to assemble unit, according to many spiral heads, parallel, contact dislocation lap joint be arranged on corncob;
3), according to corn ear seed force analysis, the longitudinal force of corn ear inside, radial load, cross force balance model is set up, i.e. corn ear cyclic force balance model;
Step 3, first, the size breaking the minimum force that cyclic force balances is calculated according to the corn ear cyclic force balance model that above-mentioned steps two is set up, then impact by wedge impact head to apply the corresponding size calculated power to the opposition gap A on corn ear, threshing is carried out to corn ear.
Beneficial effect
The low damage methods of threshing of corn ear of the present invention, draws out the balance mechanism horizontal spreading figure of corn ear seed inner loop power, establishes 11-22 and assembles unit and ABA group block rule, enough guarantees that between fruit ear seed, power system analyzes correct, reliable; " the cyclic force circle " that exist between definition seed, provides clear, unique, correct foundation for power system between seed analyzes; On this basis power system between corn ear seed is analyzed, and establish corn ear cyclic force balance model, the best impact site of corn ear seed and best impact force value can be calculated according to this model, finally according to result of calculation, corn ear seed is impacted, this power can destroy the force system in equilibrium of corn ear seed arrangement, easily corn ear seed is taken off, and this power is through the most rational power of calculating, laborsaving and damage can not be caused to iblet, and reduce energy consumption, corn ear seed can be made to be separated from corncob fast.The present invention can be used for the low threshing of industrialization corn ear, prepares novel corn fruit ear thresher, has broad application prospects.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the balance mechanism horizontal spreading figure of corn ear seed inner loop power;
Fig. 2 is the balance mechanism horizontal spreading figure of corn ear seed inner transverse cyclic force;
Fig. 3 be corn ear substantially assemble cell schematics;
Fig. 4 be corn ear substantially assemble unit pictorial diagram;
Fig. 5 is the balance mechanism horizontal spreading figure of the inner longitudinal cyclic force of corn ear seed;
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal mechanics balance chart of corn ear seed;
Fig. 7 is corn ear seed longitudinal stress simplified model;
Fig. 8 is corn ear seed radial force analysis chart.
Fig. 9 is that wedge impact primary drying hits mechanical analysis figure.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
The low damage methods of threshing of a kind of corn ear, comprises the following steps:
Step one, the corn ear of required threshing is peelled off maize peel, removing corn stigma, for subsequent use;
Step 2, set up corn ear cyclic force balance model:
1), define corn ear seed in stressed the making a concerted effort for cyclic force of transverse direction, longitudinal direction and radial direction, cross force is power along the circumferential direction, and longitudinal force is the power parallel with cob direction, and radial load is the power along radial direction on cross section;
2), set up fruit ear seed and assemble mode
A) fruit ear horizontal spreading figure is drawn, as shown in Fig. 1,2,5 along fruit ear tangential direction;
B) laterally assembling unit-11-22 assembles unit to set up fruit ear, namely the horizontal kernel side of individual layer two just forms 1-1 contact to contact, the two horizontal kernel side contacted with other two-layer same 1-1 are again formed to misplace and contact, as shown in Figure 3,4,11-22 assembles unit and is made up of 6 seeds, wherein 2 seeds form a block, and the seed of other 4 forms a block, two pieces of transversion malposition overlap joints.
C) set up longitudinal slot group between fruit ear seed and build rule-ABA group block rule, namely in fruit ear stringer, the longitudinal seed of two rows laterally between side just to contact formed opposition gap A and other two arrange same longitudinal seed laterally between side just to contact the A side, opposition gap formed horizontal mutually stagger again to contact form the gap B that interlocks, whole corn ear opposes gap A and B interval, staggered gap occurs, as shown in Figure 3,4;
D) set up the aligning method of whole corn ear seed, namely corn ear assembles unit with 11-22 is basic assembled arrangement unit, according to many spiral heads, parallel, contact dislocation lap joint be arranged on corncob;
3), seed force analysis on corn ear
A), on corn ear, seed cross force is analyzed
In the outermost layer seed of fruit ear major part position, select arbitrarily a seed to start to analyze, follow 11-22 due to horizontal direction and assemble arrangement regulation, can find out in Fig. 2: from the seed of first, top, the left side, power transfer route is: one, a seed top seed, according to two, next seed top seed, spiral assembles arrangement vertically, when first lap end, longitudinal seed layer has reached 4 layers (because ground floor seed is that fruit ear outermost layer seed is irregular, be approximately wedge shape, play the sealing of rib block, if analyzed from the second layer, when first lap end, longitudinal seed layer is greater than 4 rows), as shown in Figure 2, first horizontally-arranged rightmost seed to the second circle at first, because seed 11-22 assembles the effect of arrangement regulation, the seed that it acts on is Far Left up and down two seed of most left side ground floor and the second layer, start the second circle power circulation thus, such second circle power circulation circulates with first lap power and occurs power overlapping layer, in like manner, to the second circle at first, the seed that it acts on is the most left side second layer and Far Left up and down two seed of third layer to the second horizontally-arranged rightmost seed, and the second circle power starting it thus circulates, and also occurs power overlapping layer, the like, until be delivered to bottom fruit ear microcephaly.
More than analyze and analyze according to by left-to-right power transfer route, due to any seed apply pressure to adjacent contact seed time, self is also subject to the effect of adjacent contact seed, thus, each power transmits traverse cycle power spiral having two equal and opposite in directions, direction contrary, the traverse cycle power that many power but on whole fruit ear are transmitted on spiral is overlapping, and for whole fruit ear seed, traverse cycle power is balance.
Traverse cycle power is at spiral rotating and in the process of overlap, we suppose that first seed clockwise direction is by F
horizontal 1effect, counterclockwise by f
horizontal 1effect, the two equal and opposite in direction, direction are contrary, i.e. F
horizontal 1=-f
horizontal 1, the seed successively on helix will be all dynamic balance: F
horizontal 2=-f
horizontal 2, F
horizontal 3=-f
horizontal 3... F
horizontal i=-f
horizontal i, on whole fruit ear, traverse cycle power also will be balance:
.
B), corn ear seed longitudinal force is analyzed
Before fruit ear major part place longitudinal direction, in lateral cross section, 3-6 row seed collaborates in stringer, and is generally irregular seed, and outermost layer seed is approximately wedge shape, plays the sealing of rib block.We are simplified to it " annular right-angle rib block ", as shown in Fig. 5,6,7.
The longitudinal tandem seed of fruit ear microcephaly starts progressively to reduce discharging interflow when horizontal 3-8 row, and seed, by reducing gradually greatly, is formed approximate " annular right-angle rib block ".As Fig. 7 fruit ear longitudinal stress simplified model.Longitudinal cyclic force is in dynamic balance state in each stringer.
We suppose that in fruit ear enlarged head annular right-angle rib block, each stringer rib block produces axial direction power F to middle part seed
vertical 1effect, be subject to simultaneously middle part seed to its f
vertical 1effect, the two equal and opposite in direction, direction are contrary, i.e. F
vertical 1=-f
vertical 1, fruit ear enlarged head annular right-angle rib block also will be stress balance:
(n gets 12-18).
In fruit ear little head annular right-angle rib block, each stringer rib block produces axial direction power N to middle part seed
vertical 1effect, be subject to middle part seed n simultaneously
vertical 1effect, the two equal and opposite in direction, direction are contrary, i.e. N
vertical 1=-n
vertical 1, fruit ear little head annular right-angle rib block also will be stress balance:
(n gets 12-18).
On each stringer axial direction, seed will be all dynamic balance: F
vertical 1=-N
vertical 1, F
vertical 2=-N
vertical 2... F
vertical i=-N
vertical i, whole fruit ear circumferentially longitudinal cyclic force also will be balance:
(n gets 12-18).
C), corn ear seed radial Force Analysis
By carpopodium, each corn kernel is bound on corncob, and carpopodium one end is connected with seed coat, and the other end inserts in the clever shell on corn seed core, and as shown in Figure 8, enter corn seed core depths bottom carpopodium, clever shell wall also has supporting role to seed.
Every seed radial direction is subject to seed deadweight G, around seed to its frictional force f
rub, carpopodium binding strength F
carpopodiumwith clever shell support force N
grain husk shelleffect, radial equilibrium equation is as follows:
, θ is gravity direction and carpopodium binding strength angular separation, F
carpopodiumtime consistent with G direction
get positive sign, F
carpopodiumtime inconsistent with G direction
get negative sign, the direction of seed deadweight G and surrounding seed are to its frictional force f
rubdirection contrary;
D), under External Force Acting, cyclic force circle slackens Analysis on Mechanism
External force is wanted to destroy and is assembled rule according to 11-22 and assemble cyclic force between seed, inevitable each unit first destroying seed and assemble, and it is mobile that two adjacent cells must be made to produce, close contact seed in module unit also produces movement, so seed produces mobile inevitable consumed energy, follow ABA group due to fruit ear seed longitudinal arrangement simultaneously and build rule, horizontal seed follows 11-22 fissure of displacement overlap joint principle, the moment that this arrangement architecture of corn ear transmits at capacity, external force is resolved into the transverse direction according to spiral rotating, longitudinally, the power of radial three aspects, external force is consumed by Express weakness in transmission, after any one seed accepts external force, seed in other block is passed to very soon by this power transmission consumption method, again due to this material of seed, there is very strong toughness, elasticity is very large, External Force Acting makes seed in each module unit produce elastic deformation, after external force disappears, seed restores to the original state again, cyclic force is not destroyed, only have external force enough large, when enough destruction cyclic forces, it is just destroyed that seed assembles module unit, seed is just by discrete and split away off.
E), according to corn ear seed force analysis, the longitudinal force of corn ear inside, radial load, cross force balance model is set up, i.e. corn ear cyclic force balance model.
Step 3, first, the size breaking the minimum force that cyclic force balances is calculated according to the corn ear cyclic force balance model that above-mentioned steps two is set up, then impact by wedge impact head to apply the corresponding size calculated power to the opposition gap A on corn ear, threshing is carried out to corn ear.
1), impact of collision time, minimal impact power calculate:
Impact head impact mechanical analysis is as Fig. 9, and both sides seed is subject to wedge impact head and is applied to normal pressure F on seed
normal pressure, frictional force F
rub, press as figure impact head size, every side can contact 3 seeds simultaneously, can calculate impulsive force F to be:
in formula: f is coefficient of friction
Due to
So:
Wherein: coefficient of friction f can consult agricultural machinery handbook and obtain.
value is as following table:
| Seed line number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Value (N) | 0.48 | 1.275 | 1.978 | 2.738 |
2), side knock time, minimal impact power calculate:
During with impact of collision, minimal impact power account form is identical
Wherein: coefficient of friction f can consult agricultural machinery handbook and obtain.
value is as following table:
| Seed line number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Value (N) | 0.208 | 1.061 | 1.740 | 2.238 |
The size computing formula of the power of the required destruction longitudinal force applied is:
, in formula, f is coefficient of friction, can consult agricultural machinery handbook and obtain.
value is as following table:
| Seed line number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Value (N) | 0.48 | 1.275 | 1.978 | 2.738 |
The size computing formula of the power of the required destruction cross force applied is:
, in formula, f is coefficient of friction, can consult agricultural machinery handbook and obtain.
value is as following table:
| Seed line number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Value (N) | 0.208 | 1.061 | 1.740 | 2.238 |
Claims (1)
1. the low damage methods of threshing of corn ear, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, the corn ear of required threshing is peelled off maize peel, removing corn stigma, for subsequent use;
Step 2, set up corn ear cyclic force balance model:
1), define corn ear seed in stressed the making a concerted effort for cyclic force of transverse direction, longitudinal direction and radial direction, cross force is power along the circumferential direction, and longitudinal force is the power parallel with cob direction, and radial load is the power along radial direction on cross section;
2), set up fruit ear seed and assemble mode
A) fruit ear horizontal spreading figure is drawn along fruit ear tangential direction;
B) transverse side is just defined as 1-1 contact to two seeds of contact, the seed that one deck 1-1 contacts, and forms one assemble unit with misplace seed that the two-layer 1-1 that contacts contacts of its formation;
C) set up longitudinal slot group between fruit ear seed and build rule-ABA group block rule, namely in fruit ear stringer, the longitudinal seed of two rows laterally between side just to contact formed opposition gap A and other two arrange same longitudinal seed laterally between side just to contact the A side, opposition gap formed horizontal mutually stagger again to contact form the gap B that interlocks, whole corn ear opposes gap A and B interval, staggered gap occur;
D) set up the aligning method of whole corn ear seed, namely corn ear is basic assembled arrangement unit to assemble unit, according to many spiral heads, parallel, contact dislocation lap joint be arranged on corncob;
3), according to corn ear seed force analysis, the longitudinal force of corn ear inside, radial load, cross force balance model is set up, i.e. corn ear cyclic force balance model;
Step 3, first, the size breaking the minimum force that cyclic force balances is calculated according to the corn ear cyclic force balance model that above-mentioned steps two is set up, then impact by wedge impact head to apply the corresponding size calculated power to the opposition gap A on corn ear, threshing is carried out to corn ear.
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| CN201310377271.4A CN103477809B (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Low-damage threshing method for corn ear |
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| CN201310377271.4A CN103477809B (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Low-damage threshing method for corn ear |
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| CN103477809B true CN103477809B (en) | 2015-07-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104167018B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2017-04-12 | 河南科技大学 | Two-dimensional model based method for establishing corn ear three-dimensional cylindrical model |
| CN105103783A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-02 | 重庆市双恩农机制造有限公司 | Corn stigma and corncob separation device for corn harvesting machine |
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| US2169963A (en) * | 1935-09-16 | 1939-08-15 | Fmc Corp | Green corn cutting machine |
| CN201523561U (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-07-14 | 山西省屯留县科技情报服务中心 | corn husking machine |
| CN201888106U (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-07-06 | 隗桐桐 | Finger sleeve for peeling corns |
| CN201894084U (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-07-13 | 赵钼 | Corn threshing machine |
| CN202232213U (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-05-30 | 时书 | Corn thresher |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8702484B2 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2014-04-22 | Magnuson Corporation | Automatic corn cutter apparatus |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2169963A (en) * | 1935-09-16 | 1939-08-15 | Fmc Corp | Green corn cutting machine |
| CN201523561U (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-07-14 | 山西省屯留县科技情报服务中心 | corn husking machine |
| CN201894084U (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-07-13 | 赵钼 | Corn threshing machine |
| CN201888106U (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-07-06 | 隗桐桐 | Finger sleeve for peeling corns |
| CN202232213U (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-05-30 | 时书 | Corn thresher |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 基于颗粒聚合体的玉米果穗建模方法;于亚军等;《农业工程学报》;20120415;第28卷(第8期);167-174 * |
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Inventor after: Li Xinping Inventor after: Du Zhe Inventor after: Ma Yidong Inventor after: Wu Kang Inventor after: Ma Lei Inventor after: Ma Fuli Inventor before: Li Xinping Inventor before: Liu Ying Inventor before: Du Zhe Inventor before: Ma Yidong Inventor before: Ma Fuli |
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