CN103472785B - A kind of intelligent control algorithm for household energy management system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of intelligent control algorithm for home energy management (HEM) system, this algorithm mainly realizes in resident, the DR of high-power power load controls, HEM system is used in resident, for high-power electric load, automatic enforcement Demand Side Response (DR) controls, before execution algorithm, first priority and the comfort level scope of controlled load is set by the user, then the electricity consumption of HEM system acceptance Utilities Electric Co. limits and DR time requirement signal, by comparing the actual power consumption of user and electricity consumption limits, perform control algolithm, make control decision, realize the automatic control of DR, this algorithm has taken into full account the comfort level of user and the priority of household electrical appliances, achieve the full-automation of household electricity management simultaneously.

Description

A kind of intelligent control algorithm for household energy management system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent control algorithm, specifically a kind of intelligent control algorithm for household energy management system, belong to Demand Side Response control technology field.

Background technology

For realizing power supply and demand balance, classic method is the power load of Utilities Electric Co. according to prediction, determines generating capacity, thus meets electricity needs level.The method can ensure the electricity consumption needs of peak period, but off-peak period, a large amount of generator is in idle state, and this greatly reduces the efficiency of generator, also result in the wasting of resources.

20 century 70s, along with the appearance of oil crisis, primary energy price sharp rises; western countries start for electricity consumption side; expand the exploration and practice solving imbalance between power supply and demand by cutting down Demand-side load, the theory of Demand Side Response (demandresponse, DR) is born thereupon.

According to the difference of energisation mode, DR can be divided into price type and the large class of incentive mechanism type two.Wherein, during peak load, the DR event played a decisive role all belongs to stimulable type DR, and as direct load control, interruptible load etc., receiving associated control signal by user responds, but not implements DR by electricity price.

At present, the research object of most of stimulable type DR event is some large power consumers, and as industry and commercial user etc., and its control mode is generally semi-automation or manually implements; And study less for resident.Given this, be necessary for residential electricity consumption, launch the research of relevant DR control aspect.The people such as the A.HMohsenian of the U.S. propose and carry out DR response for miniwatt household electrical appliances, but its research there is no too large impact to overall family electrical power consumed.

In addition, the development of intelligent grid also can solve accurate energy supply, demand Side Management, electrical network freely access, many power supplys are interactive and the problem such as dispersion energy storage, and it is not only served bulk power grid but also serves electric power terminal user.Therefore, by the intelligent measuring equipment in intelligent grid, for the high-power insignificant load in resident, by relevant intelligent control algorithm, the automatic control of dsm in resident can be realized, but not Utilities Electric Co. carrys out Passive Control power consumption by power cuts to limit consumption, improve enthusiasm and initiative that user participates in dsm.

Summary of the invention

Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of intelligent control algorithm for household energy management system, and this algorithm is mainly used in automatically controlling the DR of high-power electric appliance in home network.This algorithm has taken into full account the setting of user to household electrical appliances priority and comfort level, improves initiative, enthusiasm that user participates in DR, and achieves the robotization that DR controls.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:

According to family's electro ultrafiltration, household electrical appliances can be divided into important load (as electric furnace, light fixture etc.) and controllable burden (as water heater, air-conditioning, baker etc.) two parts.This algorithm controls for high-power controllable burden, can cause minimum influence on the one hand to resident living; On the other hand by controlling high-power household electrical appliances, considerable influence can be produced to whole power consumption, thus making the DR event of resident have larger practical significance.

Household energy management system comprises household electrical appliances management control system and appliance interface unit two large divisions.Household electrical appliances management control system performs intelligent control algorithm, realizes management and the Decision Control of all high-power electric appliances in family.Appliance interface unit realize high-power household electrical appliances power data collection, communicate with household electrical appliances management control system, perform local load condition control etc. according to arithmetic result.

The present invention is used for the intelligent control algorithm of household energy management system:

(1) appliance interface unit gathers the related data of all controlled household electrical appliances, comprise appliance switch state, household electrical appliances power data (electric current and voltage amplitude, phase angle, active power, reactive power, applied power etc.), and above-mentioned data will be delivered to household electrical appliances management control system;

(2) user inputs related setting, comprises electric load priority, a comfort level setting etc.; During control, should first consider that user sets, thus make control result bring minimum impact to user;

(3) temperature sensor of electric heater, the load of air-conditioning class gathers correlated temperature data, comprises the data such as water temperature, room temperature, above delivers to appliance interface unit; Detect each household electrical appliances comfort level and whether exceed setting value, comprise hot water temperature, room temperature, the maximum power-off time of baker, charging electric vehicle time etc., when certain household electrical appliances generation state changes request, make decisions;

(4) household electrical appliances management control system receives Utilities Electric Co.'s associated control signal, comprises electricity consumption restriction (unit K W), DR response time requirement, by electricity consumption restriction compared with user's actual power consumption power, if actual power consumption amount is little, does not then change an electricity condition; If actual power consumption exceeds restriction, make decisions;

Described decision-making idiographic flow is as follows:

1) when certain load goes out present condition change request, if total power consumption limits lower than electricity consumption, then this request allows;

2) if total power consumption limits higher than electricity consumption, and now stateless changes request, then wired home power consuming administrative system controls the household electrical appliances minimum from priority, until total electric power meets the demands;

3) if electric power limits higher than electricity consumption, and certain household electrical appliances comfort level is beyond setting range, then household energy management system first by this electrical appliance priority compared with the electrical appliance in other work, find out the electrical appliance that its medium priority is minimum, then start action; Successively closing low priority electrical appliance, when ensureing total electric power lower than restriction, controlling household electrical appliances energising work.

Algorithm supposition electric automobile can charge or complete charge, at any time to meet the user demand of user; When there being high priority load to need work, charging electric vehicle can be stopped at any time; When household energy management system predicts at the appointed time, when electric automobile can not complete charging, electric automobile priority can be improved, in advance to its charging.

User can change priority and the comfort level setting of each controlled household electrical appliances at any time as required, thus makes control result practical requirement.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

(1) full automation.During peak load, more easily there is overload pressure in transmission line of electricity.Therefore, when extensive accident occurs, electricity consumption may be caused to limit.Traditional control method, or the direct power cuts to limit consumption of Utilities Electric Co., or implement DR by the power-off of user operation electrical appliance.The full automation that this algorithm realization DR controls.

(2) user's initiative and freedom strong.Compared with other DR control algolithms, this algorithm allows user to arrange household electrical appliances priority and comfort level voluntarily, then produce control signal according to input and electricity consumption restriction, improve initiative and freedom that user participates in DR, reduce electricity consumption and limit the impact caused to the life of user.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.

Fig. 1 is the overall flow figure of algorithm of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is decision flow diagram in the present invention.

Embodiment

The control object of algorithm of the present invention is high-power household electrical appliances in resident, and comprise electric heater, air-conditioning, baker, electric automobile etc., its electric power is 2KW(air-conditioning) ~ 3.3KW-9KW(electric automobile).Before execution algorithm, first tackle all controlled loads and carry out priority and comfort level range set, its setting data is as shown in table 1.

The controlled load priority of table 1 and comfort level range set

Wherein, priority is respectively from high to low: electric heater-air-conditioning-baker-electric automobile; To water heater, water temperature optimum temperature is 43.33 DEG C-48.89 DEG C; To air-conditioning, room temperature can be set to 24.4 DEG C (± 2 DEG C); For baker, work deadline, maximum power-off time and minimum conduction time (all referring to heating part) can be artificially set; For electric automobile, its charge completion time can be set, as in this example being 8 o'clock of morning.

As shown in Figure 1, to control situation as follows for often kind of household electrical appliances work and home energy management (HEM):

(1) electric heater: water temperature setting value has a limit temperature scope.When water temperature limits lower than minimum temperature, water heater is energized; When water temperature limits higher than maximum temperature, water heater power-off; When water temperature belongs within the scope of comfort level, water heater keeps original duty.As the formula (1).

$S_{\mathrm{WH},n}=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}0,& T_{\mathrm{WH},n}>T_{\mathrm{WH},s}\\ 1,& T_{\mathrm{WH},n}<T_{\mathrm{WH},s}-{\mathrm{\&Delta;T}}_{\mathrm{WH}}\\ S_{\mathrm{WH},n-1}& T_{\mathrm{WH},s}-{\mathrm{\&Delta;T}}_{\mathrm{WH}}<T_{\mathrm{WH},n}<T_{\mathrm{WH},s}\end{array}\right.---\left(1\right)$

In formula, T _{wH, s}represent water temperature setting value;

Δ T _wHwater temperature comfort level scope;

T _{wH, n}water temperature during expression time period n;

S _{wH, n}water heater working state (0=power-off during expression time period n; 1=is energized);

The HEM control algolithm of electric heater: when occurring that electricity consumption limits, if electric heater is in opening, then according to its priority, HEM will control it and turn off.If water heater has limit priority, then it will be last power-off.

(2) air-conditioning: setting value at room temperature has a setting range.When room temperature is higher than mxm., air-conditioning is started working; When room temperature is lower than minimum, air-conditioning power-off quits work.When room temperature is within the scope of comfort level, air-conditioning keeps original duty, such as formula (2)

$S_{\mathrm{AC},n}=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}0,& T_{\mathrm{AC},n}<T_{\mathrm{AC},s}-{\mathrm{\&Delta;T}}_{\mathrm{AC}}\\ 1,& T_{\mathrm{AC},n}>T_{\mathrm{AC},s}+{\mathrm{\&Delta;T}}_{\mathrm{AC}}\\ S_{\mathrm{AC},n-1},& -{\mathrm{\&Delta;T}}_{\mathrm{AC}}<T_{\mathrm{AC},n}<T_{\mathrm{AC},s}+{\mathrm{\&Delta;T}}_{\mathrm{AC}}\end{array}\right.---\left(2\right)$

In formula, T _{aC, s}represent setting value at room temperature;

Δ T _aCwater temperature comfort level scope;

T _{aC, n}room temperature during expression time period n;

S _{aC, n}air-conditioning duty (0=power-off during expression time period n; 1=is energized);

Air-conditioning HEM control algolithm: when occurring that electricity consumption limits, if air-conditioning is in running order, then closes air-conditioning as required; If when room temperature is higher than setting value, under ensureing that power consumption meets limit value requirement, air-conditioning energising is started working.

(3) baker: baker is made up of electric machine rotation part and heating part.Motor part power consumption is less, be generally tens to a few hectowatt, and heating part power consumption is comparatively large, is generally several kilowatts.For finishing the work, when baker is less than setting value conduction time conduction time, baker will be in "on" position.When reaching setting value when energized, baker power-off, as the formula (3).

$S_{\mathrm{CD},n}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}0,{\mathrm{CT}}_n\&GreaterEqual;{\mathrm{CT}}_{\max }\\ 1,{\mathrm{CT}}_n<{\mathrm{CT}}_{\max }\end{array}\right.---\left(3\right)$

In formula, CT _nrepresent baker conduction time;

CT _maxrepresent baker setting value conduction time;

S _{cD, n}represent (the 0=power-off of baker duty; 1=is energized).

The HEM control algolithm of baker: when controlling baker, only carries out power-off control to its heating part, and keeps motor part continuous firing.When occurring that electricity consumption limits, if baker is in "on" position, will to power-off according to its priority; By setting minimum conduction time, can ensure that baker is finished the work at the appointed time.Meanwhile, also can set the maximum power-off time of baker, thus within its working time, prevent because long-time power-off causes its temperature drop excessive.But when there is high priority load, baker duty no longer can meet the setting of its comfort level.

(4) electric automobile: when energized, electric automobile starts charging, until reach fully charged state, as the formula (4).

$S_{\mathrm{EV},n}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}0,{\mathrm{SOC}}_n\&GreaterEqual;{\mathrm{SOC}}_{\max }\\ 1,{\mathrm{SOC}}_n<{\mathrm{SOC}}_{\max }\end{array}\right.---\left(4\right)$

Electric automobile HEM control algolithm: assuming that electric automobile can charge or complete charge at any time, to meet the user demand of user.When there being high priority load to need work, charging electric vehicle can be stopped at any time.But, when HEM system prediction is in the stipulated time, when electric automobile can not complete charging, electric automobile priority can be improved, in advance to its charging.

As shown in Figure 2, decision-making idiographic flow is as follows:

(1) request (S is changed when certain load goes out present condition _aPPenergising request) time, if total power consumption limits lower than electricity consumption, then this request allows;

(2) if total power consumption limits higher than electricity consumption, and now stateless changes request, then HEM system controls the household electrical appliances minimum from priority, until total electric power meets the demands;

(3) if electric power limits higher than electricity consumption, and certain household electrical appliances comfort level is beyond setting range, then HEM algorithm first by this electrical appliance priority compared with the electrical appliance in other work, find out the electrical appliance that its medium priority is minimum, then start action; Successively closing low priority electrical appliance, when ensureing total electric power lower than restriction, controlling household electrical appliances energising work.

Compared with prior art, household energy management system Based Intelligent Control control algolithm of the present invention, carry out DR control mainly for high-power electric load in resident, and under the prerequisite taking into full account users'comfort and load priority, achieve the full-automation of control.Algorithm of the present invention improves the initiative that user participates in DR, and along with the raising of inhabitant's consumption level, resident's power consumption also will continue to increase.Therefore, this invention is with a wide range of applications.

In the present embodiment, S _aPPrepresent that comfort level exceeds the electrical appliance state of setting; DL represents that electricity consumption limits; TP represents household electrical appliances total power consumption; LP represents load priority; S _wH, W _aC, S _cD, S _eVrepresent electric heater, air-conditioning, baker, electric automobile current state respectively.EV, CD, AC, WH represent electric automobile, baker, air-conditioning, electric heater respectively.

Above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any way, and the technical scheme that the mode that every employing is equal to replacement or equivalent transformation obtains all drops in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1., for an intelligent control algorithm for household energy management system, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) appliance interface unit gathers the related data of all controlled household electrical appliances, comprises appliance switch state, household electrical appliances power data, and delivers to household electrical appliances management control system by above-mentioned data;

(2) user inputs related setting, comprises electrical appliance priority, comfort level setting; During control, should first consider that user sets, thus make control result bring minimum impact to user;

(3) temperature sensor of electric heater, the load of air-conditioning class gathers correlated temperature data, above delivers to appliance interface unit; Detect each household electrical appliances comfort level and whether exceed setting value, when certain household electrical appliances generation state changes request, make decisions;

(4) household electrical appliances management control system receives Utilities Electric Co.'s associated control signal, by electricity consumption restriction compared with user's actual power consumption power, if actual power consumption power is little, does not then change an electricity condition; If actual power consumption power exceeds restriction, make decisions;

Described decision-making idiographic flow is as follows:

1) when certain electrical appliance goes out present condition change request, if total power consumption limits lower than electricity consumption, then this request allows;

2) if total power consumption limits higher than electricity consumption, and now stateless changes request, then wired home power consuming administrative system controls the household electrical appliances minimum from priority, until total power consumption meets the demands;

3) if power consumption limits higher than electricity consumption, and certain household electrical appliances comfort level is beyond setting range, then household energy management system first by this electrical appliance priority compared with the electrical appliance in other work, find out the electrical appliance that its medium priority is minimum, then start action; Successively closing low priority electrical appliance, when ensureing total power consumption lower than restriction, controlling household electrical appliances energising work.

2. according to a kind of intelligent control algorithm for household energy management system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described household electrical appliances comprise electric automobile, assuming that electric automobile can charge or complete charge at any time, to meet the user demand of user; When there being high priority electrical appliance to need work, charging electric vehicle can be stopped at any time; When household energy management system predicts at the appointed time, when electric automobile can not complete charging, electric automobile priority can be improved, in advance to its charging.

3. according to a kind of intelligent control algorithm for household energy management system described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: user can change priority and the comfort level setting of each controlled household electrical appliances at any time as required, thus makes control result practical requirement.